The method of harvesting plants, mainly licorice grown in flooded floodplains along small creeks and taloga |
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IPC classes for russian patent The method of harvesting plants, mainly licorice grown in flooded floodplains along small creeks and taloga (RU 2123251):
  
 The method of harvesting the roots of licorice and machine for its implementation / 2123250
The invention relates to agriculture and the agricultural industry, in particular to methods of cleaning of licorice roots as raw material for tobacco, perfume and food industries, Pharmacopoeia and clinical pharmacology, technical raw materials when creating foam components for the drilling of deep and ultra-deep wells in oil and gas, fire extinguishers, metallurgical industry, etc
 The production method of licorice roots / 2118484
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods of extraction plant roots, used mainly in the production of vegetative propagated crops, such as licorice
The method of harvesting the roots of plants / 2116023
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to a method of cleaning the roots of plants such as licorice
 The method of harvesting potatoes / 2062015
 Method two-phase harvesting crops / 2040148
The method of harvesting of root and tuber crops / 2032311
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the cleaning of root and tuber crops, such as potatoes
 The method of harvesting root crops / 2028752
 Method and apparatus for extraction of deep-rootage medicinal plants, including licorice, growing on abandoned, dried out hard and stony soil / 2247483
Method involves cutting surface layer of soil and forming narrow slits to 60-70 cm depth; during slitting, forming water-accumulating channels of different depth and supplying water therein at flow rate of 5-25 l/s; on expiration of 2-3 days, providing digging and extracting rootages. Apparatus has frame mounted on supporting wheels and provided with vertical knives. One knife is positioned in mid portion of frame. Two other knives are positioned at ends of additional beams. Each of vertical knives is made flat, with concave curvilinear cutting edge and chisel at lower end. Soil deforming device with gauged heads is positioned at rear cut of knives. Heads are communicated with pull-type vessel via channels formed in knives bodies and via flexible hoses. Water is supplied from vessel via gauged heads into vertical channels and water-accumulating channels. During 2-3 days water moistens and softens soil to allow simplified extraction of rootages.
 Method and machine for extracting of root mass of deep-descending rootstock weeds, preferably licorice roots and rootstocks / 2251248
Method involves preliminarily plowing root layer by deep cutting of soil layer without turning and deformation thereof by means of, preferably, flat U-shaped working tool; separating soil and separating rootstocks and roots during second passage along track of previous working tool by lifting undercut layer with the help of inclined lifters and by providing periodic impacts upon lifted layer from the bottom to the top by means of teeth of rotating rotor, with following moving of licorice roots and rootstocks onto surface of tilled soil strip and of soil aggregates and ground to the initial position; providing soil strip of 1.9-2.2 m width by rotavating soil top layer to 0.03-0.06 m depth; cutting 1.1-1.3 m wide and 0.45-0.65 m deep soil layer at one edge of tilled strip; during lifting of undercut layer and deformation thereof, separating root layer into small-sized and large-sized soil aggregates and root mass; laying extracted and separated roots and rootstocks onto remaining part of tilled strip; simultaneously covering surface of undercut layer having soil aggregates moved to the initial position. Machine has frame, separator with inclined lifters, and rotor positioned behind inclined lifters and equipped with drive having teeth with framed working edges. Machine is further provided with vibrating screen mounted behind rotor, and tray for laying licorice roots and rootstocks at the side of frame. Each lifter is mounted on transverse beam of frame and is equipped with chisel positioned on its lower part. Front face of lifter is made flat, with different angles of inclination with respect to horizontal plane.
 Method of harvesting and post harvesting processing of tuberous roots / 2362294
Method involves digging the tuberous root layer and removal of foreign objects. The harvest is temporarily stored in a detachable storage bin of a harvesting machine. The harvest is then transported in the same storage bin from the field to a point for post harvesting processing, where the product is unloaded, the tuberous roots are cleaned and sorted into fractions of its packaging for storage.
 Tuberous roots transportation and cleaning method / 2400048
Invention is intended to provide for quality and effective tuberous roots cleanup of soil. The method involves delivery of a tuberous roots heap to cleaning working tools and their interaction with the elements of the cleaning working tools represented by brushes as well as further unloading. The brushes perform clean off soil with cylindrical springs. The spring is positioned parallel to the brushes axle that performs longitudinal alternate/reciprocal vibratory motion along the brushes axle so that to enable the spring self-cleaning.
 Method of mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots and machine system of its implementation / 2446668
Method of mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, including digging of ridge of tuberous roots layer, its transportation with detaching of tuberous roots from the soil impurities of the layer by separation, download and accumulation of tuberous roots in the replaceable trailing hopper, transportation in it of tuberous roots to the line of post-harvesting processing, separation of the remaining impurities from the tuberous roots, their sorting into factions, and shipping. Before digging of the ridge the tops are removed, the ridge of the tuberous roots layer is pinched by figured wheel finders, covered from the sides by the cut-off wheels of the flat plowshare, and then it is digged out with a flat plowshare; root crops are transported to the clod table of the tuberous roots harvester, on which root crops are sorted out and uniformly loaded into the harvester reserve replaceable trailing hopper on wheels mounted on the tuberous roots, made with the drive bottom-conveyor and the cascade device with absorber of speed of descent of tuberous roots, the bottom of which communicates with a replaceable trailing hopper, made with a drive bottom-conveyor and the tail board, with the drive wheels of the reserve replaceable trailing hopper are mounted in one longitudinal plane with the harvester wheels; after transportation of tuberous roots to the line of post-harvesting processing the discharge of the end bottom-conveyor of the replaceable trailing hopper is installed with an overlap and a minimum difference over the receiving conveyor of the line of post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, the tail board of the replaceable trailing hopper is raised and by the turned on drive bottom-conveyor from the electric motor tuberous roots are overloaded on the conveyor of the line of post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, and when filling the replaceable trailing hopper during the accumulation of tuberous roots the filled replaceable trailing hopper is disconnected, the empty replaceable trailing hopper is attached and tuberous roots are loaded into it from the reserve replaceable trailing hopper. A system for mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots containing sequentially located tuberous roots harvester equipped with a reserve replaceable trailing hopper and interacting with the means of transportation of tuberous roots to the line for their post-harvesting processing, made in the form of a replaceable trailing hopper. Digging working bodies in the harvester are made in the form of a ploughshare with cut-off discs, located behind the crimping figured wheel finders and replaceable trailing hopper is made provided with a liftgate and is equipped with a drive from hydraulic system or a electric motor of a harvester and the harvester wheels and the wheels of reserve replaceable trailing hopper are made with the possibility of synchronous rotation, and are located in the same longitudinal plane.
 Root crops harvesting machine / 2447644
Invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in machines for harvesting root crops. The root crops harvesting machine comprises a main frame, the rack with a lift device fixed on it, root-taking discs, two beaters and a screw cleaner. The cleaner is designed as two successively mounted sets, each of which consists of two screws, a roll and a support bracket. Over the second screw of the front set a spring-loaded guide in the form of a gear wall is mounted.
 Method of beet tops harvesting with its plant ensilage and technological vehicle for harvesting beet tops / 2457664
Invention relates to a group of agriculture. Method of harvesting beet tops with its ensilage involves cutting the tops with the top of the root, cleaning piles of the tops from impurities of soil, and loading the tops to the technological vehicle constantly moving between rows of sugar beet with uncut tops on the unharvested side next to the top harvester. After loading the tops are transported to a place of ensilage, followed by unloading by placing in a surface clamp by the layer on top of previously laid layers, with the tops are placed on the previous layer in the surface clamp by throwing it from the tailgate of a technological vehicle body, made in the form of carrier-thrower. The technological vehicle for harvesting beet tops contains a wheeled chassis, body with sideboards hingedly connected to the chassis frame, and hydraulic cylinder of its tilting for unloading, mounted hingedly between the chassis frame and the bodywork. The rear side of the body is designed as a carrier-thrower, the chassis wheels of which are made fit into beet inter-row spacings on width and track and arranged in two traces on the same track, which coincides with the track of the towing tractor. Part of wheels of them are made of pivoted flap type and mounted on lever suspensions, and the chassis frame is equipped with a trailer needle and is adapted to connect to the tractor through its hitch attachment according to the scheme of the semitrailer.
Method of non-traumatic loading-unloading of tuberous roots / 2464767
Invention relates to agriculture and can be used to provide a method of non-traumatic loading and unloading tuberous roots from harvesting agricultural machines, such as potato harvesters. The method consists in the fact that flexible diaphragms are the first designed and then made as autonomous structures that can be easily mounted and removed from the body of the vehicle or a tractor trolley. The internal cavity of the said diaphragms is filled with air, equipped with a compressor with an air-filter, safety and outflow valve so that it is actuated only at a certain load, and gradually discharges air from the interior cavity of the diaphragm to the complete use of its height. After that, tuberous roots are transported to the warehouse, and there while unloading the similar flexible diaphragms are used, which are mounted first on self-propelled devices. If necessary, they are rolled under the vehicle or a tractor trolley, the products are unloaded in them, transported in to the desired location in the warehouse and placed for long-term storage. To return the flexible diaphragm to its original state the compressor is actuated, air is injected into the diaphragm to actuating the safety valve, and it is provided that the original form of the flexible diaphragm is not convex, but U-shaped.
 Flexible diaphragm / 2465186
Diaphragm for non-traumatic handling of tuberous roots consists of base and frame (1), made as rectangular rigid spatial bar structure with double bottom (2). Walls are made solid and rigidly mounted on bars of base or frame (1). Inside the frame, flexible diaphragm (4) is attached to bottom with possibility to be filled with air from common compressor (5) with control panel (6). To side walls of the frame (1), flexible belt (7) having width equal to diaphragm (4) length is rigidly attached. Near bottom this belt forms narrow loop (8) and passes upwards without being rigidly attached to diaphragm (4) material. At the top, the belt (7) is rigidly attached to diaphragm (4) material and can be made of polyurethane foam or in combination. Profile of diaphragm (4) when being filled with air forms trough shape. At the top of front wall, pneumatic chute is rigidly attached being possible to fold and unfold depending on feeding or removing air to/from it. The chute is made of flexible material, and its outer surface is covered with polyurethane foam. From below, along centerline near the front wall pneumatic cylinder with air stock under pressure of 100-150 MPa inside the cylinder is attached. The cylinder has drain valve and exhaust valve. Cross profile of the chute is trough-shaped. From below of the chute, horizontal rectangular concavity is formed where horizontal rigid link (9) is stretched. Its one end is pivotally attached to the front wall of the said concavity, and the second end is rigidly connected with tape-coil spring. There can be several such devices installed along a wall with equal pitch.
 Method of loader-cleaner of root crops and unit for its implementation / 2471334
Group of inventions can be used for cleaning and loading of sugar beet from the field pile into the vehicle. The method of operation of the unit as a part of the tractor and the loader-cleaner of root crops includes periods of presence of the loader-cleaner at the field pile of root crops waiting for the arrival of the vehicle for removal of root crops and periods of operation of the loader-cleaner on arrival of the next vehicle. The root crops, soil impurities, and crop residues are taken from the field pile by the loader-cleaner and sent to the cleaning units. They are then partially purified by movement to the loading elevator, and then loaded into the back of the vehicle. During the periods of presence of the loader-cleaner at the field pile of root crops waiting for the arrival of the vehicle, the root crops and soil impurities are taken from the field pile by the loader-cleaner and sent to the cleaning units, cleaned from impurities and moved to the cross conveyor which places a pile of root crops with the remaining impurities in the new field pile on the opposite side from the loading elevator. Upon arrival of the vehicle the cleaned root crops and remaining impurities are taken from the new field pile, re-cleaned and moved to the loading elevator which loads twice cleaned pile of root crops with reduced remaining impurities in the back of the vehicle.
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(57) Abstract: The invention is intended for cleaning of the roots of plants and can be used mainly for cleaning vegetative propagated crops, such as licorice. Conduct cutting the upper part of the roots and rhizomes to remove Karabash, podkapyvanii and retrieval of conditioned their fractions of soil. Cleaning the roots perform strips and place them between the raw areas with natural grass. While cleaning strips hold at an angle to the direction of water flow during floods. The application of this method can improve the performance of the unit and to exclude water erosion during spring floods in flood-prone areas. 2 C.p. f-crystals, 2 ill., table 1. The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to a method of cleaning the roots of plants used primarily for cleaning vegetative propagated crops, such as liquorice. A known method of harvesting the roots of plants, mainly liquorice, including cutting the surface layer of the soil with root tails and Karabash, moving it into a harvested field and furrow, podkapyvanii and removing khushii working bodies and the secondary separation, in order to improve the reproduction of licorice after the initial separation of the soil in the furrow the surface layer of soil with root tails and Karabash move in the furrow, and the secondary separation is carried out in the furrow after you move it above the surface layer of the soil with root tails and Karabash (see USSR author's certificate N 1706438, class A 01 D 25/02, A 01 D 91/02. The method of harvesting the roots of plants and the device for its implementation //Y. S. Bondarenko, I. M. Archer. Declared 22.12.89. Published 23.01.92). The obstacles to achieve the desired technical result when using the known method is the destruction of the fertile layer of the flow of water when the river floods in the floodplain, Erykah and taloga. It is well known that most biological productivity of the roots of the liquorice is achieved in flood-prone areas. Our instrumental studies revealed that biological yield of roots of licorice in the floodplain of the river Volga to Astrakhan, 60...65 t/ha conforming roots. The greatest number of licorice roots have arrays natural thickets along the channels, talugu and on low terraces. Machine technology predusmotrit to soil erosion in the bands in the extraction of roots in the described manner. There is also known a method of harvesting the roots of plants, mainly liquorice, including mowing aboveground parts of the plant, cutting the surface layer with root tails and Karabash, move it to a removed area of the field, podkapyvanii and removing the roots from the soil in which the purpose of a more complete cleaning of the roots and improve the reproducibility of licorice before mixing of the surface soil layer to the cleaned area of the field open furrow with soil roll, then in the furrow laid topsoil, compacted it and cover with a layer of soil, destroying soil swath; to better seal the surface layer of soil before moving cut into pieces (see USSR author's certificate N 1184470, class A 01 D 91/02. The method of harvesting the roots of plants //J. S. Bondarenko, V. A. woodpeckers. Declared 26.04.84. Published 15.10.85). In this way part of Karabash covered with soil and compacted. However, these measures are not enough to eliminate soil erosion in the extraction of licorice roots in flooded floodplains. When harvesting roots of licorice described by way of the most high soil erosion by water. With each hectare is washed from 8 to 12 tons of soil. N the harvesting of the roots of plants, mainly liquorice, including trimming the upper part of the roots, podkapyvanii and retrieval of conditioned their fractions of land, in order to prevent wind erosion and desiccation of the soil cutting the upper part of the roots performs by removing the surface layer of the earth that move without wrapping on the removed part of the field (see USSR author's certificate N 904563, class A 01 D 91/02. The method of harvesting the roots of plants //J. S. Bondarenko, I. P. Mychko. Declared 20.08.80. Published 15.02.82). This method we have adopted for the prototype. The obstacles to achieve the desired technical result when using the known method, taken as a prototype, is insufficient protection removed areas from water erosion. The invention consists in the following. Task to be solved by the claimed invention is directed, increased productivity and reduction processes of water erosion on Solodkova areas in the floodplain after harvesting, the roots of the licorice. The technical result, which can be obtained by carrying out the invention, the enhancement of the performance of the unit and the exclusion of water erosion during spring floods on satpam, in a certain way mechanical harvesting of the roots of plants, mainly liquorice growing in floodplains along small creeks and taloga, including trimming the upper part of the roots and rhizomes to remove Karabash, podkapyvanii and retrieval of conditioned their fractions of soil, cleaning the roots perform strips and place them between the untreated areas, while cleaning strips is performed under an angle to the direction of the current of water at the flood; the width of the removed strips refers to the width of the untreated zones as 1 : 1... 3; a preferred value for the angle between the direction of the current of the water and remove the strips is in the range from 30 to 60o. Due to the fact that the band with the selected licorice roots is placed between untreated areas as buffers and cleaning strips hold at an angle to the direction of water flow when the flood reached the above technical result. Conducted by the applicant's analysis of the level of equipment and technology, including searching by the patent and scientific and technical information sources and identify sources that contain information about the equivalents of the claimed invention, has allowed to establish that the applicant is not detected similar, characterized by principiality meets the requirement of "novelty" by applicable law. To verify compliance of the claimed invention to the requirement of "inventive step", the applicant conducted an additional search of the known solutions in order to identify characteristics that match the distinctive features of the prototype of the characteristics of the claimed invention, the results of which show that the claimed invention is not necessary for the expert in the obvious way from the prior art and technologies, because of the level of equipment and technologies defined by the applicant, not identified impact provided the essential features of the claimed invention transformations to achieve a technical result. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "inventive step according to the current legislation". The invention is illustrated by drawings. In Fig. 1 shows phytocenotic profile "Erik - the thalweg - mane" in the floodplain of the Delta of the Volga river (Astrakhan region, Narimanov district, S. Raznochinovka). In Fig. 2 is a view As in Fig. 2, lane technology of cleaning of licorice roots in wild associations thalweg along one of the channels of the river Volga. Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention, bookmark the machines together with stems of vegetation. At lower relative humidity stems up to 20...24% raked in rollers and finally dried to a moisture content of 15...17%. Rolls of hay together with stems of licorice remove, or in the stacks and placed in ometi (ricks), or pressed into bales and taken to sinkronisasi near farms cattle and sheep. Choose sites with strongly developed root system licorice, usually between mane 3 along Erik 2 and mane 4 low terraces 5. Level 6 water during the spring floods reaches a slope of 7 low terraces 5. Due to this melt water is filled in the space between the mane 3 and mane 4. Channel thalweg 8 is filled with water only during the spring flood. Decreasing water discharge from the river the water level in the river 8 is reduced to the level of 9. Water rapidly penetrates into the layer of soil. Due to the large surface (water surface) is intensive evaporation. After gathering a large water soil moisture and soil is reduced to 40...45% and begins an intensive growth of above-ground shoots 1, reaching the floodplain R. Wolves in the Astrakhan region to 2.2 m and above. The average height above ground shoots varies from 1.17 to 1,83 m at an angle to the direction of flow of flood waters (see Fig. 2) special unit comprised of a wheeled tractor MTZ-8 cut the non-tradable part of licorice roots. The non-tradable part licorice are stubble (part of the aerial shoots) and the upper part of the root with axillary buds (Karabash). On this same trail moves the second unit including a tractor DT-75 m with mounted machine for the production of licorice roots MDK-1,1. When driving the tractor operating parts of the machine cut the layer of soil with the roots of licorice, it intensively crumble, extract roots, rhizomes and leave them on the surface of the strip 10. After drying of the root mass from the surface of the strip 10 the roots and rhizomes of licorice remove the pick-up buddy, licorice root in the unit with the tractor MTZ-80/82. The collected roots they are loaded into a tractor trailer truck DOG-12B and transported to the point of cleaning, dosushki and pressing of licorice roots into bales. Strip 10 has a width of 1.1 m Strip 10 from each other separated by untreated areas 11. Zone 11 have multiples of an amount equal to or in two to three times greater than the width of the treated band 10. After harvesting, the roots and rhizomes of licorice surface of the strip 10 is rolled by rollers (or smooth water-filled type SKUG-1,4, or ringed-using a large diameter spur SCCS-6A). Rollers mutually and with the tractor MTZ-80/82 connected in serial number. This achieves the required density of the soil layer (0-10 see table the OS 10, equal to 1.1 m, and untreated zones 11, and the width, respectively, 1,1; 2,2 and 3,3 m as control data on the performance of the tractor unit on the digging of roots (ha/h) and the number of extracted root (t/h) with continuous cleaning of the root zone of the soil horizon. The table shows that with increasing values of the angle decreases the performance of the cleaning unit, but increases the number of erosion-prone soil particles in the layer of 0-10 cm and volume of removed soil next spring. The optimum value of the angle must be within 30...60othat contributes most to the extraction of the root mass and does not lead to deterioration of ecological conditions in flood-prone areas and floodplains. The invention allows in terms of the alluvial floodplains to carry out environmentally safe industrial preparation of licorice roots. Within two to three years to recover the initial stocks of licorice roots in the natural herbage. This contributes to the cultivation of the soil in the treated strips. The licorice roots from untreated areas 11 are quick to adopt the treated strip 10 of the soil, especially not occupied by competitors. During winter the soil in strips 10 is deposited to a natural sociable month on 2-2,5 m compared with the level at around 9 in the spring. For this reason, rooting zone soil well aeronauts. Natural brushes 1 licorice in the ridges 3 and 4 remain as buffer zones and reservations are required for the growth of the population and the preservation of this ecotype. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "industrial applicability" under the current law. 1. The method of harvesting the roots of plants, mainly licorice grown in flooded floodplains along small creeks and taloga containing cutting the upper part of the roots and rhizomes to remove Karabash, podkapyvanii and retrieval of conditioned their fractions of soils, characterized in that the cleaning of the roots perform strips and place them between the raw areas with natural grass, while cleaning strips is performed under an angle to the direction of the current of water during the flood. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the width of the removed strip refers to the width of the untreated zone as 1 : 1 - 3. 3. The method according to p. 1, wherein the preferred value of the angle between the direction of the current of the water and remove the strips is in the range of 30 - 60o.
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