The method of extraction of rhizomes soboliferous weeds and machine for extracting

IPC classes for russian patent The method of extraction of rhizomes soboliferous weeds and machine for extracting (RU 2017372):

A01D91/02 - Products growing in the soil

A01D25/02 - Machines with rigid tools

Another patents in same IPC classes:

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Multilayered root crops harvesting machine (versions) / 2447639

Group of inventions refers to agriculture. The multilayered root crops harvesting machine comprises a frame, support wheels, 12 lift devices, rotary, first and second raddle chains-cleaners of root crops heap and a drive of their lifting/lowering. Four lift devices on each side near to the front road wheels are rigidly coupled with the frame. Each of the four secondary lift devices is connected to the frame with a separate hinge and is kinematically connected with the cam of soil surface in front of them. Rotary conveyors-cleaners are mounted behind the lift devices with a slope along the grasp width of the machine and the mutual overlap of part of their surface. Over their front bypass the board is installed in a form of a drive drum. The raddle chains-cleaners are installed on the machine frame behind the centers of the rotors of rotary conveyors-cleaners. The lower bypass of the first raddle chain-cleaner is located directly above the surface of the rotary conveyors-cleaner at one side of the machine, and its upper bypass is located on the loading height at the other side of the machine. Over the first raddle chain-cleaner the second conveyor-cleaner is pivotally mounted so that its lower bypass is also located over the rotary transporter-cleaner and it is connected to the machine frame by flexible suspensions and is spring-loaded.

Method and apparatus for extraction of deep-rootage medicinal plants, including licorice, growing on abandoned, dried out hard and stony soil / 2247483

Method and machine for extracting of root mass of deep-descending rootstock weeds, preferably licorice roots and rootstocks / 2251248

Method involves preliminarily plowing root layer by deep cutting of soil layer without turning and deformation thereof by means of, preferably, flat U-shaped working tool; separating soil and separating rootstocks and roots during second passage along track of previous working tool by lifting undercut layer with the help of inclined lifters and by providing periodic impacts upon lifted layer from the bottom to the top by means of teeth of rotating rotor, with following moving of licorice roots and rootstocks onto surface of tilled soil strip and of soil aggregates and ground to the initial position; providing soil strip of 1.9-2.2 m width by rotavating soil top layer to 0.03-0.06 m depth; cutting 1.1-1.3 m wide and 0.45-0.65 m deep soil layer at one edge of tilled strip; during lifting of undercut layer and deformation thereof, separating root layer into small-sized and large-sized soil aggregates and root mass; laying extracted and separated roots and rootstocks onto remaining part of tilled strip; simultaneously covering surface of undercut layer having soil aggregates moved to the initial position. Machine has frame, separator with inclined lifters, and rotor positioned behind inclined lifters and equipped with drive having teeth with framed working edges. Machine is further provided with vibrating screen mounted behind rotor, and tray for laying licorice roots and rootstocks at the side of frame. Each lifter is mounted on transverse beam of frame and is equipped with chisel positioned on its lower part. Front face of lifter is made flat, with different angles of inclination with respect to horizontal plane.

Method of harvesting and post harvesting processing of tuberous roots / 2362294

Method involves digging the tuberous root layer and removal of foreign objects. The harvest is temporarily stored in a detachable storage bin of a harvesting machine. The harvest is then transported in the same storage bin from the field to a point for post harvesting processing, where the product is unloaded, the tuberous roots are cleaned and sorted into fractions of its packaging for storage.

Tuberous roots transportation and cleaning method / 2400048

Invention is intended to provide for quality and effective tuberous roots cleanup of soil. The method involves delivery of a tuberous roots heap to cleaning working tools and their interaction with the elements of the cleaning working tools represented by brushes as well as further unloading. The brushes perform clean off soil with cylindrical springs. The spring is positioned parallel to the brushes axle that performs longitudinal alternate/reciprocal vibratory motion along the brushes axle so that to enable the spring self-cleaning.

Method of mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots and machine system of its implementation / 2446668

Method of mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, including digging of ridge of tuberous roots layer, its transportation with detaching of tuberous roots from the soil impurities of the layer by separation, download and accumulation of tuberous roots in the replaceable trailing hopper, transportation in it of tuberous roots to the line of post-harvesting processing, separation of the remaining impurities from the tuberous roots, their sorting into factions, and shipping. Before digging of the ridge the tops are removed, the ridge of the tuberous roots layer is pinched by figured wheel finders, covered from the sides by the cut-off wheels of the flat plowshare, and then it is digged out with a flat plowshare; root crops are transported to the clod table of the tuberous roots harvester, on which root crops are sorted out and uniformly loaded into the harvester reserve replaceable trailing hopper on wheels mounted on the tuberous roots, made with the drive bottom-conveyor and the cascade device with absorber of speed of descent of tuberous roots, the bottom of which communicates with a replaceable trailing hopper, made with a drive bottom-conveyor and the tail board, with the drive wheels of the reserve replaceable trailing hopper are mounted in one longitudinal plane with the harvester wheels; after transportation of tuberous roots to the line of post-harvesting processing the discharge of the end bottom-conveyor of the replaceable trailing hopper is installed with an overlap and a minimum difference over the receiving conveyor of the line of post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, the tail board of the replaceable trailing hopper is raised and by the turned on drive bottom-conveyor from the electric motor tuberous roots are overloaded on the conveyor of the line of post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots, and when filling the replaceable trailing hopper during the accumulation of tuberous roots the filled replaceable trailing hopper is disconnected, the empty replaceable trailing hopper is attached and tuberous roots are loaded into it from the reserve replaceable trailing hopper. A system for mechanised harvesting and post-harvesting processing of tuberous roots containing sequentially located tuberous roots harvester equipped with a reserve replaceable trailing hopper and interacting with the means of transportation of tuberous roots to the line for their post-harvesting processing, made in the form of a replaceable trailing hopper. Digging working bodies in the harvester are made in the form of a ploughshare with cut-off discs, located behind the crimping figured wheel finders and replaceable trailing hopper is made provided with a liftgate and is equipped with a drive from hydraulic system or a electric motor of a harvester and the harvester wheels and the wheels of reserve replaceable trailing hopper are made with the possibility of synchronous rotation, and are located in the same longitudinal plane.

Root crops harvesting machine / 2447644

Invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in machines for harvesting root crops. The root crops harvesting machine comprises a main frame, the rack with a lift device fixed on it, root-taking discs, two beaters and a screw cleaner. The cleaner is designed as two successively mounted sets, each of which consists of two screws, a roll and a support bracket. Over the second screw of the front set a spring-loaded guide in the form of a gear wall is mounted.

Method of beet tops harvesting with its plant ensilage and technological vehicle for harvesting beet tops / 2457664

Invention relates to a group of agriculture. Method of harvesting beet tops with its ensilage involves cutting the tops with the top of the root, cleaning piles of the tops from impurities of soil, and loading the tops to the technological vehicle constantly moving between rows of sugar beet with uncut tops on the unharvested side next to the top harvester. After loading the tops are transported to a place of ensilage, followed by unloading by placing in a surface clamp by the layer on top of previously laid layers, with the tops are placed on the previous layer in the surface clamp by throwing it from the tailgate of a technological vehicle body, made in the form of carrier-thrower. The technological vehicle for harvesting beet tops contains a wheeled chassis, body with sideboards hingedly connected to the chassis frame, and hydraulic cylinder of its tilting for unloading, mounted hingedly between the chassis frame and the bodywork. The rear side of the body is designed as a carrier-thrower, the chassis wheels of which are made fit into beet inter-row spacings on width and track and arranged in two traces on the same track, which coincides with the track of the towing tractor. Part of wheels of them are made of pivoted flap type and mounted on lever suspensions, and the chassis frame is equipped with a trailer needle and is adapted to connect to the tractor through its hitch attachment according to the scheme of the semitrailer.

Method of non-traumatic loading-unloading of tuberous roots / 2464767

Invention relates to agriculture and can be used to provide a method of non-traumatic loading and unloading tuberous roots from harvesting agricultural machines, such as potato harvesters. The method consists in the fact that flexible diaphragms are the first designed and then made as autonomous structures that can be easily mounted and removed from the body of the vehicle or a tractor trolley. The internal cavity of the said diaphragms is filled with air, equipped with a compressor with an air-filter, safety and outflow valve so that it is actuated only at a certain load, and gradually discharges air from the interior cavity of the diaphragm to the complete use of its height. After that, tuberous roots are transported to the warehouse, and there while unloading the similar flexible diaphragms are used, which are mounted first on self-propelled devices. If necessary, they are rolled under the vehicle or a tractor trolley, the products are unloaded in them, transported in to the desired location in the warehouse and placed for long-term storage. To return the flexible diaphragm to its original state the compressor is actuated, air is injected into the diaphragm to actuating the safety valve, and it is provided that the original form of the flexible diaphragm is not convex, but U-shaped.

Flexible diaphragm / 2465186

Diaphragm for non-traumatic handling of tuberous roots consists of base and frame (1), made as rectangular rigid spatial bar structure with double bottom (2). Walls are made solid and rigidly mounted on bars of base or frame (1). Inside the frame, flexible diaphragm (4) is attached to bottom with possibility to be filled with air from common compressor (5) with control panel (6). To side walls of the frame (1), flexible belt (7) having width equal to diaphragm (4) length is rigidly attached. Near bottom this belt forms narrow loop (8) and passes upwards without being rigidly attached to diaphragm (4) material. At the top, the belt (7) is rigidly attached to diaphragm (4) material and can be made of polyurethane foam or in combination. Profile of diaphragm (4) when being filled with air forms trough shape. At the top of front wall, pneumatic chute is rigidly attached being possible to fold and unfold depending on feeding or removing air to/from it. The chute is made of flexible material, and its outer surface is covered with polyurethane foam. From below, along centerline near the front wall pneumatic cylinder with air stock under pressure of 100-150 MPa inside the cylinder is attached. The cylinder has drain valve and exhaust valve. Cross profile of the chute is trough-shaped. From below of the chute, horizontal rectangular concavity is formed where horizontal rigid link (9) is stretched. Its one end is pivotally attached to the front wall of the said concavity, and the second end is rigidly connected with tape-coil spring. There can be several such devices installed along a wall with equal pitch.

Method of loader-cleaner of root crops and unit for its implementation / 2471334

Group of inventions can be used for cleaning and loading of sugar beet from the field pile into the vehicle. The method of operation of the unit as a part of the tractor and the loader-cleaner of root crops includes periods of presence of the loader-cleaner at the field pile of root crops waiting for the arrival of the vehicle for removal of root crops and periods of operation of the loader-cleaner on arrival of the next vehicle. The root crops, soil impurities, and crop residues are taken from the field pile by the loader-cleaner and sent to the cleaning units. They are then partially purified by movement to the loading elevator, and then loaded into the back of the vehicle. During the periods of presence of the loader-cleaner at the field pile of root crops waiting for the arrival of the vehicle, the root crops and soil impurities are taken from the field pile by the loader-cleaner and sent to the cleaning units, cleaned from impurities and moved to the cross conveyor which places a pile of root crops with the remaining impurities in the new field pile on the opposite side from the loading elevator. Upon arrival of the vehicle the cleaned root crops and remaining impurities are taken from the new field pile, re-cleaned and moved to the loading elevator which loads twice cleaned pile of root crops with reduced remaining impurities in the back of the vehicle.

(57) Abstract:

Usage: agriculture for cleaning the roots of the weed plants, such as reeds. The essence of the invention: method of extraction of rhizomes soboliferous weeds includes plowing rhizomatous fields to plough without skimmers and blade at a depth of 25 cm, and then the processing composition of the soil, raised to the desired depth, the method of their screening with subsequent extraction of the roots of weeds by combined exposure to forces of impact, shear and vibrometry, followed by transportation extracts of rhizomes in the bunker with leaving them outside of the field. Machine for implementing the foregoing method of extraction of rhizomes contains a power tool, a plow jockey wheel, Elevator, separator, making plane-parallel movement, while on the receiving area of the separator is installed spring (floating) rotor made with hammers, and the axial rod for controlado, where part controlado equipped with comb runners; cronn for collecting the extracted rhizomes have a bunker. 2 C. p. F.-ly, 3 C. p. F.-ly, 4 Il.

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods isplace the Known method the extract of rhizomes of plant mass, includes extract of rhizomes by sifting soil layer, which is carried out using a device consisting of intake knives and a set of disk drum (U.S. patent N 2742839, 1953). The disadvantages of the method are low productivity and poor quality extract of the rhizomes of the composition of medium to heavy soils with strong rhizomes soboliferous weeds. The degree of screening of the soil layer is sharply reduced because of the passive disk drums on the processed material, working bodies clogged, there is scrivanie soil. For cleaning, you must stop the unit, which reduces productivity. In addition, when using this device along with the roots, made fertile layer of the soil.

The method for extracting roots, including the operation of plowing the soil with plows without skimmers and dumps to a depth of 16 cm, and then removing the rhizomes developed installation (A. C. Sattarov, H. N. Nasyrov, Centuries Yakimenko. Installation for combing rhizomatous weeds. - Tractors and agricultural machinery, 1989, No. 7, S. 36, 38). The disadvantage of this method is poor performance, because when removing Kornev the CI does not provide a sufficient degree of extraction and the quality of the extracted material. In addition, the screens and install designed for sifting soil and crushing lumps and the disruption of rhizomes with soil only occurs due to the forces of mastication. The specified device is also disturbed soil fertility, due to its removal.

The purpose of the invention is to increase functionality, improve efficiency of extraction of rhizomes, as well as extending the range of application of the machine.

This is achieved by the fact that in the proposed method, the extract of the rhizomes is carried out by the combined effects on extractable material impact force, shear and vibrometry.

In the car, containing a plow jockey wheel, Elevator, rattle and bunker, rattle made in the form of the separator, making plane-parallel movement, while on the receiving area of the separator has a floating spring-loaded rotor with hammers, and the axial rod for controlado, and some controlado has a comb-like runners. In addition, the distance between the walls of the hammer and controltime equal to the minimum value of the capacity of the recoverable rhizomes such as reeds, i.e. 50...90 mm Skids made from rubber material and fixed Cove. Expanding the range of application of the machine for different values of the capacity of the roots, i.e., for different types of root crops, is achieved by changing the location of the rotor relative to the housing of the machine in mutually perpendicular planes. These characteristics constitute the novelty of the proposed solution.

Sign the combined effect on extractable material in the area of screening force of impact, shear and vibramycine gives the total effect of the extract of rhizomes due to the combined effects of different components of the forces on the material being processed, that leads to increased performance by improving the processing. Evidence of compliance: rumble in the cage doing plane-parallel movement, the supply of the machine rotor, axial rod for controlados and comb runners ensure the fulfilment of the above operations and contributes to the achievement of the objectives. It follows that the technical solution meets the criterion of "substantial differences".

A positive effect is achieved at the expense of more productive and qualitative processing of extracted material by combining with it the effect of environmenta is eveden diagram of the method of extraction of rhizomes soboliferous weeds; in Fig.2 is a schematic General view of a machine for the extraction of roots; Fig.3 - the location of the rotor with controltime; Fig.4 is a view along arrow a in Fig.3.

When removing rhizomes soboliferous weeds apply the method including the following operations (Fig.1): plowing rhizomatous fields to plough without skimmers and dumps at a depth of 25 cm, and then the processing composition of the soil, raised to the desired depth by the method of screening and subsequent extraction of the roots of the weeds by the combined effect of forces on them, hit slice and vibrometry, followed by transportation of the extracted roots in the bunker with leaving them outside of the field. Machine has power tool 1 (Fig.2), blade 2, jockey wheel 3, the Elevator 4, the separator 5, performing a plane-parallel movement, while on the receiving area of the separator 5 are spring-loaded (floating) of the rotor 7, is made with hammers 8, and the axial rod 9 (Fig.3) for controlado 10, where part controlado equipped with comb 11 runners; additionally, for collecting the extracted roots has a hopper 12 (Fig.2).

The distance between the walls of the hammers 8 and controlados 10 are within 50. ..90 mm, which corresponds to the length isih decreases in the direction from the longitudinal axis controlado 10. The rails 11 may be made of rubber material. To extend the range of application of the machine for different types of roots of agricultural plants the location of the rotor 7 relative to the machine frame is made adjustable in mutually perpendicular planes.

The method of extraction of rhizomes soboliferous weeds is carried out using a machine that works as follows.

Layer of soil, raised from a depth of up to 25 cm blade 2 (Fig.2), together with the roots of weeds, mainly rhizomes of reed goes to the Elevator 4, where there is a partial reseeding soil. At the exit of the Elevator rhizomes transition part of the soil is exposed to the rotor 7 with 8 hammers, directing them to the separator 5, when this occurs, the movement of the layers of the masses relative to each other due to the variable impact hammers 8 of the rotor 7. In the interaction of the hammer 8 controlador 10 soil is crushed, ground and screened, it also promotes vibrometers the impact of the runners 11 contratulate 10 on rhizomes.

Thus, the combined force of the kick, slice and vibramycine on the processed material of the vest is not processed material is the complex oscillatory motion, causing a more complete identification of the most adhering soil particles from the roots, thus reducing the removal of topsoil. During this movement of the separator 5 on the plane of the trajectory contributes to increase the effect of vibramycine 11 runners; additionally, it promotes the implementation of the runners in the form of comb surface of the rubber material. When switching from one type of roots of the weeds to a different degree of impact rotor 7 on the processed material is regulated by changing the location of the rotor 7 relative to the machine frame in mutually perpendicular planes. With the separator 5 rhizomes under the action of friction forces and plane-parallel motion is delivered to the hopper 12, after which they are taken outside the field. The depth of the plow blade 2 is set by changing the height of castor wheels 3 and the transporting movement of the working bodies are from the PTO of the tractor 1.

The present invention allows to increase the degree of selection of the soil from the roots and provides increasing productivity, improving quality extract of the rhizomes.

1. The method of extraction of rhizomes soboliferous weeds, including prewar, characterized in that the selection of rhizomes is carried out by combined exposure to forces of impact, shear and vibrometry.

2. Machine to extract rhizomes soboliferous weeds, containing frame, jockey wheel, the plow, Elevator, separator with a rotor and the hopper, characterized in that, with the aim of improving efficiency in operation, the rotor is constructed and provided with a spring-loaded hammers and controltime with comb runners, and controluce mounted on the rotor by means of the axial rod, and the separator is installed with the possibility of a plane-parallel motion.

3. Machine under item 2, characterized in that the runners enshrined in controlado at a different length, the latter decreases in the direction from the longitudinal axis of the machine.

4. Machine under item 2, characterized in that the runners are made of elastic material.

5. Machine under item 2, characterized in that the rotor is installed on the frame with the ability to regulate its position in the vertical and horizontal planes.