Method of harvesting and post harvesting processing of tuberous roots

IPC classes for russian patent Method of harvesting and post harvesting processing of tuberous roots (RU 2362294):

A01D91/02 - Products growing in the soil

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Method and machine for extracting of root mass of deep-descending rootstock weeds, preferably licorice roots and rootstocks / 2251248

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Method and apparatus for extraction of deep-rootage medicinal plants, including licorice, growing on abandoned, dried out hard and stony soil / 2247483

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Method of harvesting and post harvesting processing of tuberous roots / 2362294

Method involves digging the tuberous root layer and removal of foreign objects. The harvest is temporarily stored in a detachable storage bin of a harvesting machine. The harvest is then transported in the same storage bin from the field to a point for post harvesting processing, where the product is unloaded, the tuberous roots are cleaned and sorted into fractions of its packaging for storage.

Tuberous roots transportation and cleaning method / 2400048

Invention is intended to provide for quality and effective tuberous roots cleanup of soil. The method involves delivery of a tuberous roots heap to cleaning working tools and their interaction with the elements of the cleaning working tools represented by brushes as well as further unloading. The brushes perform clean off soil with cylindrical springs. The spring is positioned parallel to the brushes axle that performs longitudinal alternate/reciprocal vibratory motion along the brushes axle so that to enable the spring self-cleaning.

Method of mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots and machine system of its implementation / 2446668

Method of mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, including digging of ridge of tuberous roots layer, its transportation with detaching of tuberous roots from the soil impurities of the layer by separation, download and accumulation of tuberous roots in the replaceable trailing hopper, transportation in it of tuberous roots to the line of post-harvesting processing, separation of the remaining impurities from the tuberous roots, their sorting into factions, and shipping. Before digging of the ridge the tops are removed, the ridge of the tuberous roots layer is pinched by figured wheel finders, covered from the sides by the cut-off wheels of the flat plowshare, and then it is digged out with a flat plowshare; root crops are transported to the clod table of the tuberous roots harvester, on which root crops are sorted out and uniformly loaded into the harvester reserve replaceable trailing hopper on wheels mounted on the tuberous roots, made with the drive bottom-conveyor and the cascade device with absorber of speed of descent of tuberous roots, the bottom of which communicates with a replaceable trailing hopper, made with a drive bottom-conveyor and the tail board, with the drive wheels of the reserve replaceable trailing hopper are mounted in one longitudinal plane with the harvester wheels; after transportation of tuberous roots to the line of post-harvesting processing the discharge of the end bottom-conveyor of the replaceable trailing hopper is installed with an overlap and a minimum difference over the receiving conveyor of the line of post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, the tail board of the replaceable trailing hopper is raised and by the turned on drive bottom-conveyor from the electric motor tuberous roots are overloaded on the conveyor of the line of post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, and when filling the replaceable trailing hopper during the accumulation of tuberous roots the filled replaceable trailing hopper is disconnected, the empty replaceable trailing hopper is attached and tuberous roots are loaded into it from the reserve replaceable trailing hopper. A system for mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots containing sequentially located tuberous roots harvester equipped with a reserve replaceable trailing hopper and interacting with the means of transportation of tuberous roots to the line for their post-harvesting processing, made in the form of a replaceable trailing hopper. Digging working bodies in the harvester are made in the form of a ploughshare with cut-off discs, located behind the crimping figured wheel finders and replaceable trailing hopper is made provided with a liftgate and is equipped with a drive from hydraulic system or a electric motor of a harvester and the harvester wheels and the wheels of reserve replaceable trailing hopper are made with the possibility of synchronous rotation, and are located in the same longitudinal plane.

Root crops harvesting machine / 2447644

Invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in machines for harvesting root crops. The root crops harvesting machine comprises a main frame, the rack with a lift device fixed on it, root-taking discs, two beaters and a screw cleaner. The cleaner is designed as two successively mounted sets, each of which consists of two screws, a roll and a support bracket. Over the second screw of the front set a spring-loaded guide in the form of a gear wall is mounted.

Method of beet tops harvesting with its plant ensilage and technological vehicle for harvesting beet tops / 2457664

Invention relates to a group of agriculture. Method of harvesting beet tops with its ensilage involves cutting the tops with the top of the root, cleaning piles of the tops from impurities of soil, and loading the tops to the technological vehicle constantly moving between rows of sugar beet with uncut tops on the unharvested side next to the top harvester. After loading the tops are transported to a place of ensilage, followed by unloading by placing in a surface clamp by the layer on top of previously laid layers, with the tops are placed on the previous layer in the surface clamp by throwing it from the tailgate of a technological vehicle body, made in the form of carrier-thrower. The technological vehicle for harvesting beet tops contains a wheeled chassis, body with sideboards hingedly connected to the chassis frame, and hydraulic cylinder of its tilting for unloading, mounted hingedly between the chassis frame and the bodywork. The rear side of the body is designed as a carrier-thrower, the chassis wheels of which are made fit into beet inter-row spacings on width and track and arranged in two traces on the same track, which coincides with the track of the towing tractor. Part of wheels of them are made of pivoted flap type and mounted on lever suspensions, and the chassis frame is equipped with a trailer needle and is adapted to connect to the tractor through its hitch attachment according to the scheme of the semitrailer.

Method of non-traumatic loading-unloading of tuberous roots / 2464767

Invention relates to agriculture and can be used to provide a method of non-traumatic loading and unloading tuberous roots from harvesting agricultural machines, such as potato harvesters. The method consists in the fact that flexible diaphragms are the first designed and then made as autonomous structures that can be easily mounted and removed from the body of the vehicle or a tractor trolley. The internal cavity of the said diaphragms is filled with air, equipped with a compressor with an air-filter, safety and outflow valve so that it is actuated only at a certain load, and gradually discharges air from the interior cavity of the diaphragm to the complete use of its height. After that, tuberous roots are transported to the warehouse, and there while unloading the similar flexible diaphragms are used, which are mounted first on self-propelled devices. If necessary, they are rolled under the vehicle or a tractor trolley, the products are unloaded in them, transported in to the desired location in the warehouse and placed for long-term storage. To return the flexible diaphragm to its original state the compressor is actuated, air is injected into the diaphragm to actuating the safety valve, and it is provided that the original form of the flexible diaphragm is not convex, but U-shaped.

Flexible diaphragm / 2465186

Diaphragm for non-traumatic handling of tuberous roots consists of base and frame (1), made as rectangular rigid spatial bar structure with double bottom (2). Walls are made solid and rigidly mounted on bars of base or frame (1). Inside the frame, flexible diaphragm (4) is attached to bottom with possibility to be filled with air from common compressor (5) with control panel (6). To side walls of the frame (1), flexible belt (7) having width equal to diaphragm (4) length is rigidly attached. Near bottom this belt forms narrow loop (8) and passes upwards without being rigidly attached to diaphragm (4) material. At the top, the belt (7) is rigidly attached to diaphragm (4) material and can be made of polyurethane foam or in combination. Profile of diaphragm (4) when being filled with air forms trough shape. At the top of front wall, pneumatic chute is rigidly attached being possible to fold and unfold depending on feeding or removing air to/from it. The chute is made of flexible material, and its outer surface is covered with polyurethane foam. From below, along centerline near the front wall pneumatic cylinder with air stock under pressure of 100-150 MPa inside the cylinder is attached. The cylinder has drain valve and exhaust valve. Cross profile of the chute is trough-shaped. From below of the chute, horizontal rectangular concavity is formed where horizontal rigid link (9) is stretched. Its one end is pivotally attached to the front wall of the said concavity, and the second end is rigidly connected with tape-coil spring. There can be several such devices installed along a wall with equal pitch.

Method of loader-cleaner of root crops and unit for its implementation / 2471334

Group of inventions can be used for cleaning and loading of sugar beet from the field pile into the vehicle. The method of operation of the unit as a part of the tractor and the loader-cleaner of root crops includes periods of presence of the loader-cleaner at the field pile of root crops waiting for the arrival of the vehicle for removal of root crops and periods of operation of the loader-cleaner on arrival of the next vehicle. The root crops, soil impurities, and crop residues are taken from the field pile by the loader-cleaner and sent to the cleaning units. They are then partially purified by movement to the loading elevator, and then loaded into the back of the vehicle. During the periods of presence of the loader-cleaner at the field pile of root crops waiting for the arrival of the vehicle, the root crops and soil impurities are taken from the field pile by the loader-cleaner and sent to the cleaning units, cleaned from impurities and moved to the cross conveyor which places a pile of root crops with the remaining impurities in the new field pile on the opposite side from the loading elevator. Upon arrival of the vehicle the cleaned root crops and remaining impurities are taken from the new field pile, re-cleaned and moved to the loading elevator which loads twice cleaned pile of root crops with reduced remaining impurities in the back of the vehicle.

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method involves digging the tuberous root layer and removal of foreign objects. The harvest is temporarily stored in a detachable storage bin of a harvesting machine. The harvest is then transported in the same storage bin from the field to a point for post harvesting processing, where the product is unloaded, the tuberous roots are cleaned and sorted into fractions of its packaging for storage.

EFFECT: reduced number of harvest reloads, reduced damage to the agricultural product and increased output of harvesting.

3 dwg

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used by machine harvesting and post-harvest handling of crops.

A known method of harvesting and post-harvest processing of crops, including digging roots, the primary separation of impurities download roots with the remaining impurities in the vehicle, where additional separation of impurities during transport and in the storage hopper of processed products and the delivery of crops to the point for the final post-harvest processing (SU 1644775 A1, CL A01D 33/00, 21/00).

The disadvantage of this method is the large number of transshipments crop from the harvesting machine is in a means of transportation on the field, it is in road transport for delivery of root and tuber crops on the highway, and then into a hopper item for post-harvest processing, which increases the amount of damage to the products, increases energy and reduces the performance of the harvest.

The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a flow cleaning of root and tuber crops (Grishchenko, F. W., Uglanov MB New potato harvester. M.: Kolos, 1972, s-123), which includes digging roots, separation of impurities discharging harvest in the back of the TRANS is Ortego funds and delivery of crops to the point for post-harvest processing. To unload the crop from the harvesting machine offered one of two options: a continuous supply of potatoes in the near-term transport or by collecting tubers in storage hopper with periodic unloading their vehicles.

The disadvantage of this method when using the first option of unloading is to use a moving next to the harvesting unit of transport, which is continuous loading of harvest, which increases the energy intensity of the cleaning process. This preserves the operation of unloading the crop into a hopper item for post-harvest processing, which increases the amount of damage.

When using the second version unloading disadvantage is the necessity of handling the crop from the hopper drive harvesting machine to a transport vehicle, and then into a hopper item for post-harvest processing, which increases the amount of damage to the products and reduces the performance of the harvest.

The objective of the invention is to provide a method for more efficient cleaning and post-harvest processing of crops.

The technical result is to reduce damage to agricultural products, increasing productivity and reducing energy intensity of the process-dress and and post-harvest processing of crops.

The technical result is achieved in that in the method of harvesting and post-harvest processing of crops, including digging conclusionalthough formation, separation from impurities, and after separation from the impurities produce the temporary accumulation of harvested crop in the removable hopper on the combine, after which the crop is transported in removable hopper from the field to the point for post-harvest processing, which produces the installation of a removable hopper with harvest on the spot to the receiving point for post-harvest processing and admit crops, produce the purification of roots from impurities, sort of processed products into fractions, her packing for shipment to storage.

Machines for carrying out the method includes: cleaning equipment (self-propelled or towed with a tractor harvester), which produces a tunnel conclusionalthough layer, separation of impurities and the accumulation of crop removable hopper harvesting machine, the item post-harvest processing of agricultural products, which receives the crop from the field, treatment of roots from impurities, sort of processed products into fractions and packing for delivery to the storage, processing or trading network, removable trailer bunker harvester made in the form of pricipali trailer and fits in place of the hopper of this paragraph, and means for transporting trailer hopper (tractor and vehicles).

An example of the method of harvesting and post-harvest processing of root and tuber crops are presented in figure 1-3.

Sweeper 2, is coupled to the tractor 1, provides a tunnel conclusionso layer, separation of impurities accumulation harvest removable hopper 3 made trailer for the harvesting machine (1).

After filling removable hopper 3 detach from the harvesting machine 2, hooked to the vehicle 4 and the harvest is transported in removable hopper 3 from the field to the point for post-harvest processing 5 (figure 2). The vehicle may be in the form of a tractor, truck (transport silo 3 made in the form of a semi-trailer).

After arriving at the point for post-harvest processing 5 installs removable hopper 3 harvesting machine in place of the hopper item for post-harvest processing 5 and unloading of products (figure 3), which can be applied to various previously known constructive scheme for smooth unloading of products from agricultural trailers.

The application of this method of harvesting and post-harvest processing of root and tuber crops will provide fewer roll changes the harvested crop, which will reduce damage to selskohoziajstvennyiproezd while increasing the productivity of the harvesting and post harvest handling of crops.

The method of harvesting and post-harvest processing of crops, including digging conclusionalthough layer, separation of impurities, characterized in that produce temporary accumulation of harvested crop in the removable hopper harvesting machine, then the harvest is transported in the same bunker from the field to the point for post-harvest processing, where they perform the discharging of the product, the purification of roots from impurities, sorting into fractions, her packing for shipment to storage.