Method and apparatus for irrigation during plowing |
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IPC classes for russian patent Method and apparatus for irrigation during plowing (RU 2246820):
          
 Irrigation apparatus for greenhouses, hot houses and orchard plots / 2246211
Apparatus has accumulating vessel with bottom opening closed with valve, auxiliary vessel, two float valves, one of float valves being adapted for supplying of water into accumulating vessel and other float valve being adapted for cutting-off water supply. Valve floats are arranged in auxiliary vessel disposed below accumulating vessel bottom and connected by means of flexible pipes with hermetically sealed vessels provided with porous bottoms deepened into soil. When water is sucked through porous bottoms into soil, water level in auxiliary vessel is lowered and float valves are opened, with water being delivered into accumulating vessel through one of float valves. When predetermined water level is reached, valve for discharge opening is opened, water is supplied into low-pressure irrigation system and is further delivered through second float valve into auxiliary vessel. As a result, water level in auxiliary vessel is increased to cut-off water supply into accumulating vessel.
 Boom-type sprinkler unit / 2246210
Boom-type sprinkler unit has frame made in the form of three-dimensional construction composed of pipes and mounted on vehicle equipped with pumping unit. Flexible water pipeline with sprinkling apparatuses is secured on frame by means of cables. Flexible water pipeline is made sectioned. Each section has flexible pipeline segment positioned on carrier member made in the form of pair of longitudinal supports having bent C-shaped profile and flat rings at their end portions. Wide strips of pair of bent C-shaped profile are arranged at an angle to horizontal plane and perpendicular to one another. Said profiles define, in conjunction with rings, trough of carrier member. Adjacent carrier members are connected with one another by means of connecting parts through spacer bushings. One, two or three spacer bushings are made in the form of brackets for connecting cable ends to join with frame. Ends of flexible pipeline segments are mutually joined via transition portion made in the form of bushing. Ends of transition member have conical entrance portions. Annular portion formed on transition member surface is joined with ends of adjacent segments and pairs of yokes on their surface. Cable ends joining brackets are equipped with eye ring receiving slots and mounting openings. Diameter of carrier member rings exceeds outer diameter of transition member by 1.5-1.9 times.
 Sprinkler unit / 2246209
Sprinkler unit has frame made in the form of three-dimensional construction comprising pipes mounted on vehicle equipped with pumping station and intake hose. Flexible water supply pipeline with sprinkler apparatuses is fixed on frame by means of cables. Water supply pipeline is made sectioned. Each section has segment and flanges connected with one another by means of carrier member made in the form of bent C-shaped profile or rolled part. Sections are connected with one another through adapter member made in the form of hollow spherical shell with disk arranged in meridian plane and with the help of fastening means. Adapter member is arranged in cavities at inlet end and at outlet end of adjacent segments of flexible water supply pipeline. Fastening means are made in the form of pins inserted into axially aligned openings of flanges and disks. Adapter member disk is connected through cable with frame of three-dimensional construction.
 Drop irrigation apparatus / 2246208
Apparatus has casing equipped with inlet and outlet openings, main float-type regulating members and additional regulating member, said members being located inside casing. Main float-type regulating member is made as biconcave lens formed in spherical layer of waterproof material having density below 1 t/m3. Additional regulating member is made in the form of elastic membrane with central opening. Protrusions made as parts of spherical segments are disposed in casing cavity below inlet opening and above outlet opening. Radius of upper protrusion spherical part is equal to radius of spherical part of biconcave lens. Radius of lower protrusion spherical part is less than radius of spherical part of biconcave lens by value equal to thickness of elastic membrane. Radial channels are formed in apex part of lower protrusion. Apparatus provides for normal operation in the process of drop irrigation with water without preliminary cleaning thereof.
 Dropper / 2246207
Dropper has casing and cover with inlet and outlet branch pipes, respectively, throttle and elastic balancing member with openings. Throttle is made in the form of hollow biconcave lens and positioned in casing cavity above elastic balancing member. Spherical segment-shaped slot is formed in cover body below inlet branch pipe. Radius of spherical part of said slot is equal to radius of throttle lens spherical part. Similar slot is formed in bottom part of casing above inlet branch pipe. Radius of said slot is greater than radius of spherical part of throttle biconcave lens part by value equal to thickness of balancing member. Channels are formed on casing bottom part surface and on slot surface to define spiral branches. Holes are made on peripheral part of elastic balancing member.
 Injector for drop irrigation / 2246206
Injector has water outlet, porous casing with stopper at lower end and replaceable porous member positioned in casing and in stopper. Replaceable porous member is made in the form of parts of cylinder joined to one another with their diametrical surfaces. Channels are formed on cylindrical surface of each cylindrical part. Upon joining of cylindrical parts along cylinder, channels define vertical channels. Cylinder may have one, two or three detachment surfaces. Helical channels are formed on cylindrical parts of replaceable porous member. Helical channel pitches in parts of cylinder to be joined are not multiple one another. Water outlet is equipped with float valve arranged inside water outlet above pressure suppressing chamber. Stopper at lower end of porous casing is equipped with accumulating chamber.
 Method for irrigation in the process of plowing / 2246205
Method involves cutting furrows by means of tillage tool; supplying water or liquid fertilizer into furrow and covering furrow with soil; before plowing, providing deep plowing of field to be irrigated to 1.1-1.4 m depth, with space between adjacent plowing zones being within the range of 1.1-1.4 m; providing direction of tillage during plowing within the range of 15-45 deg with respect to following plowing directions during forming of furrows by means of tillage tool. Water or liquid fertilizer is supplied by flooding or during advancement of mobile unit equipped with vessel for transportation and distribution of said liquids.
 Ameliorative system / 2245616
Ameliorative system has irrigation, water supplying systems and discharge systems, water intake and detachable backwater regulating constructions. Ameliorative system is equipped with flexible collecting tanks-enclosures connected with drainage systems-sedimentation tanks equipped with membranes-type filters and moistener-type filters. Cassette filters are arranged along perimeter of massif to be irrigated to provide for delivery of clean water into water intake. Water supplying systems are furnished with closure system for preventing water evaporation and with metrological analyzers adapted for determining quality of inflow water delivered into water intake and of discharge water.
 Drainage system for peatbog unwatering / 2245180
Drainage system includes a number of water drainage channels with control-and-shutoff valves, manifold with drain lines connected thereto and intercepting channel located above drained peat bed and communicated with water inlet. Intercepting channel is provided with control-and-shutoff means to accumulate surface water flow and to create water reserve. Intercepting channel is connected with manifold head part by means of pipeline having valve gate. Manifold is provided with movable partition. Intercepting channel has antifiltering shield.
 Apparatus for drop irrigation systems / 2243651
Apparatus has cylindrical casing with inlet and outlet openings. Cylindrical casing has threaded covers and body. Valve and elastic cuff are movably positioned inside cavity of cylindrical casing. Apparatus is further equipped with additional cuff. Main and additional cuffs are provided with orifices. Valve is made in the form of concavo-concave lens arranged in spherical belt. Valve is manufactured from material having density smaller than density of water, in particular, valve may be made from cork of 0.2-0.3 t/m3 density. Valve is arranged in casing between cuffs and is adapted for alternating contacting through cuffs with projections oppositely arranged inside casing cavity. Projections are made in the form of spherical segments, with radius of spheres of segments being smaller than radius of spheres of concavo-concave valve lens. Difference between radii of projection sphere and that of spheres of concavo-concave valve lens is equal to thickness of elastic cuffs. Channels on apexes of cover and casing projections are extending in radial direction toward inlet and outlet openings.
Method for enrichment of soil during cultivation of farm crops / 2246196
Method involves applying alternative organic fertilizer into soil, with alternative organic fertilizer being straw used in an amount of 4.5-5.6 t/hectare and green mass of stubble green manure crop (lupine) used in an amount of 7.9-8.6 t/hectare; plowing-in said organic fertilizer into soil in the autumn.
Method for protecting of sown wheat crop from complex of pests / 2245010
Method involves forming entomofauna of crop agrocenosis by accumulating pests on restricted territory for creating attracting strips of spring wheat of two sowing periods with break-off time between said periods of five to seven days around winter wheat strips; providing feed stock conveyor system for complex of pests; applying insecticides only on basic winter wheat strips and attracting strips of spring wheat strips, with basic spring wheat strips being excluded from treatment process.
Method for cultivation of soya for seed under clearly defined continental climate conditions / 2244394
Method involves sowing sorts of soya with different ripening time; simultaneously sowing sorts of soya of at least four different ripening time in adjacent rows, with early ripening sorts being combined with late ripening sorts; setting seeding norm for early ripening sorts of soya in the range of 600,000-650,000 pieces/hectare and for late ripening sorts of soya in the range of 400,000-450,000 pieces/hectare.
Sandy land reclamation method / 2244393
Method involves applying lime and organic fertilizer into humus-depleted soil, said organic fertilizer being introduced in the form of ground plant remains and/or other forms in an amount of up to 40% the volume of ridges by distributing said fertilizer in furrows between ridges; forming ridges in the course of presowing treatment; applying layer of colmatant providing total volume of at least 20% the volume of pores of formed fertile layer; forming ridges with following breaking of formerly created ridges; embedding organic fertilizer and simultaneously applying biologically active preparation; 30-40 days later, reapplying organic fertilizer; reforming ridges and simultaneously irrigating ground organic with biologically active preparation; sowing seeds of cultured crops.
 Method for thermal soil amelioration (versions) / 2244392
Method involves cultivating soil by forming ridges after germination of weedage and providing subsequent cultivation procedures by breaking formerly formed ridges and forming new ridges; providing presowing soil treatment by embedding germinated weedage, stubble and other plant remains axially of ridges and simultaneously introducing microbiological humus-forming preparation; 20-40 days after introducing of humus-forming preparation (according to first version), breaking formerly formed ridges and forming new ones and simultaneously sowing late crops; according to second version, providing sowing of farm crops simultaneously with embedding of germinated weedage and introducing of humus-forming preparation. Methods allow total of active soil temperatures during presowing period to be increased owing to composting effect.
Method for restoration of contaminated soil, ground and water / 2243638
Method involves mechanical removal of excessive contaminants from surface and reducing toxicity of contaminated soil; sowing green manure crops and perennial grasses; preliminarily removing taking soil samples from contaminated surface and separating native contaminant destructors therefrom; after mechanical removal of contaminant from soil surface, providing sequential treatment of plot soil with water-soluble humates and at least double treatment with native contaminant destructors; mellowing soil; applying lime with mineral fertilizers such as saltpeter, double superphosphate and calcium chloride. Green manure crops are sown after application of fertilizers. Method further involves grinding green manure crops, plowing into soil and covering with soil by means of covering roll.
The way of increasing the productivity of degraded rangelands / 2239967
The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to methods of increasing the productivity of natural grassland, overused and degraded pastures
 The method of cultivation of perennial legume crops on irrigated lands in arid zone / 2239966
The invention relates to the field of agriculture, and in particular to methods of cultivation of perennial legume crops on irrigated lands in arid zone
 The method of inoculation of soybean seeds in the soil for arid conditions of the caspian depression / 2238625
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods of planting crops
 The method of direct seeding and device for its implementation / 2238624
The invention relates to the field of agriculture
 Universal hiller-greynetrelated / 2235449
The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering and can be used to care for potatoes grown on ridges
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FIELD: agriculture, in particular, fertilizer irrigation of farm crops with sewage water or liquid fertilizer. SUBSTANCE: method involves cutting furrow by means of soil cutting tool; feeding water or liquid fertilizer into furrow and covering furrow. Uniform distribution of fertilizer applied to compound intersected relief is provided by forming web of height smaller than plowing depth by 0.4-0.7 time before supplying of water or liquid fertilizer into open furrow. Apparatus has frame with plow bodies equipped with tine having share and moldboard and fixed on frame. Web forming device mounted on frame behind outer plow body is made in the form of rotor with vertical shaft of rotation and blades for moving soil from ridges of adjacent plowed strips. Apparatus has drive. Rotor drive is kinematically connected and aligned with frame carrier wheel. EFFECT: uniform distribution of liquid fertilizer applied into soil and equalized plant mass over the entire area of irrigated soil, increased soil fertility and improved ecology control by preventing environment from contamination. 3 cl, 5 dwg
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to techniques to improve the fertility of the land, and aims to prevent pollution and improve the performance of the fertilizer irrigation crops sewage or liquid fertilizers. A known method of irrigation, including the cutting of irrigation and power furrows and supply of water in them, in which, to improve sanitary conditions in wastewater irrigation and improving the uniformity of their entry into the soil, simultaneously with cutting of the irrigation furrows at the bottom of their form mole drains, and supply wastewater perform involuntarily, directly in the above-mentioned drain (SU inventor's certificate No. 829049. Ml3A 01 G 25/00. Irrigation method /Specroscopic, Eielsen, Vmenkov, Mpoto, All, Sentaraille, Lavrenova (USSR). - Application No. 2770953/30-15; Claimed 25.05.1979; Publ. 15.05.1981, bull. No. 18 // Opening. Of the invention. - 1981. No. 18). The disadvantages of the described method of irrigation on difficult terrain include runoff of applied liquid fertilizers in depressions, slopes with the formation of trenches along the furrows, large energy consumption and extended period of time. The closest analogue to the stated object is a method of irrigation of the field, including education furrow soil-forming body, feed it and water and liquid fertilizer and the subsequent closing of the furrow soil, in order to improve the performance and uniformity of liquid distribution in the soil before closing the furrow with soil, plowed in the previous passage is lifted above the plow sole, which serves the water, forcing it out an adjacent furrow. For the implementation of this method provided by the device for irrigation of the field that contains the frame with the plow attached to it housings, each of which has a rack with ploughshares and blade, in order to improve performance it is equipped with a knife rigidly attached to the frame at an acute angle to the horizontal plane and placed before the first in the direction of movement of the blade, across the direction of movement; of the knife edge and the cutting edges of the shares are in the same horizontal plane; width knife is less than the width of the plow on one plough body (SU inventor's certificate No. 1752280. A1 MCL5A 01 G 25/00. The method of irrigation of the field and the device for its implementation/ Abon and Ipekoglu (USSR). - Application No. 4907644/15; Claimed 11.11.1990; Publ. 07.08.1992, bull. No. 29 // Opening. Of the invention. - 1992. No. 29). The disadvantages in terms of the method include the uneven distribution of irrigation water and fertilizer along the length of the open furrows due to imperfections in the technology of fertilizer distribution. The device for implementing the described method is Bladet high energy intensity and low technological and operational reliability. The essence of the claimed invention. Task to be solved by the claimed invention is directed, - improving the reliability of irrigation technology on the open furrows livestock wastewater, irrigation water, dissolved organic fertilizers. The technical result - the exception of soil erosion and runoff fertilizer use in sinks, ravines, valleys and ravines, improving sanitary conditions, improving the uniformity of their entry into the soil. This technical result in part of the method is achieved in that in the known method of watering the field, including education furrow tillage body, feed it water or liquid fertilizer and the subsequent closing of the furrow soil, according to the invention, before giving into the open furrow water or liquid fertilizer in it form a lintel height of 0.4...0.7 times smaller than the depth of plowing. The technical result of the device for irrigation of the field that contains the frame with the plow attached to it housings, each of which has a rack with plow and dump, according to the invention, the frame for the last body mounted device for crafts jumper, made in the form of a rotor with a vertical axis of rotation and blades for feeding the soil of the ridges adjacent plowed p the Los and is equipped with an actuator, combined with the supporting wheel frame. Due to the fact that in an open furrow made jumper with a given step, no redistribution of the applied liquid fertilizer on the surface of the treated field. The invention is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows the plot of plowed fields on difficult terrain made with jumpers in the open while ploughing the furrow, type in the plan. Figure 2 - cross section A-a in figure 1, the cross-combined vertical cross-section plots in fallow fields, open grooves, at least one jumper and rolled away the layers, for example, after the passage of the plow with otvoreno-lemasney buildings. Figure 3 - cross section B-B in figure 1, a longitudinal vertical section of the hole formed adjacent ridges in the open furrow. Figure 4 is a schematic representation of tillage tool with a device for crafts jumpers for irrigation of the field, left side view. Figure 5 is a view in plan. Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed inventions are as follows. The method of irrigation of the field involves the formation of furrows 1 tillage body, feed it to them, process water, or animal waste, liquid or dissolved organic fertilizers and the subsequent closing of the furrow 1 rolled away during a subsequent pass of the layers 2 SMOS is s (see 1). Before giving into the open furrow 1 water or liquid fertilizer in it form the jumper 3. The height “h” jumper 3 0.4...0.7 times less ploughing depth “a” (see figure 2). The vertical wall 4 of the open furrow 1, adjacent crosspieces 3 and rolled away in the previous passage the last layer 2 form a hole 5 (see figure 3). The capacity of the wells 5 fill livestock effluent during continuous movement of the wheeled tractor unit tractor MTZ-80 + septic tank. Flexible sleeve septic tank hangs over the open furrow 1 and sinks blend into the hole 5. Jumper 3 exclude the runoff as the first otvoreno-lemasney surface soil tilling implements layer of soil covers as livestock runoff, and included dissolved mineral or organic fertilizers. In autumn and winter rainfall in rain-fed agriculture or water recharge irrigation in irrigated agriculture are evenly distributed in local areas, spreading out on the surface of plough pans, 6 grooves 1. This achieves a uniform distribution of fertilizer and sanitary application. Device for irrigation of the field (see figure 4 and 5) comprises a frame 7 mounted on it with brackets 8, 9 and 10 for connection with the rods all system row-crop tractor thrust class 3 or 4, plough what arusami 11-16, each of which has a rack 17, the blade 18 and the blade 19. On the frame 7 in the last housing 16 is mounted device 20 for crafts jumper 3. The device 20 is made in the form of a rotor with a vertical axis of rotation with curved and flat blades 21 for supplying the soil of the ridges adjacent ploughed and rolled away layers 2. The device 20 is equipped with an actuator 22, which is kinematically connected and combined with a support wheel 23 of the frame 7 of the device to irrigate the field. The rim of the supporting wheel 23 provided with pokozachene 24. On the hub supporting wheels 23 mounted sprocket 25 chain drive 26. The shaft 27 of the rotor device 20 has a bevel gear 28. Driven sprocket 29 is placed on a horizontal shaft 30. The gear 28 with the rotor mounted on the frame 7 by means of the beam 31. At least on the vertical axis of the rotor is mounted at least one blade 21. The blades 21 on the output shaft 28 posted with the possibility of vertical movement and fixing in position. The step between the ridges 3 in an open furrow 1 change the number of blades 21 on the vertical axis of the rotor and the change gear ratio replaceable sprocket. Device for irrigation of the field works as follows. When the movement described soil tilling implements the latest housing 16 is opened furrow 1, when the moving frame 7 it is parnum wheel 23 through a chain drive 26 is provided in the rotation shaft 27 of the rotor. The blades 21 of the rotor 20 with the crests of the previous layer 2 is separated portion of the soil layer, which is dumped on the surface of plough pans, 6, forming the jumper 3. Povazay 24 on the rim of the supporting wheel 23 to preclude slippage. The step between the ridges 3 set with the slope of the terrain and the amount of applied fertilizers. The method provides a uniform distribution of applied liquid fertilizers and sinks into the soil and the uniformity of the crop throughout the irrigated area. 1. Irrigation method when the plowing, includes the formation of the furrow soil-forming body, feed it water or liquid fertilizer and the subsequent closing of the furrow soil, characterized in that before giving into the open furrow water or liquid fertilizer in it form a lintel height of 0.4...0.7 times less than the depth of plowing. 2. Device for irrigation of the field that contains the frame with the plow attached to it housings, each of which has a rack with plow and blade, characterized in that on the frame after the last body mounted device for crafts jumper, made in the form of a rotor with a vertical axis of rotation and blades for feeding the soil of the ridges adjacent plowed layers and provided with a drive kinematically connected with the supporting wheel frame.
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