Method to extract non-commercial reserves in development of coal beds |
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IPC classes for russian patent Method to extract non-commercial reserves in development of coal beds (RU 2514252):
 Method to prepare for dressing of difficult coals / 2514248
Method includes treatment of coal extracted from coal deposits for opening of its splices with rock. At the same time the coal is placed in layers at the intermediate storage, arranged on the southern slope of a knoll (mountain, hill) or a pit heap, the site of which has an angle of inclination 10-25°, exposed in spring-autumn periods to solar radiation with the number of "thawing-freezing" cycles with transition of temperature via 0°C equal to at least 7. Besides, the thickness of the coal layers is taken on the basis of the calculation sufficient for daily heating-cooling, and after thermal processing the coal is shipped from the warehouse for subsequent demineralisation.
 Open mining method for mineral deposits / 2513464
Invention relates to mining, more precisely to open mining of high deposits with use of continuous operation technique. The method includes cutting of a permanent trench, construction of a working trench, installation of transportation lines, bench cutting of mineral resources by continuous extraction and haulage system with a fan-shaped area of operations. When operations are performed in the fan-shaped manner a solid bed located outside the fan-shaped border is developed simultaneously; mineral deposits are shipped to transportation lines and at first the area of a V-shaped cut is determined at the fan-shaped area of operations in compliance with the following condition:
 Method for large-scale explosive destruction of mine rock masses of complex structure for selective extraction of mineral deposit at open-pit mining / 2511330
Invention refers to mining industry, and namely to open-pit mining operations at development of ore and non-ore blocks of mineral deposits, the sections of which are sufficiently different as to mining-and-geological structure and quality of a valuable component, and namely to selective extraction of a mineral deposit by large-scale explosive destruction of mine rock masses of a complex structure. In rows of charges, which cross different-type mine rocks, well and group beam charges are located; group beam charges are located in sections requiring intense crushing. The latter are located in sections requiring intense crushing with direction of a convex beam surface towards intense crushing; row-by-row explosive breakage of single well and group beam charges is performed, thus performing row-by-row extension of nominal diameter of an explosion cavity.
 Method of dumping at open mining of mineral deposits / 2509891
Method involves extraction of overburden, its transportation to a dumping place and its unloading under dumping front slope. Unloading of overburden and its laying is performed in separate stock piles located parallel to each other, onto the internal slopes of which the smallest overburden rocks are unloaded, and paste-like tailings are dumped between them after benefication processing of ores; at laying of every next stock pile, stockpiling of tailings of benefication processing of ores is performed from the pre-formed stock pile, and distance between stock piles is determined as per a mathematical formula.
 Method of dumping onto inclined base / 2507397
Method involves dumping of an initial tier of dump rocks onto an inclined base with height H that is determined based on the following condition:
 Open cut development method for steeply low stratified deposits / 2506425
Invention pertains to mining and it can be used for development of steeply low stratified deposits, including eluvial and deluvial placers. The method includes stock penetration at independent levels, formation of working sites and extraction of minerals by mining equipment stepwise. At that formation of working sites is made from top downward; moreover steps are made by layer-by-layer extraction and horizontal shift of the mineral to the upper edge of the step and its subsequent throwing along the slope until a working site is formed thus providing safe operation of mining equipment and transport facilities.
 Development method of water-bearing mineral deposits / 2504657
According to the proposed method, an open-pit field is developed with a trench; the open pit is filled with water and an extraction device is installed in it; the open-pit field is developed in downward horizontal layers with water level control after development of layers. The water-filled open-pit field is divided into the following zones: working deposit zone prepared for development and developed deposit zone; in each of the above zones there installed are water-nonpermeable screens fenced from the common open-pit field. In addition, each zone is restricted with partition walls and water level is controlled, thus providing its increase in the working zone provided that Hl>Hw+ Hs.max, where: Hl - height of horizontal layer, m; Hw - height of water column, m; Hs.max - maximum scooping height, m; and under the condition of Hw > Hds.max, there provided is water level decrease in the working zone, where Hds.max - maximum scooping depth, m; and as the extraction device is being moved to a new working zone, installation of partition walls in the prepared zone and removal from the developed zone is performed.
 Method for open excavation of mineral deposits using crushing link and high-angle conveyors (hac) / 2501951
Method involves creation of crushing and reloading stations of a semi-stationary type in sections of boards mainly on the basis of jaw crushers by obtaining a lump with the size of 400-450 mm, and then, additional crushing in screw-and-tooth crushers. Supply of rock mass by means of a feeder to a hopper with further supply to a crushing device for destruction of large lumps with the size of 700-1200 mm by means of a hammer connected with a tie-rod to a rotating flywheel with a slot, and for destruction of average lumps with the size of 400-700 mm by means of a hammer connected to the flywheel through a pin, after lumps are crushed to the sizes of 250-300 mm, they are transferred by means of feeders and conveyors to mobile cone-shaped crushers of average crushing. After that, crushed material of small size is supplied to inclined and high-angle and vertical conveyors to improve mobility and quick movement from one place to another; crushing devices are made in the form of vertical modules and located horizontally, and if necessary, productivity of a crushing device can be increased; for that purpose, more than one slits is made in a plate 250-300 mm wide, and two more slits are made in side zones. With that, impact plate may have supporting surface and possibility of quick movement.
 Inclined hoisting unit / 2500890
Unit includes a hoisting machine, a hoisting vessel moving by means of a rope (ropes) and rope-supporting rollers. With that, rope-supporting rollers are equipped with electric motors powered from the electric generator mechanically connected to the hoisting machine actuator; rollers are spring-loaded, and a friction coupling is installed between the roller and the electric motor.
 Method of open operation of elongated deposits of steeply pitching seams / 2499139
Proposed method comprises development of quarry field in steps, land filling of external and internal piles in mined out space of man-made deposit of off-grade ores. In formation of mined out space, uncovering drifts over bottom levels in boundaries and at height of planned man-made deposit are driven in ore, while at the level fixing the end of sinking jobs in the first stage outlines internal dump is cyclically piled to locate uncovering drifts therein. Said internal dump divides quarry space into zones of gotten and not gotten jobs. Simultaneously, man-made deposit is formed bordering upon quarry mined out space and internal dump. Now, proceeding with development of main deposit reserves, man-made deposit is prepared.
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FIELD: mining. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mining industry, in particular, to development of slope beds of coal deposits by open mining works. The method includes development of a series of slope flat-dipping beds by open mining works comprising a coal bed with non-commercial reserves. This bed may be in a bench at its any height. Mining of overburden rocks is carried out by horizontal layers after blast-hole drilling carried out with the purpose to loosen the rock massif for the entire height of the bench, including a coal bed with non-commercial reserves. The rock of the beds without admixture of coal is loaded right into dumper trucks, and the layer containing the bed coal with non-commercial reserves, is sent via the device for separation of rock pieces from fine coal and loaded into different dump trucks. The upper and lower borders of the layer containing the bed coal with non-commercial reserves are set, when the mixture of the rock and coal reaches the ratio of 85-90% rock and 10-15% coal. EFFECT: extraction of coal bed with non-commercial reserves without changes in the procedure of open mining works performance. 2 dwg
The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used for open development of coal seams to extract off-balance reserves of coal. The method for extracting off-balance-sheet reserves with a combined development of coal seams ([1] prototype). The main disadvantages of this technology are large losses of coal, and the need to split the ledge on pedoscope associated with the placement of the reservoir with off-balance reserves of coal. The technical challenge was to develop technologies that enable the extraction of coal seam with off-balance-sheet reserves without changing the order of conducting surface mining. The proposed method differs in that the formation of coal from off-balance-sheet reserves may be in the bench at any height, and the development of overburden are horizontal layers after blasting the entire height of the ledge, and the layer including the rip seam of coal with off-balance-sheet reserves, skip loading in the vehicle through the device for separating rocks from coal, the upper and lower boundary of this layer adopt a mixture of rocks and coal in the ratio of 85-90% of the breed and 10-15% of coal. Entered in the formula as a major characteristic as that seam of coal with off-balance-sheet reserves can find the change in the bench at any height, extracts of this layer without changing the order of conducting surface mining. Another significant feature that the development of overburden are horizontal layers, allows you to select the layer containing the layer of coal from off-balance-sheet reserves. A significant sign that the development of overburden are after blasting the entire height of the ledge, allows drilling to the full height of the ledge (perebiraniem layer with off-balance-sheet reserves), and when the explosion to produce loosening of the rock and coal. A significant sign that the layer including the rip seam of coal with off-balance-sheet reserves, skip loading in the vehicle through the device for separating rocks from coal fines, allows to separate the rock from the coal and immerse them in a different vehicle. The next significant feature that the upper and lower boundaries of the layer are taking a mixture of rocks and coal in the ratio of 85-90% of the breed and 10-15% of the coal provides minimal loss of coal during the extraction. The essence of the method is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows the plot of surface mining in the extraction process off-balance-sheet reserves, figure 2 - section a-a in figure 1. Conventions on the drawings: 1 - coal mine;2 - coal seams; 3 - seam coal from off-balance-sheet reserves; 4 - excavator; 5 - dump trucks for the breed; 6 - device for separating rocks from coal; 7 - dump trucks for coal. The method is as follows. On coal Deposit 1, presents a retinue polegada layers 2, a reservoir 3, with stocks related to off-balance sheet, for example, due to the small capacity of the reservoir. Such layers usually are extracted together with rock overburden and can cause burning of the waste dumps. Mining is conducted at the height of the ledge from the top soil layer up to the roof of the lower reservoir. This layer 3 is in the middle of the ledge. When conducting blasting wells are drilled to the full height of the ledge with perebiraniem layer 3. During blasting is the loosening of the rock mass and layer 3. Then, using, for example, extraction technology overburden horizontal layers [2], ship rock with the help of an excavator 4 trucks 5. So work out the layers I and II. The upper boundary of layer III determine when to breed appears fine coal in a quantity equal to 10-15%. In the same way define the lower boundary of this layer. When the notch layer III a mixture of rock and coal is passed through the device 6 for separating rocks from coal fines. In the device 6 are longitudinal rods is rugley form with the distances between the rods, equal to the maximum size of the coal pieces. The detached pieces of rock fall into the trucks 5, and the coal is loaded into dump trucks 7, which is transported to the beneficiation plant. Subsequent layers IV and V are practiced loading rocks into dump trucks 5. Of this technology is working with other blown blocks. Advantages of the proposed method are: - additional excavation off-balance-sheet reserves with minimal losses; - there is no need to divide the ledges on pedoscope. Sources of information 1. RF patent №2455488, CL E21C 41/00, 2012 2. Vfrainbow, Aearation, Avitronics. Practices of excavation works using hydraulic excavators. - Kemerovo: Publishing house of Kuzbassvuzizdat, p.46. The method of extraction of off-balance-sheet reserves in the development of coal seams, including the development of open mountain works Suite polegada strata containing the reservoir of coal from off-balance-sheet reserves, characterized in that the layer of carbon can be in the bench at any height, and the development of overburden are horizontal layers after blasting the entire height of the ledge, and the layer including the rip seam of coal with off-balance-sheet reserves, skip loading in the vehicle through the device for separating rocks from the corner of the Noah stuff, thus for the upper and lower boundary of this layer are taking a mixture of rocks and coal in the ratio of 85-90% of the breed and 10-15% of coal.
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