Sliding material, method of its production and device, in which sliding material is used

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: sliding material contains hexagonal crystals of graphite or molybdenum disulfide, which form foliated structure, and spherical fullerene molecules, sliding material is formed by placing sublimated spherical molecules in interstitial layers of hexagonal crystals by heating spherical molecules together with hexagonal crystals at 550-600°C, in which hexagonal crystals are preliminary treated with mixture of sulfuric and nitric acids with their ratio 4:1, then is heated at 1000-1100°C in order to increase space between layers.

EFFECT: reduction of friction to minimum and increase of serviceability term.

12 cl, 21 dwg, 5 ex

The present invention relates to a sliding material, the production method and device that uses a sliding material.

Lubricants (moving materials), which reduce the friction between the bodies have undergone a transition from the solid lubricants to fluid lubricants. However, because the use of fluid lubricants limited in such environments, where it is impossible to apply the liquid, for example in the environment of vacuum and high temperatures, there is the problem of insufficient reduce friction and low life. In addition, with the advent of machines is extremely small size, such as micro machines, and machines, there is extremely high demand for the development of a lubricant and lubrication system.

Was suggested lubrication system applicable to machines of extremely small size, in which spherical carbon molecules or tubular carbon molecules was between the graphite substrate (Patent document 1). In this system, the lubricant molecules C₆₀deposited by vacuum deposition on the surface of the graphite substrate to form a monolayer molecular films of molecules With₆₀. Using a rolling molecules With₆₀separate the graphite substrate, placed on a film of molecules With₆₀you can get to slide.

However, when forming a film of molecules With⁶⁰aquannimi sputtering difficulties with the regulation of this film so so it was a monolayer, and in practice molecule C₆₀very easily stacked in two layers. In the formation of two-layer film of molecules C₆₀the rolling motion of these molecules is complicated, which increases the friction between two graphite substrates. The manufacturing method of vacuum deposition of a lubrication system, which can minimize the friction between the graphite substrate, met with such difficulties. In addition, the service life of the lubricating system in which spherical or tubular carbon molecules enclosed between the graphite substrate is not satisfactory.

Patent document 1: Japanese has not passed the examination of the patent application, first publication No. 2003-62799.

The present invention is the creation of a sliding material, which can be used in machines/devices vary in size from very heavy equipment such as cars, to nano-machines, without restrictions on the environment in which such material is used, such material is able to minimize friction compared to conventional types and has an increased service life; method of producing such a sliding material; and a device that uses this sliding material.

The sliding material according to the invention, contains a hexagonal crystals of graphite or dial the feed molybdenum, forming a layered structure, and the spherical fullerene molecule, and a sliding material formed by placing sublimated globular molecules in the intermediate layers of hexagonal crystals by heating of spherical molecules with hexagonal crystals at 550-600°in which hexagonal crystals pre-treated with a mixture of sulfuric and nitric acids at a ratio of 4:1 and then heated at 1000-1100°to expand the space between the layers.

The structure in which spherical molecules placed in the intermediate layers of hexagonal crystals, preferably repeatedly in the direction of thickness.

Spherical molecules preferably form a monolayer in each intermediate layer of hexagonal crystals, or preferably have a five-membered or six-membered carbon rings.

The distance between spherical molecules in the thickness direction is preferably of 1.4 nm or less.

In addition, the sliding material according to the present invention may be a mixture of sliding material and a solid substance or liquid, and solid material selected from resins, in which the basis is polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, Polyacetal (Polyoxymethylene), polyamide, denatured Polyphenylene ether, polib is tilen terephthalate, Polyphenylene sulfide, polyester or etherketone or polyetherimide, and the liquid is selected from the transmission oil, engine oil, oil for the bearings and oil for precision instruments, and can be deposited on the surface of a solid material selected from Nickel coating, zinc coating, aluminium coating, copper coating and a gold coating.

Another aspect of the present invention is a method of manufacturing the above-described sliding material, including processing of hexagonal crystals of graphite or molybdenum disulfide, forming a layered structure with a mixture of sulfuric and nitric acids at a ratio of 4:1, warm up at 1000-1100°to expand the space between the layers of hexagonal crystals, and heating of the heated hexagonal crystals and spherical fullerene molecules within 2-3 weeks at 550-600°in vacuum or in inert gas atmosphere to host globular molecules in the intermediate layers of hexagonal crystals.

Another aspect of the present invention is a device having a land slide, in which at least one element is made slidable relative to the other element, and which is provided with the above-described sliding material on the surface of at least one element of the plot of the slip.

Friend the m aspect of the present invention is a chronometer having at least one set of gears that transmit power, and a switching mechanism for adjusting the time in which a set of gears and/or the switching mechanism has a land slide, in which at least one element is made slidable relative to another element, as described above, the sliding material deposited on the surface of at least one element of the plot of the slip.

Another aspect of the present invention is a motor having a land slide, in which at least one element is made slidable relative to the other element and which is provided with the above-described sliding material on the surface of at least one element of the plot of the slip.

The sliding material of the present invention can be used in machines/devices of different sizes from heavy equipment, such as cars, to nano-machines, without restrictions on the environment in which it can be used; the material is highly effective in reducing friction compared with conventional types, and has a longer lifespan.

The sliding material according to the present invention can be easily manufactured according to the method of manufacturing a sliding material according to the present invention.

Device, the chronometer and the engine tune is Adamu invention can minimize the friction at the area of sliding and can maintain low friction for a long time.

(Sliding material)

The sliding material of the present invention is intercalary compound having a hexagonal crystals, which form a layered structure, and globular molecules inserted (intercalated) in the intermediate layers of hexagonal crystals. The structure of globular molecules inserted in the intermediate layers of hexagonal crystals, preferably exists in multiple repetitions in the thickness direction.

Specific examples of hexagonal crystals, forming a layered structure include graphite and molybdenum disulfide, etc. while graphite is preferred. Graphite has a layered structure in which at each other imposed a large number of flat layers of interconnected six-membered carbon rings. The shape of the graphite can be matched in accordance with the use of sliding material, for example, in the form of a film or powder.

Since globular molecules requires a strong interaction with the graphite, preferred are molecules with five-membered and six-membered carbon rings. In addition, since the spherical molecules should be easy to enter into the intermediate layer of graphite and have stability, preferred are molecules with a diameter between 0.7 nm and 0.8 nm.

As sharofiddinovich especially preferred are fullerenes. Fullerenes are hollow spherical carbon molecules having the form of a shell, closed network of five-membered or six-membered carbon rings. Examples of fullerenes are molecules With₆₀molecules With₇₀molecules With₇₆molecules With₇₈molecules With₈₀molecules With₈₂molecules With₈₄molecules With₈₆molecules With₈₈molecules With₉₀molecules With₉₂molecules With₉₄molecules With₉₆etc. Molecules With₆₀and C₇₀are the preferred molecules of fullerenes, because they are easy to roll and the result is a sliding material, effectively reducing friction.

The following describes a specific example in which the hexagonal crystals are graphite and spherical molecules are molecules With₆₀.

Figure 1 presents the structural model, showing an example of a sliding material according to the present invention. The sliding material 1 is formed by a graphite 2 and 4 molecules With₆₀placed between the 3 layers of graphite. The structure in which molecules 4₆₀posted by between 3 layers of graphite, is repeated in the thickness direction.

Molecule 4₆₀located on one line for the formation of a monolayer between the 3 layers of graphite. Due to the fact that molecules 4₆₀form a monolayer between the 3 layers of graphite, these supposedly coli easily roll and the result is a sliding material, which effectively reduces friction.

Preferably, the layer formed by molecules With 4₆₀had a dense structure with small gaps between the molecules 4₆₀for additional ease of rolling these molecules 4₆₀. The dense structure specifically means a structure in which molecules 4₆₀located in one line so that the center distance between neighboring molecules 4 in the direction of the plane did not exceed 1 nm.

The distance between the molecules 4₆₀in the thickness direction is preferably of 1.4 nm or less to ensure stability of the structure. The distance between the molecules 4₆₀in the thickness direction is, as shown in figure 1, the distance between the centers of molecules 4₆₀that are adjacent through 3 layers of graphite. The lower limit of the distance between the centers is 1.3 nm.

The sliding material of the present invention can be mixed with solids or liquids, and this mixture can be used as a sliding material (solid lubricant or liquid lubricant). A solid substance that is mixed with a sliding material comprises a resin, in which the basis is polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, Polyacetal (Polyoxymethylene), polyamide, denatured Polyphenylene ether, polybutylene of terete is at, Polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, or polyetherimide. The liquid with which is mixed a sliding material, includes lubricating oil, such as transmission oil, engine oil, oil for the bearings and oil for precision instruments.

In addition, the sliding material according to the present invention can be obtained on a solid surface, which is used as a sliding material. This sliding material can be a layer of sliding material, which is formed by applying a sliding material on a hard surface, examples of which include Nickel plating, zinc plating, aluminum plating, copper plating, gold plating and other Solid material on the surface of which is coated with a sliding material includes a resin such as polycarbonate and Polyacetal, brass, steel, aluminum alloy, copper alloy, magnesium alloy, etc.

(Method of manufacturing a sliding material)

The sliding material of the present invention produce at the stage at which extend intermediate layer of hexagonal crystals, forming a layered structure (hereinafter referred to as step extension), and at the stage at which spherical molecules are placed in an intermediate layer of hexagonal crystals (hereinafter referred to as the stage of internachi).

The intermediate layer hexagonal Krista the crystals expand by immersing hexagonal crystals in the liquid mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid, drying hexagonal crystals, and then, the application of heat. The mixing ratio of sulfuric acid and nitric acid (sulfuric acid: nitric acid) is approximately 4:1 (volumetric ratio). The concentration of sulfuric and nitric acid, preferably up to 100%. The immersion time is preferably 16-17 hours, and the temperature of the liquid mixture during the dive is preferably 20-30°C. in Addition, the immersion is preferably carried out while stirring the liquid mixture and hexagonal crystals. Heating hexagonal crystals after drying is preferably carried out at a temperature of 1000-1100°C.

Stage of intercalation is the stage at which specific place globular molecules in the intermediate layer hexagonal crystals, advanced to the stage of expansion, by sublimation globular molecules. Sublimation spherical molecules is carried out by heating to a temperature at which spherical molecules sublimate. In the case of spherical molecules With₆₀apply heat up to 550-600°C. the heating Time is approximately 2-3 weeks. In addition, to prevent oxidation of globular molecules sublimation globular molecules preferably carried out in vacuum or in an atmosphere of inert gas such as nitrogen or the like.

Moreover, the manual production of sliding material according to the present invention preferably includes a step, in which spherical molecules placed in the intermediate layer of hexagonal crystals, form a monolayer (hereinafter referred to as the stage of formation of the monolayer). During the placement of globular molecules in the intermediate layer of hexagonal crystals by sublimation globular molecules, usually because of the spherical molecules, placed in the intermediate layer of hexagonal crystals are arranged to form a monolayer, the steps of intercalation and the formation of a monolayer are at the same time.

(Device)

The device according to the present invention has a land slide, on which at least one element slides relative to another element and contains a sliding material according to the present invention on the surface of at least one element of the plot of the slip.

An example device is a chronometer, engine, car, generator, airplane, marine vessel, motorcycle, camera, camcorder, glasses, measuring equipment, photographic equipment, sound equipment, sound and video recording equipment, printing machines, processing equipment, processing equipment, Assembly equipment, transport equipment, towing equipment, dosing equipment (dispenser) and equipment containing bearings and so on

the examples section of the sliding device includes leg gears chronometer, bearing area gear chronometer, brush motor, the stator of the rotor, the piston of the engine, the supporting portion of the turbine generator, camera shutter spectacles, etc.

(Chronometer)

The chronometer is an example of a device according to the present invention and contains at least one set of gears for power transmission and switching mechanism for adjusting time.

Gears and shift mechanism has a patch of slip, in which at least one element slides relative to another element when the sliding material of the present invention is applied to the surface of at least one element of the plot of the slip.

The sliding material of the present invention, as described above, based on the slip between solids, in contrast to the usual material for improving the frictional characteristics by improving the solid surface. That is, when the hexagonal crystal, which is in a state where spherical molecules placed in the intermediate layers of hexagonal crystals, forming a layered structure, the applied shear force, globular molecules are rolling in the intermediate layers of hexagonal crystals, due to which there are fluctuations and is supermanzana", in which the friction is extremely effective is to zero. The structure in which spherical molecules placed in the intermediate layers of hexagonal crystals exist in a sliding material according to the present invention in an unlimited repetitions in the thickness direction. Therefore, in the sliding material according to the present invention occurs "supermassive", when the friction approaches zero due to slip in the solid phase, which uses the sliding surface (the boundary region between the layer of hexagonal crystal and the layer of spherical molecules), which exists in the sliding material according to the present invention in an unlimited repetitions in the thickness direction.

As the sliding material according to the present invention uses a slide in the solid phase, the influence of water and the effects caused by the abrasion of the surface, etc. can be neglected, and the service life of such material is very large. In addition, because there is no anisotropy of the sliding surfaces, there is no anisotropy in friction force that allows you to get free sliding in all directions in the plane.

In addition, through the use of hexagonal crystals with thickness of the order of nanometers or micrometers, obtained the sliding material can be used to machine extremely small size, such as nanomachines and micro machines. Using powder g is xianlie crystals, the obtained sliding material can be used to lubricate the bearings, etc. in a conventional machine.

Examples.

The following are examples.

(Example 1)

First, 100% sulfuric acid and 100% nitric acid were mixed in the ratio 4:1 (volumetric ratio) and 50 ml of the liquid mixture was placed high-oriented pyrolytic graphite (manufactured Vecco, grade ZYH) 2.2×2, 2×0.2 mm, after which the mixture was stirred 16 hours at 20°With the help of a mixer 11, shown in figure 2. Graphite 12 was removed, washed with clean water and neutralized with acid.

As shown in figure 3, graphite 12 was placed in the furnace 13 and warmed up for 1-2 min at 100°for complete evaporation of the moisture and then further warmed up for 15 s at 1050°to expand the space between the layers of graphite 12.

Then, 7,54 mg molecules With₆₀(produced MTR with a purity of 99.98% and above) and 3.77 mg of graphite with the advanced space between the layers was placed in a quartz tube, which after pumping air was sealed.

As shown in figure 4, the quartz tube 14, which were encapsulated molecules With₆₀and graphite, was placed in a furnace 13 and warmed up for 2 weeks at 600°to accommodate sublimated molecules With₆₀in the intermediate layers of graphite. Due to this, there was obtained the sliding material size 2,2×2, 2×0,2mm, shown in figure 5.

The structure of the obtained material was confirmed in the study with the use of electronic high-resolution microscope (manufactured by JEOL model JEM-2000EX). The image received this e-high-resolution microscope, shown in Fig.6, and the diffraction pattern is shown in Fig.7. In addition, figure 1 shows the structural model of the received material.

Frictional characteristics of the sliding material was studied using a microscope frictional force (manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc., model SPI300). More specifically, was taken by the probe for moving forward and backward on the surface of the sliding material with a fixed load, and at this time was measured friction force. Result for load 0 NN shown in Fig, the result for a load of 10 NN is shown in Fig.9, the load 20 NN is shown in figure 10, the load 60 NN figure 11 shows the result for a load of 100 NN shown in Fig and the load 10 MKN shown in Fig. In the results for Fig-13 friction force was extremely close to zero within the measurement range of the microscope (the friction force was 0.1 NN).

From the results Fig-13 shows that the condition in which the static friction and dynamic friction force is close to zero, occurs at a load of 100 NN. In addition, the anisotropy forces the rhenium is not detected.

(The second example)

The following is an example of using the sliding material according to the first example in the area of the slip analog chronometer.

(Design of analog chronometer)

First, with links to Fig-17 describes the movement (mechanism) analog chronometer used in the second example.

The moving mechanism 100 of the analog timepiece includes a support element movement, formed by the main plate 102, the bridge drive gear 112 and the bridge 114 of the second gear, the winding stem 110, which is built with a possibility of rotation in the guide hole for the winding legs of the main plate 102; an insulating plate 160; switching spring 162; block 116 electronic circuits attached to the main plate 102 and the bridge 112 drive gear switching spring 162 through an insulating plate 160, a battery 120, which forms a power supply analog chronometer; integrated circuit 118 and a crystal oscillator 122, which is attached to the block 116 e schemes; pass-through spring 166 to determine the position of the axial direction of the winding legs 110, which is made in one piece with the switching spring 162; time engine 210 formed by the block A winding, stator A and hour rotor 216; gear drive clockwise formed intermediate gear MOT arrows, the gear 224 of the minute hand and the gear 226 counterclockwise; engine 240 minute hands, which is formed by winding unit U, stator W and rotor 246 minute hands; gear drive the minute hand formed intermediate gear W second hand, the intermediate gear A seconds and the gear 256 minute hands; engine 270 seconds, consisting of a block S winding, stator S and rotor 276 seconds; and gear drive seconds hand, formed the fifth gear 282 and the second gear 284.

The moving mechanism 100 is designed to show "the hour of the current time the time the arrow 230, rotating gear drive clockwise clockwork engine 210. The mechanism also indicates "minute" current time minute by the arrow 260, the rotating gear drive the minute hand motor 240 minute hands. In addition, the mechanism shows "second" current time second hand 290, rotating gear drive second hand engine 270 drive seconds hand.

As the battery 120 may use a rechargeable secondary battery, in addition, you can also use rechargeable capacitor. Crystal oscillator 122 forms a vibration source analog timepiece and be the t fluctuations, for example, with a frequency of 32,768 Hz.

(The placement of the sliding material)

In the moving mechanism 100 of the sliding material according to the first example was placed on the support section of the engine (270) drive the seconds hand (upper supporting section formed by the supporting section a engine second hand and a bridge drive gear 112, and the lower supporting section formed by the supporting section 276b of the engine second hand and the main plate 102).

First part of the sliding material, obtained according to the first example, was separarely to obtain a sliding material with a thickness of 1 μm.

On the support site a engine second hand and over a portion of the bridge drive gear 112 in contact with the supporting section a engine second hand, applied a layer of epoxy adhesive thickness of 0.1 μm. Simultaneously epoxy glue was applied on the abutment section 276b of the engine second hand and on the stretch of the main plate 102 in contact with the supporting section 276b of the engine of seconds.

Then separated the sliding material fastened to the deposited layer of epoxy glue and sufficiently dried epoxy adhesive, leaving it for one hour at a temperature of 25°C.

Similarly, the sliding material according to the first example was applied on the supporting parts of the engine 210 clockwise, subcate the transmission actuator clockwise engine 240 minute hands, gear drive the minute hand and the gear drive seconds hand. As a result, since the friction losses in the moving area can be reduced, the service life of a battery can be prolonged.

(Third example)

In the moving mechanism 100 of the sliding material according to the first example was applied on the support section of the engine 270 seconds (upper supporting section formed by the supporting section a engine second hand and a bridge drive gear 112, and the lower supporting section formed by the supporting section 276b and the main plate 102).

First sliding material obtained in the first example, were crushed to obtain particles with a diameter of from 0.1 to 1 μm. Then mixed hour oil (SYNTHETIC OIL 9010, manufactured by MOEBIUS) and crushed sliding material mixed in the ratio of 10 parts sliding material per 100 parts of oil.

The mixture of oil with a sliding material deposited on the support site a motor drive seconds hand and on the land bridge drive gear 112 in contact with the supporting section a motor drive seconds hand. At the same time oil mixed with a sliding material, deposited on a support section 276b of the motor drive seconds hand and on the stretch of the main plate 102, contactrole the reference section 276b of the motor drive seconds hand.

Similarly, the sliding material according to the first example also deposited on the supporting parts of the engine 210 of the actuator clockwise, gear clockwise, the motor 240 drive the minute hand gear the minute hand and the transmission gear second hand. As a result, since the friction losses in the moving area can be reduced, the service life of a battery can be prolonged.

(Fourth example)

The following example explains the application of the sliding material according to the first example in the chronometer, where the energy source is the mainspring.

(Design of mechanical chronometer)

First is a description of the moving mechanism 300 mechanical chronometer with links to Fig-21.

The moving mechanism 300 mechanical timepiece has a main plate 302, which is the basis of the mechanism. The winding stem 310 is set to rotate in the guide hole a for the guide legs, made in the main plate 302. Usually two sides of the main plate, the side facing the dial, is called "rear", and the reverse side of the main plate is called "front". Gears located on the front side of the mechanism, called "external gears, and gears located on the back sides of the mechanism, called "back gear". The position in the axial direction of the winding legs 310 is determined by a switching device that contains the installation lever 390, yoke 392, spring latch 394 and the friction spring 396 clamp. Clockwork gear 312 is installed rotatably on the site guide shaft on the winding stem 310.

The connecting gear 398 is located coaxially with the winding stem 310 relative angular stretch clockwork legs 310. When the winding stem 310 is rotated to the first position (zero step), which is nearest to the inner part of the mechanism along the axis of rotation, the winding gear 312 rotates under the influence of the rotation of the connecting gear 398. Driven gear 314 starts to rotate during the rotation of the winding gear 312. Ratchet wheel 316 is rotated by the rotation of the driven gear 314. Rotation of the ratchet wheel 316 leads to the factory main spring 322, located in the drum 320. Regulating wheel 330 is rotated by the rotation of the fourth wheel 328, the third wheel 326 and the Central wheel 324. The drum 320, the Central wheel 324, the third wheel 326 and the fourth wheel 328 is formed of an external gear.

Sets the wheel 397 mounted for rotation relative to the main plate 302. Minute wheel 358 mounted for rotation relative to the positive main plate 302. The timing of the setting wheel 397 engages with the toothed part of minute teeth of the minute wheel 358. The serrated portion of the minute of teeth of the minute wheel 358 engages with the toothed part of the cylindrical gear 350. The serrated portion of the minute pinion minute wheel 358 engages with the toothed part of the cylindrical wheel 354. The minute the plunger 384 supports setting wheel 397 and minute wheel 358 rotatably relative to the main plate 302. When the winding stem 310 is rotated to the second position (the first step) on the opposite side of the mechanism along the axis of rotation, which sets the wheel 397 rotates when rotating the connecting wheel 398. Moreover, when the winding stem 310 is rotated in the position of the first step, minute wheel 358 is rotated by rotation of the setting wheel 397. In this position, when the minute wheel 358 is rotated, the cylindrical gear 350 and the cylindrical wheel 354 rotate, and accordingly, the hour hand 356 and the minute hand 352 rotate, allowing the correction time of the chronometer.

Regulating the movement/controller that controls the rotation of the external gear, contains a balance of 340 regulating wheel 330, and the anchor plug 342. Balance 340 contains the axis 340A wheel and spring s balance. Simultaneously with the rotation of the Central wheel 324 rotates the cylindrical pole is nya 350. The minute hand 352 attached to the cylindrical gear, shows minutes. In the cylindrical gear 350 has a mechanism of sliding relative to the Central wheel 324. When rotation of the cylindrical gear 350 through the rotation of the minute wheel 358 is rotated cylindrical wheel 354. The hour hand 356 attached to the cylindrical wheel 354, watch shows. Spring s balance is a flat spring is twisted (spiral) shape having many turns. The inner end of the spring s balance attached to the clamping sleeve 340d, which is attached to the axis 340A balance, and the outer end of the spring s balance attached to the mounting screw through the pin a that is attached to the support 370, which is attached to the bridge 366 balance. Finger 368 regulator attached to the bridge 366 balance. Balance 340 is mounted for rotation relative to the main plate 302 and bridge 366 balance.

Drum wheel 320 is equipped with a drum 320d, mandrel 320f, and the main spring 322. The mandrel 320f contains upper shaft 320S and lower shaft 320b. The mandrel 320f made of metal such as carbon steel. Drum 320d made of metal, for example brass. Central wheel 324 contains the upper axis 324a, the lower axis 324b, tribes s, gear 324d and support 324h. Tribes s Central wheel engages with the drum 320d. The upper axis 324a, the lower the axle 324b and bearing 324h made of metal, for example, carbon steel. Gear 324d made of metal, for example brass. The third wheel 326 includes upper axis a, the lower axis 326b, tribes s and gear 326d. Tribes s third wheel 326 engages with the toothed wheel 324d. The fourth wheel 328 contains the upper axis a, the lower axis 328b, tribes s and gear 328d. The upper axis a and the lower axis 328b is made of metal such as carbon steel. Gear 328d is made of metal, for example brass. Wheel 330 stroke adjustment includes upper axis 330a, the lower axis 330b, tribes 330c and gear 330d. Tribes 330c adjusting wheel engages with a toothed wheel 328d. Gear 328d adjusting wheel 330 engages with the pallet stone 343, which is associated with an anchor fork 342. Anchor plug 342 is supplied with a fork (incomplete) 342d and axis 342f anchor. Axis 342f anchor includes upper axis a and the lower axis 342b.

The drum 320 is mounted for rotation relative to the main plate 302 and bridge 360 drum. That is, the upper axis 320S shaft 320f drum mounted for rotation relative to the bridge 360 drum. Lower the axle shaft 320b 320f drum mounted for rotation relative to the main plate 302. Central wheel 234, the third wheel 326, the fourth wheel 328 and wheel 330 stroke adjustment installed with the possibility of rotation is relative to the main plate 320 and the bridge 362 gear. That is, the upper axis 324a fourth wheel 324, the upper axis a third wheel 326, the upper axis a fourth wheel 328 and the upper axis 330a adjusting wheel 330 mounted for rotation relative to the bridge 362 gear. Also, the lower axis 324b Central wheel 324, the lower axis 326b third wheel 326, the lower axis 328b fourth wheel 328 and the lower axis 330b adjusting wheel 330 mounted for rotation relative to the main plate 302. Anchor plug 342 mounted for rotation relative to the main plate 302 and bearing 364 anchor plugs. The lower axis 342b anchor plugs 342 mounted for rotation relative to the main plate 302.

(Application of a sliding material)

In the moving mechanism 300 sliding material according to the first example was applied to a plot of slip between the adjusting wheel 330 (gear 330b) and pallet stone 343.

First part of the sliding material obtained in the first example, was separarely to obtain a sliding material with a thickness of 1 μm.

Gear 330d adjusting wheel 330 and pallet stone put a layer of epoxy adhesive thickness of 0.1 μm.

Then a layer of epoxy adhesive was applied separated sliding material and gave the glue to dry for one hour at 25°C.

Similar to the way the sliding material according to the first example was applied on the abutment portions of the Central wheel 324, third wheel 326, the fourth wheel 328, axis 340A balance and the switching wheel. As a result, since the friction loss at the site of the slip can be reduced, the duration of the main spring may be increased.

(Fifth example)

In the moving mechanism 300 sliding material according to the first example was applied to the areas of sliding on the regulating wheel 330 (gear 330d) and pallet stone 343.

First sliding material obtained in the first example, were crushed to obtain particles with a diameter of from 0.1 to 1 μm. Then mixed oil chronometer (SYNTHETIC OIL 9010, manufactured by MOEBIUS) and crushed sliding material mixed in the ratio of 10 parts sliding material per 100 parts of oil.

Oil mixed with a sliding material, was applied to the gear wheel 330d. In this way the sliding material according to the first example was applied on the abutment portions of the Central wheel 324, the third wheel 326, the fourth wheel 328, axis 340A balance and the switching wheel. As a result, since the friction loss at the site of the slip can be reduced, the duration of the main spring may be increased.

The sliding material of the present invention can be used in machines/devices of different sizes from heavy equipment, such as cars, until the home is in, without restrictions on the environment in which it can be used, the material can reduce the friction in comparison with the conventional type and has a longer lifespan.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings, which shows:

Figure 1 - structural model, illustrating the example of the sliding material according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a drawing illustrating one step of manufacturing a sliding material according to the example.

Figure 3 is a drawing illustrating one step of manufacturing a sliding material according to the example.

4 is a drawing illustrating one step of manufacturing a sliding material obtained by example.

5 is a photograph and a schematic representation of the sliding material obtained by example.

6 is an image obtained according to the example of the sliding material with high resolution executed by an electronic microscope.

Fig.7 - diffraction pattern of the moving material obtained by example.

Fig - chart of frictional characteristics (load 0 NN) sliding material according to the example.

Figure 9 - diagram of the friction characteristics (load of 10 NN) sliding material according to the example.

Figure 10 - diagram of the friction characteristics (load 20 NN) sliding material according to the example.

11 is a chart of frictional characteristics (load 60 NN) sliding material according to the example./p>

Fig - chart of frictional characteristics (load of 100 NN) sliding material according to the example.

Fig - chart of frictional characteristics (load 10 MKN) sliding material according to the example.

Fig is a top view of the external shape of the moving mechanism of the example of the analog timepiece according to the present invention from a front view.

Fig - section showing part of the second arrow from the engine drive second hand of the analog timepiece according to the present invention.

Fig - section showing part of the minute hand from the engine drive the minute hand of the analog timepiece according to the present invention.

Fig - section showing part of the clockwise from drive motor clockwise analog timepiece according to the present invention.

Fig is a top view illustrating the shape of the front part of the moving mechanism of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention.

Fig is a partial cross - section of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, showing part of the anchor plug from the side of the drum.

Fig is a partial cross - section of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, showing part of the balance wheel side stroke adjustment.

Fig is a partial cross - section of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, showing part of the winding legs, the lips of the mounting wheel and minute wheel.

Explanation of symbols

1 - sliding material

2 - graphite

3 graphite layer

4 is a molecule With₆₀

11 - blender

12 - high-oriented pyrolytic graphite

13 oven

14 is a quartz tube

100 - moving mechanism

102 main plate

110 - clockwork leg

112 - bridge drive wheel

114 second bridge

116 - unit electronic circuits

118 - integrated circuit

120 - battery

122 - crystal oscillator

160 - insulating plate

162 - switching spring

166 - switching spring

210 - drive motor clockwise

212 - unit winding

214 - stator

216 - rotor clockwise

222 - intermediate minute wheel

224 - minute wheel

226 - wheel hours

230 - hour hand

240 - motor actuator minute hands

242 - unit winding

244 - the stator In

246 - rotor minute hands

252 - intermediate wheel In seconds

254 - intermediate wheel And seconds

256 - wheel-minutes

260 - minute hand

270 - motor drive seconds hand

272 - unit With winding

274 - stator

276 - rotor seconds hand

A - reference section of the motor drive seconds hand

276b - reference section of the motor drive seconds hand

282 fifth wheel

284 second wheel

300 - moving mechanism of the Sabbath.

302 main plate

A - guiding hole for the winding leg

310 - clockwork leg

312 - clockwork gear

314 - driven gear

316 - ratchet wheel

320 - drum

320S - top axis

320b - bottom axis

320d - drum

320f - axis drum

322 - the mainspring

324 Central wheel

324a - top axis

324b - bottom axis

S - tribes

324d - gear

324h - resistant area

326 - the third wheel

A - top axis

326b - bottom axis

S - tribes

326d - gear

328 - the fourth wheel

A - top axis

328b - bottom axis

S - tribes

328d - gear

330 - wheel travel adjustment

330d - gear

340 - balance

340A - axis balance

S - spring balance

340d - Tsang

342 - anchor plug

A - top axis

342b - bottom axis

342d - anchor fork (incomplete)

342f - anchor axis

350 - cylindrical gear

352 - minute hand

354 - cylindrical wheel

356 - hour hand

358 - minute hand

360 - bridge drum

362 - bridge drive wheel

364 - bearing anchor plug

366 - the bridge balance

368 - axis controller

370 finger bearing

A - finger

384 - plunger minutes

390 - lever

392 - latch

394 - spring latch

396 - friction spring Homa is and

397 - installation wheel

398 - clamping wheel

1. Sliding material containing hexagonal crystals of graphite or molybdenum disulfide, forming a layered structure, and

spherical fullerene molecule, and a sliding material formed by placing sublimated globular molecules in the intermediate layers of hexagonal crystals by heating of spherical molecules with hexagonal crystals at 550-600°in which hexagonal crystals pre-treated with a mixture of sulfuric and nitric acids at a ratio of 4:1 and then heated at 1000-1100°to expand the space between the layers.

2. The material according to claim 1, in which the structure in which the intermediate layers of hexagonal crystals placed globular molecules, there are many repetitions in the thickness direction.

3. The material according to claim 1, in which spherical molecules form a monolayer in each intermediate layer of hexagonal crystals.

4. The material according to claim 2, in which the distance between spherical molecules in the direction of thickness of 1.4 nm or less.

5. The material according to claim 3, in which the distance between spherical molecules in the direction of thickness of 1.4 nm or less.

6. The material according to claim 1, in which spherical molecules have five-membered or six-membered rings of plastics technology : turning & the derivative of the ring.

7. Sliding material which is a mixture of sliding material according to claim 1 and a solid material or liquid in which the solid material is selected from resins, in which the basis is polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, Polyacetal (Polyoxymethylene), polyamide, denatured Polyphenylene ether, polybutylene terephthalate, Polyphenylene sulfide, polyester, or etherketone, or polyetherimide, and the liquid is selected from the transmission oil, engine oil, oil for the bearings and oil for precision instruments.

8. Sliding material, in which the sliding material according to claim 1 deposited on the surface of a solid material selected from Nickel coating, zinc coating, aluminium coating, copper coating and a gold coating.

9. Method of manufacturing a sliding material according to claim 1, comprising processing hexagonal crystals of graphite or molybdenum disulfide, forming a layered structure, with a mixture of sulfuric and nitric acids at a ratio of 4:1, warm up at 1000-1100°C to expand the space between the layers of hexagonal crystals and warming up of hexagonal crystals and spherical fullerene molecules within 2-3 weeks at 550-600°in vacuum or in inert gas atmosphere to host globular molecules in the intermediate layers of hexagonal crystals.

10. The device, named the abuser land slip, in which at least one element is made slidable relative to the other element and which is provided with a sliding material according to any one of claims 1 to 8 on the surface of at least one element of the plot of the slip.

11. Chronometer with at least one set of gears that transmit power, and a switching mechanism for adjusting the time in which a set of gears and/or the switching mechanism has a land slide, in which at least one element is made slidable relative to another element, and the sliding material according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is applied to the surface of at least one element of the plot of the slip.

12. The engine, with a plot of slip, in which at least one element is made slidable relative to the other element and which is provided with a sliding material according to any one of claims 1 to 8 on the surface of at least one element of the plot of the slip.