Method of non-traumatic loading-unloading of tuberous roots

IPC classes for russian patent Method of non-traumatic loading-unloading of tuberous roots (RU 2464767):

A01D91/02 - Products growing in the soil

A01D33 - Accessories for digging harvesters

Another patents in same IPC classes:

Method of beet tops harvesting with its plant ensilage and technological vehicle for harvesting beet tops / 2457664

Invention relates to a group of agriculture. Method of harvesting beet tops with its ensilage involves cutting the tops with the top of the root, cleaning piles of the tops from impurities of soil, and loading the tops to the technological vehicle constantly moving between rows of sugar beet with uncut tops on the unharvested side next to the top harvester. After loading the tops are transported to a place of ensilage, followed by unloading by placing in a surface clamp by the layer on top of previously laid layers, with the tops are placed on the previous layer in the surface clamp by throwing it from the tailgate of a technological vehicle body, made in the form of carrier-thrower. The technological vehicle for harvesting beet tops contains a wheeled chassis, body with sideboards hingedly connected to the chassis frame, and hydraulic cylinder of its tilting for unloading, mounted hingedly between the chassis frame and the bodywork. The rear side of the body is designed as a carrier-thrower, the chassis wheels of which are made fit into beet inter-row spacings on width and track and arranged in two traces on the same track, which coincides with the track of the towing tractor. Part of wheels of them are made of pivoted flap type and mounted on lever suspensions, and the chassis frame is equipped with a trailer needle and is adapted to connect to the tractor through its hitch attachment according to the scheme of the semitrailer.

Root crops harvesting machine / 2447644

Invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in machines for harvesting root crops. The root crops harvesting machine comprises a main frame, the rack with a lift device fixed on it, root-taking discs, two beaters and a screw cleaner. The cleaner is designed as two successively mounted sets, each of which consists of two screws, a roll and a support bracket. Over the second screw of the front set a spring-loaded guide in the form of a gear wall is mounted.

Method of mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots and machine system of its implementation / 2446668

Method of mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, including digging of ridge of tuberous roots layer, its transportation with detaching of tuberous roots from the soil impurities of the layer by separation, download and accumulation of tuberous roots in the replaceable trailing hopper, transportation in it of tuberous roots to the line of post-harvesting processing, separation of the remaining impurities from the tuberous roots, their sorting into factions, and shipping. Before digging of the ridge the tops are removed, the ridge of the tuberous roots layer is pinched by figured wheel finders, covered from the sides by the cut-off wheels of the flat plowshare, and then it is digged out with a flat plowshare; root crops are transported to the clod table of the tuberous roots harvester, on which root crops are sorted out and uniformly loaded into the harvester reserve replaceable trailing hopper on wheels mounted on the tuberous roots, made with the drive bottom-conveyor and the cascade device with absorber of speed of descent of tuberous roots, the bottom of which communicates with a replaceable trailing hopper, made with a drive bottom-conveyor and the tail board, with the drive wheels of the reserve replaceable trailing hopper are mounted in one longitudinal plane with the harvester wheels; after transportation of tuberous roots to the line of post-harvesting processing the discharge of the end bottom-conveyor of the replaceable trailing hopper is installed with an overlap and a minimum difference over the receiving conveyor of the line of post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, the tail board of the replaceable trailing hopper is raised and by the turned on drive bottom-conveyor from the electric motor tuberous roots are overloaded on the conveyor of the line of post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, and when filling the replaceable trailing hopper during the accumulation of tuberous roots the filled replaceable trailing hopper is disconnected, the empty replaceable trailing hopper is attached and tuberous roots are loaded into it from the reserve replaceable trailing hopper. A system for mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots containing sequentially located tuberous roots harvester equipped with a reserve replaceable trailing hopper and interacting with the means of transportation of tuberous roots to the line for their post-harvesting processing, made in the form of a replaceable trailing hopper. Digging working bodies in the harvester are made in the form of a ploughshare with cut-off discs, located behind the crimping figured wheel finders and replaceable trailing hopper is made provided with a liftgate and is equipped with a drive from hydraulic system or a electric motor of a harvester and the harvester wheels and the wheels of reserve replaceable trailing hopper are made with the possibility of synchronous rotation, and are located in the same longitudinal plane.

Tuberous roots transportation and cleaning method / 2400048

Invention is intended to provide for quality and effective tuberous roots cleanup of soil. The method involves delivery of a tuberous roots heap to cleaning working tools and their interaction with the elements of the cleaning working tools represented by brushes as well as further unloading. The brushes perform clean off soil with cylindrical springs. The spring is positioned parallel to the brushes axle that performs longitudinal alternate/reciprocal vibratory motion along the brushes axle so that to enable the spring self-cleaning.

Method of harvesting and post harvesting processing of tuberous roots / 2362294

Method involves digging the tuberous root layer and removal of foreign objects. The harvest is temporarily stored in a detachable storage bin of a harvesting machine. The harvest is then transported in the same storage bin from the field to a point for post harvesting processing, where the product is unloaded, the tuberous roots are cleaned and sorted into fractions of its packaging for storage.

Method and machine for extracting of root mass of deep-descending rootstock weeds, preferably licorice roots and rootstocks / 2251248

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Method and apparatus for extraction of deep-rootage medicinal plants, including licorice, growing on abandoned, dried out hard and stony soil / 2247483

Method involves cutting surface layer of soil and forming narrow slits to 60-70 cm depth; during slitting, forming water-accumulating channels of different depth and supplying water therein at flow rate of 5-25 l/s; on expiration of 2-3 days, providing digging and extracting rootages. Apparatus has frame mounted on supporting wheels and provided with vertical knives. One knife is positioned in mid portion of frame. Two other knives are positioned at ends of additional beams. Each of vertical knives is made flat, with concave curvilinear cutting edge and chisel at lower end. Soil deforming device with gauged heads is positioned at rear cut of knives. Heads are communicated with pull-type vessel via channels formed in knives bodies and via flexible hoses. Water is supplied from vessel via gauged heads into vertical channels and water-accumulating channels. During 2-3 days water moistens and softens soil to allow simplified extraction of rootages.

The way to increase productivity solodkova thickets and device for its implementation / 2189722

Method for improving natural thickets of licorice and tillage tool for its implementation / 2180997

Method of production of roots and rhizomes of licorice, a device for removing non-tradable parts of licorice roots, machine for the production of licorice roots, machine for harvesting plant roots / 2179384

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Machine to separate potatoes from soil lumps / 2464112

Invention may be used in agriculture for separation of potatoes from soil lumps. Proposed machine exploits the principle of arbitrary comparison of difference in specific gravity of potato and soil lump. Machine comprises carcass with lateral sides guarded by metal sheet, inner and outer frames and unit made up of synthetic sorting elements arranged in three planes. Said elements are made of synthetic flat bands or ropes arranged at 4-5° to horizontal axis and secured on tubes. Said elements are fitted on both side of said carcass in seats made up of plates welded to outer frames and driven by two vibrators. The latter are arranged on outer frames on carcass opposite sides. Note here that support rollers are rigidly secured in inner frames to allow soft displacement of frames.

Method of beet tops harvesting with its plant ensilage and technological vehicle for harvesting beet tops / 2457664

Rotor device for mowing and grinding of grass vegetation / 2456792

Invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in machinery for mowing and grinding the potato tops before its digging out. A device for removing the tops of potatoes consists of a reducer attached to the frame of the plow-potato digger, a variator and vertical rotors. Each rotor consists of a shaft mounted in a housing of the bearings. At the lower part of the shaft a working body is placed. At the upper end of the shaft a pulley is mounted for transmitting the rotation from the power-takeoff shaft of the tractor through a V-belt transmission through the variator and a conical reducer. The working body consists of several rows of rigid star-shaped discs with protruding ends where the reels with spools with locking devices are fixedly mounted. On the spools flexible cutting threads are wound.

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Group of inventions relates to the field of agriculture, namely, machines for harvesting root crops. Unit of a machine and their transportation machines for harvesting root crops contain extracting means (17, 19) for extraction of root crops, transportation means (27) for transportation of root crops, and means (23, 21) for real-time maintaining of operating depth of extracting means (17, 19) at the level of the first setting value (E), The transportation means (27) are made movable with respect to extracting means (17, 19), and the unit contains means for real-time maintaining of lifting height of the transportation means (27) at the level of the given second setting value (C) regardless of the means (23, 21) for real-time maintaining of operating depth at the level of the first setting value (E).

Device to separate tuberous roots from admixtures / 2454850

Invention relates to agricultural machine building, in particular, to actuators of tuberous root harvesting machines. A device to separate tuberous roots from admixtures comprises an inclined finger-type conveyor and a tuber baffle in its upper part. The tuber baffle is arranged in the form of a bumper roll installed on a driving shaft and equipped with plates having an elastic coating. Plates are installed perpendicularly relative to the roll axis. The tuber baffle is equipped with a secondary treatment mechanism arranged in the form of a bumper roll with an installed ratchet mechanism to carry out a short-term slippage in process of operation on a drive shaft in a direction opposite to the direction of the drive shaft. On the bumper roll there are separate fixed plates spring-loaded with a clip spring.

$Device for separation of tuberous roots at rotory cup-type fraction$ Device for separation of tuberous roots at rotory cup-type fraction / 2441359

this device includes hoisting mechanism, mesh sorting tools, and its driving gear, as well as cone sorting tools mounted on vertical shaft. The shaft is vertical to a pivot pin of the bladed cylindrical hoisting drum, herewith tool base circumferences intercross with circumference of an open drum inlet. Upper tool inlet is of inverted truncated cone form with removable micromesh wall. Whereas, minor cone base is attached to the upper shaft end by wheel hubs and balance arms for free screening of no-go tuberous root fraction. Cylinder guide neck adjoins to a minor cone base rim. Base down cone with removable coarse mesh wall is mounted under truncated cone at the shaft. Fixed semicylindrical housing is mounted above a cone base edge; this housing passes into a discharge chute raised boss, one end of which is located on a semi-circumference of cone rotation plane, and its free minor end is tilted to a degree of root rolling. There is a fixed cone collector for medium size roots located under the cone base with the discharge chute under it.

Potato harvester / 2440711

Potato harvester comprises plougshares (1, 2), a rotor shaft installed behind the sapping ploughshares in front of the main first bar elevator, the second bar elevator, a sprocket for driving the rotor shaft, traction elements - chains, belts, between which there is a section of the main bar elevator. The rotor shaft is made with square section and is equipped with fixed bent plates made as a continuous line. The extreme tops of the bent plate are arranged along the axis of the ploughshares (1, 2), and the middle top - between ploughshares (1, 2).

Separating device for roots and tubers harvester / 2438289

Device has a sieving elevator and intensifiers of separation set over it in the direction of the pile motion, and made in the form of a set of consecutive driveshafts with working elements attached to them. Working elements are made in the form of spiral elastic bands, which are fastened to the driveshafts discontinuously. At that one ends of the spiral bands are attached to the shafts hingedly, and the other ends of the bands are placed with the ability to move freely along the axis of the shafts.

Clod smasher for potato harvesters / 2416188

Invention relates to agricultural machine building, in particular, to devices for breaking soil clods in potato harvesters. The clod smasher comprises the upper and lower cylindrical balloons with end discs installed with displacement above a receiving conveyor. The balloons are installed on horizontal driving shafts and have an elastic case, inside which there is an elastic open cylinder. Fixation of the lower and upper cylindrical balloons on driving shafts is eccentric. Surfaces of elastic cases are perforated, through them elastic-resilient working elements are pulled - studs - hooks fixed on the surface of the inner open cylinder. The end discs are rigidly joined to each other by means of a roller with end flanges, thus forming a bearing working frame of balloons. The clod smasher is also equipped with two cylindrical drums-activators with elastic-resilient working elements installed on driving shafts above a feed conveyor.

Device for transportation and cleaning of tuberous roots / 2415546

Device comprises cleaning rollers arranged on fixed circular disc around the circle. Rollers consist of bearing discs installed on shaft with hubs and cleaning elements. Cleaning elements are arranged in the form of segments made of elastic material, have tooth-like end part and are fixed by screws to bearing discs. To form a transporting cavity, lines of axes of hubs in bearing discs and shafts arranged as splined are installed eccentrically with smooth change of eccentricity value of each subsequent bearing disc. Adjacent bearing discs are installed on shaft with angular displacement relative to the previous one.

Lump crusher for potato harvesting machine / 2244396

Lump crusher has two balloons, each made in the form of end disks mounted on shaft and elastic closure fixed thereon. Upper balloon is secured on shaft by means of coil springs coaxially positioned for angular and axial displacement relative to shaft. One end of each spring is fixed on drive shaft and other end of each spring is fixed on end disks of balloon. At least upper balloon is coupled to drive shaft by means of spiral coils of end disks.

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture and can be used to provide a method of non-traumatic loading and unloading tuberous roots from harvesting agricultural machines, such as potato harvesters. The method consists in the fact that flexible diaphragms are the first designed and then made as autonomous structures that can be easily mounted and removed from the body of the vehicle or a tractor trolley. The internal cavity of the said diaphragms is filled with air, equipped with a compressor with an air-filter, safety and outflow valve so that it is actuated only at a certain load, and gradually discharges air from the interior cavity of the diaphragm to the complete use of its height. After that, tuberous roots are transported to the warehouse, and there while unloading the similar flexible diaphragms are used, which are mounted first on self-propelled devices. If necessary, they are rolled under the vehicle or a tractor trolley, the products are unloaded in them, transported in to the desired location in the warehouse and placed for long-term storage. To return the flexible diaphragm to its original state the compressor is actuated, air is injected into the diaphragm to actuating the safety valve, and it is provided that the original form of the flexible diaphragm is not convex, but U-shaped.

EFFECT: invention provides an exception of traumatizing tuberous roots during loading and unloading in the vehicles and in the warehouse.

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for bestrustees handling of vegetables and, in particular, of root and tuber crops from the harvesting of agricultural machines, such as potato harvesters, as well as to download similar products in store.

Unknown similar ways, but the need beltramini loading-nagruzki persists and demands the embodiment, since all the existing methods use techniques that lead to injury product, which is then quickly rots and causes irreparable losses.

The way beltramini handling of root and tuber crops is that the first design, and then make an elastic diaphragm as a stand-alone design that can be easily installed and removed from the body of the vehicle or tractor truck, with the inner cavity of these diaphragms is filled with air supply compressor with air filter, safety valve, such that it is triggered only when a certain load and gradually releases the air from the internal cavity of the diaphragm to the full utilization of its height, then the roots are transported to the warehouse and there when unloading use similar elastic diaphragm, which set the first on the mobile device, electric cars, for example, and if necessary wheel under the car or tractor truck, unload the products, they are transported to the desired location in the warehouse and there placed on long-term storage, and for elastic return of the diaphragm to its original state run the compressor pumps air into the diaphragm to the valve, and stipulate that the original form of the elastic diaphragm is not convex and shaped.

All the features of the invention are new and no prototype not found.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that:

- loading and unloading carried out on the elastic diaphragm made as a stand-alone design that can be easily installed and removed from the body of the vehicle or tractor trucks using forklifts including

- the internal cavity of the diaphragms is filled with air supply compressor with air filter, safety valve, such that it is triggered only when a certain load and gradually releases the air from the internal cavity of the diaphragm to the full utilization of its height that allows you to make an economical way, to clearly record modes,

- warehouse of finished products using the same aperture that gives you the opportunity to get estrumate the forge unloading of clubcomplete in warehouses, at tab products for long term storage

- to return the diaphragm in the original sostoqnie start the compressor pumps air into the aperture until the safety valve that prevents a rupture of elastic shell aperture

- stipulate that the original form (referring to the upper part of the diaphragm is not convex and shaped so that the products are not sticking.

An example of the method. On the field work potato harvester, which at some point in time loads harvested potatoes in a waiting car, equipped with a flexible diaphragm mounted in the body. After loading the car arrives at the warehouse where the movable means provided with a similar elastic diaphragms, which can be unloaded to the potatoes, and then the potatoes are placed in storage for long-term storage without modifications.

The way beltramini loading and unloading of root and tuber crops, namely, that first design, and then make an elastic diaphragm as a stand-alone design that can be easily installed and removed from the body of the vehicle or tractor truck, with the inner cavity of these diaphragms is filled with air supply compressor with air filter, safety valve and vypusk the m valve, he works only at a certain load and gradually releases the air from the internal cavity of the diaphragm to the full utilization of its height, then the roots are transported to the warehouse and there when unloading use similar elastic diaphragm, which set the first samoparodijnye devices, such as electric cars, and if necessary wheel under the car or tractor truck, unload the products, they are transported to the desired location in the warehouse and there placed on long-term storage, and for elastic return of the diaphragm to its original state run the compressor pumps air into the diaphragm to the valve, and provided that the source the shape of the elastic diaphragm is not convex and shaped.