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RussianPatents.com
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Electric energy generating device using waste-gas heat Claim describes electric energy generating device (1) using waste gas (2) heat formed during operation of a combustion engine (3), the device includes a generator (4) with inlet (5) and outlet (6) for waste gas and a heat exchange section (7) between them with a variety of flowing channels (8) for waste gas (2), which are surrounded at least partially by thermoelectric cells (9) connected by a heat-conducting connection to the cooler (11) by their side (10) faced away from the flowing channels (8). |
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Fuel cell system and method of its control Fuel cell system (100) comprises fuel cell (1) to generate power by electrochemical reaction between oxidiser gas fed to oxidiser electrode (34) and fuel gas fed to fuel electrode (67). Fuel gas feed system (HS) feeds fuel gas to fuel electrode (67). Controller (40) serves to control the fuel gas feed system (HS) in feed of fuel gas to fuel electrode (67). Note here that said controller changes the pressure when fuel electrode inlet is closed. Note also that said controller (40) varies fuel gas pressure nearby fuel electrode on the basis of pressure variation first profile for control over pressure at first pressure difference (DP1). |
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Superconductive multiphase cable system method of its manufacturing and application Invention is related to superconductive multiphase cable system of direct or alternating current for the purpose of electric energy distribution with fluid cooling, and the system contains a) a cable with at least three electrical wires being at least three phases and a zero or neutral wire, at that the above electrical wires are isolated from each other electrically and b) heat insulation setting the central longitudinal axis and having inner surface surrounding the cable, at that the above inner surface of the above heat insulation forms a radial limit for the cooling chamber intended for cooling of fluid used for cooling of the above electrical wires. The invention is also related to the method of the cable system manufacturing and its application. |
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Casting compound includes an epoxy diane resin ED-20 in an amount 100 wt. p., a hardener, a plastisiser - trichloroethylphosphate (TCEP) and a filling agent - crushed basalt with a particle size of 125-315 mcm, and as a hardener it contains polyethylenepolyamine PEPA with the following component ratio, wt. p.: epoxy diane resin ED-20 - 100, polyethylenepolyamine PEPA - 10-15; trichloroethylphosphate TCEP - 20-30; crushed basalt - 40-60. |
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Pulsed X-ray tube comprises a metal housing in form of a hollow cylinder, one base of which is connected to the larger base of an insulator which is made in form of a hollow truncated cone and is placed outside the housing, and the other base of the housing is connected to an X-ray exit window and a cathode mounted on a holder, having axially symmetric openings relative to an anode which is made in form of a cylindrical rod which changes into a cone and is directed towards the window, an anode lead which passes on the axis of the device in the cavity of the insulator and is connected to its smaller base. The holder is in form of a cup, in the cylindrical part of which through-grooves are uniformly formed around its periphery and perpendicular to the bottom, said grooves changing into notches in the bottom of the cup; the cathode is made of polyacrylonitrile carbon fibres, arranged radially relative to the axis of the device and attached to the bottom of the cup, for example, by a thin metal ring using spot welding, wherein the faces of some ends of the polyacrylonitrile carbon fibres form a boundary of the cathode opening, and the other ends are clamped in notches between the bottom of the cup and the outer surface of the housing. |
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Invention refers to X-ray equipment and can be used for the development of pulse-type X-ray tubes to be applied in small X-ray apparatuses. A pulse-type X-ray tube comprises a metal casing in the form of a hollow cylinder with one its base being connected to the greater base of an insulator which is made as a hollow truncated cone and set beyond the casing, and the other casing base being connected to a X-radiation output window and a cathode, a pointed anode passes through the hole in the centre of the cathode perpendicular to the latter in the direction to the window. The tube is fitted by the first protective shield presented as a cup formed by a hollow cylinder with one its base being connected to the casing and the other - to the greater base of the hollow truncated cone while the smaller base of the latter with a hole in the centre is turned to the smaller base of the insulator. The pointed anode terminal passes through the hole in the first protective shield to the insulator cavity and is connected to its smaller base. The second protective shield, for example, made as a disk, coaxial to the pointed anode and installed in the same volume with it with the volume being limited by the first protective shield, and diameters of the hole in the cathode D1, of the second protective shield D2, of the hole in the first protective shield D3, distance between the upper surface of the second protective shield and the plane of the cathode location S1, distance between the upper surface of the second protective shield and the outer surface of the smaller base of the hollow truncated cone at the first protective shield S2 are interrelated according to the following ratio (D2-D1)/S1≥(D3-D2)/S2, the cathode is made from the material having surface nanostructure, for example, from polyacrylonitrile carbon fibres set on a substrate and directed by the radius perpendicular to the device axis, the end faces of the carbon fibres form the border of the cathode hole and are fixed on the substrate by, for example, a metal disk in the form of a ring by spot welding. |
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High-voltage power circuit-breaker with contact gap equipped with elegas-diverting elements Invention is related to a system of switching device with a contact gap (6), which is surrounded by an insulating nozzle (7) at least partially. The insulating nozzle (7) has a nozzle passage (8) included into the gas heating volume (10). Inside of the gas heating element (10) there is a deflector element (14a, 14b), which has support inside the defector channel (15a, 15b). |
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Image acquisition solid-state device Image acquisition solid-state device has the first substrate equipped with a photoelectric transducer at its primary surface, the first structure of wiring layout having the first contact area which contains a conducting material, the second substrate equipped with a part of peripheral circuit having its contact area at its primary surface and the second structure of wiring layout which contains a conducting material. Moreover the first contact area and the second contact area are connected so that the first substrate, the first structure of wiring layout, the second structure of wiring layout and the second substrate are place in the specified order. Besides, the conducting material of the first contact area and the conducting material of the second contact area are surrounded by diffusion-preventing films. |
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Method to make hybrid integral circuit of microwave band Method for manufacturing of powerful hybrid integral circuit of microwave band includes manufacturing of a multilayer dielectric substrate, application of metal-sprayed coatings of the layout to each dielectric layer and earthing metal coating at the reverse side of the lower layer of the multilayer dielectric substrate, adjustment of via openings in dielectric layers, sintering and annealing, placement and fixture of the multilayer dielectric substrate by the earthing metal coating to electricity- and heat-conducting base, placement and fixture of an active heat-generating component in each via opening with placement of their faces in the same plane, electrical connection of bond areas of the active heat-generating component to the layout metal-sprayed coatings of the multilayer dielectric substrate. At that one part of some dielectric layers is made with via opening having cross-section proportioned to the active heat-generating component exceeding less than 0.5 mm, the other part is made with less cross-section at the ratio of their cross-sections ratio of 1.4-10 respectively, via openings in the latter are filled with the material of metal-sprayed coating, and while forming sequence of the multilayer dielectric substrate some dielectric layers with bigger cross-section are placed at its face while the other layers with less cross-section are placed at the reverse side. |
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Invention can be used to emit light using light-emitting diodes (LED). The LED apparatus includes a metal substrate having a reflective surface, and a plurality of LED chips mounted directly to the reflective surface of the metal substrate to allow for heat dissipation, wherein at least some of the LED chips are spaced apart from each other to allow reflection of light from a portion of the reflective surface which is located between portions of the LED chips, as well as an electrical circuit formed by connecting LED chips to each other. |
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Semiconductor infrared photodiode Invention relates to semiconductor optoelectronics, specifically to infrared detectors, and can find application in spectrometers, detection and monitoring systems, security, fire-protection and communication systems. The infrared photodiode (1) has p and n regions (2, 3, 7) with current-conducting opaque contacts (4, 5) and an active region which is electrically connected to the p-n junction (6), wherein one or more contacts on the surface of the region which receives photons from the investigated object have a common perimeter, the value of which is selected from a range of values associated with the current spreading length. Contacts on the surface of the region receiving photons from the investigated object have elements with a repeating geometric shape, e.g. in form of a spiral or cellular structure. The active region of the photodiode is made of INAsSb, InAs, InGaAsSb, and the layer on the illuminated side is made of INAs1-x-y SbxPy (o<x<0.2, y=(2-2.2)·x) and has contacts from a series of metal layers Cr-Au1-w-Znw-Ni-Au, wherein the Cr layer adjoins the surface of the p region, and w=0.01-0.2. |
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Invention relates to the field of thermal electricity. The invention concept is as follows: insulating substrate (12) is equipped with the first (18) and second (20) junction areas. At the substrate (12) there is the first formed assembly of conductor or semiconductor elements (14) passing in parallel and in the first direction from the first (18) junction area up to the second (20) one. At the other side of the substrate (12) there is the second assembly of or semiconductor elements (22) insulated electrically from the first assembly and passing in the direction opposite from the first direction, from the first junction area (18) up to the second (20) one. In the junction areas (18, 20) the electrical connecting elements (24) connect the elements (14) and (22) of the first and second assemblies. Two elements (14, 22) of the same assembly are separated in preset direction at the preset average distance (d1, d2) in the junction areas (18, 20). The average size (P) of the connecting elements (24) in the preset direction is bigger than a maximum value of average distances (d1, d2) between elements of the same assembly. The distance (E) in the preset direction between edges of two connecting elements (24) is less than minimum values of average distances (d1, d2) between elements of the same assembly. |
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Method of manufacturing thermoelectrical cooling element As a material for a thermoelement used is a polymer material - polyaniline, doped with various chemical additives. Production of the polymer material with p- and n- conductivity is realised by a process of electropolymerisation from a water solution of aniline and hydrochloric acid with chemical additives. |
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Method of producing heteroepitaxial silicon carbide films on silicon substrate Invention relates to the technology of producing semiconductor materials and can be used in making semiconductor devices. The method of producing heteroepitaxial silicon carbide films on a silicon substrate involves obtaining a film on the surface of a substrate by ion-plasma magnetron sputtering of one polycrystalline silicon carbide target while heating the substrate to temperature of 950-1400°C in an Ar atmosphere. |
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Method of inspecting quality of led structure Method of inspecting the quality of a light-emitting diode (LED) structure involves detecting radiation of the LED structure, processing the radiation to obtain characteristics of the LED structure, which are then used to determine the quality of the LED structure, wherein for each LED structure from a batch of items, the electroluminescence spectrum is recorded, the recorded spectrum is constructed in semi-logarithmic scale, the short-wave region of the obtained spectrum is divided into sections which are approximated with a certain relationship, and the approximated sections with maximum and minimum inclination are selected; the maximum and minimum temperature of the LED structure on the selected sections is determined, the average temperature difference value is calculated, the temperature difference value for each LED structure is compared with an average, if the temperature difference value is greater than the average value, the structure is of low quality. |
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In accumulator battery containing a jar, anode and cathode terminals, a handle for transportation, a cover, electrolyte, positive and negative electrode plates, a dielectric separator, a ventilation opening with a safety valve, a flame arrester, a gas separator, according to the claimed invention there is outer thermal insulation of the jar and an electrolyte heater interconnected electrically, an electronic control programmable module, ampere-hour integrating summing unit, liquid-crystal display, electrolyte temperature sensor, which are joined structurally as a detachable cartridge removed from the cover when a positive or negative electrode plate fails, at that the electronic control programmable module is coupled to the anode and cathode terminals and electrolyte heater while the ampere-hour integrating summing unit is equipped with a storage and service ampere-hour counters. |
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Thermal lithium current source Invention relates to electrical engineering industry and can be used in production of thermal chemical sources. According to the invention in the thermal lithium current source between a capsular-type ignition device and Z-shaped pyrotechnical strip there is a metal disc with diameter equal to the diameter of the unit of electrochemical cells and with a central opening equal to 0.25-0.50 of width of the Z-shaped pyrotechnical strip. |
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Nanostructured electrode for pseudocapacitive energy accumulation Claimed is a nanoporous matrix structure, representing a substrate from an anodised aluminium oxide (AAO), which is used to create a pseudocapacitor with high density of accumulated energy. A pseudocapacitive material is conformally deposited on the side walls of the AAO substrate by an atomic layer deposition, chemical deposition from a vapour phase and/or electrochemical deposition with application of a nucleation layer. Thickness of the pseudocapacitive material on the walls can be accurately regulated in the process of deposition. The AAO is subjected to etching to form a body of cylindrical and structurally stable nanotubes from the pseudocapacitive material with cavities made in them. As the AAO substrate, acting as a bearing framework, is removed, and the only active pseudocapacitive material remains, energy per weight unit is brought to the maximum. In addition, the nanotubes can be separated from the substrate, and in order to obtain the pseudocapasitor electrode, the freely located nanotubes with randomised orientation can be deposited on the conducting substrate. |
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Invention is related to high-voltage engineering and, in particular, to high-voltage bushing insulators to ensure electrical insulation of conductor. The invention develops the electric bushing insulator which contains at least, two sheets of conductive foil placed concentrically around the conductor seat; and at least one FGM-part made of the material intended for field balancing and at least part of the edge (205/405) of the conductive foil sheet, at least partially elongated; the FGM-part and conductive foil sheet at which extension the FGM-part is placed are in electric contact with each other. |
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Metallic retaining plate for fuel cell with cover film on its surface and method of its production Invention relates to production of steel retaining plate for fuel cell that features rust and contact resistance at both initial stage and after effects of high temperature and/or moisture content in fuel element for a long time. Proposed method comprises preparation of stainless steel sheet as a metal retaining plate matrix. Intermittent cover film is formed at stainless steel sheet surface. Note here that said cover film contains at least one substance selected from the following matters, i.e. gold (Au), platinum (Pt), ruthenium (Ru), iridium (Ir), ruthenium oxide (RuO2) and iridium oxide (IrO2). Said sheet with intermittent film is thermally treated to form oxide film on the part of stainless steel sheet whereat cover film is not formed. |
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Bipolar battery consists of electric-energy generating component that is formed by means of stacking a variety of bipolar electrodes in which the electrode layer is formed at the front and rear sides of the current tap through the layer of electrolyte; a resilient metal part contacting the electric-energy generating component so that it contacts the electric-energy generating component in point or linear contact when external force is applied to it and so that it contacts the electric-energy generating component in surface contact when external force is applied to it; and external cover material envisaged for embedding of the electric-energy generating component in it and the resilient metal part, which inner pressure is set less than atmospheric pressure so that the resilient metal part is forced to contact the electric-energy generating component in surface contact due to pressure difference between inner pressure and atmospheric pressure. |
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Invention relates to a polyolefin composition with improved dielectric strength of insulation, to a wire or cable, in particular to a cable of middle, high or superhigh voltage, which includes such composition, as well as to application of such composition for production of wire or cable, in particular a cable of medium, high and superhigh voltage. Polyolefin composition contains polyolefin (A) and benzyl derivative (B) of a certain structure. Benzyl derivative (B) is used in the polyolefin composition as an additive for stabilisation of dielectric strength. |
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Electrochemical device with solid alkaline ion-conducting electrolyte and water electrolyte Claimed invention relates to a ceramic membrane, conducting alkaline cations, in which at least a part of the surface is covered with a layer of an organic cation-conducting polyelectrolyte, which is insoluble and chemically stable in water at basic pH. The invention also relates to an electrochemical device, which includes such membrane, used as a solid electrolyte, which contacts with liquid electrolyte, consisting of a water solution of alkali metal hydroxide. |
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Accumulator battery with composite terminal lead Invention is related to power supply sources, in particular to self-contained power sources using accumulator batteries installed, for example, at vehicles that demand diagnostics and status control as well as protection from unauthorised access. Design of the claimed accumulator battery envisages placement of a pin contact integrated into the integrated circuit package of the unit, for example, of a control unit or diagnostics unit for the accumulator battery, inside the coupled part of the composite terminal lead capable to form an integral part of the whole. Interface with peripheral unit is ensured through data receipt and transmission bus without use of additional wires or datable connections, and additional terminal is not required at the accumulator battery jar. When installed at a vehicle the suggested accumulator battery together with the above control unit is an ideal antitheft device excluding possibility of unauthorised access to the control circuit. |
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Invention is aimed at recording of applied linear accelerations in automatic systems of aircrafts and safety systems of vehicles. An inertia switch comprises a casing, an axial guide, an inertia block with radial projections set on the guide, a drive for contacts, movable rotary bushes set coaxially in each other and in respect to the inertia block which are fitted by inclined grooves in the side walls for the interaction with radial projections of the inertia block at its translational motion. The inclined grooves are inclined to the opposite sides. Permanent magnets are installed on the one of the bushes, and the bushes are made from nonmagnetic metal with high electric conductivity. |
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Device for chemical-dynamical etching of germanium substrates In device for chemical-dynamical etching of germanium substrates including a platform with reaction vessels capable of orbital motion in horizontal plane the above platform is made as a chute with cylindrical baths, at that at the bath bottoms there are discs of inserts with horizontal plates placed with their substrate upwards, besides hub caps of the baths are capable to limit a thickness of the etchant layer on the plates surface and the bath bottom can be cooled by running water. |
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Invention relates to quantum electronic engineering. The integrated injection laser includes an upper control region of second conductivity type which adjoins an upper waveguide layer, a lower control region of second conductivity type which adjoins a lower waveguide layer, a lower control region of first conductivity type which adjoins a substrate at the top and the lower control region of second conductivity type at the bottom to form a p-n junction, an ohmic contact to the lower control region of first conductivity type, a control metal contact adjoining the upper control region of second conductivity type at the top to form a Schottky junction. The lower boundary of the conduction band of the lower waveguide layer lies below the lower boundary of the conduction band of the quantum-size active region and higher than the lower boundary of the conduction band of the upper waveguide layer. The upper boundary of the valence band of the lower waveguide layer lies below the upper boundary of the valence band of the active region and higher than the upper boundary of the valence band of the upper waveguide layer. |
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Invention relates to quantum electronics and more specifically to active laser media. The active laser medium includes metal nanoparticles and a phosphor, wherein the laser active centres used are metal nanoparticles surrounded by a cladding which is silica and contains a phosphor whose luminescence spectrum overlaps the surface plasmon resonance peak of the metal nanoparticles. |
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Amplifying lens for double-reflector antenna Invention relates to antenna engineering, particularly large-diameter antennae and large parabolic reflectors, and can be used in fields where there is need to considerably increase antenna sensitivity for observing small-size sources. The engineering problem is increasing sensitivity of a double-reflector antenna for observing point sources without considerably increasing overall weight of the structure and enabling deployment of the structure in space. Said problem is solved by combining a double-reflector antenna with an additional amplifying lens, which is a truncated right circular cone whose diameter is greater than the diameter of the main parabolic reflector, the height is approximately 3 times shorter than the diameter of the main parabolic reflector, and a cone-shaped convergent mirror for the additional amplifying lens. |
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Electrical contact coupling for tracked vehicle Invention is related to electrical contact coupling for tracked vehicles, in particular, for railway vehicles. The contact coupling consists of a body (1), a protective hinged cover (4), and a sealing gasket (3). In the body (1) there is an opening (2) made at end surface of the body. The protective hinged cover is pinned to the body (1) so that it can be rotated in regard to the fixed axis of rotation. The sealing gasket has the upper sealing area (3a) parallel to the axis of rotation and the lower sealing area (3b) continued in parallel to the axis of rotation. The section of contact area interacting with the upper sealing area (3a) in the closed position of the cover is made as sealing surface (5a) and oriented perpendicular to the end surface. The section of contact area interacting with the lower sealing area (3b) in the closed position of the cover is made as sealing surface (5b) and oriented in parallel to the end surface. |
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Structure for vehicle accumulator battery unit accommodation Vehicle accumulator battery unit accommodation structure includes vehicle body panel, the first, the second and the third components of panel. The first panel component is rigidly fixed to vehicle body panel and includes the first side wall and base wall. The second panel component is rigidly fixed to the first panel component and includes the second side wall and the first section of peripheral wall. The third panel component is rigidly fixed to the second panel component so that the first, the second and the third components of panel form outward-opening space for accumulator battery accommodation. The third panel component includes the second section of peripheral wall which section interacts with the first section of peripheral wall. The first, the second and the third components of panel are formed independently as separate parts and connected together. The first section of peripheral wall goes in peripheral direction of outward-opening space relative to the second side wall. The second section of peripheral wall goes in peripheral direction of outward-opening space relative to the first side wall. Method of assembling the mentioned vehicle accumulator battery unit accommodation structure. |
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Surge arrester has a trigatron structure and contains the anode (3) and cathode (1) with axial bore where a control electrode (2) is placed in the form of a rod separated from the cathode by an insulator (4). The control electrode is placed at the same level with cathode and a ceramic insulator is placed outside the spark gap of the cathode and control electrode. At the inner surface of the ceramic insulator having diameter of the opening equal to the control electrode diameter there is a trigger coating (5) based, for example, on colloidal graphite. |
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Invention is aimed at measurement of applied linear accelerations in the automatic systems of flying objects. An inertia switch comprises the following units set on the axis: a basic inertia block held by a magnetic system, and a movable rotary drive with a groove in the side wall and a bridging unit set on it and intended for switching of contacts of the contact system, a casing with a sloped groove with its angular length exceeding the angular length of the groove in the movable rotary drive by the angle sufficient for contact switching, two projections set diametrically on an additional inertia block made as a bush interacting with the casing groove and the movable rotary drive groove, the bush is mounted on the basic inertia block and is pressed by a spring in the axial direction with the possibility of mutual axial movement, the axial stroke of the basic inertia block in respect to the bush is not less than its possible axial stroke up to full stop, the force produced by the spring exceeds the force produced by the basic inertia block at the operating acceleration set point for which the inertia switch is adjusted, and the diametrical projections are fixed on the bush, the prominent inner ends of the projections are inserted in the circular grooving made on the basic inertia block. |
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Flat battery is proposed; it comprises an energy generating element set in the inside space which is formed by the pressurisation of the external outer edges of the elements and a shell, a collector connected to the plate electrode of the energy generating element, and an electrode output led out of the external outer edges of the shell elements. The electrode output is fitted by a conductive segment covering and connected to the collector, and a stress-relieving segment made from the material with its elasticity being higher than that of the conductive segment material. Thus, formation of folds in the collector or the electrode output can be prevented as well as breaks in welded joints due to the difference in the expansion/compression degree between the collector and the electrode output. |
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Invention relates to X-ray engineering. A radiation source (19) for generating X-rays for analysing an object (16) comprises a first carbon nanotube (1) on a first substrate (3) for emitting first electrons (28) and a second carbon nanotube (2) on a second substrate (4) for emitting second electrons (29); a target (13); a focusing unit (7, 9) for focusing first and second electrons on the target to generate first X-ray photons having a first trajectory (14) and second X-ray photons having a second trajectory (15). The focusing unit is adapted to be controlled such that the first and second trajectories spatially overlap before reaching the analysed object such that the trajectories of the first and second X-ray photons are distinguished from each other. |
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Twelve-phase transformer-coupled phase converter Invention is related to converter equipment and may be used for manufacturing of rectifiers for direct and alternating-current electric controlled drives in order to improve their operational speed. Twelve-phase transformer-coupled phase converter consists of a three-phase converter having three wye- (or delta-) connected coils of the primary winding coupled to the three-phase network with zero wire, six interconnected coils of the secondary windings with taps from turns. Each coil of the secondary winding of the transformer is a side of the hexagon circuit that converts a symmetric three-phase system of voltage into six-phase system of voltage. Each tap of the secondary winding coil turn is one of outputs of the symmetric twelve-phase voltage system of the converter. Voltage of the twelve-phase voltage system depends on a voltage value of the six-phase system and is related to it as per the following ratio: U12=U6Cos30°/Cos15°=0.897U6. |
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Nanosize structure with quasi-one-dimensional conducting tin fibres in gaas lattice Invention relates to nanosize semiconductor structures comprising a system of quasi-one-dimensional conducting channels used to make nanoelectronic and nanophotonic devices. The technical result is increase in electron concentration in the active region of the nanostructure. The nanostructure obtained from molecular beam epitaxy contains a monocrystalline semi-insulating vicinal substrate of GaAs (100) with misorientation angle of 0.3°-0.4° in the <011> direction, a buffer undoped layer of GaAs, a tin delta-doped layer which covers the undoped GaAs layer and a silicon-doped contact layer of GaAs. During epitaxy, a system of atomically smooth terraces separated by steps with monoatomic thickness is formed on the surface of the buffer layer. During doping, tin atoms accumulate near the steps as a result of surface diffusion to form conducting nanofibres of tin atoms lying in one plane parallel to each other. |
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Invention relates to radio communication and particularly to methods of increasing stealthiness of radio-frequency radiating means operating with a pseudorandom operational frequency readjustment signal. The transmitting end divides an input signal into information units presented in binary form; a reflected signal arises when a signal is emitted into space at the frequency position fj of the pseudorandom operational frequency readjustment cycle when an airborne radio reconnaissance means enters the lobe of the beam pattern of the antenna of the radio-frequency radiating means, said signal also propagating towards the antenna of the radio-frequency radiating means. After the radio-frequency radiating means emits the radio signal on said pseudorandom operational frequency readjustment cycle, the frequency of the emitted radio signal fj changes to fk. The frequency of the previous pseudorandom operational frequency readjustment cycle fj for transmission is freed, while simultaneously turning on a receiver tuned to fj, and analysing presence of a reflected signal. If a reflected signal is present, the radio-frequency radiating means turns off its transmitter for the time during which the airborne radio reconnaissance means flies through lobe of the beam pattern of the antenna. |
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Narrow-band SHF-filter comprises a dielectric substrate, at one side of which there is a grounding screen, and at the other side - a microstrip structure, which realises filter elements with link chains. At the same time the microstrip structure includes six resonators, two capacitors for connection of a signal source and a load, five capacitors to provide an electric connection between neighbouring resonators, and also a transformer on joined transmission lines, which is connected by two arms between the non-neighbouring first and fourth resonators, and two its other arms are closed to the grounding screen, and a trimmer capacitor coupled between the non-neighbouring fourth and sixth resonators. At that coupling between of the neighbouring first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth resonators is of capacitance type, coupling between the non-neighbouring first and third resonators is of inductance type, and coupling between the non-neighbouring fourth and sixth resonators is of capacitance type. |
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Shared source antenna and method of making shared source antenna for generating multiple beams Invention relates to antenna engineering. A shared source antenna for simultaneous generation of multiple of beams comprises multiple elementary sources spaced apart by a constant interval (P) and a parabolic reflector, wherein the elementary sources are combined into a number of identical subarrays, each subarray comprising a number of peripheral elementary sources and a central elementary source, wherein each subarray is designed for beam synthesis and has a single excitation source, wherein elementary sources of each subarray are connected to each other on phase through electromagnetic radiation of the central elementary source to peripheral elementary sources, and two series subarrays comprise at least one common elementary source and are offset by a distance which corresponds to a predefined number of intervals (P), which is greater than or equal to one. |
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Reflector array and antenna having said reflector array Invention relates to a reflector array for a reflector array antenna. The reflector array comprises a plurality of elementary radiating elements forming a reflecting surface with no abrupt transitions, wherein each radiating element of the reflecting surface is selected from a set of predetermined consecutive radiating elements, called the pattern, the first (1) and last (9) elements of the pattern correspond to one phase, modulo 360°, and are identical, and the radiating elements (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) of the pattern have a radiating structure of metal patch type and/or of radiating aperture type, that gradually changes from one radiating element to another adjacent radiating element, the change in the radiating structure comprising a succession of gradual growths of at least one metal patch (25) and/or at least one aperture (27) and appearances of at least one metal patch (25) in an aperture (27) and/or at least one aperture (27) in a metal patch (25). |
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Invention relates to automotive industry, particularly, to automotive storage batteries. Storage battery comprises application unit (AU) to define and/or process the storage unit operating parameters. Besides, storage battery incorporates cryptography unit (CU) for cryptographic processing of defined and/or processed operating parameters. Besides, it comprises communication interface (IF1, IF2) to output cryptographically processed working parameters. |
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Semiconductor growing method and semiconductor device Group of inventions is related to semiconductor materials. A method (version 1) includes provision of a reaction chamber, a semiconductor substrate, a precursor gas or precursor gases, epitaxial CVD growing of a doped semiconductor material at the substrate in the reaction chamber in order to form the first layer, blowing of the reaction chamber with a gas mixture including hydrogen and halogen-containing gas with reduction of dopant memory effect without removal of the respective precipitated layer from the reaction zone and epitaxial CVD growing of the doped semiconductor material at the above substrate in the reaction chamber in order to form the second layer. The semiconductor device contains the semiconductor material received by the above method. The method (version 2) includes introduction of a new semiconductor substrate in the above reaction chamber after the above blowing process and epitaxial CVD growing of the doped semiconductor material at the above new semiconductor substrate. |
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Proposed tool has motor, case, handle damping material, manual working element mode selector, movable element and resilient element. Damping material is arranged between case and handle to connect them so that both can displace relative to each other in axial direction of bit. Manual working element is driven by motor, arranged at said handle and shifted from ON position to OFF position. Mode selector is arranged and tool case to select between first mode whereat said bit is continuously operated and second mode whereat it is driven selectively. Movable element can shift said bit with the help of said mode selector. Resilient element is arranged at vibration transfer path. Said resilient element prevents vibration transfer to handle with mode selector at first ON mode and locks the working element at movable element IN position. |
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Method of producing thin-film polymer nanocomposites for superdense magnetic information recording Method of producing polymer nanocomposites in form of thin films for superdense information recording involves producing a precursor consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, water and a mixture of water-soluble salts of ferric and ferrous iron, followed by treatment with at least one water-soluble dialdehyde at pH 0-3 in the presence of an acid as an acidifying agent, obtaining a thin film on a dielectric nonmagnetic substrate depositing the precursor on a substrate rotating on a centrifuge to form a gel film, treating the obtained gel film with an alkali, the alkali being added in an amount allows complete alkaline hydrolysis of the mixture of iron salts to form a mixture of magnetite or maghemite. The obtained gel film is treated with the alkali in ammonia vapour which is formed from aqueous ammonia solution (NH4OH) or hydrazine hydrate (N2H4·H2O) for 5.0-15.0 hours. |
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Method to operate electrochemical capacitors Invention refers to the field of electric engineering and to a method of electrochemical capacitors operation. The suggested method includes connection of a capacitor to a current source, its charge up to the preset voltage, cassation of charge, and discharge, at that the temperature of the capacitor is measured preliminarily and against this temperature the maximum operating voltage of the charge excluding gas release is defined, and a calculation is made of the maximum charging voltage Umax, which is limited as per the formula Umax=k·t+b, where k and b are coefficients determined experimentally and depending on peculiarities of the capacitor design, t is the temperature, at that current of floating charge is calculated to measure coefficients k and b. |
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Three-stage method of electrical switching Electrical switching is made by a vacuum circuit-breaker by means of three-stage contact breaking of the vacuum circuit-breaker. The maximum contact breaking rate is set for the first stage, at the second stage the breaking rate is decreased by at least five times and at the third stage the contact breaking rate is increased by at least twice. Duration of the first stage is set to 5-6 ms, duration of the second stage is set to 10-12 ms, and the third stage lasts till completion of the contacts travel. |
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On-off and switching mechanism Main structural component of a mechanism is a parallelepiped-shaped case square in its cross-section reacting to the atmospheric pressure. The case is made by moulding of an air-tight elastic resilient material, and it has four solid faces, fours elastic edges and two elastic domes instead of two end faces. The case is sealed and when vacuum is created it acts as a four-bar linkage deformed by the atmospheric pressure force into a rhomboidal parallelepiped with a sharp angle of 45°. Current-carrying rods and contacts are moulded into four edges of the parallelepiped. When the rectangular parallelepiped is deformed to the rhomboidal one, the contacts of the four rods are closed by pairs and switch on two electric circuits. The parallelepiped is switched off or reswitched by hand deforming back to the rhomboidal parallelepiped with an angle of 45°. Due to the variable volume of the parallelepiped the atmospheric pressure acts on it as a spring making its jump-like turning to 90°. At that the other two pairs of contacts are closed and the other two electric circuits are switched on. Thus, the atmospheric pressure force ensures required contact pressing, follow-through and roll, large velocity of contacts separation and a large gap between them. |
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Polymer photovoltaic module and method for production thereof Polyaniline is doped with a heteropolyanionic complex of the 2-18 series, having chemical formula [P2W18O62]6-. A doped polyaniline film 1 is deposited on a thin transparent conducting layer which may consist of indium (III) oxide or tin (IV) oxide 2, which in turn is sputtered onto a material 3, having high transmission capacity for electromagnetic waves in the range from 3·10-2 to 4·10-6 cm. Said material with the sputtered conducting layer and the polyaniline film forms one of the electrodes of the photovoltaic module, and a second counter electrode, which also serves as back wall of the article, can be made of conducting material 4, on the outer side of which are attached thermogenerators 5 with air or water radiators for removing heat 6, connected to each other by series-parallel electrical circuits 7, and the electrodes held with each other by side walls, which can be made of any non-aggressive dielectric material 8, and an aqueous electrolyte is poured between the electrodes, where pH of the electrolyte 9 may vary from 5 to 3; current terminals are respectively attached to the conducting material with the polymer film and to the conducting back wall of the article, and to output terminals of the thermogenerators 10 to form two independent electrical circuits. The invention also relates to a method of producing said module. |
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Lithium battery and method for its manufacturing Invention relates to electric engineering. The invention suggests the lithium battery that includes at least two volume electrodes divided by a separator and placed together with electrolyte containing anhydrous lithium salt in an organic polar solvent in the battery casing, each electrode has the minimum thickness of 0.5 mm and at least one of these electrodes contains a homogeneous pressed solution of an electroconductive component and active material that can absorb or set free lithium in the presence of electrolyte, at that porosity of the pressed electrodes is within the range of 25% - 90%, the active material has a hollow sphere structure with the maximum length of the wall of 10 micrometers or an aggregate or agglomerate structure with the maximum size of 30 micrometers, whereat the separator contains a high-porous electric insulating ceramic material with open pores and porosity from 30% up to 95%. |
Another patent 2513611.
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