Method of loader-cleaner of root crops and unit for its implementation

IPC classes for russian patent Method of loader-cleaner of root crops and unit for its implementation (RU 2471334):

A01D91/02 - Products growing in the soil

A01D25 - Lifters for beet or like crops

Another patents in same IPC classes:

Flexible diaphragm / 2465186

Diaphragm for non-traumatic handling of tuberous roots consists of base and frame (1), made as rectangular rigid spatial bar structure with double bottom (2). Walls are made solid and rigidly mounted on bars of base or frame (1). Inside the frame, flexible diaphragm (4) is attached to bottom with possibility to be filled with air from common compressor (5) with control panel (6). To side walls of the frame (1), flexible belt (7) having width equal to diaphragm (4) length is rigidly attached. Near bottom this belt forms narrow loop (8) and passes upwards without being rigidly attached to diaphragm (4) material. At the top, the belt (7) is rigidly attached to diaphragm (4) material and can be made of polyurethane foam or in combination. Profile of diaphragm (4) when being filled with air forms trough shape. At the top of front wall, pneumatic chute is rigidly attached being possible to fold and unfold depending on feeding or removing air to/from it. The chute is made of flexible material, and its outer surface is covered with polyurethane foam. From below, along centerline near the front wall pneumatic cylinder with air stock under pressure of 100-150 MPa inside the cylinder is attached. The cylinder has drain valve and exhaust valve. Cross profile of the chute is trough-shaped. From below of the chute, horizontal rectangular concavity is formed where horizontal rigid link (9) is stretched. Its one end is pivotally attached to the front wall of the said concavity, and the second end is rigidly connected with tape-coil spring. There can be several such devices installed along a wall with equal pitch.

Method of non-traumatic loading-unloading of tuberous roots / 2464767

Invention relates to agriculture and can be used to provide a method of non-traumatic loading and unloading tuberous roots from harvesting agricultural machines, such as potato harvesters. The method consists in the fact that flexible diaphragms are the first designed and then made as autonomous structures that can be easily mounted and removed from the body of the vehicle or a tractor trolley. The internal cavity of the said diaphragms is filled with air, equipped with a compressor with an air-filter, safety and outflow valve so that it is actuated only at a certain load, and gradually discharges air from the interior cavity of the diaphragm to the complete use of its height. After that, tuberous roots are transported to the warehouse, and there while unloading the similar flexible diaphragms are used, which are mounted first on self-propelled devices. If necessary, they are rolled under the vehicle or a tractor trolley, the products are unloaded in them, transported in to the desired location in the warehouse and placed for long-term storage. To return the flexible diaphragm to its original state the compressor is actuated, air is injected into the diaphragm to actuating the safety valve, and it is provided that the original form of the flexible diaphragm is not convex, but U-shaped.

Method of beet tops harvesting with its plant ensilage and technological vehicle for harvesting beet tops / 2457664

Invention relates to a group of agriculture. Method of harvesting beet tops with its ensilage involves cutting the tops with the top of the root, cleaning piles of the tops from impurities of soil, and loading the tops to the technological vehicle constantly moving between rows of sugar beet with uncut tops on the unharvested side next to the top harvester. After loading the tops are transported to a place of ensilage, followed by unloading by placing in a surface clamp by the layer on top of previously laid layers, with the tops are placed on the previous layer in the surface clamp by throwing it from the tailgate of a technological vehicle body, made in the form of carrier-thrower. The technological vehicle for harvesting beet tops contains a wheeled chassis, body with sideboards hingedly connected to the chassis frame, and hydraulic cylinder of its tilting for unloading, mounted hingedly between the chassis frame and the bodywork. The rear side of the body is designed as a carrier-thrower, the chassis wheels of which are made fit into beet inter-row spacings on width and track and arranged in two traces on the same track, which coincides with the track of the towing tractor. Part of wheels of them are made of pivoted flap type and mounted on lever suspensions, and the chassis frame is equipped with a trailer needle and is adapted to connect to the tractor through its hitch attachment according to the scheme of the semitrailer.

Root crops harvesting machine / 2447644

Invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in machines for harvesting root crops. The root crops harvesting machine comprises a main frame, the rack with a lift device fixed on it, root-taking discs, two beaters and a screw cleaner. The cleaner is designed as two successively mounted sets, each of which consists of two screws, a roll and a support bracket. Over the second screw of the front set a spring-loaded guide in the form of a gear wall is mounted.

Method of mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots and machine system of its implementation / 2446668

Method of mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, including digging of ridge of tuberous roots layer, its transportation with detaching of tuberous roots from the soil impurities of the layer by separation, download and accumulation of tuberous roots in the replaceable trailing hopper, transportation in it of tuberous roots to the line of post-harvesting processing, separation of the remaining impurities from the tuberous roots, their sorting into factions, and shipping. Before digging of the ridge the tops are removed, the ridge of the tuberous roots layer is pinched by figured wheel finders, covered from the sides by the cut-off wheels of the flat plowshare, and then it is digged out with a flat plowshare; root crops are transported to the clod table of the tuberous roots harvester, on which root crops are sorted out and uniformly loaded into the harvester reserve replaceable trailing hopper on wheels mounted on the tuberous roots, made with the drive bottom-conveyor and the cascade device with absorber of speed of descent of tuberous roots, the bottom of which communicates with a replaceable trailing hopper, made with a drive bottom-conveyor and the tail board, with the drive wheels of the reserve replaceable trailing hopper are mounted in one longitudinal plane with the harvester wheels; after transportation of tuberous roots to the line of post-harvesting processing the discharge of the end bottom-conveyor of the replaceable trailing hopper is installed with an overlap and a minimum difference over the receiving conveyor of the line of post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, the tail board of the replaceable trailing hopper is raised and by the turned on drive bottom-conveyor from the electric motor tuberous roots are overloaded on the conveyor of the line of post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, and when filling the replaceable trailing hopper during the accumulation of tuberous roots the filled replaceable trailing hopper is disconnected, the empty replaceable trailing hopper is attached and tuberous roots are loaded into it from the reserve replaceable trailing hopper. A system for mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots containing sequentially located tuberous roots harvester equipped with a reserve replaceable trailing hopper and interacting with the means of transportation of tuberous roots to the line for their post-harvesting processing, made in the form of a replaceable trailing hopper. Digging working bodies in the harvester are made in the form of a ploughshare with cut-off discs, located behind the crimping figured wheel finders and replaceable trailing hopper is made provided with a liftgate and is equipped with a drive from hydraulic system or a electric motor of a harvester and the harvester wheels and the wheels of reserve replaceable trailing hopper are made with the possibility of synchronous rotation, and are located in the same longitudinal plane.

Tuberous roots transportation and cleaning method / 2400048

Invention is intended to provide for quality and effective tuberous roots cleanup of soil. The method involves delivery of a tuberous roots heap to cleaning working tools and their interaction with the elements of the cleaning working tools represented by brushes as well as further unloading. The brushes perform clean off soil with cylindrical springs. The spring is positioned parallel to the brushes axle that performs longitudinal alternate/reciprocal vibratory motion along the brushes axle so that to enable the spring self-cleaning.

Method of harvesting and post harvesting processing of tuberous roots / 2362294

Method involves digging the tuberous root layer and removal of foreign objects. The harvest is temporarily stored in a detachable storage bin of a harvesting machine. The harvest is then transported in the same storage bin from the field to a point for post harvesting processing, where the product is unloaded, the tuberous roots are cleaned and sorted into fractions of its packaging for storage.

Method and machine for extracting of root mass of deep-descending rootstock weeds, preferably licorice roots and rootstocks / 2251248

Method involves preliminarily plowing root layer by deep cutting of soil layer without turning and deformation thereof by means of, preferably, flat U-shaped working tool; separating soil and separating rootstocks and roots during second passage along track of previous working tool by lifting undercut layer with the help of inclined lifters and by providing periodic impacts upon lifted layer from the bottom to the top by means of teeth of rotating rotor, with following moving of licorice roots and rootstocks onto surface of tilled soil strip and of soil aggregates and ground to the initial position; providing soil strip of 1.9-2.2 m width by rotavating soil top layer to 0.03-0.06 m depth; cutting 1.1-1.3 m wide and 0.45-0.65 m deep soil layer at one edge of tilled strip; during lifting of undercut layer and deformation thereof, separating root layer into small-sized and large-sized soil aggregates and root mass; laying extracted and separated roots and rootstocks onto remaining part of tilled strip; simultaneously covering surface of undercut layer having soil aggregates moved to the initial position. Machine has frame, separator with inclined lifters, and rotor positioned behind inclined lifters and equipped with drive having teeth with framed working edges. Machine is further provided with vibrating screen mounted behind rotor, and tray for laying licorice roots and rootstocks at the side of frame. Each lifter is mounted on transverse beam of frame and is equipped with chisel positioned on its lower part. Front face of lifter is made flat, with different angles of inclination with respect to horizontal plane.

Method and apparatus for extraction of deep-rootage medicinal plants, including licorice, growing on abandoned, dried out hard and stony soil / 2247483

Method involves cutting surface layer of soil and forming narrow slits to 60-70 cm depth; during slitting, forming water-accumulating channels of different depth and supplying water therein at flow rate of 5-25 l/s; on expiration of 2-3 days, providing digging and extracting rootages. Apparatus has frame mounted on supporting wheels and provided with vertical knives. One knife is positioned in mid portion of frame. Two other knives are positioned at ends of additional beams. Each of vertical knives is made flat, with concave curvilinear cutting edge and chisel at lower end. Soil deforming device with gauged heads is positioned at rear cut of knives. Heads are communicated with pull-type vessel via channels formed in knives bodies and via flexible hoses. Water is supplied from vessel via gauged heads into vertical channels and water-accumulating channels. During 2-3 days water moistens and softens soil to allow simplified extraction of rootages.

The way to increase productivity solodkova thickets and device for its implementation / 2189722

Technological semitrailer / 2464766

Invention relates to tractor semitrailers. The technological semitrailer contains hitch attachment to tractor chassis, tip-truck platform on it and hydraulic actuator for tilting. The length of the platform is proportionate to the operating width of multirow harvesting machine. The platform is located on the intermediate frame fixed above the chassis frame on the rotating support and able to turn the intermediate frame together with the platform along the semitrailer wheelspan by hydraulic motor.

Working body for digging out sugar beet / 2463765

Invention relates to the agricultural machinery, in particular, machines for harvesting root crops of sugar beet. Working body comprises two conoidal tips, mounted on the shaft ends connected telescopically, and the drive of the driven shafts for actuating them in a reciprocating motion along the axes. The drive is designed in the form of two sleeves with ledges on the ends. One of the sleeves is attached on the shaft, and the second is rigidly fixed along the outside diameter in the fork body. The fork tips are spring loaded in the axial direction. The sleeves are mounted at the front cylindrical part of the body and have cams in the form of right triangle symmetrically located in 90°, and the cams on the movable sleeve are located in 180°. For alternate movement on the adjacent tips the fixed sleeves are shifted relative to each other for 45°.

Digging working body / 2452168

Invention relates to the agricultural machine industry, in particular, to machines for harvesting sugar beet roots. The digging working body comprises two cone-shaped tips attached to the ends of shafts made telescopically, and a drive of driven shafts to put them into a reciprocating motion along the axis. The drive is made in the form of two sleeves with ledges at the ends and cams in the form of a right triangle with a longitudinal gap between them. The number of cams on the mobile sleeve, fixed on the shaft by a sliding sleeve, is equal or multiple to the number of cams on the fixed sleeve rigidly mounted to the outer diameter of the fork housing. The fork ends are spring-loaded in the axial direction. At the cone-shaped tips of the fork, root-grips made in the form of 1/2 ellipsoid are mounted with the long axis along the generant of the cone.

Root crops harvesting machine / 2447644

Multilayered root crops harvesting machine (versions) / 2447639

Group of inventions refers to agriculture. The multilayered root crops harvesting machine comprises a frame, support wheels, 12 lift devices, rotary, first and second raddle chains-cleaners of root crops heap and a drive of their lifting/lowering. Four lift devices on each side near to the front road wheels are rigidly coupled with the frame. Each of the four secondary lift devices is connected to the frame with a separate hinge and is kinematically connected with the cam of soil surface in front of them. Rotary conveyors-cleaners are mounted behind the lift devices with a slope along the grasp width of the machine and the mutual overlap of part of their surface. Over their front bypass the board is installed in a form of a drive drum. The raddle chains-cleaners are installed on the machine frame behind the centers of the rotors of rotary conveyors-cleaners. The lower bypass of the first raddle chain-cleaner is located directly above the surface of the rotary conveyors-cleaner at one side of the machine, and its upper bypass is located on the loading height at the other side of the machine. Over the first raddle chain-cleaner the second conveyor-cleaner is pivotally mounted so that its lower bypass is also located over the rotary transporter-cleaner and it is connected to the machine frame by flexible suspensions and is spring-loaded.

Multilayered root crops harvesting machine (versions) / 2447639

Lift device of beet harvester / 2446661

Invention relates to beet harvester digging device. The lift device has two driving disks (4, 5) with an ability of rotation of one disk (5) with a frequency greater than the frequency of rotation of the other disk (4). Each disc (4, 5) is mounted by the hub (7) on the semi-axis (6) at an angle to the direction of movement of the lift device and to the soil surface. On the hub (7) of the disc (5) having a greater rate of rotation the flexible beater rods are pivotally installed (12).

Lift unit for beet-root / 2442309

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: lift unit includes the first and the second driving disks. Each disk is installed through bearings on the half-shaft at some angle to the direction of motion and to the soil surface. The disks have the outline in the shape of a crown for the external gearing and are geared to the drive gear installed on the drive-shaft. The shaft is located athwart the direction of the lift unit motion. The outline diameter of the first disk gearing is larger than that of the second one. The disks are installed in such a way that their outline projections on the lateral vertical plane meet at the smallest opening between the disks.

EFFECT: simplification of the corotation drive with different speeds of both lift unit disks.

1 dwg, 3 dwg

Lifting attachment of beet harvester / 2390119

Lifting attachment contains two disks, at least one of them has a drive mechanism. The disks are fixed by means of bearings on a semiaxis at an angle to a direction of movement and to a surface. The disk contour has the wreath form for external serrated gearing, and is geared to the leading gearwheel based on the leader shaft, located across a movement lifting attachment direction.

Method and device for harvesting root crops, particularly beetroot crops / 2360396

Method consists in tilling soil with harvesting tools equipped with share surfaces and moving along rows; also roots are dug out of tilled soil. Soil on both sides of rows of roots is flatly elevated with share surfaces which pass sideways to the direction of harvesting tools motion. Roots are dug out of tilled soil with guiding planes of the harvesting tools, which are locally raised behind share surfaces facing rows with their free ends. The device is designed to travel along the rows with harvesting tools equipped with share surfaces to dig roots out of soil. Share surfaces pass sideways to the direction of the harvesting tools motion to provide flat elevation of soil from both sides of the rows and soil tilling. To dig roots out of tilled soil locally behind share surfaces facing rows with their free ends there are foreseen rising surfaces.

Method and apparatus for extraction of deep-rootage medicinal plants, including licorice, growing on abandoned, dried out hard and stony soil / 2247483

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions can be used for cleaning and loading of sugar beet from the field pile into the vehicle. The method of operation of the unit as a part of the tractor and the loader-cleaner of root crops includes periods of presence of the loader-cleaner at the field pile of root crops waiting for the arrival of the vehicle for removal of root crops and periods of operation of the loader-cleaner on arrival of the next vehicle. The root crops, soil impurities, and crop residues are taken from the field pile by the loader-cleaner and sent to the cleaning units. They are then partially purified by movement to the loading elevator, and then loaded into the back of the vehicle. During the periods of presence of the loader-cleaner at the field pile of root crops waiting for the arrival of the vehicle, the root crops and soil impurities are taken from the field pile by the loader-cleaner and sent to the cleaning units, cleaned from impurities and moved to the cross conveyor which places a pile of root crops with the remaining impurities in the new field pile on the opposite side from the loading elevator. Upon arrival of the vehicle the cleaned root crops and remaining impurities are taken from the new field pile, re-cleaned and moved to the loading elevator which loads twice cleaned pile of root crops with reduced remaining impurities in the back of the vehicle.

EFFECT: invention provides the best performance of the loader-cleaner and better quality of the root crops cleaning.

3 cl, 5 dwg

The invention relates to a method of operation of machine-tractor unit for cleaning and loading sugar beets from the field kagata in a vehicle such as a truck or tractor trailer train in the composition of the tractor on EN 2389615, 20.05.2010 bull. No. 14 + trailer (the truck), for delivery at the point of reception, and also applies to other units in the structure of the tractor and the process module on the managed wheels.

Known methods of cleaning and loading sugar beets from the field kagata in-vehicle unit in the composition of the tractor and loader-purifier, such as a tractor YUMZ-6L/6M + loader SNT-2,1B [1] 164, 165, RIS; tractor MTZ-80 + technological module loader-purifier sugar beet roots PCA-4,2 [2]...p.7 14, 2...4, p.34...37, 19.

The known method of operation of the unit in the composition of the tractor and loader-purifier root crops, including periods loader-purifier directly from the field kagata roots in anticipation of the arrival of the next vehicle for removal of roots from the plantation and the periods of operation of the loader is cleaner upon arrival of the next vehicle in which the truck is cleaner roots, impurities of the earth and plant residues pick up from field kagata, deliver them to the cleaning apparatus, partially purify the impurities, at the same time promote the roots and remaining impurities to the loading Elevator, which loaded a bunch of root crops with residues of impurities in the body of the vehicle with the highest flow (for the truck), such as how the work mounted on the tractor stekloplastika SNT-2,1B [1] s, last paragraph, p. 166, RIS, which is taken as the prototype of the method.

Disadvantages:

if the truck load truck-cleaner with the greatest supply of a pile of root vegetables to reduce downtime of truck under loading, while the cleaning device is ineffective;

b) if the roots pick up from kagato with small feed to the cleaner, then increase the downtime of the truck;

in a compromise and remove impurities and less downtime truck more.

For example, the total pollution of sugar beet in 1990, according to the head of the NGO "Rossahilly" 15.6% [3] page 2, column 2, paragraph 3 above. Volume sales of sugar beet in the country for at least 30 million tonnes [3] page 4, last paragraph. So, for the harvest season at the sugar factories exported 5.5 million tons of impurities, mainly the soil.

The task and the technical result consists in finding the way in which the truck loaded with the highest capacity of the loader is cleaner and with better purified from impurities by roots than Izv the STN method.

1. The invention is a method of operation of the unit in the composition of the tractor and loader-purifier root crops, including periods loader-purifier directly from the field kagata roots in anticipation of the arrival of the next vehicle for removal of roots from the plantation and the periods of operation of the loader is cleaner upon arrival of the next vehicle in which the truck is cleaner roots, impurities of the earth and plant residues pick up from field kagata, deliver them to the cleaning apparatus, partially cleaned, simultaneously promoting the roots and remaining impurities to the loading Elevator, which loaded a bunch of root crops with residues of impurities in the body of the vehicle with the highest supply, and according to the invention in periods loader-purifier directly from the field kagata roots in anticipation of the arrival of the vehicle for loading by forklift-purifier roots and pick up impurities from field kagata, deliver them to the cleaning apparatus, partially cleaned, simultaneously promoting the roots and remaining impurities to the transverse conveyor, which a bunch of root crops with residues of impurities is placed in a new field kagat opposite the loading of the Elevator side, APO arrival of the vehicle for loading by forklift-purifier partially peeled roots and remaining impurities picked up from the new field of kagata, serve them on the cleaning device, re-purified from the remaining impurities, simultaneously promote re-refined roots and residues of impurities to the loading Elevator, which with the greatest supply dipped twice cleared the pile of roots with reduced residues of impurities in the body of the vehicle.

Thanks to this truck loads fast and less soil is transported to refineries. The new kagat placed on the surface of the soil is not compacted by the wheels of the truck, and roll their area of the field is reduced to a minimum as the removal of roots from each kagata perform on the band, including a rut trucks on the runway occupancy of the initial kagata and rut beside him.

Known units in the composition of the tractor and loader-purifier sugar beet roots, such as tractor YUMZ-6L/6M + loader SNT-2,1B [1] 164, 165, RIS; tractor MTZ-80 + technological module loader-purifier sugar beet roots PCA-4,2 [2]...p.7 14, 2...4, p.34...37, 19.

Disadvantages they are the same as described above for the method of their work, and more:

a) the lack of mounted on the tractor loaders type of SNT-2,1B in the absence of effective cleansing organs, as the mass of the mounted machine hinged limited opportunities most used tractor 1.4 class.

b) Dostatok loader-purifier-type ATP-4.2V large volume disassembling & assembling works when drafting unit, and with the help of the crane, and in need of somewhere to store dismounted from the tractor nodes [2] p.34...37.

Known to aggregate in the composition of the tractor and loader-purifier roots containing the main frame on wheels driven by power that is connected with a tractor, pick-up with a cleaning device and rollers, copying the field surface, placed on the frame connected with the main frame hinge, conveyors, side loading Elevator and hydraulic cylinders of the lifting / lowering of the loading of the Elevator, such as truck-cleaner PCA-4,2 [2]...p.7 14, 2...4, p.34...37, 19 adopted for the prototype.

The disadvantage of it is that immersed in a pile of sugar beet roots is still quite a lot of impurities land and crop residues, as well as the disadvantages mentioned above in paragraph b).

The task and the technical result of the invention is a unit composed of a tractor and loader-purifier sugar beet roots - process module, which the truck loaded with the highest performance, with better purified from impurities by roots than the known loaders-cleaners, and is connected to a tractor unit with less complexity than is needed for the prototype.

2. The invention is an Assembly composed of a tractor and loader-purifier roots, containing the main frame on wheels, managed by a steering connected with a tractor, pick-up with a cleaning device and rollers, copying the field surface, placed on the frame connected with the main frame hinge, a longitudinal conveyor, side loading Elevator and hydraulic cylinders of the lifting / lowering of the pick-up and Elevator, and according to the invention contains mounted on the main frame opposite the hinge of the Elevator transverse conveyor laying roots in a new field Cugat, and hydraulic servo system steering loader-purifier comprising a hydrostatic angle sensor steered wheels of the tractor and the hydraulic steering of the truck is cleaner.

3. The invention is an Assembly comprising of a tractor, the process module and steering the steered wheels of the process module, and steering the steered wheels of the technological module is indicated by a pair of oil lines with hydrostatic angle sensor steered wheels of the tractor, which contains a trigger compression spring located around dvuhtokovoe hydraulic cylinder between a pair of movable along this hydraulic cylinder drives, limited to the outer sides of the thrust rings, and installed on the tractor so that one rod dvuhtokovoe guy who replicastore cylinder is connected with the beam steered wheels of the tractor, and another rod of the same hydraulic cylinder is connected with the axis of the guided wheel tractor kinematically, and drives hydrostatic sensor is located between the supports on the beam steered wheels of the tractor close to the fence, and oral dvuhtokovoe hydraulic cylinder hydrohammer sensor by a pair of oil passages are communicated with steering the steered wheels of the process module.

Due to such characteristics unit composed of a tractor and loader-purifier sugar beet roots - process module load the truck with the highest productivity, better and free from impurities root crops than the well-known loader-cleaners. Meanwhile, the technological module connected to a tractor unit with much less difficulty and without crane, unlike the prototype, and technological module consists of the required length and weight of the cleaning device as technological module relies on its steered wheels. Therefore, its weight and length are not limited to hinged opportunities tractor, for example, 1,4.

Designed Assembly composed of a tractor and loader-purifier - process module (next unit), for example, as follows.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the unit, side view. Let the distance from the non-wheel path of the RA to the wheels of the truck-purifier more base tractor.

Figure 2 is a view in plan. Dotted line outlines the sectors of the possible rotation rowing up shields.

Figure 3 shows a hydraulic servo system steering loader-purifier - process module.

Figure 4 shows a schematic hydraulic diagram of the connection oil passages of the hydraulic cylinders of the lifting / lowering of the pick-up along with its cleansing organs of the Elevator and cross conveyor laying roots in a new field Cugat on the left (on the straight course of the tractor, [4] s, RIS, conclusions 1, 2) section of the tractor distributor.

Figure 5 shows a schematic hydraulic circuit connecting the oil lines right to direct the course of the tractor) section of the tractor distributor [4] s, RIS, conclusions 7, 8, cylinders clutch on-off drive of the loading of the Elevator, drive cross conveyor laying roots in a new field Cugat and the opening-closing valve open output root of the rotary cleaner on the transverse conveyor laying roots in a new field kagat.

The legend in figure 1, 2, 3, 4, 5:

1 - tractor type MTZ-80 In [4] 49...55, for example a tractor MTZ 900/920 in position with reverse driving position and creeper gearbox (hereinafter - the tractor),

2 - technology module - loader-cleaner root sakh the nuclear biological chemical (NBC beet (hereinafter referred to module),

3 - main frame module 2 (next - frame),

4 left and right steered wheels whose axes in a common plane, the beam of their axle attached to the frame 3 (hereinafter - wheel),

5 - pick-up with a cleaning device and rollers, copying the field surface (hereinafter - up),

6 - frame pickup 5, connected with the frame 3 hinge (next - frame),

7 - adjusting screw roller copier soil surface mounted on the frame 6 (hereinafter - skating rink),

8 - the Cam shaft of the pick-up 5, for example similar to the same in the PCA-4,2 [2] s, RES (hereinafter - feeder),

9 - shaft drives the tines, the front part of which is in the gap between the lobes of the feeder (hereinafter - beater,

10 - cleaning device - a series of transverse screws that are installed with a gap between them (hereinafter - cleaner),

11 - rowing up the plate with teeth mounted on the frame 6 swivel around a vertical axis (hereinafter - the rake),

12 - right to right and left with left wound screws installed along the axis of the swivel frame 6 frame 3 at the right and left side with a gap between the augers (hereinafter auger),

13 is a longitudinal conveyor mounted on the frame 3 for the purifier 10 (hereinafter - the Transporter),

14 - rotary cleaner - concrete grating disc attached to the lower end of the vertical shaft and covered bar fence with OK the AMI for entry and exit of roots so the bottom edge of the fence to 25 mm above the disk, for example similar to the rotor of the grinder F company Moreau [1] s, RES, 108 (hereinafter referred to as a rotor),

15 is a spring-loaded valve open closed open output root of the rotor 14 mounted so that its lower edge above the lattice bars of the rotor disc 25 mm (hereinafter - flap),

16 is a cross-conveyor laying roots in a new field Cugat, sarndra connected to the frame 3 so that in the working position, the roots are placed in a new kagat height 1...1,5 m not rolled the car's surface with the opposite side of the Elevator unit (hereinafter Transporter),

17 - side loading Elevator with adjustable height loading, mounted on the frame 3 (hereinafter - the Elevator),

18 - hydraulic servo system of the rotation wheel 4 (hereinafter - the system),

19 - hydroabietyl the angle sensor steered wheels of the tractor 1 (hereinafter sensor)

20 - the steering wheels turn 4 (hereinafter - amplifier),

21 - a pair of oil lines, indicating the amplifier 20 with sensor 19 (hereinafter - channel)

22 - dvuhklikovy hydraulic cylinder sensor 19 (hereinafter - cylinder),

23 is partially compressed, for example up to 700 N, centering threshold spring sensor 19 (hereinafter - spring),

24 is movable along the cylinder 22 of the disk and the thrust ring, limiting the mobility of the disk (hereinafter - ROM)

25 - fixed the ing the connection of the piston rod 22 with the beam steered wheels of the tractor 1 (hereinafter referred to bearing,

26 - lever kinematic connection of the piston rod 22 with the axis of the guided wheel tractor 1 (hereinafter the lever),

27 - focus, fixed on a beam steered wheels of the tractor 1 close to the disk 24 (hereinafter - emphasis),

28 is attached to the beam of the wheels 4 are identical with the cylinder 22, the cylinder of the hydraulic booster 20 (hereinafter - cylinder),

29 - centering threshold spring having a smaller rigidity than that of the spring 23, and partially compressed to equal with the spring 23 forces (700 N) nuts on the screw attached to the end of the piston rod 28 (hereinafter - spring),

30 is attached to a beam axle wheel 4 stops with the screw hole of the preload of the spring 29 (hereinafter - emphasis),

31 - amplifier 20 valve with negative valve overlap (next, allocator),

32 is attached to a beam wheels 4 cylinder with two rods of the hydraulic booster 20 (hereinafter - cylinder),

33 - the left (on a direct course tractor) section of the valve of the tractor (next section),

34 - right to direct the course of the tractor) section of the valve of the tractor (next section),

35 - hydraulic lifting / lowering of the pick-up 5 when the oil pressure is not less than 10 MPa (hereinafter - cylinder),

36 - hydraulic lifting and lowering of the Elevator 17 when the oil pressure is not more than 5 MPa (hereinafter - cylinder),

37 - hydraulic lifting and lowering of the conveyor 16 when the oil pressure is not less than 0 MPa (hereinafter referred to cylinder),

38 - one-way hydraulic lock (hereinafter castle)

39 - choke return valve (hereinafter referred to choke),

40 - hydraulic on-off drive of the Elevator 17, the planetary clutch, for example similar to the planetary gearbox with band brake [2] p.59, 36, (hereinafter - cylinder),

41 - hydraulic on-off drive of the conveyor 16 of the planetary coupling, for example, similar to the planetary gearbox with band brake [2] p.59, 36, (hereinafter - cylinder),

42 - hydrocylinder opening-closing valve 15 when the oil pressure is not less than 10 MPa for opening (hereinafter - cylinder),

43 - two-way hydraulic lock (hereinafter - the castle)

44 is a cylinder of rotation of the rake 11 (hereinafter - cylinder),

45 - split the oil line with a shut-off couplings, indicating a first control channel section 33 with the cylinders 35, 36, 37 through the lock 38 and the orifice 39 (hereinafter - channel)

46 - split the oil line with a shut-off couplings, indicating the second control channel sections 33 to 38 castle (next channel),

47 - split the oil line with a shut-off couplings, indicating a first control channel section 34 with the cylinders 41, 42 through the first output channel of the lock 43 (hereinafter - channel)

48 - split the oil line with a shut-off couplings, indicating the second control channel section 34 with the cylinder 40 through the second output channel of the lock 43 (gave the e - channel)

49 - with shut-off coupling plug the oil line pressure (hereinafter - channel)

50 - with shut-off coupling plug oil drain (hereinafter - channel)

51 - relief valve, located on the module 2 before the distributor 31 (hereinafter - valve),

52 - return valve (hereinafter - valve),

53 - a small bottle of oil is placed on the module 2 (hereinafter the tank).

Module 2 frame 3 is rigidly connected to the beam of the axle of the wheels 4. To the frame pivotally attached to the pickup 5. His frame 6 in the working position is based on two roller 7 located near the feeder 8 and part 9, which has the purifier 10. Before the feeder is a pair of rake 11, and a pair of screws 12 restricts the width of the window between the augers to exit root cleaner on the conveyor 13. Behind him is the rotor 14 with a valve 15 in front of the entrance to the conveyor 16 and the window in the fence in front of the Elevator 17. The system 18 includes a sensor 19 and the amplifier 20 provided between only two channels 21.

The sensor 19 includes a cylinder 22 covered by the spring 23 and the disk 24 with the adjacent thrust rings so that the disks have the opportunity to move along the cylinder only in the direction of compression of the spring. One of the rods of the cylinder 22 is connected with the beam axle steered wheels of the tractor 1 by a support 25, and the other rod of this cylinder is pivotally connected with the lever 26. This growling is attached to the axis of the guided wheel tractor with two bolts, screwed into the threaded holes, in which were screwed the bolts wing managed wheels of the tractor. On a girder bridge steered wheels of the tractor are established via two ladders mobile stops 27 against the outer ends of the disk 24.

The amplifier 20 includes a cylinder 28, the cavity which is communicated with the oil passages 21 with the cavities of the cylinder 22 of the sensor 19. One of the rods of the cylinder 28 through strapped to his end of the screw is connected with a spring 29 is located between the lugs 30 and the other rod through the valve core and the valve body 31 is pivotally connected with a lever that is attached perpendicular to the axis of the wheel 4. The control channels of the distributor 31 is in communication with the cavities of the cylinder 32 whose stocks through a pull line connected with the axles of the wheels 4. The input channel of the distributor 31 is sequentially communicated with the output channel dosing pump steering of the tractor 1 channel 49 that are connected to it instead of the regular drain oil line. Output channel of the distributor 31 is consistently communicated by the channel 50 with the above-mentioned standard drain oil line, that is, similarly to the wiring diagram of the valve of the machine driving the self-propelled root-crops harvesting machine KS-6B to the pump-dispenser its steering [2] p.70, RES. The channels 49 and 50 communicated to each other through the valve 51 and through the valves 52 e is s with the tank 53. The feeder 8, part 9, the screws 10 and 12, the conveyor 13, a rotor 14, the conveyor 16, the Elevator 17 is connected with the transmission module 2 having a shaft receiving power from the PTO of the tractor.

Work. Before mounting on the tractor 1 set regular hodomantimer and transferred in the reverse position of the control post. On the bridge of the steering wheels of the tractor, set the sensor 19. Lower links mounted device, for example, of the type WELL-1 [4] s, attached to the braces through the grooves, helical tie chains shorten so as to block the movement of the lower rod in the transverse direction, and raise them in a position close to the extreme top. Serves the tractor to module 2, attach it to the module 2 through the spherical hinge of the bottom rods of the hinged device, which blocks the locking mechanism, move the stop on the rod of the cylinder so as to close the valve of the cylinder [5] s, RIS, pp.163, RIS, s. is. Connect the shaft receiving power module 2 with the PTO of the tractor. Channels 21, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 and the oil from the cylinder 44 connected to pins on the tractor 1 in accordance with the description set forth above. Check the operability of the hydraulic and mechanical drives. Eliminate shortcomings, such as oil leakage in the joints. Translate the pickup 5, the conveyor 16, the Elevator 17, the rake 11 in the transport position the Oia and the transport speed direct the unit to the clamps sugar beet sugar beet plantations. Cornering the way the steering wheel through his amplifier respectively turn the steered wheels of the tractor. This by means of the lever 26 to move the cylinder 22 and the piston rod 28, as the chambers of cylinders reported by the channels 21. When this wheel 4 through the amplifier 20 is turned at a greater angle than the driven wheels of the tractor, so that all the wheels move in arcs, the centers of which are close enough to the same point due to the different stiffness of the springs 23 and 29, which are accepted by computing when designing. In the case of gradual leakage of oil through the seals of the cylinder 22, 28 his fill from tank 53 through the valve 52.

Upon arrival on the field with clamps sugar beet handle the middle section of the tractor distributor include the supply of oil to the cylinders 44 and translate this rake 11 in the working position. Then drive unit to the beginning of kagata and section 33 serves the oil pressure through the channel 46 to the control channel of the lock 38. This lock open and the oil from the cylinders 35, 36, 37 through the channel 45 through the orifice 39, the lock 38, section 33 under the weight of the pickup 5, the conveyor 16, the Elevator 17 is extruded in the oil tank of the tractor 1. This pick-up 5 smooth lower rollers 7 on the soil surface and the conveyor 16 is lowered into the working position, after which, so also smooth lowering of the Elevator 17 to wish the th height above the ground, switch section 33 in the position of "neutral". A piston cylinder 35 pressure of 5 MPa, the weight of the Elevator 17 to the cylinder 36, thus partially unloaded rollers 7, lightening up the soil surface almost without gauge from the rollers 7. While the cylinders 35 and 36 of the Elevator 17 little shake that does not interfere with his work. Include the PTO of the tractor.

In the morning before the arrival of the truck (they often arrive later) and the waiting times of arrival of the next truck section 34 serves the oil pressure to the cylinders 41, 42 through the channel 47 through the lock 43. The valve 15 open, overcoming the action of its spring, and include the coupling of the drive of the conveyor 16. Start moving unit, and the submission of a pile of root vegetables regulate the speed of movement of the unit so that the roots promote the cleaner 5 and the rotor 14 in a thin layer and therefore cleanse them of impurities effectively. When this rotor 14 residues (roots of weeds, lost tops) the bars of the rotor disc stretch into the gap under the flap 15 and the centrifugal force dropping from the rotor on the soil surface through the gap with the fence. A bunch of root crops with residues of impurities stack conveyor 16 in new Cugat on the surface of the soil is not compacted by the wheels of trucks, as the conveyor 16 and the Elevator 17 are located on opposite sides of the unit and the trucks served by the Elevator. When approaching the truck to the field served the unit back on the band, released from the source kagata, and taxied to the beginning of a new kagata. Section 34 through the channel 48 through the first channel of the lock 43 serves the oil pressure in the cylinder 40. These include the coupling of the drive of the Elevator 17, open a second channel of the lock 43 and through him under the action of springs displace the oil from the cylinders 41, 42, than switch off the coupling of the drive of the conveyor 16 and the valve 15 to close the window, exit the roots on the conveyor 16. Then the truck served by the Elevator 17 and include the speed of the unit on the largest supply of root crops in the truck, re-clean the impurities and fastest load the truck twice peeled roots. Continue to serve the unit to the remaining part of the initial kagata and repeatedly repeat the cycle of operations described in this paragraph.

So, a unit composed of a tractor and loader-purifier sugar beet roots - process module load the truck with the highest productivity, better and free from impurities root crops than the well-known loader-cleaners. Meanwhile, the technological module connected to a tractor unit with much less complexity than for the prototype. Technological module consists of the required length and weight of the cleaning device as technologically the module is installed on their respective duty wheels automatically controlled in concert with the driven wheels of the tractor. Therefore, the mass and length of the process module is not limited to hinged capabilities of the tractor.

Therefore, achieve rapid loading of the vehicle better than the peeled roots are compact and maneuverable unit with automatic control wheels of the process module in concert with the tractor wheels. The complexity of the reporting unit substantially less than required for similar. For many millions of tones reduce the export of soil from sugar beet, the season of harvest.

The unit is composed of a tractor and the process module according to claim 3 of the invention are made for different purposes, for example for cleaning of sugar beet roots. For this purpose, in particular, instead of the feeder 8 and part 9 install the innovatively designed according to EN 2390119, 27.05.2010 bull. No. 15, respectively, reduce the width of the cleaning device and the frame, and a conveyor 16 is not installed. Other variants of the process module for different purposes attach it to the tractor with both obverse and reverse driving position, through both back and front hinged device. There are also options of the unit with the simultaneous addition of process modules to the tractor with both obverse and revere the ' main control station, through and front and rear hitch.

Sources of information

1. Machines for sugar beet. Edited Agitable and Whichoften. M., "engineering", 1976, 368 S.

2. Reference manual beet-harvesting complexes / Ammature etc. - Kiev: Vintage, 1984, 128 S.

3. Full and on time to harvest. Mudshow, GEMBALLA. The journal of Sugar beet production and processing". Moscow, VO "Agropromizdat", No. 4, 1991, 64 S.

4. Tractors "Belarus" class 1.4. The allowance aggregation. MTP GSKB. Minsk, 1990, 300 S.

5. MTZ-80, MTZ-82. Second edition, revised and expanded. Under the General editorship of doctor of technical Sciences Ipersonalize. M: "Kolos", 1983, 254 S.

1. The method of operation of the unit in the composition of the tractor and loader-purifier root crops, including periods loader-purifier directly from the field kagata roots in anticipation of the arrival of the next vehicle for removal of roots from the plantation and the periods of operation of the loader is cleaner upon arrival of the next vehicle in which the truck is cleaner roots, impurities of the earth and plant residues pick up from field kagata, deliver them to the cleaning apparatus, partially cleaned, simultaneously promoting the roots and remaining impurities to loading the Elevator, which ship a bunch of root crops with residues of impurities in the body of the vehicle with the greatest flow, characterized in that the periods of the truck-purifier directly from the field kagata roots in anticipation of the arrival of the vehicle for loading by forklift-purifier roots and pick up impurities from field kagata, deliver them to the cleaning apparatus, partially cleaned, simultaneously promoting the roots and remaining impurities to a transverse conveyor which is placed a pile of root vegetables with residues of impurities in a new field kagat opposite the loading of the Elevator side, and upon arrival of the vehicle for loading by forklift-purifier partially peeled roots and the remaining impurities picked up from the new field of kagata, deliver them to the cleaning device, re-purified from the remaining impurities, simultaneously promote re-refined roots and residues of impurities to the loading Elevator, which with the greatest supply dipped twice cleared the pile of roots with reduced residues of impurities in the body of the vehicle.

2. The unit is composed of a tractor and loader-purifier roots containing the main frame on wheels driven by power that is connected with the tractor is m, pick-up with a cleaning device and rollers, copying the field surface, placed on the frame connected with the main frame hinge, a longitudinal conveyor, side loading Elevator and hydraulic cylinders of the lifting / lowering of the pick-up and Elevator, characterized in that it contains mounted on the main frame opposite the hinge of the Elevator transverse conveyor laying roots in new Cugat, and hydraulic servo system steering loader-purifier agreed with the steering of the tractor, including the hydrostatic angle sensor steered wheels of the tractor and the hydraulic steering of the truck is cleaner.

3. The unit is composed of a tractor, the process module and steering the steered wheels of the process module, characterized in that the steering steered wheels of the technological module is indicated by a pair of oil lines with hydrostatic angle sensor steered wheels of the tractor, which contains a trigger compression spring located around dvuhtokovoe hydraulic cylinder between a pair of movable along this hydraulic cylinder drives, limited to the outer sides of the thrust rings, and installed on the tractor so that one rod dvuhtokovoe hydraulic cylinder connected to the n with the beam steered wheels of the tractor, and another rod of the same hydraulic cylinder is connected with the axis of the guided wheel tractor kinematically, and drives hydrostatic sensor is located between the supports on the beam steered wheels of the tractor close to the fence, and oral dvuhtokovoe hydraulic cylinder hydrostatic sensor by a pair of oil passages are communicated with steering the steered wheels of the process module.