Ferroelectric liquid crystal display cell |
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IPC classes for russian patent Ferroelectric liquid crystal display cell (RU 2092883):
                       
 Panel liquid crystal display and method of controlling it / 2089941
The invention relates to techniques for displaying information on multiple displays
 Indicating instrument / 2075112
The invention relates to electronic devices and can be used in the indicator devices
 Active matrix displays for lcd screens / 2066074
The invention relates to a liquid crystal active matrix display, in particular to liquid crystal screen with redundant elements of the matrix
 Active matrix displays for lcd screens / 2015576
The invention relates to automation and can be used in systems of collective use to also have
 The discovery of the nature of the alleged luminiferous ether / 2049312
The invention relates to physics
 Liquid-crystal space-time light modulator on base of fullerene-containing pyridine structures for display and television technique / 2296354
Device has to multiplayer electro-optic structure, which is formed by film of nematic liquid crystal (NLC) sensitized by photosensitive complex with charge transfer on base of system, which has to be photosensitive pyridine fullerene-structure. To orient molecules of LC the orienting coating is used made on base of film of non-photosensitive polyimide.
 Liquid crystal spatial light modulator (versions) / 2340923
Present invention pertains to measurement techniques. The liquid crystalline substance used in the modulator, which fills the space between current conducting coatings, is a smectic C*-type composition with ferroelectric properties, capable of forming in its layer, spatially inhomogeneous structures, with high speed modulating phase of the transmitted light, under the effect of pulsed alternating electrical voltage. The light is modulated using one spatially inhomogeneous modulating element, whose surface area is equal to the aperture of the whole modulator, with solid current conducting coatings on the whole aperture. The pulsed control alternating electrical voltage is applied to the single pair of current conducting coatings. In the second version, one of the current conducting coatings is reflective.
 Liquid-crystal space-time light modulator based on fullerene containing pyridine structures with orienting coatings based on carbon nanotubes / 2341818
Proposed device is a multilayered electro-optical structure, consisting of a film of a nematic liquid crystal, sensitised by a light-sensitive charge-transfer complex which is based on a system consisting of light-sensitive pyridine structure and fullerene. For orientation of the molecules of the liquid crystal, an orienting coating based on carbon nanotubes is used.
 Polarising films for visible spectrum range with nanostructured surface based on hydrocarbon nanotubes / 2426157
Polarising iodic-polyvinyl film for laser, television, display and medical equipment, for construction of spatial time light modulators, display pixels, limit stops, laser radiation switches, eye protection means for welders, pilots of aircrafts. It contains iodinated polyvinyl alcohol, with low content of acetate groups, as polarisation base; at that, both film surfaces are nanostructured with single-wall carbon nanotubes by their laser application to film surfaces by means of CO2 laser and orientation in electric field with intensity of 50-200 V/m.
 Multistable electrooptic element with polarisers / 2428733
Element has two parallel transparent plates with transparent electrodes on inner sides between which there is a film of a capsular polymer of cholesteric liquid crystal, and the cholesteric liquid crystal used is a mixture of an ionic surfactant and a cholesteric liquid crystal with arbitrary value of dielectric anisotropy. On the outer sides of the transparent plates there are crossed polarisers.
 Ferroelectric lcd cell / 2430393
Proposed cell comprises two flat translucent plates arranged in parallel one above the other. Polaroids are applied on one side of said plates and translucent current conducting coats connected to alternating voltage source are applied on their opposite side. Cell comprises also ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) arranged between said coats of plates to vary its optical anisotropy at electric field effects. FLC layer thickness - d, helicoid pitch- p0 and boundary conditions defined by factor Wq are selected subject to the following conditions: Kφq0 2 ~Wq/d, where Kφ is modulus defining FLC deformation along azimuthal angle φ; q0 is deformation wave vector; Wq is square factor of power of FLC-to-adjoining surface adhesion.
 Liquid-crystal space-time modulator of light based on complex of polyimide-quantum points of row cdse(zns), cds/zns, inp/zns for display, television equipment and systems of laser radiation switching / 2459223
Liquid crystal space-time light modulator is proposed, representing a multilayer electro-optical structure comprising a film of a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) sensitised with a photosensitive complex with a charge transfer on the basis of the system: polyimide-quantum points of the row CdSe(ZnS), CdS/ZnS, InP/ZnS. To align LC molecules, an aligning coating is used on the basis of non-photosensitive polyimide films. When this device is functioning, it is proposed to use a permanent or a pulse lighting and a pulse supply voltage.
 Polarising films for visible spectrum range having nanostructured surface based on carbon nanotubes and nanofibres / 2498373
Polarising film is a film of iodised polyvinyl alcohol with a mixture of carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibres deposited on two sides by laser deposition using p-polarised radiation of a CO2 laser at wavelength 10.6 mcm, as well as orientation the deposited nanostructures in an electric field with strength of 50-200 V/m.
 Ferroelectric liquid crystal display cell / 2503984
Ferroelectric liquid crystal display cell has two flat transparent plates arranged in parallel one above the other, on one side of which there are polaroids and on the other - transparent current-conducting coatings which are connected to an alternating-sign voltage source, on the surface of which a direction is selected for providing uniform orientation of liquid crystal molecules, a ferroelectric liquid crystal situated in the space between the transparent current-conducting coatings of the plates and which varies its optical anisotropy under the effect of an electric field. The crystal is non-helicoidal, and the values of rotational viscosity, spontaneous polarisation and modulus of elasticity, which determines deformation along smectic layers, are in a ratio to each other which provides periodic spatial deformations along the smectic layers and a characteristic relationship between birefringence of the display cell and alternating frequency of the electric field.
 Device and method for controlling liquid-crystalline color display / 2314574
In accordance to the invention, video signal of same size may be derived with lesser number of clock impulses. Device and method realize a block for controlling clock impulses, which provides clock impulses for operation of each module, interface block which receives 16-bit data for each clock impulse in accordance with control signal of block for controlling clock impulses, a pair of 18-bit RGB buffers, which preserve data transferred through interface block, graphic buffer, which preserves graphic data from a pair of RGB buffers, switch block, which preserves data signals from a pair of RGB buffers, in graphic buffer, and digital-analog converter which transforms digital R/G/B data, preserved in graphic buffer, to analog signal for output.
 System of liquid crystal display highlight and display that contains it / 2343519
Invention is related to the field of optics and facilities of information displaying, and may be used for highlight of colour liquid-crystal (LC) displays and creation of LC displays that do not contain matrix of colour filters. In matrix LC display and its highlight system, which contains the following serially installed components: one or more light sources, light-conducting layer, array of light-outputting elements, fiber-optic plate installed between array of light-outputting elements and LC display, foresaid fiber-optic plate represents matrix of elements made with the possibility of light source radiation spectrum transformation into radiation with wave length that corresponds to colour formed by subpixel of liquid crystal display, at that size and location of mentioned elements correspond to size and location of liquid crystal display subpixels, at that the first line of matrix of elements that transform wave length, is installed opposite to the first line of liquid crystal display, the second line of matrix of elements that transform wave length, is located opposite to the second matrix of liquid crystal display, n line of matrix of elements that transform wave length is installed opposite to n line of liquid crystal display matrix, at that every element of foresaid fiber-optic plate contains at least one photon-crystalline fiber, which transforms wave length, at that mentioned fibers are tightly packed and completely fill area of mentioned element, at that photon-crystalline fiber includes set of fibers with hollow core that are installed lengthwise around hollow or solid wave conductor area, at that fibers with hollow core are installed so that create two-dimensional photon crystal with photon prohibited zone, at that mentioned hollow or solid wave conducting area is formed to transmit signal with frequency that lies mostly inside photon prohibited area, so that light source radiation spectrum is transformed into radiation with length of wave that corresponds to colour formed by subpixel of liquid crystal display.
 Lcd structure for operation at low temperature / 2372672
According to the method, electrical energy is supplied to the LCD, electrical signal is transmitted to the LCD for updating displayed information, ambient temperature in the vicinity of the LCD is measured, and energy and update information transmitted to the LCD are regulated based on ambient temperature. Field device (10) includes LCD (110), electronic control module (120), made with possibility of transmitting energy signals and connection to the LCD (110), and a temperature sensor (112), connected to the electronic control module (120). The electronic control module (120) is made with possibility of measuring ambient temperature close to the LCD (110), and control energy and connection to the LCD (110), based on temperature of the LCD (110).
 Liquid-crystal display (lcd) panel and pixel control device / 2397552
Pixel control device (120) for the liquid-crystal display (LCD) panel (1) includes first and second transistors (Ta, Tb) and first and second storage capacitors (CstA, CstB). The second transistor (Tb) has a gate electrode (G) which is connected to the gate electrode (G) of the first transistor (Ta), and a drain electrode (D) which is connected to the drain electrode (D) of the first transistor (Ta). The first storage capacitor (CstA) has a terminal (104) which is connected to the source electrode (S) of the first transistor (Ta). The second storage capacitor (CstB) has a first terminal (107) which is connected to the source electrode (S) of the second transistor (Tb), and a second terminal (103) which is connected to the gate electrode (G) of the first transistor (Ta) of a pixel control device (120) in another pixel row of the LCD panel (1).
 Backlight device, method of controlling backlight and liquid-crystal display device / 2419888
Light source controller, which controls backlight, provides processing which is successively performed for all units SA-a (1) - (16) in the SA-a correction region. Processing includes installation of the SA-a region for four regions SA-a - SA-d as a correction region and providing light emission in unit SA-a (1), which is a unit in the SA-a correction region, and successive emission of light in units SA-b (n) - SA-d (n), which lie in three other regions SA-b - SA-d, except the SA-a correction region, and positions of which, in these regions, correspond to the SA-a (n) unit. The light source controller then repeats similar operations for the remaining three regions SA-b - SA-d, used as correction regions.
 Display device and driving method thereof / 2419889
Liquid-crystal display device recognises every 12 video signal lines (SL1-SLn) in the order of their arrangement as a group and drives the video signal lines with time division in the group in the horizontal scanning period. The order of driving video signal lines in the group for a frame with an even number differs from the order for a frame with an odd number. For each line, the video signal line with an even number is driven first in one frame, and the video signal line with an odd number is driven first in another. The first and last driven video signal lines are specified so that they correspond to blue colour. The number of push-ups, under the effect of which video signal lines fall, is limited to two for the frame with an even number and zero for the frame with an odd number in addition to change of their order, so that the arising of vertical strips at low temperatures is prevented. Additionally, only video signal lines corresponding to the blue colour are specified as having insufficient charge, so that viewers find it difficult to recognise deterioration of image quality due to insufficient charge.
 Methods and systems for design solutions using image tonal range / 2427042
Invention is a system for image post-compensation processing. A modified process (2521) for storing brightness/image compensation is aware of the image post-compensation process (2523) and can allow for its influence on an input image (2520). The modified process (2521) for storing brightness/image compensation can generate and apply to the input image (2520) a process which will compensate for the level of backlight selected for the image, and which will compensate for the effect of the image post-compensation process (2523).
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(57) Abstract: The invention relates to electro-optical devices and can be used to create information displays, imaging devices, Svetozarov. The cell contains two transparent plate with a transparent conductive coating connected to a source of alternating electrical voltage. In the space between the plates is a ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC), which change their optical anisotropy when changing the sign of the voltage source. Due to this, the cell changes the state of its transmission and simulates passing through her light. After turning off the voltage of the cell depending on the molecular structure of FLC preserves or state maximum or minimum transmittance (bistability), or storing any intermediate state of light transmission (multistability). These conditions are reached, regardless of chemical composition and structure of conductive coatings and without special electrical training cell due to the fact that the FLC layer has a thickness more than 10 μm, is optically active with the helix pitch distance of more than 1 μm and FFA state is outow, and chiral additive comprising optically active derivatives trifenilmetanovogo acid, the choice of components and the weight ratio cause as bistability and lack herringbone deformation of the FLC layer, if provided, the value of spontaneous polarization of the FLC at least 10 NC/cm2and multistability, if this value exceeds 50 NC/cm2. 2 C.p. f-crystals, 2 tab., 5 Il. The invention relates to electro-optical devices and can be used to create information displays, Svetozarov, imaging devices. Known ferroelectric liquid crystal display cell. In Fig. 1 is illustrated the General principle of its construction and structure; the figures and letters on the drawings and hereinafter designated: 1 flat transparent plate, 2 transparent conductive layers on the surface of which is formed the allocation of R, which ensures uniform orientation of liquid crystal molecules, 3 the plane of the smectic layers of the liquid crystal perpendicular to the surface of the wafer 1, 4 source of alternating voltage connected to the layer 2, E is the vector electric field, located in the square is x layers of ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC), Pwiththe vector of the spontaneous polarization of the FLC, L normal to the smectic layers, the z coordinate axis coinciding with the direction vector L, x coordinate axis parallel to the plates 1,othe angle of the long axes of the molecules with respect to the vector L (the angle between the vectors N and L ), the angle in the XY plane between the normal to the plates 1 and the vector Rwith, P, And the direction of the axes of the polarizer and analyzer, applied to the outer surface of the plates 1, b is the angle between the axes of the polarizer and analyzer, I0the intensity incident on the cell light, I is intensity modulated by the cell light. In Fig.2 illustrates a fundamental property of FLC at E 0: the periodic dependence of the azimuthal angle v from z, which is called a helicoid twist; in the drawing and hereinafter: P0- step spiral helical twist. The value of P0this is the distance along z between the plane of the smectic layers, in which the vector of the Pwithhas the same orientation, and the angle v to the same value. Depending on the chemical structure of FLC value of P0varies from 0.16 μm to infinity. If Po(z) const, that is, the orientation value, for example, 0,16 10 micrometers, then v f (z) is a periodic function with period Pabout. If E 0 and E > Fwithwhere Ewiththe critical value of the electric field, depending on the structure and thickness of the FLC layer, the helix is unwound by an electric field, that is achieved, the situation v (z) const, corresponding to Fig. 1. Light modulation cell is as follows. The cell falls natural unpolarized light, the intensity of which Iabout(Fig. 1). Passing through the polarizer P, the light becomes polarized in the direction of the axis of transmission of Polaroid and passing through layers 1 and 2, goes to the FLC layer. Propagation of polarized light through FLC depends on the relative position of the vector N and the axis of the polarizer P. the direction of the vector N in the cell depends on the sign of the voltage source 4, that is, from the direction of the field E. the angle between the vectors N(+E) and N(-E) is 2o(Fig. 1). If SJK is +E, and Polaroid is applied so that its axis is parallel to the vector N(+E), the light propagates along the main optical axis of FLC and therefore not having birefringence, and at = /2 cell does not transmit light. If the direction field will be changed to-E, the light will spread prizzia light converted from linear to elliptical. In this case, when = /2 cell transmits light. The change of transmittance of the cell is due to changes in the anisotropy of the FLC when the direction vector of the electric field. The intensity of the transmitted light I is determined by the ratio:< / BR> where n the magnitude of the birefringence layer FFA; d its thickness; the wavelength of the light, the angle between the vectors N and L. the Maximum transmittance of the cell T (I/Iabout1 is achieved, according to (1), if: < / BR> Thus, when the polarity of the electric voltage source is changing the direction of the electric field in the sample FLC from +E to-E, which leads to a change of transmittance of the cell from minimum to maximum value, and when changing from-E to +E light transmittance is changed from the maximum value. The described process is, if E > Fwith. After the change of polarity of the electric voltage source 4 and then off, i.e. when E 0 it is possible to save on time from 10-3with up to 106with called time memory, two States of the optical transmission of the cell is minimal (opaque state) and the maximum. This phenomenon is called bistabil is an antiferroelectric display cells [3] the Essence of it is, when E 0 it is possible to save not only the two States of the optical transmission of the cell maximum, but also any intermediate state. This effect can be used to obtain the dullness in information displays. However, in zhidkokristallicheskikh ferroelectric display cells the effect of multistability so far not been observed. It is known that up to the present time bistability is achieved through the interaction of FFA with surfaces 2. Bistable ferroelectric liquid crystal display cells of this type are called surface-stabilized structures. They are characterized by the following ratio between the pitch of the helix of the helix and the thickness of the FLC layer: Raboutd. These patterns have significant disadvantages. First, the stability of bistability depends on the homogeneity of the surfaces 2 and their identity, it is difficult to achieve technologically. Secondly, to obtain bistability of surface-stabilized structure must be subjected to special electrical effects [2] called electric training sample. After some time after electrical training education is working with the FLC layer thickness d of 1.5 to 2 micrometers, it is difficult to ensure when producing samples of cells. Fourthly, in the smectic layers are observed faults, called herringbone defects or chevrons (Fig. 3A). The presence of chevrons limit memory and leads to scattering in the cell that degrades its quality and lowers the contrast of light transmission. Closest to the claimed invention ( prototype) is a bistable liquid crystal display cell, stable helix. This type of cell is called helicoidal-stable structures and is characterized by the fact that Raboutd. Helicoidal-stable structures do not need the training sample. However, as in the case of surface-stabilized structures, there is a dependence of the stability of bistability of surface parameters, although significantly weaker than for the surface-stabilizirovannykh structures. In addition, glycodelin-stable structure, and surface-stabilizirovannye in d 1.5 2 micrometer. This invention solves the problem of creating a liquid crystal display cell in which there are no V-defects and which has bistability, that the chemical composition and structure of surfaces 2. This is achieved by selecting combinations of chemical structures of molecules, members of the FFA. To achieve the goal you want in the FLC composition were simultaneously included chemical compounds belonging to the following chemical classes: substituted phenylpyrimidine: < / BR> phenylbutane: < / BR> < / BR> optically active derivatives trifenilmetanovogo acid: < / BR> or like this: < / BR> or R*1, R*2the same radicals as in the structure VI. The combination of these structures in a certain ratio, namely, the weight ratio of phenylpyrimidine I, III and phenylbenzoate IV-V can vary from 4 1 to 1 4, optically active derivatives trifenilmetanovogo acid VI and VII are 10 to 40% by weight of FLC, provides the appearance of bistability in the FLC layer thickness more than 10 μm, if the structures VI and VII are selected in such a way that Rabout> 1 μm. Bistability in this case is a consequence of intermolecular interactions in the FLC, and not the result of the interaction of FFA with the surface, as in surface-stabilized structures, so there is no dependence of the resistance of bistability time and memory parameters with whom b), since the bending of the smectic layers is not allowed hard terminalname cores of the molecules of the optically active derivatives trifenilmetanovogo acid. At this time, the memory reaches 108sec or more when the thickness of the FLC layer 10 to 100 micrometers. If the structures VI and VII, the concentration of which in the FLC composition exceeds 25 wt. chosen so that Pabout> 1 μm, Pwith> 50 NC/cm2and the weight ratio of phenylpyrimidine I, III and phenylbenzoate IV V range from 1 to 4 1 to 4, the ferroelectric liquid crystal display cell is multistable when d > 10 μm. Optical manifestations of multistability are illustrated by the micrograph of Fig. 4B, which is visible to a periodic sequence of white and black stripes. The period specified patterns 14 micrometers. It is known that ferroelectrics, both solid and liquid, characterized by the presence of the hysteresis loop. Characteristic appearance of the hysteresis loop of the intensity of the light transmitted through the multistable liquid crystal display cell shown in Fig. 4A. At point a of the curve (Fig. 4A), the voltage source was turned on, the cell will remember the sequence of white (transparent) and che is the Reeve of the hysteresis loop, in which switches off the voltage source 4. When the amount of light transmission of the cell is determined by the ratio of the squares of white and black stripes. The physical reason for the appearance of the considered periodic structure - singleelectron domains in the FLC. These domains occur when Rwith> 50 NC/cm2. The period D is inversely proportional to the square of the spontaneous polarization of the FLC: D Rwith-2. The presence of domains is manifested in periodic modulation angle along the coordinate z (Fig. 5) and is associated only with the material parameters of the FLC. When you change the value of the voltage source 4 switches the first cell region, in which v is the maximum, while other areas do not switch. This leads to a periodic modulation of the transmittance of the cell (Fig. 4B), and the memorization of a periodic lattice at any point of the hysteresis loop is provided by a combination of the above chemical structures. Multistability, as bistability, is characterized by a time of remembrance, a time to remember the periodic lattice. Stereochemically conditions polucheniya of bistability and multistability largely the same, and all multistable cells is th display cell in statistics is fully described by the schema, shown in Fig. 1. Constructive contrast to previously proposed solutions is that the thickness of the layer of liquid crystal is more than 10 micrometers and not 1.5 to 2 micrometers. Modulation of light offered by the cell is exactly the same as known. However, to obtain bistability and multistability there is no need for the selection of chemical composition and structure of surfaces 2 and advanced electrical training sample. Bistable mode ferroelectric liquid crystal display cells and the presence of chevrons depending on the molecular structure of the FLC is illustrated by the examples in the table. 1 and multistable table. 2. 1. Ferroelectric liquid crystal display cell containing two flat transparent plates arranged in parallel one above the other on one side which caused Polaroid, and another transparent conductive coating connected to a source of alternating electric voltage, the surface of which is set to the selected direction to provide a uniform orientation of the molecules of the liquid crystal, ferroelectric W is managing its optical anisotropy under the influence of an electric field, consisting of the organization of the achiral smectic liquid crystal mixture comprising 60 to 90% of the total weight of FLC, and chiral additive, containing 10 to 40% of the total weight alcohols having spontaneous polarization Pwithmore than 10 NC/cm2and smectic tilt angle of more than 10o, characterized in that the conductive coating flat transparent plates spaced from each other at a distance of more than 10 μm, and organization of the achiral smectic liquid crystal mixture includes a combination of substituted phenylpyrimidine and phenylbenzoate in a ratio of from 1 to 4 1 to 4, and as phenylpyrimidine < / BR> < / BR> < / BR> is one of the structures I, III, or all together, or in any combination, and as phenylbenzoate < / BR> < / BR> is either one of structures IV, V, or all together, or in any combination, and as chiral additives in the composition of FLC is either one of structures VI VII < / BR> where < / BR> or < / BR> < / BR> where or R*1, R*2the same radicals as in the structure VI or structures, or any combination, provided that the induction step of the spiral Raboutthe helix FLC than 1 μm. 2. Cell under item 1, wherein n is 25 to 40% of the total weight of FLC. 3. The cell on the PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the chiral additive is chosen so that Rwithmore than 50 NC/cm2.
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