The method of harvesting the roots of licorice and machine for its implementation

IPC classes for russian patent The method of harvesting the roots of licorice and machine for its implementation (RU 2123250):

A01D91/02 - Products growing in the soil

A01D25/02 - Machines with rigid tools

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Method and apparatus for extraction of deep-rootage medicinal plants, including licorice, growing on abandoned, dried out hard and stony soil / 2247483

(57) Abstract:

The invention is intended for agriculture and can be used for cleaning of licorice roots. The method of harvesting the roots of the licorice includes mowing ground shoots and stems of related plant associations of the natural vegetation, cutting the surface layer of the soil with root tails and Karabash, podkapyvanii, stemming and separation karastergiou soil in the ditch. With continuous movement of the cutting surface soil with root tails and Karabash carried out by milling to a depth of 0.015 - 0,035 m, and podkapyvanii karastergiou formation - mainly along the perimeter of a rectangle with sides 04 x 1.1 m at a depth of 80 - 90% of the biological root mass. Recovery of commercial roots of the cut karastergiou layer carry out strikes from the bottom up from the ditch layer and separation karastergiou soil layer in the drain - source location genetic horizons. Machine for the production of licorice root contains a frame 1 and successively installed on it spurs the working body 7, retrieves the working body 10 and its drive system. The machine is also equipped with disc blades 6, the more the operating bodies 7, 10. The application of this invention will increase the output of commercial products to reduce energy costs and protect the soil in the treated strip from wind and water erosion 2 S. and 11 C.p. f-crystals, 3 ill.

The invention relates to agriculture and the agricultural industry, in particular to methods of cleaning of licorice roots as raw material for tobacco, perfume and food industries, Pharmacopoeia and clinical pharmacology, technical raw materials when creating foam components for the drilling of deep and ultra-deep wells in oil and gas, fire extinguishers, metallurgical industry and other

A known method of harvesting the roots of plants, mainly liquorice, including trimming the upper part of the roots, podkapyvanii and retrieval of conditioned their fractions of land, in which, to prevent wind erosion and drying out of soil, trimming the upper part of the roots is carried out by removing the surface layer of the earth that move without wrapping on the removed part of the field (SU authorship, N 904563, class A 01 D 91/02. The method of harvesting the roots of plants//J. S. Bondarenko and I. P. Mychko. Declared 20.08.1980 published 15.02.1982).

To insufficient and cleaning conforming parts licorice. This is because the offset of the upper layer side without disturbing the roots and reservoir capacity must be at least 12...18 see When you move the specified layer sideways move with it from 5 to 8 tons of raw conforming roots.

A known machine for digging licorice that contains a frame for supporting the wheels, intake ploughshare, in which, to reduce the load on the driving system of the tractor and increase productivity, it is equipped with two sealed covers-reducer, each of which has a shaft with two parallel crosspieces, which is mounted on bearings located on the frame buildings with fixed bevel gears, the shafts of the gears are mounted parallel to each other and are interconnected by gears, which form a pair of counter-rotating, each axis of the cross shaft is mounted at its center for rotation therein bevel gear on the housing, which side of the big reasons is cylindrical gear, coupled with the cylindrical gear of the neighboring crosses the same shaft, with each of the fixed gears paired with all conical pole is poslednie of them is equipped with unbalanced loads (SU, author's certificate N 1824049. class A 01 C 11/00. Machine for digging liquorice//P. I. IAC, A. A. Hanatarou, A. H. Abidov, etc. Declared 09.01.1991 published 30.06.1993).

This machine implements a method of continuous cleaning of licorice roots. The soil layer is cut, intensively richlite, and the roots and rhizomes of licorice together with above-ground shoots are extracted on the surface of the treated strip. To make marketable raw materials from the roots and rhizomes of licorice in accordance with the requirements of GOST 22838-88 "Roots and rhizomes of licorice. Technical conditions", you want to remove from each above-ground shoots and axillary buds (Karabash). This operation is time-consuming and inefficient.

There is also known a method of harvesting the roots of plants, mainly liquorice, including cutting the surface layer of the soil with root tails and Karabash, move it up to the harvested field and furrow, podkapyvanii and stemming, the primary separation karastergiou soil in the furrow while moving it on the next working bodies and the secondary separation, in which, to improve the reproduction of liquorice, after the initial separation of the soil in the furrow, the surface layer of soil with Corneliu it above the surface layer of the soil with root tails and Karabash. Device for cleaning the roots of plants, mainly licorice containing sequentially installed Pokrovskaja with moldboard surface working tool for undermining, lifting, moving and primary separation karastergiou soil layer, in which, to improve the reproduction of licorice, the device is equipped with dropping working body located on the side of the moldboard part of Pokrovskaia and end of the working body for the primary separation karastergiou soil layer; discharging the working body in the form of a cylindrical drum, the axis of which is placed in the horizontal plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the device, and on the outer surface of the drum is fixed to the blade at an angle to its axis (SU, authorship, N 1706438. class A 01 D 25/02, A 01 D 91/02. The method of harvesting the roots of plants and the device for its implementation//Y. S. Bondarenko and I. M. Archer. Declared 22.12.1989, published 23.01.1992).

The disadvantages of this method are the large energy costs, low productivity, high cost of manual labor and the high cost per ton of root raw.

Device for cleaning roots cumbersome, has a large consumption of materials and niclone, manes, taloga, at low and high terraces and the floodplain of the river. Describes the list of working bodies ineffective.

The invention consists in the following.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to increase productivity, reduce labor intensity and improve conditionnot of MERCHANTABILITY and extracted the roots and rhizomes of licorice as industrial raw materials.

The effect and the technical result that can be obtained by carrying out the invention, expressed in increasing the marketability of the roots and rhizomes of licorice as an industrial raw material, a significant reduction of energy consumption, the negative impact of the wheels attached to the tractor on the surface of natural thickets licorice with wild herbs, the reduction of damage to the roots of grasses and Karabash licorice, technology for cleaning, increase productivity and decrease recovery times of natural resources licorice, reducing the susceptibility of plants to diseases and pests, soil protection in the treated strip from wind and water erosion, as well as providing a simple means of mechanical removal of non-tradable part of licorice roots and its Karabash the lacquer Association.

The effect and the technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved in that in the known method of cleaning of licorice roots, including mowing ground shoots and stems of related plant associations of the natural vegetation, cutting the surface layer of the soil with root tails and Karabash, podkapyvanii, stemming and separation karastergiou soil in the ditch, with continuous movement of the cutting surface soil with root tails and Karabash carried out by milling to a depth of 0.015-0,035 m, podkapyvanii karastergiou formation - mainly along the perimeter of a rectangle with sides 0,4x1,1 m at a depth of 80-90% the main biological root mass, stemming from the cut karastergiou layer carry out strikes from the bottom up from the ditch layer and separation karastergiou soil layer in the drain - source location genetic horizons.

For the implementation of this method provided a machine for the production of licorice roots, containing frame and successively installed on it spurs the working body that retrieves the working body and the actuator, it is equipped with disc blades, additional Rami bodies; knife drum and its drive system are mounted on an additional frame; a knife drum is equipped with telescopic racks placed to be movable in the cylindrical hollow racks additional frame and additionally connected with them screw mechanisms; the knife drive reel is placed in the cavity of one of the mates: the telescopic tube is cylindrical hollow hour; the knife drive reel made in the form of a drive shaft with an asterisk under the profile of the toothed chain, a closed path with the leading and the trailing branches of the toothed chain and covered by the contour of the driven sprocket on the spline pin cutter drum; knife drum and retrieves the working body are mounted sequentially on an additional frame; spurs work the body has a horizontal knife with removable blade on the front side and shifted back from removable blades inclined lifts, the horizontal knife with frame bound inclined racks with cutting edges on the front; spurs working body is placed on the main frame and the additional frame connected to the hinge and hydraulic drive; retrieves the working body in the form of a rotor with teeth and with his priceu chain of bevel gears and a connecting shaft, mutually connected chain couplings; the knife drive reel and retrieves the working body for extra frame located outside the working area of the rotor disc knives and spurs working body is placed on the brackets of the frame, with a rotary blade and inclined racks spurs of the working body are placed in longitudinal vertical planes.

Conducted by the applicant's analysis of the level of technology (methods and techniques, including searching by the patent and scientific and technical information sources and identify sources that contain information about the equivalents of the claimed invention, has allowed to establish that the applicant is not found counterparts (in terms of both the method and machine for implementing the method), characterized by signs, identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention. Proposed closest analogues for the method and the device allowed to identify a set of essential towards perceived by the applicant to the technical result of the distinctive features in the claimed method and device for implementing the method set forth in the claims.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "novelty" acting is skogo level, the applicant conducted an additional search of the known methods and technical solutions in order to identify signs, coinciding with distinctive from the nearest similar features of the claimed invention. The test results show that the claimed invention is not necessary for the expert in the obvious way from the prior art, and technology, in particular, the claimed invention does not provide a known transformation.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "inventive step" by applicable law.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In Fig. 1 shows a harvesting machine of licorice roots, left side.

In Fig. 2 - same view in the plan.

In Fig. 3 - the same, left side.

The proposed method is implemented as follows.

Above-ground shoots licorice together with the accompanying plants in Solodkova Association in the development phase of the highest nutritional value is cut by the mower in the spreading. By reducing the moisture content of the leaves and stems up to 26-28%, beveled mass raked in rolls. By reducing the moisture content of stem mass to 14-17%, hay pick up and pressed into a rectangular bale or roll into coils. Bales and rolls powered by clean and vehicles are transported to the places dlitelnogo mass, along the perimeter of a rectangle with sides 0,4x1,1 m in two phases conduct cutting karastergiou layer. At the first stage of a vertically mounted disc blades with mutual offset of 1.1 m cut the top layer of the stratum to a depth of 0.10 to 0.15 m circular knives cut vegetable remnants of last year's growth and losses from listoftables mass this year, the roots of cereals and other grasses and Karabash and licorice roots in the upper horizon. Simultaneously with this, the band is limited by a pair of circular knives on the width of 1.1 m, carry out the removal of the surface layer of soil with root tails and Karabash milling to a depth of 0.015-0,035 m When it is cut stubble of cereals and legumes and root of the neck. After milling in the soil layer remain marketable roots and rhizomes of licorice that meets the requirements of international and Russian standards. In the second stage installed in the target sloping racks spurs working body karastergiou layer are cut to a depth of 0.4 m Removable blade spurs working body layer of soil cut width 1.1 m Karastergiou layer up above the ditch and hits the bottom destroy it. Twisted roots of the reservoir is directed to extract and the extraction of roots loosened layer of soil and soil stack to its original state. Stubble remains after milling, as most light particles remain on the surface of the strip and are screen that protects the treated area from wind and water erosion. After drying the roots and rhizomes to the surface of the strip is removed by the pick-up buddy, licorice root. Collected his roots and rhizomes are loaded into dump trailer tractor truck and transported to the technological platform for the primary processing of raw materials received. On washing with roots and rhizomes remove mineral SOR (contents not more than 2%) and roots related plants. Then, they finally dried to reduce the moisture 14-17% at a temperature not above +70^oC. the Dried roots and rhizomes is pressed by the hydraulic press with a force of up to 500 cu in bales weighing up to 200 kg Bales with dimensions 0,h,8h0,4 m tie with metal bands and, in accordance with the requirements of GOST, labeled and sent to the country of the customer in containers with a capacity of 20 and 40 so Each batch has its own inventory number, tag and labeling. Bales are protected from pests and rodents.

Machine for cleaning licorice root is composed of main frame 1, the hinge brackets 2, 3 and 4, the left circular knife 5, right circular knife 6, poke the hydraulic actuator 12 additional frame 8 (see Fig. 1-3).

The main frame 1 includes a supporting member 13, the upper hollow beam 14, the left rack 15 and the right rack 16. A supporting member 13 and the upper hollow beam 14 is made of pipes with wall thickness of 10 and 4 mm Bearing element 13 and the upper hollow beam 14 are interconnected struts 15 and 16. Racks 15 and 16 contain two sidewalls and are interconnected mounting rods 17. On consoles support member 13 are mounted left and right brackets 18 and 19. The aforementioned details of the main frame 1 are interconnected closed ring electric welding seams with leg not less than 5 mm In the middle part of the upper hollow beam 14 posted by top bracket hinge 2, which is equipped with a coaxial sleeve 20, the finger 21 and the remote terminal 22. The lower part of the left rack 15 and the right rack 16 is also equipped with pairs of aligned bushings 23 and 24, which are placed in the fingers 25 and 26 for connection with the lower longitudinal rods attached to the tractor. The sides of the uprights 15 and 16 in the lower parts are interconnected mounting pins 27 and 28 that forms the brackets 3 and 4. The described system of brackets 2, 3 and 4 provides a building-block approach described machine with tractors wheeled and tracked modifications thrust class 3 and 4 TC.

On brackets Scovie knives 5 and 6 are connected with the brackets 18 and 19 through the axes 29, placed in the bearings installed in pairs and properly sealed. The axis 29 of the circular knives 5 and 6, the brackets 18 and 19 are fixed castellated nuts 30. Each of the knives 5 (6) has an annular cutting edge 31, is made on the blade with one-sided sharpening. Spurs work the body 7 of the mounting part is properly mounted on the left-hand bracket 18 and the right bracket 19.

Spurs working body 7 includes a left inclined rack 32, a horizontal knife 33, right angled rack 34 and inclined lifts 35 on the rear end of the horizontal knife 33. Horizontal knife 33 is provided with a detachable blade 36. The front inclined struts 32 and 34 are equipped with blades with cutting edges 37. Inclined lifts 35 is shifted backward from the removable blade 36 and installed with a pitch of 200 mm from each other. Disc blades 5 and 6 and spurs working body 7 is placed on the brackets 18 and 19 of the frame 1. Disc blades 5 and 6 and inclined racks 15 and 16 of the spurs of the working body 7 is placed in longitudinal vertical planes.

Additional frame 8 H-shaped, and has two longitudinal hollow beams 38 and 39 and the transverse beam 40. Longitudinal hollow beams 38 and 39 are made of steel pipes di is United with the racks 15 and 16 of the main frame 1. For this purpose, the side walls of the uprights 15 and 16 are mounted coaxially of the sleeve 41 and 42 to accommodate axles 43. Axis 43 at the ends of the sleeves 41 and 42 are fixed retaining straps 44 and bots 45. The design of the front ends of the longitudinal hollow beams 38 and 39 additional frame 8 and the position of the coaxial sleeves 41 and 42 on the racks 15 and 16 of the main frame 1 to provide a hinged connection of the main and supplemental frames 1 and 8 and transfer the additional frame 8 in transport and working position hydraulic actuator 12. The hydraulic actuator 12 is represented by two power cylinders CA-75 with a stroke of 250 mm Base power drive cylinder 12 is placed on the mounting pins 17 between the side walls of the uprights 15 and 16. The rods of the power cylinders through my fingers and arms connected with the cross beam 40. The hydraulic actuator 12 is remote control extracts the position of the working body of the rotor 10 and the knife drum 9.

Transverse beam 40 in the form of a hollow square beam with dimensions HH mm equipped with two pairs of technological holes, the axes are intersecting. Internal technological pair of apertures transverse hollow beam 40 posted by hollow steel pipe longitudinal beams 38 and 39 and with brittiany technological holes placed hollow cylindrical posts 46 and 47. The rack 46 and 47 with the cross-beam 40 are connected to two pairs of closed circular seams. On the top shelf of the transverse beam 40 welds fixed two U-shaped bracket 48 and 49 to install properly the drive units 11. On the rear ends of the longitudinal beams 38 and 39 are mounted in the housing 50 and 51 to accommodate spherical samostanovlenie ball bearings, end-to-end 52 and 53 deaf caps with oil seals, conical gear 54 of the actuator 11 extracts the rotor 10. The design of the additional frame 8 has a minimum mass not exceeding 167,3 kg and high strength and stiffness of the mating elements. Additional frame 8 is placed knife drum 9, retrieves the rotor 10, the actuator 11 of the knife drum 9 and extracts the rotor 10 and the hydraulic actuator 12.

The actuator 11 of the rotor 10 is made consistent placement in the kinematic chain of bevel gears 56, 58, 54 and the connecting shafts 57 and 59, are mutually connected chain couplings 63, 65, 68 and 69. The actuator 11 extracts the rotor 10 presents telescopic cardan shaft 55, the main bevel gear 56, the left horizontal connecting shaft 57, the upper angular bevel gear 58, a sloped soedinitel and MH connected to the housing 50 at the left longitudinal beam 38. Cardan telescopic shaft 55 provided with a pair of universal joints, one of which is the hinge 60 is provided for connection with slotted shank mounted PTO tractor with a speed of 17^-1(1020 rpm). Drive shaft 61 of the main bevel gear with telescopic cardan shaft 55 is connected by a universal joint. The center of this universal joint is located in the same horizontal line as the axis 43 in coaxial bushings 41 and 42 on the left 15 and right 16 posts of the main frame 1. This is achieved by rotation of the extracts of the rotor 10 when the transfer of the additional frame 8 from the working position to transport position or an intermediate position without breaking the flow of power. The output shaft 62 of the main bevel gear 56 with the upper horizontal connecting shaft 57 is connected by a chain coupling 63. The receiving shaft 64 of the upper angular bevel gear 56 with the connecting shaft 57 is connected chain coupling 65. The upper angular bevel gear 58 is placed on the U-shaped bracket 48 and with it bolted MH and nuts M16 through a pair of flat and spring washers. The output shaft 66 of the upper angular bevel gear 58 with receiving the shaft 67 of the lower angle of the conical ed the extracts of the working body - rotor 10 supply required power, compensate all of misalignment of connected nodes and deformation of individual elements in the frame 8.

Retrieves the working body, the rotor 10 includes a housing 70, the surface of which is defined steps posted by teeth 71. The housing 70 has a pin 72 and 73. The pins 72 and 73 are made splined sleeve that mating with the splined end of the output shaft angular bevel gear 54. Pins 72 and 73 extracts the working body of the rotor 10 is located in building 50 and 51 by means of the double-row self-aligning spherical bearings N pit 11312. The grease in the bearings N pit 11312 filed through the grease fitting 74 on the housings 50 and 51 additional frame 8. The design extracts the working body of the rotor 10 retains its quality when reinstalling the chassis 70 by pins 72 and 73 by means of rotation around the vertical axis by 180^oand resource working edges of the teeth 71 are doubled.

Output shaft 62 of the main bevel gear 56 input power is divided into two streams. The second power flow is directed to drive the cutter drum 9. Knife drum 9 has a body of a hollow thick-walled pipe ins replaceable wear-resistant blades 76. The knives 76 on disks arranged in such a way as to provide a continuous cutting vegetation with their tails root. Pins 77 and 78 of the housing of the knife drum 9 is placed in the bearings 79 and 80 mounted on the lower parts of the telescopic construction 81 and 82. Strut 81 and 82 are mounted in the cylindrical cavities of the racks 46 and 47 additional frame 8. Strut 81 and 82 in the inner cavity of the cylindrical racks 46 and 47 fixed screw mechanisms 83 and 84. For this purpose, in the lower parts of the uprights 46, 81 and 47, 82 welds fixed a pair of U-shaped brackets 85 and 86. In the coaxial holes of the brackets 85 and 86 has a threaded rod in one of the U-shaped brackets (86) fixed nut, and the other U-shaped bracket (85) and the locknut. Screw mechanisms 83 and 84 is securely fixed relative position of the movable telescopic legs 81 and 82 in the cylindrical cavities of the racks 46 and 47. The drive of the cutter drum 9 is placed in the cavity of one of the mates: telescopic strut 82 of the drum 9, a cylindrical hollow strut 47 additional frame 8. The drive of the cutter drum 9 is structurally designed as follows. The drive of the cutter drum 9 is made in the form of a drive shaft 88 with zvezdici chain and covered by the contour of the sprocket on the spline axle knife drum 9. The output shaft 62 of the main bevel gear 56 chain clutch 87 is connected with the drive shaft 88 of the plate drive chain transmission. Drive shaft 88 mounted in a glass of 89 in which is placed a pair of roller bearings, the cover 90 and end-to-end cover with Salnikov seal. Drives the knife drum 9 and retrieves the working body of the rotor 10 on an additional frame 8 is placed outside the working area of the rotor.

The Cup 89 is placed in the upper part of the hollow cylindrical rack 47. A glass of 89 with a rack 47 is connected by welds. The upper part of the rack 47 is equipped with a threaded cap 91 with the annular gasket. Screw cap 91 is required for mounting the leading and the trailing branches plate drive chain. Led by the drive plate drive chain is placed on the right trunnion 78 knife drum 9. Pairing the surface of the strut 82 with the inner surface of the right cylindrical rack 47 is equipped with a seal in the form of rubber rings, recessed in grooves defined steps on the surface of the rack 82. The lower part of the strut 82 also has a threaded cap 92 with the annular gasket. The cavity of the lower part of the strut 82 is filled gear lubricant (LADDER-15 or lavnogo bevel gear 56 and the drive shaft 87 of the drive chain drive place along the common geometric axis. The pair of contacting surfaces of the left telescopic beams 81 and a hollow cylindrical rack 46 is also sealed. For lubrication of the radial bearing of the left trunnion 77 knife drum 9 is laid grease through the threaded cap 93 on the bottom of the rack 81. The directions of rotations of the knife drum 9 and retrieves the working body of the rotor 10 shown in Fig. 1 and 3.

Machine for cleaning licorice root works as follows. The main frame 1 by means of the fingers 21, 25 and 26 connecting rods mounted system mounted to the tractor T-150K, W-C, W-100) and with the hinge brackets 2, 3 and 4. Traction system mounted mounted tractor collected on the "three-point" scheme setup. Tractor PTO tuned to the frequency of rotation of the 17^-1(1020 rpm). Traction system mounted tractor must be equipped with a locking circuits, precluding lateral displacement of the main frame 1 relative to the longitudinal vertical plane of symmetry (tolerance 10 mm). Universal joint 60 is connected with a slotted shank tractor PTO and block properly against axial displacement. The high pressure hoses and tees connect the cavity power drive cylinder 12. Many times periotome. Hydromancy tractor main frame 1 of the machine is transferred to the transport position and Vice versa. Then include the tractor PTO and idling of the engine check the rotation of the cutter drum 9 and retrieves the working body of the rotor 10. Eliminate identified deficiencies in accordance with the instruction manual hold grease bearings, pour gear lubricant oil in the case of gears 56, 58 and 54. Then compare the condition of the cutting edges of the knives 76 with standard cutting edges 37 inclined struts 32 and 34 and removable blades on the horizontal knife 33.

In a selected area of natural thickets licorice cut above-ground shoots. Cut stems together with other plants harvested as forage for animals. Depending on operating conditions, determine the direction of movement of the cleaning unit. At the steady state motion of the Assembly-left 5 and right 6 disc knives vertically cut karastergiou layer of soil, vegetation and root residues on the surface of the thickets of licorice. The cutting edges 31 of the disk blades 5 and 6 are cut layer of soil to a depth of... 0,15 0,10 m In target disk knives 5 and 6 are moved inclined racks 32 and 34. The cutting edges 37 inclined struts 32 and a forward movement of the main frame 1, knife drum 9 with its replaceable knives 76 cuts and grinds plants, their lobes, the soil layer at a depth of 1.5. ..3.5 cm, stubble-ground shoots and Karabash licorice. Milling the top layer of the soil associated with roots of wild plants in licorice-grass associations allows you to mulch the top layer. Cutting edge replacement blades simultaneously removed from the roots and rhizomes of licorice subsistence parts thereof: stubble of vegetative shoots and Karabash with renewal buds and annual verevochki roots. Trimmed on the sides karastergiou layer is cut horizontally cutting edge detachable blade on the front end of the horizontal knife 33. Cut around the perimeter of the layer of soil sliding on the horizontal surface of the knife 33 and comes to inclined lifts 35. Inclined lifts 35 cut in the reservoir rises above the ditch section 0,41,1 m due to backwater uncut layer cut layer is moved to the teeth 71 extracts the working body of the rotor 10. The edges of the teeth 71 is made of a shock impact on karastergiou layer in the direction from the bottom of the ditch to the side of the surface. The lower layers of the soil fall down and lie on the bottom of the ditch. From the divide the th soil sequentially stacked quasimoney layer, shredded cutting of roots and stems of wild plants and peeled roots and rhizomes of licorice. The degree of powder extracted the roots and rhizomes of licorice soil layer up to 5 cm, no more than 5...7% of the total mass. The crushed roots of plants, the remains of Karabash and residues exclude the processes of wind erosion in the summer, and during the spring flood - water erosion in flood-prone areas and on slopes. The extracted roots and rhizomes of licorice at the time of harvest have humidity of 40% and above. Due to natural ventilation, its relative humidity is reduced to 20...24%. Whole roots and rhizomes with minimal losses are removed by the pick-up of licorice roots UCS-1.5 design of the all-Russian research Institute of irrigated agriculture. The same pick-up roots and rhizomes are loaded into tractor trailer truck DOG-12B capacity is 6 tons In the future, the roots and rhizomes of licorice are cleaned, audit and pressed into bales with dimensions 0,h,8h0,4. Weight bales of 200 kg of 3%.

Thus, the above data confirm that the implementation of the use of the claimed invention cumulative conditions: the claimed method and machine are designed for use in agriculture and the tobacco, canning and food industries, as well as industrial raw material to extract the main components of the Pharmacopoeia, pharmaceuticals, and perfumes, this machine can be used as a tillage tool to bookmark perennial crops licorice on the primary crop rotation fields in irrigated agriculture, the creation of vineyards, fruit plantations with a clonal rootstocks, decorative and protective plantation; the possibility of carrying out the invention is achieved by means of known methods and tools; the proposed method of harvesting the roots environmentally friendly and allows the extraction of roots on all types of soil and land, as well as in floodplains and flooded grasslands, the method of harvesting the roots has a positive effect on soil and strip mining the roots and rhizomes of licorice in the next two or three years allows you to reclaim and restore the stocks in natural Bush with higher productivity by 20-30% than in control plots.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "industrial applicability" under the current law.

1. The method of harvesting of licorice roots, including mowing ground shoots and stems of related plants in epifanie, stemming and separation karastergiou soil in the ditch, characterized in that the continuous movement of the cutting surface soil with root tails and Karabash conduct milling to a depth of 0.015 - 0,035 m, podkapyvanii karastergiou formation - mainly along the perimeter of a rectangle with sides of 0.4 to 1.1 m at a depth of 80 - 90% of the biological root mass, recovery of commercial roots of the cut karastergiou layer carry out strikes from the bottom up from the ditch layer and separation karastergiou soil layer in the drain - source location genetic horizons.

2. Machine for the production of licorice roots, containing frame and successively installed on it spurs the working body that retrieves the working body and the actuator, characterized in that it is equipped with disc blades, an auxiliary frame and knife drum with drive, with knife pulley is located between the spurs and retrieves working bodies.

3. Machine under item 2, characterized in that the knife cylinder and the actuator are mounted on an additional frame.

4. Machine under item 2, characterized in that the knife drum is equipped with telescopic stand is correctly connected with them screw mechanisms.

5. Machine for PP.2 and 4, characterized in that the drive of the knife drum is placed in the cavity of one of the mates: telescopic front of the drum is a cylindrical hollow hour additional frame.

6. Machine under item 2, characterized in that the drive of the knife drum is made in the form of a drive shaft with an asterisk under the profile of the toothed chain, a closed path with the leading and the trailing branches of the toothed chain and covered by the contour of the driven sprocket on the spline axle knife drum.

7. Machine for PP.2 and 3, characterized in that the knife drum and retrieves the working body are mounted sequentially on the additional frame.

8. Machine under item 2, characterized in that the spurs work the body has a horizontal knife with removable blade on the front side and shifted back from removable blades inclined lifts, the horizontal knife frame associated counters and cutting edges on the front.

9. Machine under item 2, characterized in that the frame is pivotally connected with the auxiliary frame and associated with a hydraulic actuator for translating the additional frame in the working and transport position.

10. Machine under item 2, characterized in that the Noi frame.

11. Machine under item 10, characterized in that the drive of the rotor is made consistent placement in the kinematic chain of bevel gears and a connecting shaft, mutually connected chain couplings.

12. Machine under item 5 or 11, characterized in that the actuators knife drum and retrieves the working body for extra frame located outside the working area of the rotor.

13. Machine for PP.2 and 8, characterized in that the disk knives and spurs working body is placed on the brackets of the frame, with a rotary blade and inclined racks spurs of the working body are placed sequentially in longitudinal vertical planes.