Method of mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots and machine system of its implementation |
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IPC classes for russian patent Method of mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots and machine system of its implementation (RU 2446668):
 
 Tuberous roots transportation and cleaning method / 2400048
Invention is intended to provide for quality and effective tuberous roots cleanup of soil. The method involves delivery of a tuberous roots heap to cleaning working tools and their interaction with the elements of the cleaning working tools represented by brushes as well as further unloading. The brushes perform clean off soil with cylindrical springs. The spring is positioned parallel to the brushes axle that performs longitudinal alternate/reciprocal vibratory motion along the brushes axle so that to enable the spring self-cleaning.
 Method of harvesting and post harvesting processing of tuberous roots / 2362294
Method involves digging the tuberous root layer and removal of foreign objects. The harvest is temporarily stored in a detachable storage bin of a harvesting machine. The harvest is then transported in the same storage bin from the field to a point for post harvesting processing, where the product is unloaded, the tuberous roots are cleaned and sorted into fractions of its packaging for storage.
 Method and machine for extracting of root mass of deep-descending rootstock weeds, preferably licorice roots and rootstocks / 2251248
Method involves preliminarily plowing root layer by deep cutting of soil layer without turning and deformation thereof by means of, preferably, flat U-shaped working tool; separating soil and separating rootstocks and roots during second passage along track of previous working tool by lifting undercut layer with the help of inclined lifters and by providing periodic impacts upon lifted layer from the bottom to the top by means of teeth of rotating rotor, with following moving of licorice roots and rootstocks onto surface of tilled soil strip and of soil aggregates and ground to the initial position; providing soil strip of 1.9-2.2 m width by rotavating soil top layer to 0.03-0.06 m depth; cutting 1.1-1.3 m wide and 0.45-0.65 m deep soil layer at one edge of tilled strip; during lifting of undercut layer and deformation thereof, separating root layer into small-sized and large-sized soil aggregates and root mass; laying extracted and separated roots and rootstocks onto remaining part of tilled strip; simultaneously covering surface of undercut layer having soil aggregates moved to the initial position. Machine has frame, separator with inclined lifters, and rotor positioned behind inclined lifters and equipped with drive having teeth with framed working edges. Machine is further provided with vibrating screen mounted behind rotor, and tray for laying licorice roots and rootstocks at the side of frame. Each lifter is mounted on transverse beam of frame and is equipped with chisel positioned on its lower part. Front face of lifter is made flat, with different angles of inclination with respect to horizontal plane.
 Method and apparatus for extraction of deep-rootage medicinal plants, including licorice, growing on abandoned, dried out hard and stony soil / 2247483
Method involves cutting surface layer of soil and forming narrow slits to 60-70 cm depth; during slitting, forming water-accumulating channels of different depth and supplying water therein at flow rate of 5-25 l/s; on expiration of 2-3 days, providing digging and extracting rootages. Apparatus has frame mounted on supporting wheels and provided with vertical knives. One knife is positioned in mid portion of frame. Two other knives are positioned at ends of additional beams. Each of vertical knives is made flat, with concave curvilinear cutting edge and chisel at lower end. Soil deforming device with gauged heads is positioned at rear cut of knives. Heads are communicated with pull-type vessel via channels formed in knives bodies and via flexible hoses. Water is supplied from vessel via gauged heads into vertical channels and water-accumulating channels. During 2-3 days water moistens and softens soil to allow simplified extraction of rootages.
 Method of production of roots and rhizomes of licorice, a device for removing non-tradable parts of licorice roots, machine for the production of licorice roots, machine for harvesting plant roots / 2179384
The invention relates to agriculture and the agricultural industry, in particular to a technique for manufacturing complex machines for the extraction of plant roots that lie at a considerable depth, such as roots and rhizomes of licorice
 The method of harvesting the roots of plants, mainly licorice cultivated on plantations licorice local ecoform / 2170001
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the technology of harvesting the roots of plants propagated by vegetative on degraded irrigated soils as methanolica
 The production method globalmarketing wild medicinal plants / 2165139
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to machine cleaning technologies roots of medicinal plants, such as medicinal forms of licorice, elecampane, marshmallow, etc
 The production method of licorice / 2165138
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to a method of cleaning the roots of plants such as licorice
 Device for separation of tuberous roots at rotory cup-type fraction / 2441359
this device includes hoisting mechanism, mesh sorting tools, and its driving gear, as well as cone sorting tools mounted on vertical shaft. The shaft is vertical to a pivot pin of the bladed cylindrical hoisting drum, herewith tool base circumferences intercross with circumference of an open drum inlet. Upper tool inlet is of inverted truncated cone form with removable micromesh wall. Whereas, minor cone base is attached to the upper shaft end by wheel hubs and balance arms for free screening of no-go tuberous root fraction. Cylinder guide neck adjoins to a minor cone base rim. Base down cone with removable coarse mesh wall is mounted under truncated cone at the shaft. Fixed semicylindrical housing is mounted above a cone base edge; this housing passes into a discharge chute raised boss, one end of which is located on a semi-circumference of cone rotation plane, and its free minor end is tilted to a degree of root rolling. There is a fixed cone collector for medium size roots located under the cone base with the discharge chute under it.
Device for separation of tuberous roots at rotory cup-type fraction / 2441359
this device includes hoisting mechanism, mesh sorting tools, and its driving gear, as well as cone sorting tools mounted on vertical shaft. The shaft is vertical to a pivot pin of the bladed cylindrical hoisting drum, herewith tool base circumferences intercross with circumference of an open drum inlet. Upper tool inlet is of inverted truncated cone form with removable micromesh wall. Whereas, minor cone base is attached to the upper shaft end by wheel hubs and balance arms for free screening of no-go tuberous root fraction. Cylinder guide neck adjoins to a minor cone base rim. Base down cone with removable coarse mesh wall is mounted under truncated cone at the shaft. Fixed semicylindrical housing is mounted above a cone base edge; this housing passes into a discharge chute raised boss, one end of which is located on a semi-circumference of cone rotation plane, and its free minor end is tilted to a degree of root rolling. There is a fixed cone collector for medium size roots located under the cone base with the discharge chute under it.
 Sieve-free potato harvester with separator of ascend-descend action / 2426296
Potato harvester comprises a shovel, a lifting-separating element, a separator of plant tops, a discharge transverse conveyor. The process of tubers separation from soil, tops, plant remains happens in the ascending flow of the heap moving along a trapezoidal channel between two branches of the lifting and tuber-receiving belt conveyors equipped with elastic (rubber) fingers and bent backwards against the device motion travel. At the section between a guide roller of the tuber-receiving belt conveyor and a master shaft of the lifting belt conveyor there is a free zone to roll tubers separated from soil and tops down. On a heap-carrying branch of the lifting belt conveyor there is a tuber baffle arranged at the level of the master shaft axis of rotation. The tuber baffle is arranged as a rod of round section fixed at the ends of two telescopic levers hingedly connected by their other ends to the frame by means of stands and resting against a helical pair. Bars of arched shape are fixed to the tuber baffle with an interval of 0.5 m that envelope the upper semi-cylindrical surface of the lifting belt conveyor. In the plane perpendicular to the surface of the lifting belt conveyor leaf, the tuber baffle is equipped with a tuber-reflecting shield made as 2x…3x flexible threads tightened in parallel to the tuber baffle.
 Potato combine harvester / 2395955
Invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery. Combine contains a digger working body consisting of active plowshare and paired disks with an active disk knife and the disk lift attendant, the basic elevator, clod smashers, forked guide, additional elevator, the sparse rod carrier vehicle, an elevating drum, the unloading carrier vehicle and the loading pocket for tubers. The drum is set on the combine in front of the forked guide, where scrubbers are fixed with the possibility of installing of bristles an angle of 30-60°.
 Potato combine harvester / 2395954
Invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery. Combine contains a digger working body with the share, the paired disks with an active disk knife, the basic elevator, clod smashers, forked guide, additional elevator, the sparse rod carrier vehicle, an elevating drum, the loading pocket for tubers and the unloading carrier vehicle. The share has a working surface in the form of manurer fork and consists of several sections with the base made with the possibility of support on the bottom of the furrow.
 Separator / 2386485
Invention relates to separators for separation of solid mixtures into fractions and may be used in agricultural machine building in designs of tuber-fodder choppers and sorting machines, and also mining and woodworking industries. Separator includes drive mechanism, meshy web installed between frame sides in the form of a row of round-link chains with closed circuit that embraces master shaft with hooks and slave shaft. Separator is equipped with two additional shafts arranged one over another with support rollers. Master shaft with hooks is installed between additional shafts. Slave shaft is arranged with support rollers. Hooks of neighbouring chains are arranged on master shaft with displacement relative to each other along angle of shaft rotation. Shaft with hooks is installed with the possibility of displacement in horizontal plane. Shaft with hooks and one of shafts with support rollers are installed on common yoke with the possibility of its rotation relative to frame. Support rollers and hooks of master shaft are installed so that distance between them at the inlet of product is less than at its outlet from meshy web. Transverse conveyors are installed between branches of chains.
 Ln burkov's method and device for harvesting root and tuber crops / 2382541
Method involves mowing plant tops a week and a half before harvesting whereupon a self-propelled root and tuber crops combine harvester is used to harvest root and tuber crops. When the combine harvester is operating, separate vehicles are used for root and tuber crops and for waste. When digging out crops, the rotor digs out the layer with roots and tubers so it can be thrown on a transporting-separating operating element that separates dirt, plant tops, breaks dirt lumps and conveys the mass for sorting that fills storage hopper. The device has an engine, a control cabin, a system of operating elements, such as a digging rotor in the form of a drum with paw-shaped lifters installed in several parallel rows. The lifters are positioned in a circle around the rotor offset relative to one another. The first third of the transporting-separating unit consists of a piler transporter in the form of three-blade pilers installed on the shaft in a screw line. The second third of the transporter has rolling press with rubberised surface with parallel projections on the surface of every second one. Each pair of rolling press is installed contrarotatable and with a gap relative to the next pair. The last third of the specified transporting-separating unit is manufactured in the form of several parallel rows of double-sided pilers installed on the shafts in a screw line. There is a lump breaker made in the form of flat round rollers with rubber rings on top and hinged on the common hollow shaft above the two last rolling presses. Sorting is made in the form of a wire belt having a possibility of moving laterally by means of hydraulic engine and self-cleaning by means of several rows of pins. The digging rotor-type drum drive is made from the hydraulic engine with a possibility of moving the drum on lateral guides from the operating position to the transporting one and back. The hoppers for collecting crops and waste are manufactured of the equal height. Discharge hatch of each hopper is located respectively on the left and right with a possibility for a car or a tractor trailer to drive up and be loaded at the same time. Shutters are made vertical. The drive is made from hydraulic engines and rack-and-gear transmission with actuating mechanisms. Each hopper bottom is inclined to the horizon and oppositely directed. There is a vibrator in the middle of each hopper bottom on the outside.
 Potato combine / 2382540
Potato combine contains a soil intake, two screens, drum-separator with chambers and a receiving hopper. The soil intake has a casing with cutting buckles on their ends. The first screen is manufactured with ascending vibrating floor and forms "bridgewall" with descending floor of the second screen. Two driving wheels located on the right ensure vibration of the screens through roller tappets. The drum-separator is tilted towards the receiving hopper. The drum-separator is rotated by the driving wheel located on the left.
Potato combine / 2382540
Potato combine contains a soil intake, two screens, drum-separator with chambers and a receiving hopper. The soil intake has a casing with cutting buckles on their ends. The first screen is manufactured with ascending vibrating floor and forms "bridgewall" with descending floor of the second screen. Two driving wheels located on the right ensure vibration of the screens through roller tappets. The drum-separator is tilted towards the receiving hopper. The drum-separator is rotated by the driving wheel located on the left.
 Swath maker of tuberous roots / 2373680
Invention relates to agricultural engineering and is designed to be used for machines harvesting tuberous roots. The swath maker includes feeler and separating devices, a raddle chain above working branch of which there are narrowing and separating augers as well as a reverse unloading conveyor installed at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the machine and there is a flipping device over the reverse unloading conveyor adjacent to the rear end of the raddle chain. The shaft of the narowing auger on the one side is made as a clod smasher equipped with an elastodeformed cover and on the other side it is made as a mentioned auger equipped with an elastic cover and adjacent to the clod smasher. The narrowing auger with the clod smasher are placed along the entire length of the raddle chain. The elastic cover of the narrowing auger is made as a sealed hose located on the shaft between the auger turns along the screw line and is equipped with a unit to supply compressed air.
 Potato digger (versions) / 2253212
Potato digger has digging device formed as share, and separating device. Digging device and separating device are mounted on frame. Slots are provided in share bottom. Clod breaking drum is disposed above share. Wavy protrusions formed on drum surface are extending in parallel with drum axis. Separating device is composed of set of shafts on which disks are mounted in staggered arrangement. Disks are equipped with fingers manufactured from elastic material and having section decreasing from finger base to its apex. Outer surface of each finger in its base part is perpendicular to disk radius. Disk fingers of adjacent shafts are arranged in overlapping relationship with respect to one another.
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FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method of mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, including digging of ridge of tuberous roots layer, its transportation with detaching of tuberous roots from the soil impurities of the layer by separation, download and accumulation of tuberous roots in the replaceable trailing hopper, transportation in it of tuberous roots to the line of post-harvesting processing, separation of the remaining impurities from the tuberous roots, their sorting into factions, and shipping. Before digging of the ridge the tops are removed, the ridge of the tuberous roots layer is pinched by figured wheel finders, covered from the sides by the cut-off wheels of the flat plowshare, and then it is digged out with a flat plowshare; root crops are transported to the clod table of the tuberous roots harvester, on which root crops are sorted out and uniformly loaded into the harvester reserve replaceable trailing hopper on wheels mounted on the tuberous roots, made with the drive bottom-conveyor and the cascade device with absorber of speed of descent of tuberous roots, the bottom of which communicates with a replaceable trailing hopper, made with a drive bottom-conveyor and the tail board, with the drive wheels of the reserve replaceable trailing hopper are mounted in one longitudinal plane with the harvester wheels; after transportation of tuberous roots to the line of post-harvesting processing the discharge of the end bottom-conveyor of the replaceable trailing hopper is installed with an overlap and a minimum difference over the receiving conveyor of the line of post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, the tail board of the replaceable trailing hopper is raised and by the turned on drive bottom-conveyor from the electric motor tuberous roots are overloaded on the conveyor of the line of post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, and when filling the replaceable trailing hopper during the accumulation of tuberous roots the filled replaceable trailing hopper is disconnected, the empty replaceable trailing hopper is attached and tuberous roots are loaded into it from the reserve replaceable trailing hopper. A system for mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots containing sequentially located tuberous roots harvester equipped with a reserve replaceable trailing hopper and interacting with the means of transportation of tuberous roots to the line for their post-harvesting processing, made in the form of a replaceable trailing hopper. Digging working bodies in the harvester are made in the form of a ploughshare with cut-off discs, located behind the crimping figured wheel finders and replaceable trailing hopper is made provided with a liftgate and is equipped with a drive from hydraulic system or a electric motor of a harvester and the harvester wheels and the wheels of reserve replaceable trailing hopper are made with the possibility of synchronous rotation, and are located in the same longitudinal plane. EFFECT: warning of violation of untreated rows is provided, reduction of damage of tuberous roots and reduction of their losses while storage due to exclusion of transshipments, increasing harvesting efficiency by reducing downtime of the harvester, reduction of costs on energy, labor and materials. 3 dwg
The invention relates to the agricultural industry and can be used by machine harvesting and harvesting of crops for shipment in Commerce, and in laying them in storage. Known "Method of harvesting crops and device for its implementation" see RF patent №2037991, CL 01D 17/00, 1991, in which the claimed method is characterized by the sequence of operations podkapyvanii beds, their destruction by exposure to bottom across the entire width, the distribution of components destroyed beds, separation of the soil. However, this method does not provide complete separation of impurities from agricultural products, suitable to bookmark it for long term storage. The well-known "Method and apparatus Burkova LN. for cleaning of root and tuber crops", see RF patent №2382541, CL 01D 17/06, 2008, including mowing leaves for a week and a half before harvest, and then combine dig conclusionary layer, transport him with the separation and destruction of soil lumps, transmits the weight to the sorting. Waste (soil, tops) falls into the waste bunker, and tubers accumulate in another bunker to approach the vehicle (vehicles) to combine and bring the harvest to the destination. A device for implementing this method includes excavating labourasse Kopachi, separating working the bodies, camerasdigital, sorting working bodies and two bunkers located on the harvester, one for potatoes, and the other for waste. However, this method also does not provide perfect cleaning of the tubers, as closing the working body (mesh conveyor) is realized by the lumps of soil, remove the pins, and they consequently go along with potatoes in a bunker harvest. The use of two bins complicates the organization of transport operations, as the hopper is filled unevenly, which reduces the performance of the cleaning process. The famous "Machine production line for harvesting potato". Cm. RF patent №2204896, CL A01D 17/02, 2000, in which the following method: cut the weeds, tops, large clods, stones and combs throw on a harvested field. Machine production line for harvesting potato contains the intake working body, getting all conclusionary layer, transport it, at the same time separarea from the soil, completely separate the tubers from the soil, sort and accumulate in the hopper of the machine, and then additional vehicle after filling the entire hopper is removed from the field. The machine is equipped with commerzleasing node. However, in this method, the tubers have damage to the cutting working body and combs, and sorting of the machine does not provide the AET reliable separation of the soil impurities from potatoes. Known from the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2104630, CL 01D 17/02, 1996, "Potato unit Igumen", which provides the following method of harvesting of root and tuber crops: a lifted terbenam, separation and removal of the tops in the bunker, separation and accumulation of root and tuber crops in another bunker with an opening in the rear wall. The bins are designed as plug-carts on wheels and connected by cable to the frame of the unit. After filling the trolley unit is stopped, the cart unhooking, just empty and filled transported from the field to the other any vehicle on the headland of the rut, and then delivered to specialized unloading area. However, this method and apparatus not only provides high-quality cleaning of root and tuber crops, suitable for laying on the long-term snoring, but provides a stop Assembly when replacing trucks, contributes to soil compaction by the trucks, and other vehicles, exporting truck from the field, which reduces the performance of the unit. The closest technical solution is the Method of harvesting and post-harvest processing of root and tuber crops" RF patent No. 2362294, CL A01D 91/02, 2007 this technical solution provides a tunnel conclusionso layer, separation of impurities accumulation of harvested crop in a removable trailer is uncere harvester then the crop is transported in removable hopper from the field to the line for post-harvest processing, set this removable hopper in a common line of post-harvest processing, produce Department of the remaining impurities from the roots, sort of harvest fraction, packing and dispatch for storage or shipment to retail outlets. However, this method causes additional soil compaction field, as it is either self-propelled harvester with removable cart or mounted on the tractor trailed harvester with removable trolley, and an additional vehicle for export trucks from the field. Wheels all these complex machines create an additional burden on the soil of the field across the width, because the width of the track all these different machines. In addition, this method provides for the stopping of harvesting machinery in the middle of the field to change trucks, require a large number of replacement trucks, as they are used in the form of the hopper and for line post-harvest handling of the crop. In this technical solution for the implementation of the described method provides for a range of machines, including cleaning equipment, removable trailer hopper, line post-harvest processing of root and tuber crops. The proposed complex is the closest prototype machines system for implementing the method is mechanized harvesting and post harvest handling of crops. The present invention is the development and creation of such technical solutions as part of the method and system of machines that will ensure a minimum energy costs, labor costs and improving the quality of the harvested potatoes, and root crops, namely reducing the damage, along with a significant reduction of soil compaction in the proposed system machines. The present invention will also reduce the consumption of materials cleaning process by reducing the number and weight of used equipment, reducing downtime cleaning equipment that will significantly improve the system performance and will allow you to harvest more quickly. The task is part of the method is achieved in that in the method of mechanized harvesting and post harvest processing of crops, including a tunnel ridge conclusionso layer, the transportation Department of the roots from the soil impurity layer by separation, loading and accumulation of root and tuber crops in the removable trailer hopper, transport it goes to the line post-harvest processing, Department of remaining impurities from the roots, sorting them into fractions and sending. Thus, before digging comb remove the tops, compresses the crest conclusionso reservoir curly copy what their rollers, cover it with the sides of the cutting discs flat plowshares, and then dug out flat plowshare, convey goes on a sorting table conclusionso harvester, which sorted out the roots and evenly load them installed on conclusiona processor backup removable trailer hopper on wheels, made with a drive bottom-line and cascading device with damper speed of descent of root and tuber crops, the bottom of which communicates with removable trailer hopper made with a drive bottom-line and lifting the tailgate, while the drive wheels back trailer removable hopper mounted in the same longitudinal plane with the wheels of the combine, after transportation of crops to line post-harvest processing the discharge end of the bottom conveyor removable trailer hopper sets with overlap and minimal drop over the unloading conveyor line post-harvest processing of crops, raise the tailgate trailer removable hopper and through the included drive bottom - line from motor overload goes on the conveyor line post-harvest processing of crops, and when filling removable trailer hopper during the accumulation cineclube is ladow disconnect filled removable trailer hopper, attach an empty removable trailer hopper and overload it goes from a backup removable trailer hopper. The task in the system for mechanized harvesting and post harvest processing of crops, containing consistently located cornelluniversity processor communicates with the means of transportation of correcional to the line for their post-harvest processing executed in the form of a removable trailer hopper. While excavating attachments harvester made in the form of a plow blade with a cutting disks located behind the crimped curly feeler rollers, while the harvester is equipped with a backup removable trailer hopper made with a drive bottom-line and height adjustable cascade device with damper speed of descent of root and tuber crops, the lower free end of the cascade device is located in the inner front zone above the bottom of the removable trailer hopper, made in the form of a drive bottom conveyor, the discharge end of which is made adjustable in height, speakers for the main frame removable trailer hopper and cooperating with the conveyor line for post-harvest processing of root and tuber crops and interchangeable towed bunker made with the lifting of the rear flange and provided with a drive of the hydraulic or electric motor combine, and the wheels of the harvester and wheels back trailer removable hopper is made with possibility of simultaneous rotation and are located in the same longitudinal plane. 1 shows a potato harvester with removable trailer hopper, side view, figure 2 is a top view, figure 3 - attach trailer hopper to the conveyor line for post-harvest treatment of potatoes. The proposed method is implemented as follows. Before harvesting potatoes, cut the tops and removes it from the field. Then in the box to send a potato harvester, complete with trailer removable hopper. As kartofeleterochnye harvester equipped with a reference figure feeler rollers and set them excavating flat shares, each of which is covered with the lateral sides of the cutting disks, the crest cornellana first layer compresses on all sides by the rollers, while the crumble layer of soil and then dig out the soil so that the cutting disks limit the mass vicopisano soil. Potkopanog mass transport, excluding scrivanie, on the conveyor, where there is separation, namely the separation of the main mass of the soil and other impurities from potatoes. Next, the potatoes sorted on a sorting table combine and send back in the bunker, located is on the harvester. As the reserve bunker harvester made with a drive bottom - line and equipped with a cascade device with damper speed of descent of the tuber, the potato through it overload in removable trailer hopper, made also with a drive bottom-line and lifting the tailgate. The harvester works in the field has not yet filled removable trailer hopper, which change only at the end of the rut. If the harvester has not yet reached the end of the rutting season, and interchangeable towed the bin is full, it continues to perform the process, thus removing the potato is accumulated in the reserve bunker harvester, and therefore, the volume of reserve hopper choose at least a multiple of the weight of the crop in one pass of the harvester gona field. When the harvester in the field of its wheels and wheels removable trailer hopper is placed in the same longitudinal plane, i.e. are on the same gauge. When the harvester of the end of the rutting season filled with removable trailer hopper, the hopper is cut off from the combine, his place is empty, include driving bottom-conveyor backup the bin on the harvester and overload potatoes from him in the empty removable trailer hopper, after which the harvester moves in unharvested rows of the field and starts to execute the process. Filled removable trailer bunker already on roads with fields transportiruetes line post-harvest treatment of potatoes, where install it so that the speaker of the discharge end of the bottom conveyor removable trailer hopper overlaps the receiving conveyor line post-harvest treatment of potatoes and has a minimum differential over it, and then open the tailgate hopper, include driving bottom-pipeline replacement trailer hopper motor, thereby overloading the potatoes with adjustable feed conveyor line post-harvest treatment of potatoes, which produces the separation of the remaining impurities, sort of finished products into fractions and send it in storage or in a trading network. This method provides a significant reduction in damage of potato tubers and violation of the suspension systems of cars unprocessed rows, improving the reliability of the implementation process, a significant reduction in soil compaction. The system of machines for harvesting and post-harvest processing of crops includes sequentially arranged potato harvester 1 and the transporting means are designed as plug-trailer hopper 2, and operates as follows. When the movement of the combine harvester 1 field plowshares 3 break in the ridge conclusionso layer, ensuring the capture of a minimum number of soil, due to the fact that each blade provided with side cutting discs 4. In eredi plowshares 3 the rotating reference figure feeler rollers 5, affecting the soil layer, and cutting discs 4 limit layer, which falls on the blade 3. The surface of the rollers 5 affect the lumps of soil that contributes to the separation of the tubers from the soil impurities and better serve the masses for separating the working bodies. Further weight picked up the receiver conveyor 6 harvester speed which exceeds the speed of movement of the harvester for better separation pagkapanalo reservoir and exceptions Scrivania potkopanog mass. Sorted and sorted potatoes into a reserve hopper 7 of the harvester. Reserve hopper 7 is made with a drive bottom-conveyor 8 and is supplied with height adjustable cascade device 9 with damper velocities tubers (not shown). The volume of the hopper of the combine is selected from the calculation of the total mass of potatoes, at least remove the harvester in a single pass gona field. It provides a temporary accumulation remove potatoes from the field, while the harvester will not finish the process in removing the row and will not reach the end of the rut, where you are replacing a filled replacement trailer hopper to empty. The lower free end of the cascade device 9 is located in the inner front zone removable trailer hopper 2, is made with a driving bottom - conveyor 10. The discharge end 11 of the on-conveyor is made adjustable in height and stands on the value of N for the main frame 12 replacement trailer hopper 2. Removable trailer hopper is made with a hinged rear wall 13 and provided with two drives from the hydraulic system of the combine (not shown) when in the field and from the electric motor 14 when working with line post-harvest processing of root and tuber crops. Wheels 15 removable trailer hopper 2 when working "in the groove" are in the same longitudinal plane with the wheels 16 of the harvester, i.e. they go on one track, "Oh and R-R", which reduces the area of the sealing land without compromising agronomic standards as their wheels are on the removed part of the field, and executed synchronously rotating, which also reduces the impact on the soil. After disconnecting filled removable trailer hopper 2 at the end of the rut of the field it is transported to the line 17 for post-harvest treatment of potatoes and set the speaker of the discharge end of the bottom conveyor removable trailer hopper with overlapping conveyor line 18 and with the minimal difference, as the discharge end is made adjustable in height. This eliminates damage to potato tubers. Include driving bottom-pipeline replacement trailer hopper motor 14 and overload potatoes with adjustable feed rate to the conveyor line post-harvest treatment of potatoes. Thus, the claimed invention solves the technical problem of reducing damaged the th of potato tubers and prevent violations of unprocessed rows, and turning radius, reduce soil compaction, increase the reliability of performing a process to reduce the cost of harvesting and storing potatoes and reduce the weight of machines and set. The proposed method and system machines were tested in potato farms for several years, showed good performance. 1. The way of mechanized harvesting and post harvest processing of crops, including a tunnel ridge conclusionso layer, the transportation Department of the roots from the soil impurity layer by separation, loading and accumulation of root and tuber crops in the removable trailer hopper, transport it goes to the line post-harvest processing, Department of remaining impurities from the roots, sorting them into fractions and sending, characterized in that before digging comb remove the tops, compresses the crest conclusionso layer figure feeler rollers, cover it with the sides of the cutting discs flat plowshares, and then dug out flat plowshare, convey goes on a sorting table conclusionso harvester which sorted out the crops, and evenly load them installed on conclusiona processor backup removable trailer Bunkyo is on wheels, made with a drive bottom-line and cascading device with damper speed of descent of root and tuber crops, the bottom of which communicates with removable trailer hopper made with a drive bottom-line and lifting the tailgate, while the drive wheels back trailer removable hopper mounted in the same longitudinal plane with the wheels of the combine, after transportation of crops to the line post-harvest processing the discharge end of the bottom conveyor removable trailer hopper sets with overlap and minimal drop over the unloading conveyor line post-harvest processing of crops, raise the tailgate trailer removable hopper and through the included drive bottom - line from motor overload goes on the conveyor line post-harvest processing of crops, and when filling removable trailer hopper during the accumulation of root and tuber crops disconnect filled removable trailer hopper, attach an empty removable trailer hopper and overload it goes from a backup removable trailer hopper. 2. System for mechanical harvesting and post-harvest processing of crops, containing consistently located cornelluniversity harvester, usaimage is concerned with the means of transportation of crops to the line for their post-harvest processing, designed as a plug-trailer hopper, characterized in that the intake attachments harvester made in the form of a plow blade with a cutting disks located for crimping figured the feeler rollers, while the harvester is equipped with a backup removable trailer hopper made with a drive bottom-line and height adjustable cascade device with damper speed of descent of root and tuber crops, the lower free end of the cascade device is located in the inner front zone above the bottom of the removable trailer hopper, made in the form of a drive bottom conveyor, the discharge end of which is made adjustable in height, speakers for the main frame removable trailer hopper, and cooperating with the conveyor line for post-harvest processing of crops, and interchangeable towed bunker made with the lifting of the rear flange and provided with a drive from a hydraulic or electric motor combine, and the wheels of the harvester and wheels back trailer removable hopper is made with possibility of simultaneous rotation and are located in the same longitudinal plane.
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