The method of harvesting the roots of plants, mainly licorice grown in its natural bush |
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IPC classes for russian patent The method of harvesting the roots of plants, mainly licorice grown in its natural bush (RU 2120725):
 The production method of licorice roots / 2118484
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods of extraction plant roots, used mainly in the production of vegetative propagated crops, such as licorice
The method of harvesting the roots of plants / 2116023
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to a method of cleaning the roots of plants such as licorice
 The method of harvesting potatoes / 2062015
 Method two-phase harvesting crops / 2040148
The method of harvesting of root and tuber crops / 2032311
The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the cleaning of root and tuber crops, such as potatoes
 The method of harvesting root crops / 2028752
 Method and apparatus for extraction of deep-rootage medicinal plants, including licorice, growing on abandoned, dried out hard and stony soil / 2247483
Method involves cutting surface layer of soil and forming narrow slits to 60-70 cm depth; during slitting, forming water-accumulating channels of different depth and supplying water therein at flow rate of 5-25 l/s; on expiration of 2-3 days, providing digging and extracting rootages. Apparatus has frame mounted on supporting wheels and provided with vertical knives. One knife is positioned in mid portion of frame. Two other knives are positioned at ends of additional beams. Each of vertical knives is made flat, with concave curvilinear cutting edge and chisel at lower end. Soil deforming device with gauged heads is positioned at rear cut of knives. Heads are communicated with pull-type vessel via channels formed in knives bodies and via flexible hoses. Water is supplied from vessel via gauged heads into vertical channels and water-accumulating channels. During 2-3 days water moistens and softens soil to allow simplified extraction of rootages.
 Method and machine for extracting of root mass of deep-descending rootstock weeds, preferably licorice roots and rootstocks / 2251248
Method involves preliminarily plowing root layer by deep cutting of soil layer without turning and deformation thereof by means of, preferably, flat U-shaped working tool; separating soil and separating rootstocks and roots during second passage along track of previous working tool by lifting undercut layer with the help of inclined lifters and by providing periodic impacts upon lifted layer from the bottom to the top by means of teeth of rotating rotor, with following moving of licorice roots and rootstocks onto surface of tilled soil strip and of soil aggregates and ground to the initial position; providing soil strip of 1.9-2.2 m width by rotavating soil top layer to 0.03-0.06 m depth; cutting 1.1-1.3 m wide and 0.45-0.65 m deep soil layer at one edge of tilled strip; during lifting of undercut layer and deformation thereof, separating root layer into small-sized and large-sized soil aggregates and root mass; laying extracted and separated roots and rootstocks onto remaining part of tilled strip; simultaneously covering surface of undercut layer having soil aggregates moved to the initial position. Machine has frame, separator with inclined lifters, and rotor positioned behind inclined lifters and equipped with drive having teeth with framed working edges. Machine is further provided with vibrating screen mounted behind rotor, and tray for laying licorice roots and rootstocks at the side of frame. Each lifter is mounted on transverse beam of frame and is equipped with chisel positioned on its lower part. Front face of lifter is made flat, with different angles of inclination with respect to horizontal plane.
 Method of harvesting and post harvesting processing of tuberous roots / 2362294
Method involves digging the tuberous root layer and removal of foreign objects. The harvest is temporarily stored in a detachable storage bin of a harvesting machine. The harvest is then transported in the same storage bin from the field to a point for post harvesting processing, where the product is unloaded, the tuberous roots are cleaned and sorted into fractions of its packaging for storage.
 Tuberous roots transportation and cleaning method / 2400048
Invention is intended to provide for quality and effective tuberous roots cleanup of soil. The method involves delivery of a tuberous roots heap to cleaning working tools and their interaction with the elements of the cleaning working tools represented by brushes as well as further unloading. The brushes perform clean off soil with cylindrical springs. The spring is positioned parallel to the brushes axle that performs longitudinal alternate/reciprocal vibratory motion along the brushes axle so that to enable the spring self-cleaning.
 Method of mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots and machine system of its implementation / 2446668
Method of mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, including digging of ridge of tuberous roots layer, its transportation with detaching of tuberous roots from the soil impurities of the layer by separation, download and accumulation of tuberous roots in the replaceable trailing hopper, transportation in it of tuberous roots to the line of post-harvesting processing, separation of the remaining impurities from the tuberous roots, their sorting into factions, and shipping. Before digging of the ridge the tops are removed, the ridge of the tuberous roots layer is pinched by figured wheel finders, covered from the sides by the cut-off wheels of the flat plowshare, and then it is digged out with a flat plowshare; root crops are transported to the clod table of the tuberous roots harvester, on which root crops are sorted out and uniformly loaded into the harvester reserve replaceable trailing hopper on wheels mounted on the tuberous roots, made with the drive bottom-conveyor and the cascade device with absorber of speed of descent of tuberous roots, the bottom of which communicates with a replaceable trailing hopper, made with a drive bottom-conveyor and the tail board, with the drive wheels of the reserve replaceable trailing hopper are mounted in one longitudinal plane with the harvester wheels; after transportation of tuberous roots to the line of post-harvesting processing the discharge of the end bottom-conveyor of the replaceable trailing hopper is installed with an overlap and a minimum difference over the receiving conveyor of the line of post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, the tail board of the replaceable trailing hopper is raised and by the turned on drive bottom-conveyor from the electric motor tuberous roots are overloaded on the conveyor of the line of post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, and when filling the replaceable trailing hopper during the accumulation of tuberous roots the filled replaceable trailing hopper is disconnected, the empty replaceable trailing hopper is attached and tuberous roots are loaded into it from the reserve replaceable trailing hopper. A system for mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots containing sequentially located tuberous roots harvester equipped with a reserve replaceable trailing hopper and interacting with the means of transportation of tuberous roots to the line for their post-harvesting processing, made in the form of a replaceable trailing hopper. Digging working bodies in the harvester are made in the form of a ploughshare with cut-off discs, located behind the crimping figured wheel finders and replaceable trailing hopper is made provided with a liftgate and is equipped with a drive from hydraulic system or a electric motor of a harvester and the harvester wheels and the wheels of reserve replaceable trailing hopper are made with the possibility of synchronous rotation, and are located in the same longitudinal plane.
 Root crops harvesting machine / 2447644
Invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in machines for harvesting root crops. The root crops harvesting machine comprises a main frame, the rack with a lift device fixed on it, root-taking discs, two beaters and a screw cleaner. The cleaner is designed as two successively mounted sets, each of which consists of two screws, a roll and a support bracket. Over the second screw of the front set a spring-loaded guide in the form of a gear wall is mounted.
 Method of beet tops harvesting with its plant ensilage and technological vehicle for harvesting beet tops / 2457664
Invention relates to a group of agriculture. Method of harvesting beet tops with its ensilage involves cutting the tops with the top of the root, cleaning piles of the tops from impurities of soil, and loading the tops to the technological vehicle constantly moving between rows of sugar beet with uncut tops on the unharvested side next to the top harvester. After loading the tops are transported to a place of ensilage, followed by unloading by placing in a surface clamp by the layer on top of previously laid layers, with the tops are placed on the previous layer in the surface clamp by throwing it from the tailgate of a technological vehicle body, made in the form of carrier-thrower. The technological vehicle for harvesting beet tops contains a wheeled chassis, body with sideboards hingedly connected to the chassis frame, and hydraulic cylinder of its tilting for unloading, mounted hingedly between the chassis frame and the bodywork. The rear side of the body is designed as a carrier-thrower, the chassis wheels of which are made fit into beet inter-row spacings on width and track and arranged in two traces on the same track, which coincides with the track of the towing tractor. Part of wheels of them are made of pivoted flap type and mounted on lever suspensions, and the chassis frame is equipped with a trailer needle and is adapted to connect to the tractor through its hitch attachment according to the scheme of the semitrailer.
Method of non-traumatic loading-unloading of tuberous roots / 2464767
Invention relates to agriculture and can be used to provide a method of non-traumatic loading and unloading tuberous roots from harvesting agricultural machines, such as potato harvesters. The method consists in the fact that flexible diaphragms are the first designed and then made as autonomous structures that can be easily mounted and removed from the body of the vehicle or a tractor trolley. The internal cavity of the said diaphragms is filled with air, equipped with a compressor with an air-filter, safety and outflow valve so that it is actuated only at a certain load, and gradually discharges air from the interior cavity of the diaphragm to the complete use of its height. After that, tuberous roots are transported to the warehouse, and there while unloading the similar flexible diaphragms are used, which are mounted first on self-propelled devices. If necessary, they are rolled under the vehicle or a tractor trolley, the products are unloaded in them, transported in to the desired location in the warehouse and placed for long-term storage. To return the flexible diaphragm to its original state the compressor is actuated, air is injected into the diaphragm to actuating the safety valve, and it is provided that the original form of the flexible diaphragm is not convex, but U-shaped.
 Flexible diaphragm / 2465186
Diaphragm for non-traumatic handling of tuberous roots consists of base and frame (1), made as rectangular rigid spatial bar structure with double bottom (2). Walls are made solid and rigidly mounted on bars of base or frame (1). Inside the frame, flexible diaphragm (4) is attached to bottom with possibility to be filled with air from common compressor (5) with control panel (6). To side walls of the frame (1), flexible belt (7) having width equal to diaphragm (4) length is rigidly attached. Near bottom this belt forms narrow loop (8) and passes upwards without being rigidly attached to diaphragm (4) material. At the top, the belt (7) is rigidly attached to diaphragm (4) material and can be made of polyurethane foam or in combination. Profile of diaphragm (4) when being filled with air forms trough shape. At the top of front wall, pneumatic chute is rigidly attached being possible to fold and unfold depending on feeding or removing air to/from it. The chute is made of flexible material, and its outer surface is covered with polyurethane foam. From below, along centerline near the front wall pneumatic cylinder with air stock under pressure of 100-150 MPa inside the cylinder is attached. The cylinder has drain valve and exhaust valve. Cross profile of the chute is trough-shaped. From below of the chute, horizontal rectangular concavity is formed where horizontal rigid link (9) is stretched. Its one end is pivotally attached to the front wall of the said concavity, and the second end is rigidly connected with tape-coil spring. There can be several such devices installed along a wall with equal pitch.
 Method of loader-cleaner of root crops and unit for its implementation / 2471334
Group of inventions can be used for cleaning and loading of sugar beet from the field pile into the vehicle. The method of operation of the unit as a part of the tractor and the loader-cleaner of root crops includes periods of presence of the loader-cleaner at the field pile of root crops waiting for the arrival of the vehicle for removal of root crops and periods of operation of the loader-cleaner on arrival of the next vehicle. The root crops, soil impurities, and crop residues are taken from the field pile by the loader-cleaner and sent to the cleaning units. They are then partially purified by movement to the loading elevator, and then loaded into the back of the vehicle. During the periods of presence of the loader-cleaner at the field pile of root crops waiting for the arrival of the vehicle, the root crops and soil impurities are taken from the field pile by the loader-cleaner and sent to the cleaning units, cleaned from impurities and moved to the cross conveyor which places a pile of root crops with the remaining impurities in the new field pile on the opposite side from the loading elevator. Upon arrival of the vehicle the cleaned root crops and remaining impurities are taken from the new field pile, re-cleaned and moved to the loading elevator which loads twice cleaned pile of root crops with reduced remaining impurities in the back of the vehicle.
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(57) Abstract: The method is designed for cleaning and improving the productivity of wild forms of licorice (licorice) root and production of conditioned fractions as a medicinal raw material. Wild thickets licorice is divided into strips with age dominants at intervals of two to three years. In the age groups thickets licorice older than seven years will determine the centers of maternal roots, which are marked with reference points. In the thickets on the partial shoots, the dimensions of the bushes and the height of vegetative stems determine the distribution of the root system in the age of three to five to seven years and equidistant to the benchmarks - benchmarks are fixing the boundaries at the age of two to three years. Wild competing plants along with the weeds in the dominant three to five years is cut heavy harrows with cut-out disks on the depth of Karabash, causing injuries horizontal roots. In the age of the dominant one - two years the soil result soil cutters in a width of 2 m and at a depth of 2 to 3 cm along with the stems and roots of plants and create them clogging plots seeding of sprouted seeds licorice and without scarification in the ratio of 1 : 1 based te older than seven years. In the age of the dominant seven, five and three years, the extraction of roots produced after every two years. Clogging areas to leave under reservation. After pottapalayam and removing conditional roots carry out sowing of perennial grasses with a seeding rate of 20 - 25 kg/ha Invention allows to preserve the natural thickets licorice, improve their productivity and economic security of the mining districts of licorice root. 1 C.p. f-crystals. 1 Il. The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods of cleaning, increasing the productivity of wild forms of licorice (licorice root) and production of conditioned fractions as a medicinal raw materials for export in large batches (from 3 to 15 thousand tons per season). On the territory of the Russian Federation there are several ecotypes of licorice (Glycyrrhiza);1. Licorice Bukhara - Glycyrrhiza bucharica Rgl.; 2. Licorice Goncharova - Glycyrrhiza Gontscharavii T. Mas.; 3. Licorice Celabinska - Glycyrrhiza kylabensis T. Mas.; 4. Licorice - Glycyrrhiza glabra L.; 5. Licorice prickly - Glycyrrhiza aspera Pall.; 6. Licorice Zaisan - Glycyrrhiza Zaissanica Serg.; 7. Licorice loose - Glycyrrhiza laxissima Vass.; 8. Ural licorice - Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.; 9. Licorice Korzhinsky - Glycyrrss.; 12. Licorice blennosperma - Glycyrrhiza flora Maxim.; 13. Licorice glandular - Glycyrrhiza glandulifera Wald.. Medicinal and industrial importance licorice, Ural licorice and licorice, Korzhinsky. Licorice is a perennial, is a fairly common plant in the South-East of the Russian Federation in the steppe areas. Growing mainly in floodplains, steppe lowlands, plains and hills, usually with a shallow groundwater table. Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) is a perennial herbaceous plant of 1.0-1.5 m height, often of 0.5-0.7 m Rhizome many-headed, powerful. Leaves alternate, compound, unpaired-pinnate, petiole, sticky, with falling subulate shamrocks. Flowers small, in axillary spicate racemes, pale purple or lilac. The fruit is a pod, smooth or glandular-hairy squeezed from the sides. Blooms in June-July. If the fee is not to be confused with licorice spined (Glycyrrhiza echinata L.), whose flowers are collected in capitate inflorescences and fruits beans short prickly. Medicinal raw materials are roots (Radix Glycyrrhizeu Seu Radix Liguiritiae). The distribution of licorice - European part: the Carpathians, the Dnepropetrovsk region (South-West), the Volga-don Kavkaz; all areas of Western Siberia: Upper Tobol (South); Central Asia - all areas. The growth in wild form in the steppes, semi-deserts, deserts, river valleys, river beds of dry rivers, oxbow lakes, oases, ravines, streams, irrigation ditches, canals, meadows, solncevaya soils, weed in crops, fallow lands, in the mountains up to a height of 2000 m above the sea level. Licorice is part of the meadow and steppe communities in the valleys of the major rivers of Central Asia, Kazakhstan, the Kur-Araks lowlands of the large thickets. The value of licorice in recent years (1990-1995) has changed dramatically and is very increased in the Russian Federation. In B. The USSR by the presence of natural vegetation licorice and opportunities for the introduction of industrial culture was the first country in the world that do not have any serious competitors. On the Soviet licorice root worked for many companies in Western Europe and the USA. More than 85% of the production of licorice were sent to foreign countries. After the collapse of the USSR independent country, pseudoshottsii part of the CIS countries, their resources licorice dispose of their own and open their markets. So the Republic of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and other direct raw materials from licorice root in Japan, laws before 1990 not involved in the production of licorice for industrial purposes and as raw material for delivery the leading capitalist countries of Europe and America. In the European part of Russia in the period 1990-1995 was conducted unrestrained predatory extraction of licorice roots without taking into account ecological features of nature in the major areas of mass production of roots as raw material for delivery to international markets. Ural licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) differs from licorice larger (up to 19 mm) purple flowers gathered in a denser brush, as well as wavy, thick-lined glands and glandular setae, serodino curved, closely curled and twisted into a ball, located at the ends of stems. Licorice, Korzhinsky (Glycyrrhiza korchinskyi G. Grig.) very close to the Ural licorice, but differs from it by the absence of saclike swellings on the Cup and not interwoven into a dense tangle of fruits. These kinds of licorice bloom in may-July, the fruits begin to ripen in September. The licorice, the Ural licorice and licorice Korzhinsky should not be confused with licorice bristly (Glycyrrhiza echinata L.), which is widely distributed in the floodplains of the rivers in the South of evropeiskii not sweet and have a white color. People call it the white whale. Flowers are collected in a round head, and fruits - in round brownish-red ball, consisting of a large number prickly, prickly, short beans. In Transcaucasia the licorice can be confused with licorice Macedonian (Glycyrriza makedonica Boiss. ), is very similar in its characteristics to the licorice bristly and also have white roots. In natural conditions the largest area occupied Solodkova groups in the mixture with eriantus (Glycyrrhiza glabra L. + Erianthuspurascens) and net Solodkova thickets (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.). Smaller, but significant areas are above the reed-Mace-Solodkova groups (Glycyrrhiza glabra L. + Typhaelephantina), Solodkova tugai (Glycyrrhiza glabra L. + Populus euphratica, Populus pruinosa, Elaeagnus and others), imperative-Solodkova (Glucyrriza glabra L. + Imperata Cylindrica), grass-Solodkova (Glycyrrhiza glabra L. + Imperata cylindrica Cynodon daktilon + Acluropus Litolaris) and andace-Solodkova (Glycyrrhiza glabra L. + Alhadi canescens) groups. The growth of licorice habitat occurs both from dormant buds from the roots and fallen seeds. The development of shoots in the first months runs very fast. The first 3-4 leaves simple, single, rounded, up to 1.5 cm in diameter. Subsequent 4-5 leaves trifoliate, and only starting from the ninth-tenth arr 20 cm height. The most developed specimens have small lateral branches developed from axillary buds in the middle part of the stem. At the base of the primary stem in the axils of the cotyledons distinct cotyledon buds in the first year of life, as a rule, remain alone. Together with two to three lower axillary buds of the stem, found in soil as a result of retracting the root collar (the first year of life to 102 cm), they are used for education stems next year. In the axils of 3-4 lower renal scales can be detected clearly visible child of the kidney. Thus, the annuals, going under the winter, there is sufficient headroom for the development of stems for next year. The kidneys are located and stored in the underground part of the stem, and seed the site. Such is the Constitution of the usual annuals. At the base of the shoots that developed from the seed of the kidneys, also always have a pair of kidneys. This is the same child buds that were in the axils of the lower scales cotyledon buds, but due to the strong convergence of internodes located on the seed node. In older, but not yet old plants (two to five years) at the cotyledon node has a number of buds of different sizes, which poslidovnij, located on the underground parts of stems, are the reserve, through which the plant during its life forms, and above-ground stems, and gives a new beginning to the rhizomes. In its origin all the axillary buds. In young plants licorice, formed in conditions of lesser importance, develops normal markovity root, which for two or three years has a length of 100-120 cm, sometimes more. The same two-year plants licorice in conditions of high humidity the root is deepened more than 50 see Thickening in the region of the root collar he reaches 1.5 cm, and nodules even more and they are larger (up to 6 mm long and 3 mm wide) than those of the same age. The aboveground part of the biennial plant grows due overwintered dormant buds. The growth can start both cotyledon buds, forming two above-ground shoots. If cotyledon buds impact alone, the last stalk begin to develop in the axils. Most kidney heads in the spring at the same time gets in growth. The first leaves on the shoots 2-year, like adelekan, initially also less complex. The first 2 singles, then 2-3 Ternate, the subsequent 5 leaves, and only then are more complex. By the end of years straw blade), but they give rise not above-ground shoots and underground young rhizomes. These rhizomes grow over the summer at 70-150 cm, but usually they do not come to the surface of the soil. In the third year of life growth last year and the formation of new roots is more intense. And in the spring at the same time touched in growth buds that are formed and above-ground shoots and rhizomes. Determination of the kidneys no, rhizomes and green stems can develop as from axillary buds, the remaining parts of the overwintered stems and buds located on the seed node. Kidney poorly differentiated. They can only be considered 5-8 rudiments of leaves, in the third year plant life stems form the flowers. The development of flowers, starting in April, is intense. In the first year of flowering licorice seeds tied in small quantities. By the end of the third year licorice is the main root of 1.5-2.5 cm in diameter, sunk into the soil in the root area of the cervix 5-10 cm, which depends on the superficial soil layers. Rhizomes grow in the year to 1-2 m in length. For the third year in a horizontal rhizomes arise partial bushes. Initially it is a only a few green stems, rajev. Rhizomes four or five plants stellate diverge in different directions from the head, and then each of them repeatedly branched out and forms a branching up to the third order. The total linear length of the rhizomes of more than 40 meters, the Area occupied by the system of rhizomes, exceeds 30 m2. The main root at this age in the area of the root collar is reached 4 cm in diameter. But green stems formed from the head, rhizomes brought to the surface to 15 partial bushes, developed from axillary buds horizontal rhizomes. The rhizomes are last year's dead stalks. Resume stems from these partial bushes in the current year did not happen, because the rhizome was located near the soil surface and all axillary buds present at the base of the stems, died in the winter along with the stalks. Plants licorice aged four to five years of age, form a whole system of underground and above-ground organs, consisting of a main root with elevated green stems and a series of partial bushes, United with each other and the parent root through horizontal rhizomes, fortified in the soil with adventitious roots. The subsequent growth of RA the (development) of new plots of soil, occurs due to the growth of axillary buds formed in the field taking off in the growth of kidney vertical and horizontal rhizomes and the end of the last. Kidney rhizomes and buds head is poorly differentiated and not deterministic, and therefore one of them can develop as an above-ground stem, and a lateral rhizomes. At the age of four or five years from the head of the root can depart from 1 to 10 above-ground green stems and about the same underground rhizomes. With age, the latter usually doubled, tripled, while the number of stems, opposite decreases. Partial bushes have 2-3 green stalk. Rhizomes of licorice growing monopodial. However, monopodial growth is not always strictly expressed, sometimes growing end of rhizomes after 2-3 years of monopodial growth can go on the soil surface and to form the final green stem. Young rhizomes, in particular their end, very fragile, colorless or milky white color. In young plants, they are thin - 3-5 mm in diameter, older - up to 10 mm of the Growing end of the branching, and give rise to a whole system of new rhizomes. With age rhizomes covered tone is which laid axillary buds (on the average distance of 2-8 cm). From the Foundation of the depart adventitious roots 2-4. Young adventitious roots planted with nitrogen-containing nodules of the most diverse forms: simple, palmate, one-, two-, three - and multi-blade. The sizes of the nodules on the roots ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 cm in length and width. Adventitious roots seen on the young rhizomes, but with age the past (2-3 years) is not each axillary buds. The most powerful development get one adventitious root. Adventitious roots at high groundwater table, do not penetrate deeply into the soil and reaching a known depth, placed horizontally. Sometimes formed one or two partial Bush, which powerfully grow in an upright rhizome part, which causes its enlargement to the size of the main root. Instances of licorice, growing near the water and exposed to flooding, there is no development of long rhizomes. Five or six specimens of the plants are weak and thin rhizomes, reaching 1.5 m in length. Instead of a long rhizomes of these plants form a mass of short, which are located below ground depth of 10-15 cm and immediately brought to the surface the green stems. Such plants can be up to at they reach groundwater. By type of water supply licorice commonly referred to as xerophytes. The bulk of the rhizomes is located in horizon of 20 to 50 (70) cm from the soil surface. On the structure of the main roots bears the imprint of past excessive moisture. Most of them korotkosherstnaia. The core part of it often reaches a length of only 10 cm, and immediately falls to 2-3, and sometimes more lateral roots. If the core part of the root extends to a considerable depth (up to 70 cm), not branching out, you can see that at the level of the former excessive moisture root immediately split and formed many lateral roots, thereby losing its core character. Bark adults roots grayish-brown color with uniform rows of lenticels across the root (transverse striation). Often the bark is well marked spiraled root, which indicates the involvement of plant roots. It should be noted that this swirling is usually seen not all the roots. On the surface of the wood you may find that the medullary rays are not straight down in a straight line, and are oblique rows, twisting around the Central axis of the root. In adult thickets licorice diameter of the main roots (in the regional part, well distinguishable wide annual rings of wood, on which you can calculate the age. By counting annual rings age roots in Solodkova thickets of seed origin, and hence the age of the bushes can be easily determined. In the current Solodkova thickets in the floodplains of the rivers Volga and don rivers age roots reaches from 8 to 17 years. The old roots at the age of 10 (sometimes 8) years in the field of the root collar in the center is found dead tissue, i.e. the trail of dead-ground shoots and some rhizomes. Rot captures up to 2-4 cm in diameter and gradually comes to naught, extending along the length of the root 4-8 see the largest main licorice roots with a diameter of 8-12 cm and dug at a depth of 70-100 cm, weighing 20-25 kg in the raw state (humidity 42-45%). Adult from head located on the main root, can depart 15-30 rhizomes. The plant at the age of 15 years with the diameter of the main root 9 cm there are 30 healthy rhizomes (average 1.5-2.5 cm in diameter and 9 rotten (decomposed)). Rotten rhizomes often not horizontal and vertical, is clear on the soil surface of the green stems. At the time of digging root over him there were only 2 green rather hilly large number powerfully developed green stems indicates youth thickets. In such thickets roots of licorice that meets the requirements of GOST 22839-88 "Roots and rhizomes of licorice. Technical conditions", do not exceed 7-12%. No green stems from the parent root, and in General a small number of them per unit area shows maturity thickets (patches, pins) of licorice and a large stock of roots and rhizomes. Output, suitable for preparation of raw materials for industrial and medicinal purposes, is 88-97%. The comparative brevity of life (not more than 25 years) roots and rhizomes of licorice compensated unlimited possibility of its vegetative growth, not to mention great abilities to seed reproduction. Since the advent of the parent instance, gave rise to the now existing rhizome (growing from one end - the young and dying from another old), there are dozens, and possibly hundreds of years. Thus migrates underground Queen licorice. In Solodkova thickets at the age of 15-20 years the total length of all branches of the roots and rhizomes reaches more than 70 meters, and 10 endings rhizomes lost their mark. The total area of bushland was 80 m2. The linear length of the roots was 2000 m There is a method of cleaning licorice, consisting of separate harvesting the aerial parts of plants of the reaping machines and underground parts of plants, in which the subsoil plow make a furrow to a depth of industrial shallow roots (50-60 cm). This layer is wrapped so that the rod and the upper part of the root - Karabash, are in the lower layers of the ploughed layer, and karastergiou layer on the surface. After this work using hand tools cut off the roots from Karabash, remove them and put to dry in the stacks on the treated part of the field. Then make a second pass plow, wrapping layer in the previous furrow with the same sample roots manually (the study and use of licorice in the USSR. M., Nauka, 1966). Using the described method of harvesting the roots of the licorice in terms of the Lower Volga region ravaged pastures, meadows, valleys, and floodplains, as well as to create pockets of wind erosion of soil. Due to acute shortage of soil moisture in periph is whether licorice. Even under the most favorable conditions in these cases thickets can restore its borders only in 10-15 years. There is also known a method of harvesting the roots of plants, mainly licorice containing cutting the upper part of the roots, podkapyvanii and retrieval of conditioned their fractions of land, in which, to prevent wind erosion and drying out of soil, trimming the upper part of the roots is carried out by removing the surface layer of the earth that move without wrapping on the removed part of the field (SU, author's certificate N 904563. M CL3A 01 D 91/02. The method of harvesting plants //Bondarenko, Y. S. and Mychko I. Ii. Declared 20.08.1980 published 15.02.1982). Moving the upper soil layer with Karabash not contributes to the rapid restoration of the productivity of natural thickets of licorice. To restore the livelihoods of licorice from the kidneys of Karabash requires large expenditures on revegetation and sufficient rainfall. A known method of harvesting the roots of plants, mainly liquorice, including mowing aboveground parts of the plant, cutting the surface layer with root tails and Karabash, move it to a retracted uchashchenie reproducibility of licorice, before moving surface soil layer to the cleaned area of the field open furrow with soil roll, then in the furrow laid topsoil, compacted it and cover with a layer of soil, destroying a swath of soil; surface soil layer before moving cut into pieces (SU, author's certificate N 1184470. M CL4A 01 D 91/02. The method of harvesting the roots of plants //Bondarenko, Y. S. and Detlev Century A. Stated 26.04.1984 published 15.10.1985). The obstacles to achieve the desired technical result when using the known method is the low efficiency of the technique for reproduction of licorice roots. The closest device of the same purpose to the declared object on the totality of symptoms is the method of harvesting the roots of plants, mainly liquorice, including cutting the surface layer of the soil with root tails and Karabash, moving it into a harvested field and furrow, podkapyvanii and stemming, the primary separation karastergiou soil in the furrow while moving it on the next working bodies and the secondary separation, in which, to improve the reproduction of lakritz who participate in the furrow, and the secondary separation is carried out in the furrow after you move it above the surface layer of the soil with root tails (SU, author's certificate N 1706438. M CL5A 01 D 25/02, A 01 D 91/02. The method of harvesting the roots of plants and the device for its implementation //Bondarenko, Y. S. and Archer, I. M. Stated 22.12.1989. published 23.01.1992). The nearest equivalent in part of the way. The obstacles to achieve the desired technical result when using the known method adopted for the nearest equivalent are limited way, the low efficiency of reception of the reproduction of natural (wild) thickets licorice, large energy consumption and low output conforming licorice root to create a resource base. The invention consists in the following. The problem to which the invention is directed, is the increased productivity of natural (wild) thickets licorice. The technical result is the preservation of the natural thickets licorice, increase their productivity, improve the environmental safety of mining areas licorice root. This technical result in the implementation of ISO is rosleh, includes trimming the upper part of the roots and Karabash, podkapyvanii and retrieval of conditioned fractions from the ground, thickets licorice break at the age of dominants at intervals of two to three years, while in the age groups thickets licorice older than seven years will determine the centers of maternal roots, which are marked with reference points, partial shoots, bushes and height of vegetative stems define the areas of the root system at the age of three to five to seven years, and equidistant to the reper-milestones fixing the boundaries at the age of one to two years, while competing wild plants in Association with their roots in the dominant three to five years is cut heavy harrows with cut-out disks on the depth of Karabash, causing injuries horizontal roots, Solodkova grouping with age dominant one-two years competitors are removed by milling soil in a width of 2 m to a depth of 2-3 cm with the stems and roots of plants and create clogging plots seeding of sprouted seeds licorice without scarification in the ratio of 1: 1 based 220000-250000 PCs/ha (2 kg/ha), cleaning the roots perform band disposable pottapalayam and removing conditional factions in the strip dominant ha every two years, when this clogging areas to leave under reservation; after pottapalayam and removing the conforming of licorice roots carry out sowing of perennial grasses with a seeding rate of viable seeds 20-25 kg/ha Due to the fact that in wild thickets licorice created favorable conditions for the growth of new roots and are naturally favourable conditions for their growth, achieved the above technical result. Spent an analysis of the prior art, including searching by the patent and scientific and technical information sources and identify sources that contain information about the equivalents of the claimed invention, has allowed to establish that applicants are not detected similar, characterized by signs, identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "novelty" by applicable law. To verify compliance of the claimed invention to the requirement of "inventive step" applicants conducted an additional search of the known solutions in order to identify characteristics that match the distinctive features from the nearest similar signs for the and explicitly known level of technology and engineering, because of the level of methods and techniques, certain applicants not identified impact provided the essential features of the claimed invention transformations to achieve a technical result. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "inventive step" by applicable law. The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows the sequence of operations performed to increase the productivity of natural thickets of licorice. Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention are as follows. The method of harvesting the roots of plants, mainly liquorice growing in natural thickets, includes crop top and Karabash, podkapyvanii and retrieval of conditioned fractions from the earth. Natural thickets licorice is divided into strips with age dominants at intervals of two to three years. In the age of the dominant groups thickets licorice older than seven years will determine the centers of maternal roots, which are marked with reference points. For partial shoots, the size of the bushes and the height of vegetative shoots determine the distribution of the root system in Bosra natural thickets licorice is determined primarily by the border 1 parcel, hosting Glycyrrhiza glabra (Ural licorice, licorice gg Korzhinsky). In zone 2 height partial shrubs and vegetative shoots determine the position of the center of the parent root. The position of the parent root in zone 2 note rapper 3. Further, each zone 2, from the outer contour defined by a border of 1, divided into age dominants: subzone 4 - in aged one to two years, subzone 5 - ages three to five years, subzone 6 - at the age of five to seven years, and the Central group 7 - roots and rhizomes over seven years. The age of the roots and rhizomes in the sub-zones 4, 5 and 6 and in the Central panel 7 is determined by the annual rings mounted on the sections of roots and rhizomes. For age determination and adjustment of the boundaries in the age dominants lay control plots with dimensions 0,4x0,4 m and produce the excavated depth of 0.6-0.7 m According to the revised data are arranged milestones 8 and the pins 9, which define the boundaries of the occurrence of the roots and rhizomes of licorice age dominants. To perform mechanized operations with continuous process milestones 8 and the pins 9 in relation to the reference points 3 set equidistant (see drawing). In zone 4, there are, right at the base of the aerial stem, immersed in the soil as the result of retracting the root collar. Thus begins to form the head. The root collar diameter of 0.5 to 1.0 see the roots of the plants at this stage of the production of no importance. In the subzone of 5 posted two to three year old plants. In the stems is the inception of axillary buds in the area of the head and the beginning of formation of horizontal rhizomes from these buds. The root collar diameter of the main root 1,0-2,5 see Despite the fact that the content of glycyrrhizic acid in the roots of this age differs little from its content in the roots of adult plants, the production value of underground organs of plants at this stage is negligible, because the stock of roots in the soil is not more than 2-3 t/ha in the wet state. The estimated reserves of roots in the soil layer of 50-60 cm according to the five control sites 2x2 m In subzone 6 is dominated by plants four to six years of age. Intensive formation of new roots, star distribution, and a large increase in the length, and therefore rhizomes occupy large areas. These areas on the drawing is shaded by horizontal lines. Aboveground green stems arise on short vertical rhizomes originating not only from the head, raspevaet aboveground organs forming a multitude of partial bushes. The production value of the plant at this stage is very relative. The soil contains 5-10 t/ha of crude root. This is three-four times less than the natural resources of the roots Solodkova thickets in the Central panel 7. In the Central panel 7 on the external borders of the plants in the age of the dominant seven to ten years. Intensive growth of rhizomes in a length of a few stops. The predominant accumulation in the roots and rhizomes of reserve substances. Increase in the thickness of roots and increases the diameter of the rhizomes from 3 to 5.5, see Most of the short vertical rhizomes attached to the head and once forming green stems on the soil surface, dies. In dernova layer is absent Karabash. To the head attached to mostly horizontal rhizomes, which by this time firmly rooted with adventitious roots. The diameter of the main corn ranges from 4 to 7 see among the green stems formed on the horizontal rhizomes, are much smaller than those of plants in zone 6. Stock roots in the Central group in the age of the dominant seven to ten years varies from 15 to 40 t/ha In Central cha is wish from the head, located on the parent root, which leads to cracking of the root in the upper part (particulate) and the spread of root rot down the root at a distance of 2-6 see Above such main roots with a diameter of 7 to 10 cm almost no green stems, or they are very frail. But the mass of roots at a depth of 60-70 cm 20-25 kg. Horizontal rhizomes are widely distributed, and the diameter of the scope of the rhizome system of one plant can reach 15 meters of the Total linear length of roots reaches 200-300 m Rhizomes fortified with numerous adventitious roots (underground brotherhood). Parent root dies. If artificial otjinene branches rhizomes (mechanical clipping or mechanical wounding a game) is painless in the dominant three to five years, the natural otcleanit (rot) rhizome branches from the head occurs after twenty years. This process is associated with the death of the parent of the root and the head. Otchlenennoy rhizome branches continue to exist without the parent root, occupying new areas of soils in sub-area 6, 5, 4, and beyond. Stock of raw roots in the Central group is 40-60 t/ha In some places productivity Solodkova thickets reaches 80-100 t/ha (in the heat of group 7 in the conditions of the Lower Volga region produce in season, since April 15-20 and closing his 25-30 October. In the Astrakhan region in late November. In the Central group of 7 units, including either the tractor DT-75M and hinged plow TPP-60, which produce plowing layers to a depth of 60 cm and further carry out manual collection wapahani roots and rhizomes crew of eight to ten people, or tractor T-150K and machine for the production of licorice roots MDK-2,6 (mark conditional) construction all-Russian research Institute of irrigated agriculture (VNIIS). After the passage of unit roots and rhizomes of licorice lie on the surface of the strip. Dried roots and rhizomes are collecting device for collecting and transporting the roots of the licorice PC-2,1 (mark conditional) in Assembly with the wheel tractor MTZ-80. After harvesting, the roots of the licorice of the Central group 7 the surface of the strip is prepared for sowing perennial grasses, such as fescue, Jerzy team, perennial ryegrass, reed Canary grass, etc. with a seeding rate of 20-25 kg/ha of viable seeds. Sowing produced in the first decade of August, but no later than 15-20 October. After seeding the surface of the strip is rolled using ring-heel rollers CCS-6A in Assembly with a crawler tractor DT-75M. Sprouted seeds and rooted plants perennial cult is Rosie from flood waters. In subzone age 6 with dominant plants five to seven years in the next two years do not produce any work. Natural grass in zone 6 is the wind protection of crops in the Central panel 7. During this period the roots and rhizomes of licorice plants are growing and increasing as the dimensions (length, thickness) and the quality of their content. Cleaning of the roots in this subzone produce two years after harvesting in the Central group. Wild competing plants in Association with their roots in the bands with dominant age three to five years share of heavy harrows with cut-out disks on the depth of Karabash. applying for new korneobrazovateley of assassination horizontal roots. In subzone 5 in late autumn carry out the destruction of the competitors of wild plants ("savages") heavy disk harrows of the type BDT-3,7 cut-out disks. The digging depth is set to 15-20 cm, i.e. at the depth of Karabash and horizontal roots. The edges of the cut-out disk is a mechanical cutting of Karabash and the assassination of licorice roots. This mechanical operation next spring awakes axillary (spasiba four years leads to the fact, supply of licorice roots with 10-15 t/ha reach 40-60 t/ha In subzone 5, placed between landmarks 8 and pins 9 (their differences are painted in bright colors - orange and blue), for autumn-winter and spring periods, the accumulation of moisture. The soil settles, the crushed stalks of the plants in associations and shoots licorice mulch topsoil, eliminating the dryness of the soil and preventing erosion processes in strong winds (may 1 to may 20. In zone 4, in places with the least number of one-year old shoots of licorice at the end of April (in exceptional cases in the first decade of may) lay clogging areas 10. For this Solodkova group with age-dominant one-two years competitors are removed by milling soil soil cutter KNF-2 G-shaped knives in a width of 2 m to a depth of 2-3 cm Length clogging sections 10 can vary from 5 to 50 m Milling soil is at a depth of 2-3 cm with the stems and roots of plants. After milling at sites 10 create clogging areas of joint sowing seeds licorice (Ural licorice, licorice, Korzhinsky). The seeding rate set the rate 220000-250000 PCs/ha (2 kg/ha) shoes calculation 220-250 thousand PCs/ha (2 kg/ha). Seeding implement mounted breeding drill SN-PM with thirteen disk or keeled openers. Planting depth of 1.5 to 2.0, see inter-row spacing is 0.15 m Planter hang on the tractor MTZ-80. Sprouted seeds and seeds without treatment in a small seed boxes intensely moving. In buildings seeding apparatus set timing coil. After sowing, the surface 10 is rolled. Sprouted seeds, once in favorable conditions, intensively developed. Seeds licorice in the soil do not lose their germination capacity within 10 years. For this reason, clogging stations 10 a gradual growing of the seeds licorice and these areas are reservations save ecotype licorice. In sub-area 6, 5 and 4 to increase their productivity produce industrial production of stocks of licorice roots. Cleaning the roots perform band disposable pottapalayam and removing conditional factions in the age dominant over seven years. In the age of the dominant seven, five and three years of production produced after every two years, keeping the strips with natural grass. Clogging areas to leave under reservation. After pottapalayam and removing conditional roots to meet ivacy) natural grass prevents erosion processes on flood plains and on nastavlyaemyj arrays. Thus for a long time, ensure a high productivity of natural thickets licorice, excluded processes of wind and water erosion of the soil and is stored ecotype licorice. Thus, the above data confirm that the implementation of the use of the claimed invention the following cumulative conditions: the tool embodying the claimed invention in its implementation, intended for use in agriculture with the use of known energy and technical equipment produced by domestic agricultural engineering; for the claimed invention in the form as it is described in the independent clause following claims, confirmed the possibility of its implementation using the above in the application or known before the priority date tools and techniques; the tool embodying the claimed invention in its implementation, is able to achieve a perceived applicants technical result. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "industrial applicability" under the current law. 1. Spotco the upper part of the roots and Karabash, podkapyvanii and retrieval of conditioned fractions from the ground, characterized in that the natural thickets licorice is divided into strips with age dominants at intervals of two to three years, while in the age of the dominant groups thickets licorice older than seven years will determine the centers of maternal roots, which are marked with reference points, partial shoots, the size of the bushes and the height of vegetative shoots determine the distribution of the root system in the age of three to five to seven years and equidistant to the benchmarks milestones are fixing the boundaries at the age of two to three years, while competing wild plants in Association with their roots in the bands with dominant age three to five years is cut heavy harrows with cut-out disks on the depth of Karabash, causing new korneobrazovateley of assassination horizontal roots, Solodkova group with age-dominant one-two years competitors are removed by milling soil in a width of 2 m to a depth of 2 to 3 cm along with the stems and roots of plants and create clogging areas of joint sowing germinated and without scarification of seeds licorice in the ratio of 1 : 1 based 220000 - 250000 piece/ha (2 kg/ha), cleaning the roots perform p, and in the age of the dominant seven, five and three years of production produced after every two years, thus clogging areas to leave under reservation. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that after pottapalayam and removing conditional roots carry out sowing of perennial grasses with a seeding rate of 20 - 25 kg/ha
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