The way land reclamation |
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IPC classes for russian patent The way land reclamation (RU 2229780):
 The method of growing potatoes / 2229204
The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to methods for cultivation of seed and ware potatoes in various conditions
 Phytoremediation method of cleaning soil from heavy metals / 2229203
The invention relates to the field of biological treatment of soils contaminated with heavy metals
 A method of increasing seed production of licorice in natural thickets in the lower volga region / 2227970
The invention relates to agriculture and can be used on degraded irrigated lands to create licorice industry seeding and productivity of wild thickets sowing seeds licorice and licorice Ural high productivity in areas of growth, mainly in the South of the Lower Volga region
 The method of growing potatoes / 2226327
The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to methods of growing potatoes
 How viticultural oil-contaminated soils / 2225086
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection and can be used to eliminate the toxic effect of petroleum hydrocarbons on soil and crop plants
 The method of restoring soil fertility / 2224398
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to restore fertility to low productive arable land, contaminated land, erosion-prone slopes
 The method of growing potatoes / 2224397
The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in potato production
 The way to improve old-growth seed grass goat's rue east / 2223622
The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for rejuvenation of old age (older than 7 years) seed grass goat's Rue East
Method for restoration of contaminated soil, ground and water / 2243638
Method involves mechanical removal of excessive contaminants from surface and reducing toxicity of contaminated soil; sowing green manure crops and perennial grasses; preliminarily removing taking soil samples from contaminated surface and separating native contaminant destructors therefrom; after mechanical removal of contaminant from soil surface, providing sequential treatment of plot soil with water-soluble humates and at least double treatment with native contaminant destructors; mellowing soil; applying lime with mineral fertilizers such as saltpeter, double superphosphate and calcium chloride. Green manure crops are sown after application of fertilizers. Method further involves grinding green manure crops, plowing into soil and covering with soil by means of covering roll.
 Method for thermal soil amelioration (versions) / 2244392
Method involves cultivating soil by forming ridges after germination of weedage and providing subsequent cultivation procedures by breaking formerly formed ridges and forming new ridges; providing presowing soil treatment by embedding germinated weedage, stubble and other plant remains axially of ridges and simultaneously introducing microbiological humus-forming preparation; 20-40 days after introducing of humus-forming preparation (according to first version), breaking formerly formed ridges and forming new ones and simultaneously sowing late crops; according to second version, providing sowing of farm crops simultaneously with embedding of germinated weedage and introducing of humus-forming preparation. Methods allow total of active soil temperatures during presowing period to be increased owing to composting effect.
Sandy land reclamation method / 2244393
Method involves applying lime and organic fertilizer into humus-depleted soil, said organic fertilizer being introduced in the form of ground plant remains and/or other forms in an amount of up to 40% the volume of ridges by distributing said fertilizer in furrows between ridges; forming ridges in the course of presowing treatment; applying layer of colmatant providing total volume of at least 20% the volume of pores of formed fertile layer; forming ridges with following breaking of formerly created ridges; embedding organic fertilizer and simultaneously applying biologically active preparation; 30-40 days later, reapplying organic fertilizer; reforming ridges and simultaneously irrigating ground organic with biologically active preparation; sowing seeds of cultured crops.
Method for cultivation of soya for seed under clearly defined continental climate conditions / 2244394
Method involves sowing sorts of soya with different ripening time; simultaneously sowing sorts of soya of at least four different ripening time in adjacent rows, with early ripening sorts being combined with late ripening sorts; setting seeding norm for early ripening sorts of soya in the range of 600,000-650,000 pieces/hectare and for late ripening sorts of soya in the range of 400,000-450,000 pieces/hectare.
Method for protecting of sown wheat crop from complex of pests / 2245010
Method involves forming entomofauna of crop agrocenosis by accumulating pests on restricted territory for creating attracting strips of spring wheat of two sowing periods with break-off time between said periods of five to seven days around winter wheat strips; providing feed stock conveyor system for complex of pests; applying insecticides only on basic winter wheat strips and attracting strips of spring wheat strips, with basic spring wheat strips being excluded from treatment process.
Method for enrichment of soil during cultivation of farm crops / 2246196
Method involves applying alternative organic fertilizer into soil, with alternative organic fertilizer being straw used in an amount of 4.5-5.6 t/hectare and green mass of stubble green manure crop (lupine) used in an amount of 7.9-8.6 t/hectare; plowing-in said organic fertilizer into soil in the autumn.
 Method and apparatus for irrigation during plowing / 2246820
Method involves cutting furrow by means of soil cutting tool; feeding water or liquid fertilizer into furrow and covering furrow. Uniform distribution of fertilizer applied to compound intersected relief is provided by forming web of height smaller than plowing depth by 0.4-0.7 time before supplying of water or liquid fertilizer into open furrow. Apparatus has frame with plow bodies equipped with tine having share and moldboard and fixed on frame. Web forming device mounted on frame behind outer plow body is made in the form of rotor with vertical shaft of rotation and blades for moving soil from ridges of adjacent plowed strips. Apparatus has drive. Rotor drive is kinematically connected and aligned with frame carrier wheel.
 Method and working tool for improving natural licorice undergrowth / 2247478
Method involves mowing and grinding licorice vegetative buds and accompanying plants in association of low-productivity licorice undergrowth by means of haying machines to produce cuttings; while mowing, uniformly distributing ground mass over surface of mown strip; providing marker lines and placing planting material in narrow strips at predetermined spacing, with high-quality cuttings of 4-5 years licorice rootages of 12-18 mm diameter and 18-25 cm length being used as planting material; mellowing strips and cutting inclined slits by means of tillage tool; during advancement of machine, moving planting material into inclined slits; simultaneously with planting of cuttings, providing grooves for receiving of mineral fertilizer in surface of inclined wall of slit by means of slitter tine equipped with tiered cutters made in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds; placing nitrogenous fertilizer at norm of 0.2-0.6 kg/running meter in upper tier and phosphorous fertilizer at norm of 1.3-1.8 kg/running meter in middle tier; introducing into lower layer potash fertilizer at norm of 0.8-1.6 kg/running meter for development of plants at second and third years of life; after introducing of mineral fertilizer and placing of cuttings, compacting mellowed strips above inclined slits by means of ring-lug roller sections. Nozzle of pneumatic pipeline is arranged above each cutter. Each pneumatic pipeline is individually connected with seeding unit for withdrawal from fertilizer box of nitrogenous, phosphorous or potash fertilizer. Seeding units are kinematically connected with supporting wheel. Each pneumatic pipeline of tine-cutter is connected with pressure cavity of high-pressure fan equipped with hydraulic drive.
 Method for cultivation of red clover in clearly defined continental climate / 2248109
Method involves sowing red clover (trifolium pratense L.) and cover crop at optimal time in spring; after harvesting of preceding crop, providing stubble breaking to 0.06-0.08 m depth and ameliorating mellowing to 0.6-0.8 m depth; applying phosphorous-potash fertilizer to provide for 3-4 year life of plants; plowing soil while turning layers by means of bottom-moldboard plows to 0.25-0.27 m depth while fully embedding stubble remains; after deep ameliorating tillage combined with turning of root layer, providing irrigation at the end of September - beginning of October at irrigation rate of 700-900 m3/hectare for keeping pre-irrigation soil moisture threshold; closing moisture feeding in early spring by means of heavy harrows in two tracks transverse to center ridges during moldboard plowing and simultaneously leveling field relief; providing cultivation to 0.05-0.08 m depth for killing cold-resistant weeds by means of A-hoes; providing presowing and postsowing compaction for increasing soil density in seeding layer at 0-10 cm depth; performing interlace sowing in early spring (0.30 m) of cover crop (oats, less commonly barley) at seeding rate of (3.0-3.5)·106 pieces of seeds per 1 hectare (continuous sowing at seeding rate of (8.5-9.5)·106 pieces per hectare to 0.03-0.04 m depth on light soil and 0.02-0.03 m depth on heavy soil for producing of 450-500 plants per 1 m2 at full germination phase, 250-300 plants at spring growing phase of second year of life, 200-220 plants per 1 m2 at spring growing phase of third year of life; providing mineral feeding by applying rated norms of phosphorous-potash fertilizer for stock plowing for three years of utilization of herbage, and applying differentiated doses of nitrous fertilizer for further mowing. Application of up to 100 kg/hectare of nitrogen during growing period at maximal dose of 35 kg/hectare for first mowing provides yield of up to 60 t/hectare of green mass, and application of 130 kg of nitrogen per hectare during growing period at maximal dose of 45 kg/hectare for first mowing provides yield of up to 80 t/hectare of green mass. Yield of 40 t/hectare of green mass is provided at irrigation norm of 850 m3/hectare with minimal period between irrigation procedures of 14-16 days, with total irrigation norm making 3,200-3,400 m3/hectare. Clover is mown at flowering phase. Time between green mass harvesting and irrigation procedures is reduced to 1-3 days. Last mowing procedure is performed 25-30 days before air temperature reaches 00C.
 Method for cultivation of perennial fodder grasses / 2248110
Method involves periodically mowing biomass; irrigating and applying mineral fertilizer in spring at initial grass growing stage and for feeding after each mowing operation; after harvesting of preceding crop, providing pre-plowing irrigation at norm of 300-400 m3/hectare and ameliorating mellowing to 0.4-0.6 m depth; plowing to 0.25-0.27 m depth with turning of soil layer; mellowing top layer by means of cultivators to 0.08-0.012 m depth; leveling microrelief of irrigated field by means of levelers; providing interlace sowing of leguminous crops, such as lucerne and clover, and meadow grass crops, such as meadow fescue and orchard grass, at seeding norm of 4.8·106, 5.4·106, 5.5·106 and 8.1·106 pieces of seed per hectare, respectively, with grass mixtures being composed of two or four crops; keeping seeding depth in the range of 0.02-0.03 and 0.05-0.06 m; maintaining mineral feeding mode by applying phosphorous-potash fertilizer at norm rated for plowing for stock sufficient for 3-4 year usage of herbage; applying nitrous fertilizer in differentiated doses for mowing; applying 60 kg/hectare of nitrous fertilizer at growing period at maximal dose for first mowing of 40 kg/hectare to provide for guaranteed yield of up to 50 t/hectare of green mass; 80 kg/hectare at maximal dose for first mowing of 60 kg/hectare to provide for herbage yield of up to 70 t/hectare of green mass, and 100 kg/hectare at maximal dose of 70 kg/hectare for first mowing to provide for guaranteed yield of grass mixture of up to 90 t/hectare; keeping irrigation mode within the range of 60-80% norm of moisture. Green mass yield of from 50 to 90 t/hectare is provided with total irrigation norm of 2,550-3,250 m3/hectare to 3,600-4,050 m3/hectare. Interval between green mass harvesting and irrigation procedures at growing period is reduced to 2-3 days. Agronomical care involves harrowing of last years crop fields, after mowing of grass for green feed, and in autumn - slitting field of young crop field of second and third years of life of plants to 0.4-0.6 m depth.
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The invention relates to the field of plant production and for the restoration of soil fertility. The way land reclamation involves the softening of the soil to a depth of 0.5-1.2 m without turning the reservoir V-shaped undercuts. Simultaneously with the softening of the soil produce subsurface making unclarified animal waste. Next, perform the crops ameliorants. The subsequent cultivation for culture-ameliorant crops in the rotation is done according to differentially enhance the arable layer of the soil. The method provides for minimum costs in the short term reproduction of soil fertility on the depth of tillage. Furthermore, the method allows to utilize thick livestock effluents and full use of culture-improver in the planned crop rotation. 1 C.p. f-crystals, 1 Il.
The present invention relates to the field of crop production and for the restoration of soil fertility.
There is a method of cultivation of heavy mineral soils, including planting culture with a tap root system, cutting the roots at the bottom gnny boundary layer of silicon-containing fertilizers.with. No. 1442100, USSR, class. AND 01 IN 79/00, 1988, BI No. 45).
The disadvantages of this method is that the cutting of the roots of culture-improver is accompanied by a sharp decrease in its yield, excluding her from the planned crop rotation. Formed new roots are placed above the cutoff and only the following year core roots are rasuplotnenie silicon layer and penetrate into the lower dense layer of soil. To cultivate a significant layer of soil in this way, it takes a long time and repeated tillage with cutting roots. In addition, the silicon-containing fertilizers (slag) improve the physico-mechanical properties of soils (which makes sense on heavy soils), strengthens the roots, but do not nourish plants and of themselves are not involved in microbiological processes in the soil, increasing its fertility.
Closest to the proposed method is a method phytomelioration subsurface soil horizon (U.S. Pat. Of the Russian Federation No. 2152146 AND 01 IN 79/00, BI No. 19, 2000), including the loosening of the arable layer with simultaneous formation in the subsurface layer cracks and filling them in bulk concentrated organic fertilizer, and mishelevka space is seeded with annual or perennial crops with the chorus is e overlap area of the entire field, therefore, use of fertilizers can only those plants whose roots are directly into the cracks, almost only at their expense and the amelioration of the subsoil layer. This process is lengthy, inefficient and expensive.
To eliminate the mentioned disadvantages allows the proposed method of reclamation of land, including loosening of the topsoil, the application of organic fertilizers in the subsurface layer and the planting of perennial crops with well-developed root system, which produce deep (0.5 to 1.2 m) the softening of the soil without turning the reservoir V-shaped undercuts with simultaneous subsurface making unclarified animal waste, and the subsequent cultivation of crops is done according to differentially enhance the arable layer of the soil, while the depth of each subsequent processing 0,05-0,06 m than the last. As culture-improver used mainly perennial legumes.
The method is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a scheme of its implementation.
Deep softening of the soil without turning the reservoir V-shaped undercuts, overlaps the entire area of the reclaimed land, and the enrichment cutoff soil LM is Eloranta on Raspletina and enriched layer soil depth immediately after emergence of seedlings.
The cultivation of long-term (3-4 years) legumes fixing nitrogen from the atmosphere, on the background of the deep loosening of the soil without turning the reservoir and depositing thick animal waste provide a concentrated accumulation in Raspletina layer of soil mineral nutrients and organic matter, increase humus around the treated layer of soil. Decomposition of organic matter is accompanied by the formation of humus, which is the catalyst of structure formation.
Destruction of culture-improver with globalpolicy root system provides subsequent crops the ability to use decaying organic roots culture-predecessor for deeper penetration of their roots, and to accumulate them in batteries.
Enrichment razoblachennogo soil layer concentrated organic and mineral nutrients on the background of irrigation ensures full use of culture-improver in the economy and subsequent crops with a small root system able to generate sustainable high yields through the use of accumulated culture-ameliorant energy potential.
reservoir provide V-shaped rippers with simultaneous application unclarified animal waste in the autumn or in the spring just prior to planting culture-improver, which use alfalfa, Oriental goat's Rue or other perennial legumes with a powerful root system that fixes nitrogen from the atmosphere. The depth of disintegration depends on soil type and economic needs. The introduction of animal waste is done according to the plane of shear of the soil monolith side knives V-Ripper, starting from a depth of 0.05-0.1 m, which ensures sealing and better use of fast release nitrogen compounds contained in them, as well as taking into account environmental constraints. Pre-sowing irrigation is carried out only when the drying of the surface soil layer corresponding to the depth of seeding at the time of sowing culture improver to 0.5 HB. The greatest effect from the use of the proposed method is achieved under rotation. The number of fields of crop rotation is determined by the duration of cultivation culture-improver (3-5 years) and duration of effect saving from the deep loosening of the soil (4-6 years old). Cultivation following the culture-ameliorant crops carried out by the differentially enhance the processing layer of the soil. Each subsequent depth oogo slice of the topsoil illuvial, the more dense layer and to provide the best conditions for penetration of the root system and subsequent crops in the deeper layers of the soil in which culture-improver accumulated incoming energy. The application of the proposed method provides at minimum costs in the short term reproduction of soil fertility on all the digging depth (1.2 m), and also allows to utilize thick livestock effluents and full use of culture-improver in the planned crop rotation.Claims 1. The way land reclamation, including soil cultivation, the application of organic fertilizers in the subsurface layer and sowing culture of reclamation, characterized in that the loosening of the soil is at a depth of 0.5-1.2 m by loosening the soil without turning the reservoir V-shaped undercuts and simultaneous application of organic fertilizers in the form of thick animal waste on the planes of scores, while in the cultivation following the culture-ameliorant crops in crop rotation provide differentiated deepening of primary tillage and depth of each subsequent processing 0,05-0,06 m more PR the new culture.
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