Method of open working of minerals with groundwater influx |
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IPC classes for russian patent Method of open working of minerals with groundwater influx (RU 2521002):
Method of deposition open working / 2520619
Proposed method comprises excavation of working trench, mounting of transport communications, working of quarry field, excavation of minerals and access rock by benches. Note here that quarry field development is varied out from centre to its flanks while after development of quarry field for angle α between working trench and transport communications to be defined from mathematical relationship. Access rock is dumped into internal dumps located between working trench and transport communications. After complete development of quarry field working trench is elongated and transport communications are installed, cycle being reiterated several times.
Method of pilling on inclined base / 2520611
Proposed method comprises stockpile filling of dumping site stages. Note here that dumping site stage comprising rocks of capping and pasty tails are laid separately towards each other. Note also that pasty tails are laid on slope side Note that stockpile filling of dumping site stages and pasty tails I performed to one horizontal level.
 Method for direct development of working trench / 2520234
Method involves stripping operations performed by longitudinal stripping cuts along the direct system with laying of overburden rock into external dump arranged on upper platform of a non-working open-pit side, at stock-piling of overburden rock to external dump in tiers that are formed along dumping front. Dumping front is arranged at a right angle to an upper edge of a non-working side of the open pit and aligned with movement direction of overburden rock from the working face of longitudinal stripping cut to their dumping place.
 Drilling and blasting operations at open pits / 2517289
Proposed method comprises drilling of parallel rows of wells, charging them with explosives and their short-delay blasting. This short-delay blasting of radially arranged charges in membrane layers is performed as follows. First row of wells is blasted, the third one from the bench edge. Then, 1 row of wells is blasted with 25 ms delay while 2 rows of wells are last blasted with 50 ms delay. To locate the membrane layers, rock mass is photographed to define the radius of curvature of bench mining block slope by relationship with due allowance for acoustic stiffness of rocks. Weighted average layer-by-layer quantity of systematic fractures per the width of mining block coverage Wc is defined. Weighted average spacing between two adjacent systematic fractures is defined. Degree of crushing and line of resistance at bench bottom are defined. Sums of rock bed depths and strength factor (by Protodyakonov scale) are calculated. Rock strain rate, clamp factor, explosive potential energy and blast efficiency are defined.
 Method of open pit mining with help of wheel-type miners, self-propelled hoppers and dump trucks / 2517262
Rock loosened by wheel-type miner is dumped by miner discharge arm belt conveyor onto that of self-propelled two-section hopper turn bar. Then, it is dumped into hopper sections rock from under which, with no outage of hopper and miner displacing in synchronism and in parallel, it is dumped cyclically into dump-trucks. Said dump-trucks move along with said hopper at loading.
 Method to extract non-commercial reserves in development of coal beds / 2514252
Invention relates to mining industry, in particular, to development of slope beds of coal deposits by open mining works. The method includes development of a series of slope flat-dipping beds by open mining works comprising a coal bed with non-commercial reserves. This bed may be in a bench at its any height. Mining of overburden rocks is carried out by horizontal layers after blast-hole drilling carried out with the purpose to loosen the rock massif for the entire height of the bench, including a coal bed with non-commercial reserves. The rock of the beds without admixture of coal is loaded right into dumper trucks, and the layer containing the bed coal with non-commercial reserves, is sent via the device for separation of rock pieces from fine coal and loaded into different dump trucks. The upper and lower borders of the layer containing the bed coal with non-commercial reserves are set, when the mixture of the rock and coal reaches the ratio of 85-90% rock and 10-15% coal.
 Method to prepare for dressing of difficult coals / 2514248
Method includes treatment of coal extracted from coal deposits for opening of its splices with rock. At the same time the coal is placed in layers at the intermediate storage, arranged on the southern slope of a knoll (mountain, hill) or a pit heap, the site of which has an angle of inclination 10-25°, exposed in spring-autumn periods to solar radiation with the number of "thawing-freezing" cycles with transition of temperature via 0°C equal to at least 7. Besides, the thickness of the coal layers is taken on the basis of the calculation sufficient for daily heating-cooling, and after thermal processing the coal is shipped from the warehouse for subsequent demineralisation.
 Open mining method for mineral deposits / 2513464
Invention relates to mining, more precisely to open mining of high deposits with use of continuous operation technique. The method includes cutting of a permanent trench, construction of a working trench, installation of transportation lines, bench cutting of mineral resources by continuous extraction and haulage system with a fan-shaped area of operations. When operations are performed in the fan-shaped manner a solid bed located outside the fan-shaped border is developed simultaneously; mineral deposits are shipped to transportation lines and at first the area of a V-shaped cut is determined at the fan-shaped area of operations in compliance with the following condition:
 Method for large-scale explosive destruction of mine rock masses of complex structure for selective extraction of mineral deposit at open-pit mining / 2511330
Invention refers to mining industry, and namely to open-pit mining operations at development of ore and non-ore blocks of mineral deposits, the sections of which are sufficiently different as to mining-and-geological structure and quality of a valuable component, and namely to selective extraction of a mineral deposit by large-scale explosive destruction of mine rock masses of a complex structure. In rows of charges, which cross different-type mine rocks, well and group beam charges are located; group beam charges are located in sections requiring intense crushing. The latter are located in sections requiring intense crushing with direction of a convex beam surface towards intense crushing; row-by-row explosive breakage of single well and group beam charges is performed, thus performing row-by-row extension of nominal diameter of an explosion cavity.
 Method of dumping at open mining of mineral deposits / 2509891
Method involves extraction of overburden, its transportation to a dumping place and its unloading under dumping front slope. Unloading of overburden and its laying is performed in separate stock piles located parallel to each other, onto the internal slopes of which the smallest overburden rocks are unloaded, and paste-like tailings are dumped between them after benefication processing of ores; at laying of every next stock pile, stockpiling of tailings of benefication processing of ores is performed from the pre-formed stock pile, and distance between stock piles is determined as per a mathematical formula.
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FIELD: mining. SUBSTANCE: proposed method comprises erection of sludge pond, opening and mining of quarry field. At quarry nonworking board bench located on the side of maximum ground water mark in quarry field contour erected is buttress anti-filtration shield, under the level of ground waters beyond the boundaries the prism of possible collapse of underlying bench, over the entire length of ground water layer. Note here that buttress shield height is defined from mathematical relationship. EFFECT: lower capital and operating costs. 3 dwg
The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the development of mineral deposits from groundwater inflow. There is a method of combined development of irrigated mineral deposits, including the development of career fields to an economical depth with external dumping of overburden and career drainage, tunnelling underground revealing the workings, gradual filling of the waste pit rocks and mining of mineral reserves below the limit position of the bottom of the quarry, before dumping rocks build at the bottom of the waste pit drainage elements mine drainage, including horizontal filter columns and inclined wells, connecting the filter columns with underground mine workings, the dumping of solid rock below the soles of the main aquifer reservoir, laying on top slability of materials (fabric, natural or artificial material) and then significantly clay rocks so that they overlap the roof of the main aquifer of the reservoir, the maintenance work of quarry dewatering during the excavation of the underground revealing the workings and dumping rocks, drainage of solid rock, however, the performance of the mine pumping exceed led the inu inflow of drainage water through essentially argillaceous rocks, the testing of the underlying stocks are under the protection of the filled rocks with tab (EN 2165018 C2, IPC7E21C 41/00, 14.07.1999 published: 10.04.2001). The disadvantage of this method is sinking underground revealing the workings, structures at the bottom of the waste pit draining elements of the mine pumping, dumping of solid rock below the soles of the main aquifer reservoir, laying on top subfilters materials and then essentially argillaceous, maintenance works quarry dewatering during the excavation of the underground revealing the workings and dumping rocks, which significantly reduces the efficiency of field development. The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a method of open pit mining of mineral deposits, including the construction of a hydraulic mine dump, opening career field ditch, filled with water, also mounted therein a floating suction device Ripper, which produces the notch career field horizontal layers from top to bottom and transports the mountain mass on the surface of the slurry pipeline, placing waste rock in hydraulic mine dump. The recess is produced with a lowering of the water after testing layers, maintaining the water at the roof level of the current operating horizon accounts for the return to the quarry water from hydraulic mine dump. For training the next layer is the kickoff carry out the excavation, which then expand and testing of horizontal layers is carried out by continuous extraction floating suction device CSD system benches (EN 2261331 C2, IPC7E21C 41/26, from 21.01.2002 published: 10.09.2003). The disadvantage of this method is the necessity of the formation of hydraulic mine dump outside of career fields and lease of large areas of land, and production operations on water drainage and the water cycle, including maintenance of the water surface at the same level due to the return of water from the hydraulic mine dump. The task of this method is the increased efficiency of the development of irrigated fields by eliminating operations for carrying out the drainage openings, career drainage, draining elements mine drainage, elimination of energy consumption for the above operations. The possibility of extraction of minerals in flooded conditions without any additional operations. To achieve these objectives the inventive method open pit mining of mineral deposits from groundwater inflow contains the following set of essential features: 1. Outside the wall of the open pit feature with the maximum level of groundwater in the circuit Carew is tion of the field. 2. From outside the pit on the horizon, located below the groundwater level outside the prism of a possible collapse of the underlying ledge, set parallel to the ledge and over the whole length of the layer of groundwater buttress impervious screen, and the height of the buttress of the screen is determined from the conditions: H=hin+hwater+hy+h3, where hin- the height of the impermeable part of the ledge, m; hwater- the capacity of the aquifer, m; hyheight increase groundwater levels in the backwater buttress screen, m; h3- spare the height of the surface part buttress screen, m Location outside the pit on the other hand, will lead to a significant increase in the size buttress impervious screen. This will help to eliminate the flow of groundwater in the career field, bypassing the buttress protivopoltavlenie screen. The use of space between the outside and work aboard the quarry will reduce the area disturbed and the leased land during the development of mineral deposits from groundwater inflow. The invention is illustrated graphically where: I - outside the wall of the open pit; II - working Board career; 1 - layer groundwater; 2 - buttress impervious E. the Russian Academy of Sciences; 3 - anchor lining; 4 - Playground bench not on the desktop Board pit located below the groundwater level. The method of open pit mining of mineral deposits from groundwater inflow is illustrated graphically in figure 1, figure 2 and figure 3. Figure 1 shows the case testing Nagorno-field at the location of the maximum level of ground water above the maximum height of the buttress impervious screen. Figure 2 shows the case testing Nagorno-field at the location of the maximum level of ground water at or below the maximum height of the buttress impervious screen. Figure 3 shows a detailed section of the layout buttress impervious screen with its parameters. Where hin- the height of the impermeable part of the ledge, m; hwater- the capacity of the aquifer, m; hyheight increase groundwater levels in the backwater buttress screen, m; h3- spare the height of the surface part buttress screen, m The method is implemented as follows: when developing career fields with groundwater inflow outside Board career I have from the maximum level of groundwater level 1 in the circuit of career fields. To prevent the inflow of groundwater into Kari the p-side outside the pit on the horizon, located below the groundwater level outside the prism of a possible collapse of the underlying ledge 4 is installed parallel to the ledge and over the whole length of the layer of groundwater buttress membrane screen 2, and the height of the buttress impervious screen is determined from the condition: H=hin+hwater+hy+h3, where hin- the height of the impermeable part of the ledge, m; hwater- the capacity of the aquifer, m; hyheight increase groundwater levels in the backwater buttress screen, m; h3- spare the height of the surface part buttress screen, m To increase stability buttress impervious screen they are fixed anchor supports 3. The proposed method open pit mining of mineral deposits with the influx of groundwater can reduce capital and operating costs by eliminating operations for carrying out the drainage openings, career drainage, draining elements mine drainage, elimination of energy consumption for the above operation. The method of open pit mining of mineral deposits with the influx of groundwater, including the construction of a hydraulic mine dump, the Stripping and mining quarry field, characterized in that on the ledge outside the pit, positioned and what about from the maximum level of ground water level in the career path field, install buttress membrane screen, below the groundwater level outside the prism of a possible collapse of the underlying ledge on the entire length of the layer of groundwater, and the height of the buttress of the screen is determined from the conditions:
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