Liquid-crystal space-time light modulator based on fullerene containing pyridine structures with orienting coatings based on carbon nanotubes |
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IPC classes for russian patent Liquid-crystal space-time light modulator based on fullerene containing pyridine structures with orienting coatings based on carbon nanotubes (RU 2341818):
    
 Liquid crystal spatial light modulator (versions) / 2340923
Present invention pertains to measurement techniques. The liquid crystalline substance used in the modulator, which fills the space between current conducting coatings, is a smectic C*-type composition with ferroelectric properties, capable of forming in its layer, spatially inhomogeneous structures, with high speed modulating phase of the transmitted light, under the effect of pulsed alternating electrical voltage. The light is modulated using one spatially inhomogeneous modulating element, whose surface area is equal to the aperture of the whole modulator, with solid current conducting coatings on the whole aperture. The pulsed control alternating electrical voltage is applied to the single pair of current conducting coatings. In the second version, one of the current conducting coatings is reflective.
 Liquid-crystal space-time light modulator on base of fullerene-containing pyridine structures for display and television technique / 2296354
Device has to multiplayer electro-optic structure, which is formed by film of nematic liquid crystal (NLC) sensitized by photosensitive complex with charge transfer on base of system, which has to be photosensitive pyridine fullerene-structure. To orient molecules of LC the orienting coating is used made on base of film of non-photosensitive polyimide.
 Magnetic-inverting display panel / 2222055
The invention relates to a magnetic display panel with the inversion of the material, where the image is formed by inverting the magnetic display material using a magnet and washed by inverting materials magnet on the same side
 Ferroelectric liquid crystal display cell / 2092883
The invention relates to electro-optical devices and can be used to create information displays, imaging devices, Svetozarov
 The discovery of the nature of the alleged luminiferous ether / 2049312
The invention relates to physics
 Sliding material, method of its production and device, in which sliding material is used / 2341556
Sliding material contains hexagonal crystals of graphite or molybdenum disulfide, which form foliated structure, and spherical fullerene molecules, sliding material is formed by placing sublimated spherical molecules in interstitial layers of hexagonal crystals by heating spherical molecules together with hexagonal crystals at 550-600°C, in which hexagonal crystals are preliminary treated with mixture of sulfuric and nitric acids with their ratio 4:1, then is heated at 1000-1100°C in order to increase space between layers.
 Composition containing nano-composite as gas barrier and articles made of it / 2340639
Composition is made from mixing 30-95 mass parts of polyolefin resin, 0.5-60 mass parts of molten resin mixture with protective properties and nanocomposite with protective properties and 1-30 mass parts of the substance which ensures the compatibility of components. Resins with protective properties are the copolymer of ethylene with vinyl alcohol polyamide, ionomer, polyvinyl alcohol. Nanocomposite is chosen from a group consisting of copolymer of ethylene with vinyl alcohol/nanocomposite from intercalated clay, polyamide/nanocomposite from intercalated clay, ionomer/nanocomposite from intercalated clay and polyvinyl alcohol/nanocomposite from intercalated clay.
Method for suppression of tumours growth / 2339414
Invention concerns medicine, namely, to oncology and can be used at treatment of malignant tumours. The essence of the declared method is the following: intravenously inject nanoparticles of phthalocyanines in a dose not below 5 mg/kg of weight and not above as much as possible tolerable dose with the subsequent irradiation of a tumour laser impulses with a wavelength in the field of intensive absorption nanoparticles at energy density in impulse not lower than 0.1 J/cm2 and total density of energy not lower than 10 J/cm2.
 Method for electric energy production and device for its realisation / 2339152
Method for electric energy production using contacts system of nanostructured conducting surfaces with thin water layer and device for its realisation - hydroelectric generator on the base of nanostructured materials as source of electric energy are intended for obtaining electric energy using renewable energy sources. The invention is based on the fact that contacts system of nanostructured conducting surfaces with thin water layer of several nanometers to fractions of millimeter in thickness under certain conditions becomes the source of electromotive force (EMF). The invention provides electric energy production and can find wide application in various fields of science and engineering.
Mixture for production of cellular concrete / 2338712
Mixture for production of cellular concrete, which contains cement or cement and filler, water and dry cellulating mixture. Dry cellulating mixture contains the following components, wt %: carbonic nanostructures - 0.7; caustic soda - 3.3; plastifier - 6.6; gasifier - 24; quicklime and/or slaked lime, and/or chlorinated lime, and/or chalk - 65.4. Dry cellulating mixture makes 0.35-1.5% from cement mass.
Hydroreactive mixture / 2338684
Hydroreactive mixture contains industrial aluminium ACD-1 powder and aluminium nanopowder with particle size of 70÷120 nm, as well as an activating additive in form of granular sodium hydroxide with the following ratio of components, in wt %: industrial ACD-1 powder 67÷79, aluminium nanopowder 30÷14, sodium hydroxide 3÷7.
 Vertical structure of semiconductor device and method of formation thereof / 2338683
Vertical structure of semiconductor device includes substrate forming essentially horizontal plane, gate electrode with vertical side wall and vertically protruding from substrate, washer attached from one side from vertical side wall, semiconductor nanotube between gate electrode and washer and essentially vertically protruding between its opposite first and second ends, gate dielectric on vertical side wall between nanotube and gate electrode, source electrically connected with first end of nanotube, and drain electrically connected with second end of nanotube. Each nanotube is grown by chemical vapour deposition accelerated with catalyst platform mounted in foundation of elongated passage formed between washer and gate electrode.
 Sorbent for heavy metals, method of its production and method of water purification / 2336946
Claimed is sorbent, made in form of granules of highly-porous aluminium oxide with pore volume not less than 0.55 cm3/g, specific surface not less than 200 m2/g, representing assembly of nanofibres, connected together into rigid spongy structure and containing nano-sized particles of iron oxides, formed as layer on the surface of said granules in amount 2-10% from granules weight. Sorbent is obtained by impregnation of porous base with solution of iron compounds with further processing with alkali.
 Semiconductor photoelectric generator (versions) / 2336596
Invention concerns electronic technics, particularly devices converting electromagnetic emission energy into electric energy, and technologies of their manufacturing, particularly semiconductor photoelectric generators. Semiconductor photoelectric generator takes form of a matrix of commuted microphotoconverters with one or two linear dimensions comparable to diffusion length of secondary current carriers in base area; p-n transition planes are perpendicular to working surface of generator; microphotoconverter surface free of n-p transitions carries a 10-30 nm thick insulating film with 10-40 nm metal clusters positioned on it at 60-120 nm distance from each other; and dielectric layer of passivating antireflection coating is laid over nanoclusters. Two more embodiments of photoelectric generator are claimed.
 Method of obtaining nanotubular structures of oxides of vanadium or chrome subgroup (versions) / 2336230
Method of obtaining nanotubular structures includes mixing of oxygen-containing organic compound - oxalic acid hydrate with vanadium oxide gel or oxygen-containing compound of respective metal. As oxygen-containing compound of respective metal, peroxide molybdenum or tungsten oxides are used.
 Magnetic materials / 2244971
Memory element has nanomagnetic materials whose axial symmetry is chosen to obtain high residual magnetic induction and respective coercive force. This enlarges body of information stored on information media.
Heterogeneous substance (heteroelectric) for acting on electromagnetic fields / 2249277
Proposed substance related to materials acting on electromagnetic fields so as to control and change them and can be used for producing materials with preset optical, electrical, and magnetic characteristics has in its composition active-origin carrier in the form of clusters of atoms, nanoparticles, or microparticles, its insulating function being checked in the course of manufacture; this function is characteristic controlling interaction between substance and electromagnetic field.
 Electromagnetic radiation nanoamplifier / 2266596
Novelty is that metal, such as silver, nanoparticles whose plasma resonance frequency is close to frequency of transfer of mentioned active particles to inverted population level are additionally placed in prior-art amplifier on quantum (active) points.
 Sensor component incorporating nanomagnets / 2274917
Proposed sensor component that uses axial symmetry to impart magnetic properties to materials has magnetic material in the form of nanomagnets whose sides measure 40 - 500 nm and thickness is 3 - 10 nm; they function as zero-hysteresis superparamagnetic components.
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FIELD: optics. SUBSTANCE: proposed device is a multilayered electro-optical structure, consisting of a film of a nematic liquid crystal, sensitised by a light-sensitive charge-transfer complex which is based on a system consisting of light-sensitive pyridine structure and fullerene. For orientation of the molecules of the liquid crystal, an orienting coating based on carbon nanotubes is used. EFFECT: increased speed of operation of the modulator. 2 dwg, 1 tbl
The invention relates to the field of optical instrumentation, quantum and optical nanoelectronics, as well as useful for display and TV equipment. The device is an electro-optical multilayer structure consisting of a film of nematic liquid crystal (NLC), sensitized photosensitive complex charge-transfer-based systems: a photosensitive pyridine structure of the fullerene. For the orientation of the molecules of the LCD is used orienting surface on the basis of nanotubes. In the operation of this device it is proposed to use a pulsed power mode and constant mode of illumination. The technical result is an improved switching times, see table 1. The invention relates to the field of optical instrument, in particular for the construction of electric and sitopaladi liquid crystal-spatial light modulators (LC-PWM)used in modulation systems, recording and reading optical information, conversion from one frequency range to another, switching threads radiation, emission restrictions and may be considered as a display element of a new generation of high performance for television, medical, display and laser technology. The modulator is a key element of SK is m registration display and switching of optical information, perform transactions in real time [1-3]. It is the redistribution of radiation due to a change in birefringence LCD caused by changing the orientation of liquid crystal molecules at the interface: solid-electro-optical LCD mesophase enabling electric (or length) of the field. Specifications LCD PWMs are determined by the spectral parameters of the LCD layer sensitized with dyes, fullerenes, etc. depend on the matching of the refractive indices of the LCD and sensitizing components are determined by the type of the electro-optic effect in the LCD, the nature of the orienting coverage, the terms of negotiation power modes and modes of exposure (writing)other aspects. Among a wide class of electrically-controlled LCD PWMs polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PGK) modulators occupy a special place. The action of these modulators based on important features of the LCD to show the presence of weak dispersion forces between molecules and high orienting ability. The latter is used when creating composite materials. LCD Orient suspended particles in them and act as molecular matrix, easily managed by an external field. Particles become sensitive to the action of the external field and, in financial p is Tata, changing the orientation of the liquid crystal matrix. The external field acting on the volume of the LCD, and orienting the surface (and hence to the surrounding molecules of the LCD). Thus, the electric field applied to the liquid crystal, or flowing through the electric current environment, is able to reorient the molecules of the LCD. In addition, the polymer-dispersed LCD PWMs unique because of possible combinations in one layer of the electrooptical parameters LCD components, as well as photosensitivity and plasticity polymeric bases [3]. A known design of electrically controlled nematic LCD PWMs selected as the analogue of [4], containing as an electro-optical layer of polymer-dispersed nematic LC sensitized with a mixture of photosubstitution the polyimide-pyridine structure - fullerene and as an orienting layer photosubstitution the polyimide. The device worked in a mode of constant illumination with a pulsed voltage, and showed speed: 2.5 MS switch - on time and 4ms - off time. In the experiment the authors [4] have studied the rise of the electro-optic response of the first oscillation bandwidth, clearly recorded transition in neighboring extreme position on S-curve that corresponded to the change of the phase the delay on π . The disadvantage of this design of the modulator was insufficient performance, making it difficult to use this device in high-speed television, display, topographic, correlation of laser systems. Performance nematic PGC was worse than, for example, smectic LCD. A disadvantage of the known design of the modulator is low performance. Known design PGC modulator containing the electro-optical layer of polymer-dispersed nematic LC sensitized with a mixture of pyridine structure - fullerene and as an orienting layer photosubstitution polyimide [5]. The device worked in a mode of constant illumination with a pulsed voltage, and showed speed: 0.1 MS switch - on time and 0.3-0.5 MS - off time. Reduction of switching times was associated with a predominant use of anisotropic molecules of fullerenes With70and not With60. The disadvantage of this design of the modulator was insufficient performance, making it difficult to use this device in high-speed television, display, holographic, laser correlation systems, and in systems where the frequency of the acting external signal exceeds the television standard of 25 Hz. Technical results the ohms of the invention is to improve performance PGC modulator. This result is achieved in that in a liquid-crystal spatial-temporal light modulator on the basis of fullerensoderzhashchikh pyridine structures for display and TV equipment containing nematic liquid crystal as the electro-optic modulating medium and the orienting layer, used a polymer-dispersed nematic liquid crystal, sensitized with a mixture consisting of a set of charge transfer: the pyridine molecule fullerene, and orienting layer is made as thin films of carbon nanotubes. Implementation guide covering in the form of a coating on the basis of nanotubes creates more favorable conditions for the redistribution of voltage between the conductive coating and an LCD that allows you to more effectively conduct the reorientation of the molecules of the LCD when turning on the electric field, significantly increasing performance (see table). During operation of the proposed design PJK used pulse voltage, and continuous illumination.
Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed PGC-modulator differs in that to improve the performance of electro-optical layer is used electro-optical layer of the same composition: NLC sensitized with a mixture consisting of a set of charge transfer: the pyridine molecule fullerene, but for the orientation of the LCD molecules used another guide floor, namely the coating on the basis of the nanotubes. Thus, the proposed device meets the criterion of "novelty." The invention is illustrated by the drawing, which presents the design of the modulator (figure 1) and relief orienting surface on the basis of the nanotubes obtained by the method of atomic force microscopy (figure 2). Offer PGC-modulator (figure 1) is a multi-layer system (figure 1), consisting of a layer of polymer-dispersed nematic liquid crystal with a thickness of 5-10 μm and orienting a layer of a thickness of ≤1 μm on the Nove evaporated in vacuum carbon nanotubes. The thickness of the LC layer was asked Teflon gaskets. The structure was between two glass or quartz substrates 15×22 mm2(we also used traditional substrate 35 mm in diameter) with transparent conductive coatings obtained by the method of vacuum deposition of indium oxide with the addition of oxide of tin. Measuring the temporal characteristics PGC modulator was carried out according to the scheme given in [4] and patent [5], where he used He-Ne laser, a deck with filters for varying the power of the laser, the test sample and the analyzer behind the sample. For registration of the electro-optic response was used silicon photodiodes PGC modulator worked as follows. Continuous wave HeNe laser hit in the spectral region of the functioning of a nematic LC with the complex charge transfer: the pyridine molecule fullerene. The shift towards red wavelengths including the wavelength of the HeNe laser, 633 nm in the absorption spectra of the pyridine system with the introduction of fullerenes was first studied and it is shown in [6], and the process of complex formation is theoretically explained in [7]. The spot diameter on PGC-modulator was 3 mm, which significantly exceeded the size of the inhomogeneities in PGC layer of 200 nm. Maximum the exposure was 10 mW. The modulator is operated in the "transmission". To power the modulator was used pulse voltage with a pulse parameters: amplitude (A) 7-15, the duration (τPetefrom 1 to 3 MS and repetition frequency (1/T) from 0.5 to 100 Hz. Electro-optical response was recorded after the analyzer behind PGC-modulator, using a photodiode and recorded on the oscilloscope TDS 220. The activation time was defined as the rise time of the electro-optic response of the level of 0.1 up to a level of 0.9 of its maximum value. The time off was defined as the decay time of the electro-optic response from its maximum value to the level of 0.1. Use as electro-optical NLC layer sensitized with a mixture consisting of a set of charge transfer: the pyridine molecule fullerene, as well as orienting coating is a coating based on carbon nanotubes allowed 2 times to reduce the time and 3-5 times to reduce the magnitude of the amplitude of the control voltage. In addition, deposition of nanotubes in vacuum eliminates the appearance of discontinuities in orienting the floor associated with the traditional process of polishing the guide cover. Improved performance of the device, which is a necessary condition for the application of the modulator or display element, high-speed dis lanich and television systems, and in laser technology have reduced the time on and off with 0.1 and 0.3-0.5 MS [5] to 0.05 and 0.2-0.3 MS, respectively, that is, to increase the speed by 2 times. Performance cheap nematic LC mixture becomes comparable with expensive smectic composition, and structure of sensitized LCD mesophase becomes comparable with the structure of the smectic that is logged to reduce the phase transition temperature and increase of the order parameter, shown by the method of nuclear magnetic resonance [8]. The specified functional improvement of the device will allow to extend the scope of electro-optical PGC-light modulators in the system in real time. Sources of information 1. Vasiliev A.A., Casasent D., Kompanets I.P., Parfenov V. Spatial light modulators, - M.: Radio and communication. 1987, 320 S. 2. N.V. kamanina, Kapersky LN. "The effects of fullerenes on the dynamic characteristics of liquid-crystal systems". Technical physics letters, t, No. 19, p.30-38, 2000. 3. Zharkova G.M., A.S. Sonin Liquid crystal composites. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1994. 214 S. 4. N.V. kamanina, rakcheyeva L.P. "prospects for the use of fullerenes for orientation of liquid crystal compositions. Technical physics letters, V.28, No. 11, pp.28-36, 2002. 5. The patent for the invention "a liquid-crystal spatial-lying is authorized, the light modulator on the basis of fullerensoderzhashchikh pyridine structures for display and television equipment" under the application №2005128981/28 (032522) on 20.09.2005 authors Navimarine. Adderbury, Aphobia. 6. N.Kamanina N., A. Barrientos, A. Leyderman, Y. Cui, V. Vikhnin and Vlasse, M., "Effect of fullerene doping on the absorption edge shift in COANP". Molecular Materials, v.13, No.1-4, p.275-280, 2000. 7. N.V. kamanina, Sheka E.F. "Limiters laser radiation and diffraction elements based system COANP-fullerene: nonlinear optical properties and quantum-chemical modeling. Optics and spectroscopy, t, No. 4, s-673, 2004. 8. N.V. kamanina, Avicularin, Npeumonia "changing the orientational order parameter in the composite structure of the nematic liquid crystal-COANP-C70". Technical physics letters, t, No. 11, p.65-70, 2005. A liquid-crystal spatial-temporal light modulator on the basis of fullerensoderzhashchikh pyridine structures for display and TV equipment containing nematic liquid crystal as the electro-optic modulating medium and the orienting layer, characterized in that the polymer-dispersed nematic liquid crystal, sensitized with a mixture consisting of a set of charge transfer: the pyridine molecule fullerene, and orienting layer is made as thin films of carbon nanotubes.
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