A method of increasing seed production of licorice in natural thickets in the lower volga region |
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IPC classes for russian patent A method of increasing seed production of licorice in natural thickets in the lower volga region (RU 2227970):
 
 Metering system / 2227385
The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the seeders for planting adesemowo
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The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines precision planting of seeds of agricultural crops
 The opener for the local application of mineral fertilizers / 2225087
The invention relates to agriculture and is intended for use in the cultivation of tilled crops for local application of mineral fertilizers in the system of primary tillage, when cutting crests and ridges, pre-sowing and top-dressing
 Combined opener / 2224402
The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the combined openers for localization of bulk fertilizers with simultaneous tillage and sowing of grain crops
 The opener / 2224401
The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the coulters seed drills for sowing cereals, legumes and vegetable crops
 Combined single-disc opener / 2223625
The invention relates to the agricultural industry and can be used in seeding machines
 The opener for the subsoil randomly seeding / 2223624
The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely, devices for drills
 Section seeder, cultivator / 2222881
The invention relates to the agricultural industry and can be used for planting and cultivating row crops
 Pneumatic sowing machine / 2222134
The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines for sowing seeds of agricultural crops
 The method of growing potatoes / 2226327
The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to methods of growing potatoes
 How viticultural oil-contaminated soils / 2225086
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection and can be used to eliminate the toxic effect of petroleum hydrocarbons on soil and crop plants
 The method of restoring soil fertility / 2224398
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to restore fertility to low productive arable land, contaminated land, erosion-prone slopes
 The method of growing potatoes / 2224397
The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in potato production
 The way to improve old-growth seed grass goat's rue east / 2223622
The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for rejuvenation of old age (older than 7 years) seed grass goat's Rue East
 The method of disposal of excess activated sludge biological treatment facilities of petrochemical companies / 2223236
The invention relates to the protection of the environment and can be used in oil refining and oil industry and land reclamation and landfill of industrial waste
Method of leaching of saline soils / 2222182
The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for desalinization of saline soils
Method for restoration of contaminated soil, ground and water / 2243638
Method involves mechanical removal of excessive contaminants from surface and reducing toxicity of contaminated soil; sowing green manure crops and perennial grasses; preliminarily removing taking soil samples from contaminated surface and separating native contaminant destructors therefrom; after mechanical removal of contaminant from soil surface, providing sequential treatment of plot soil with water-soluble humates and at least double treatment with native contaminant destructors; mellowing soil; applying lime with mineral fertilizers such as saltpeter, double superphosphate and calcium chloride. Green manure crops are sown after application of fertilizers. Method further involves grinding green manure crops, plowing into soil and covering with soil by means of covering roll.
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Usage: in agriculture and can be used to create licorice plantations on degraded irrigated lands to create licorice industry seed sowing and increase the productivity of wild thickets sowing seeds licorice and licorice Ural high productivity in areas of growth, mainly in the South of the Lower Volga region. The inventive method enables the collection of beans and threshing. In wild thickets licorice Agostinho, estuary and riparian ecotypes in early spring by milling to a depth of 3.5...6.5 cm in strips of a width up to 2 m suppress competing grasses culture and destroy vegetative shoots, stubble and mortmass licorice. In the bands seeded honey legumes, mainly varieties of white clover, red clover, alfalfa singireddy, ledvina cattle and other Cleaning lead to reservations between the strips by cutting shoots licorice and oczekiwanie beans. Separated from the stems beans are dried and are threshed in a stationary threshing machines. The dried seeds are calibrated by size and weight and Packed in corrugated packaging weight from 5 to 25 kg on request of the customer. Vegetative mass after Scalia. The width of the milled bands perform multiple width seeders. The width of zones and reservations set equal to or multiple of the width of the reapers combine harvesters. Normalized width- 1,8; 2,6; 3,2; 4,1; 5,0 and 6.0 m In populated strips with honey cultures inhabit pollinators of flowers licorice, preferably wild bees, leaf - cutting ants. 3 C.p. f-crystals, 2 ill., 1 PL.
The invention relates to agriculture and can be used on degraded irrigated lands to create licorice industry seeding and productivity of wild thickets sowing seeds licorice and licorice Ural high productivity in areas of growth, mainly in the South of the Lower Volga region.
There is a method of cultivation of fodder crops, including planting more components in the mixed sowing parallel alternating rows in a pure form, with the use of leguminous and cereal crops and machinery cleaning at an angle to the direction of sowing, which in early spring steam box create reservation legumes in the form of broad bands, which alternate with steam zones, the width of which is equal to or a multiple of the width C is to the direction of the subsequent planting alternating rows of cereals and legumes, sown after the first cut on the seeds of legumes in the preserve on stubble background and machinery cleaning multicomponent mixtures is carried out in the next year by cutting perpendicular to the direction of sowing of cereals and legumes in pure form (RU, patent No. 2083068 C1 IPC6AND 01 IN 79/00, AND 01 WITH 7/00. The method of cultivation of fodder crops. /I. P. Kruzhilin, T. M. Dronov, A. M. Caldew (RU). - application No. 94035248/13; Claimed 21.09.1994,; publ. 10.07.1997,, bull. No. 19).
The disadvantages of this method applied to solve our problem include low crop yield due to the lack of pollinators. On the irrigated plots should be in the flowering alfalfa (clover) imported domestic bees hives, or mixed, rain-fed areas settled wild bees - listorezy.
There is a method of increasing seed production of licorice in natural thickets in the Lower Volga region, including the collection of beans and their threshing, in which the productivity of the seed associated with the active sun (see C. F. Mamin. On seed productivity of licorice in natural thickets in the Lower Volga region. Issues of seed production and breeding of irrigated crops. /Sat. scientific papers. //Ed. Nr.: I. Ii. Kruzhilin (resp. ed adopted as naiblizhajshee equivalent.
We conducted field studies of seed productivity of licorice dead ecotype on light chestnut soils in OPH "Irrigated" SSI-Russian research Institute of irrigated agriculture in the period from 1994 to 2002 (along the ship Volgo-don canal. C. I. Lenin) does not give grounds to consider the influence of the sun in the region of the Lower Volga region on the yield of seeds and fullness seeds beans
Lots of licorice, which is in close proximity to irrigated fields with perennial forage crops, particularly alfalfa varieties VNIIS-16, showed the greatest number of ripe beans from true seeds. Pollinator flowers licorice are not only ants, but wild bees - listorezy. Only the number of native pollinators determines the number of aborted beans licorice.
The invention consists in the following.
The problem to which the invention is directed, is the higher seed yields licorice in natural thickets of licorice in the Lower Volga region.
The technical result is input to the rotation of degraded former irrigated soils, bargain the old cultivated lands and drained meadows and pastures carrying filicudi, which are of great economic value and how wonderful fodder leguminous crop like licorice raw materials for a number of major industries.
This technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of increasing seed production of licorice in natural thickets in the Lower Volga region, including the collection of beans and their threshing, according to the invention, in wild thickets licorice dry estuary and riparian ecotypes in early spring by milling to a depth of 3.5...6.5 cm in strips of a width up to 2 m, suppress competing grasses culture and destroy vegetative shoots and stubble with mortmass licorice, strips seeded honey legumes, mainly varieties of white clover, red clover, alfalfa singireddy, ladvenu horned and others, cleaning is carried out in the reservations between the strips by cutting shoots licorice and oczekiwanie beans are separated from the stalks dried beans and are threshed in a stationary threshing machines, vegetative mass is crushed and spread on the surface of the beveled strip; width milled bands perform multiple width seeders; width zones of the reservations set equal to or a multiple of the Ah with honey cultures inhabit pollinators of flowers licorice, preferably wild bees, leaf - cutting ants.
Due to the fact that in wild thickets of licorice (Glycyrrhiza Ural) perform strips with honey crops and settle their wild bees, leaf - cutting ants, achieved the above technical result.
The invention is illustrated by drawings.
In Fig.1 shows a section of wild thickets licorice dead ecotype made with strips for planting honey legumes, view in plan; Fig.2 - the same, at the time of harvest beans mowing the vegetative shoots and oczekiwanie inflorescences, type in the plan.
Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention, is as follows.
In early spring the new vegetative shoots, stems of previous years licorice with concomitant Association of wild plants, mortmass and stubble to stubble-field study of wild thickets 1 licorice milling to a depth of 3.5...6.5cm in the bands 2 width up to 2 m suppress competing grasses culture growing under the canopy of licorice. When milling the top layer destroy vegetative shoots, and stubble with mortmass and the top layer of soil is crushed. This creates on the surface of the two-meter posessive. Milling lead Assembly including a tractor-class traction 1,4 MTZ-80 and attached equipment FBN-2,0.
In the bands 2 seeded honey legumes, mainly varieties of white clover, red clover, alfalfa singireddy, Lagonda cattle and other bands are sitting drill SN-16 16 PM openers. Seeds are sown at a depth of 2.5...3.5 cm rate of 5-6 kg/ha After planting topsoil in the bands 2 is rolled single roller 3 KCS-6A with a width of 2 meters Described legumes belong to perennials. The width of the milled strips performs multiple of the width of seeders. When milling the strips 2 in wild thickets 1 cultivator CPK-3,6 sowing lead drill NWS-3.6V. In the seeded strips in their good growth honey crops occupy pollinators of flowers licorice. The best effect pollination of flowers licorice give wild bees - listorezy.
The licorice flowers small, lotosnye in spicate branches, pale purple or lilac. The fruit is a pod, smooth or glandular-hairy squeezed from the sides. Blossoms licorice in June-July.
Racemose inflorescences of Ural licorice is usually shorter than the leaf, and on the bosom of which they have samoilys. The total length of the peduncle - 8-12 cm, rejoce or in small groups (spiral) at the end of the peduncle. The inflorescence is dense enough and have the form of cylinders up to 3-4 cm wide and up to 7-8 cm in length. On average inflorescence usually has 20-30 flowers. And favorable for the growth of years, sometimes up to 60-70 flowers. The number of inflorescences and their value depends on the overall development of the stem. The complex generative stems number of inflorescences rarely more than 30, and simple - no more than 14.
Beans licorice Ural linear-oblong, up to 4 cm long and 0.5-0.6 cm wide. Beans Crescent-shaped, wavy curled and twisted into a ball. Wall Bob lined setae. The maximum number of beans on one inflorescence 25-30, on average, no more than 5.
Plodovitoye generative stems not more than 20% for each 12. Seeds in the bean maximum 8, average of no more than 3. Seeds of Ural licorice larger than licorice (4-5 mm long and 3-4 mm wide). Seeds by color dark brown and olive tones. 1000 seeds weigh 9,03, the Absolute number of seeds thickets of Ural licorice approximately 400-500 thousand pieces on 1 hectare In the mass ratio of the yield of full seeds without pollination ranges from 3.5 to 4.5 kg per 1 ha, and pollinators to 12.8 kg
Seeds of Ural licorice have no post-harvest ripening period. When injected into blahop the CGS beans licorice lead to reservations 3 between the bars 2 mowing naked shoots in late September - the first decade of October and sceam beans. Cleaning are either converted forage harvesters KS-1,8; KS-2,6; or converted forage harvesters E 301, Polesie, etc. or combine harvesters on a high cut SC-5M "Niva", "Siberian", "ear", "don", "Yenisei", etc. Separated oczekiwanie devices stems from the beans are dried in rotary dryers and grain are threshed in a stationary, often in laboratory threshing machines with electric drive. Threshed seeds on the sieves are calibrated, stariway bags weighing up to 50 kg Vegetative mass when mowing and tow beans are crushed and sent to the reservations 3 on the surface of the beveled strip. The width of the zones reservations 3 set equal to or multiple of the width of the reapers combine harvesters 4, mainly in the ranges 1,8; 2,6; 3,2; 4,1; 5,0; 6,0 M. This excludes damage to nesting wild bees listorezy, soil compaction and oppression legumes honey crops in strips 2. The results obtained in the period from 1994 to 2001 is given in the table.
Claims 1. A method of increasing seed production of licorice in natural thickets in the Lower Volga region, Ulyanova and riparian ecotypes in early spring by milling to a depth of 3.5...6.5 cm in strips of a width up to 2 m suppress competing grasses culture and destroy vegetative shoots and stubble with mortmass licorice, in the bands seeded honey legumes, mainly varieties of white clover, red clover, alfalfa singireddy, Lotus horned and others, cleaning lead to reservations between the strips by cutting shoots licorice and oczekiwanie beans are separated from the stalks dried beans and are threshed in a stationary threshing machines, vegetative mass is crushed and spread on the surface of the beveled strip. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the width of the milled bands perform multiple width seeders. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the width of the zones reservations set equal to or multiple of the width of the reapers combine harvesters, mostly in the ranges 1,8; 2,6; 3,2; 4,1; 5,0; 6,0 m 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that in the seeded strips with honey cultures inhabit pollinators of flowers licorice, preferably wild bees, leaf-cutting ants.
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