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IPC classes for russian patent Method for open extraction of sloping and steep-dipping deposits (RU 2253015):
Another patents in same IPC classes:
 Method for open extraction of mineral resources deposits / 2249698
Method includes extracting quarry to planned depth by ore and rocks extraction by displacement of shelves along horizons with transferring to crushing plants, crushing rocks and then delivering them by lifting device to the surface, during extraction of quarry to planned depth at first stage during construction of board at the end of quarry in zone of decrease of power of deposit in stable rocks conveyer rope system is constructed, connected to hoisting machine, to bed with recesses, allowing to raise crushed material to large height at steep angle and with deepening of mining and displacement of crushers to lower horizons conveyer system is extended to provide for optimal transport shoulder for gathering vehicles.
 Method for open extraction of mineral resources deposits / 2249697
Method includes extraction of quarry to planned depth with use of quarry ore chutes with accumulating bunkers, cutting ore chutes with deepening of mining in quarry, crushing ore blocks and pieces from face from bunker walls by explosives, loading ore to railway vehicles, cutting and shutting upper portion of ore chutes at each level when mining approaches there is performed by division on beds and semi-shelves with charges in wells, providing for crushing of rock to needed dimensions and safety of mine walls, and further decrease of pieces size and increasing efficiency of ore chute operation by excluding ore suspension is achieved by use of crushing assembly in form of bowl with plate at base, working as anvil under layer of rock, from where ore mass is self-propelled to bunker, and from there by feeder is sent to crusher and further through intermediate conveyer to main conveyer.
 Method for building non-working quarry edge / 2246621
Method includes cutting steps with varying angles. Angles of double step slopes, different on basis of quarry depth, are formed with consideration of decrease of irregularity parameters with deposit depth, with natural block level of upper horizons and influence from mass explosions and wind erosion of rocks with gradual increase of their steepness until forming of vertical slopes of double steps during additional operations in quarry, while angles of slopes and edge portions on upper horizons in highly fractured rocks may be 50-55°, in rocks of average and non-specific fracture levels - 70-60° and in low-fractured rocks may be 80-85°, and edge portions 60-90 m high in deep portion of quarry with vertical double steps and preventive berms 10 m have slant angle 80-85°.
 Method for open extraction of steep-falling deposits with internal dump-forming / 2246620
Method includes dividing quarry on rows, of which first one is extracted to planned depth with external dump-forming, and extraction of following rows is performed with use of internal dump-forming, placing dug rocks to extracted space of adjacent row with common displacement of dump front with development of mining operations. Second and following rows of quarry are divided on basis of height on extraction levels, extraction of uppermost level is performed with placement of dug rocks in upper dump level of extracted space of adjacent row, using surface transporting communication lines, and during extraction of second extractive level dumping of dump level of inner dump is primarily performed by forming pioneer dump at longitudinal processed edge of quarry, on upper area of which transporting lines are placed and dumping of dump level is performed from there, with descent of mining operations in working area of extractive level profile of upper dump area is altered to provided necessary cargo communications of working horizons of extractive level to dump level, after extraction of extractive level remaining pioneer dump is dug to upper mark of following extractive level, and extraction of following extractive levels is performed analogically, using reformed upper area of pioneer dump.
 Method for rock-blasting at open-pit mining / 2244252
Large-diameter single holes are replaced by a pair of divergent holes of a smaller diameter, in which one hole is always vertical, and the other one is inclined towards the bench; the single holes of the larger diameter are replaced with a pair of divergent bundles of parallel converged holes, in which one bundle is vertical, and the other is inclined towards the bench; the single holes of the larger diameter are replaced with a pair of divergent holes of a smaller diameter, in which one hole is vertical, and the other is inclined towards the bench and positioned in the vertical plane parallel with the first one and distant from it by 1-2 hole diameters; the single holes of the larger diameter are replaced by a pair of divergent bundles of parallel converging holes, in which one bundle is vertical, and the other is inclined towards the bench and positioned in the vertical plane parallel with the first one and distant from it by 1-2 hole diameters.
Method for rock-blasting at open-pit mining / 2244252
Large-diameter single holes are replaced by a pair of divergent holes of a smaller diameter, in which one hole is always vertical, and the other one is inclined towards the bench; the single holes of the larger diameter are replaced with a pair of divergent bundles of parallel converged holes, in which one bundle is vertical, and the other is inclined towards the bench; the single holes of the larger diameter are replaced with a pair of divergent holes of a smaller diameter, in which one hole is vertical, and the other is inclined towards the bench and positioned in the vertical plane parallel with the first one and distant from it by 1-2 hole diameters; the single holes of the larger diameter are replaced by a pair of divergent bundles of parallel converging holes, in which one bundle is vertical, and the other is inclined towards the bench and positioned in the vertical plane parallel with the first one and distant from it by 1-2 hole diameters.
Method for open extraction of steep-falling deposits with internal dump-forming / 2246620
Method includes dividing quarry on rows, of which first one is extracted to planned depth with external dump-forming, and extraction of following rows is performed with use of internal dump-forming, placing dug rocks to extracted space of adjacent row with common displacement of dump front with development of mining operations. Second and following rows of quarry are divided on basis of height on extraction levels, extraction of uppermost level is performed with placement of dug rocks in upper dump level of extracted space of adjacent row, using surface transporting communication lines, and during extraction of second extractive level dumping of dump level of inner dump is primarily performed by forming pioneer dump at longitudinal processed edge of quarry, on upper area of which transporting lines are placed and dumping of dump level is performed from there, with descent of mining operations in working area of extractive level profile of upper dump area is altered to provided necessary cargo communications of working horizons of extractive level to dump level, after extraction of extractive level remaining pioneer dump is dug to upper mark of following extractive level, and extraction of following extractive levels is performed analogically, using reformed upper area of pioneer dump.
Method for building non-working quarry edge / 2246621
Method includes cutting steps with varying angles. Angles of double step slopes, different on basis of quarry depth, are formed with consideration of decrease of irregularity parameters with deposit depth, with natural block level of upper horizons and influence from mass explosions and wind erosion of rocks with gradual increase of their steepness until forming of vertical slopes of double steps during additional operations in quarry, while angles of slopes and edge portions on upper horizons in highly fractured rocks may be 50-55°, in rocks of average and non-specific fracture levels - 70-60° and in low-fractured rocks may be 80-85°, and edge portions 60-90 m high in deep portion of quarry with vertical double steps and preventive berms 10 m have slant angle 80-85°.
Method for open extraction of mineral resources deposits / 2249697
Method includes extraction of quarry to planned depth with use of quarry ore chutes with accumulating bunkers, cutting ore chutes with deepening of mining in quarry, crushing ore blocks and pieces from face from bunker walls by explosives, loading ore to railway vehicles, cutting and shutting upper portion of ore chutes at each level when mining approaches there is performed by division on beds and semi-shelves with charges in wells, providing for crushing of rock to needed dimensions and safety of mine walls, and further decrease of pieces size and increasing efficiency of ore chute operation by excluding ore suspension is achieved by use of crushing assembly in form of bowl with plate at base, working as anvil under layer of rock, from where ore mass is self-propelled to bunker, and from there by feeder is sent to crusher and further through intermediate conveyer to main conveyer.
Method for open extraction of mineral resources deposits / 2249698
Method includes extracting quarry to planned depth by ore and rocks extraction by displacement of shelves along horizons with transferring to crushing plants, crushing rocks and then delivering them by lifting device to the surface, during extraction of quarry to planned depth at first stage during construction of board at the end of quarry in zone of decrease of power of deposit in stable rocks conveyer rope system is constructed, connected to hoisting machine, to bed with recesses, allowing to raise crushed material to large height at steep angle and with deepening of mining and displacement of crushers to lower horizons conveyer system is extended to provide for optimal transport shoulder for gathering vehicles.
 Method for open extraction of sloping and steep-dipping deposits / 2253015
Method includes opening deposit of mineral resource along its length, extraction of opened rocks in shelves, forming on one of the portions of deposit of forward extracted space reaching planned bottom, moving rocks to external dumps and into extracted space, processing and transporting of mineral resource. Deposit extraction is performed in two directions - perpendicularly to length of deposit with deepening and along length to quarry bottom, while volume of extraction of mineral resource along length is increased and volume of extraction of resources perpendicularly to length is proportionally decreased.
 Method for open extraction of bed-like deposits / 2254476
Method includes serial extraction of drifts with placement of opened rocks of drifts in extracted space of previous drifts, continuous combined processes of softening, extraction and movement of rock to dump. Drifts are positioned along cut trench, extraction is performed by adjacent horizontal shavings of face area, rock of each drift is moved by throwing directly to extracted space and compacted in range by realization of kinetic energy of rock.
 Method for slanting of high benches on outline of open pit / 2255304
The method includes drilling of contour holes for formation of a screening peephole, buffer and breaking holes to a depth corresponding to the height of one working subbench with a redrill, the middle row of breaking holes is made with an incomplete drill, charging of the openings and their blasting, dispatch of the rock, after blasting first of outline openings, for formation of the screening peephole, and then of breaking holes and mucking of the rock, similar operations are performed on the underlying subbench of the lower high bench, at the development of the lower high bench, the development of the upper and lower benches is conducted by doubling of the working subbenches, at the development of the lower subbench of the upper high bench the outline openings are drilled to the whole height of the doubled bench, the buffer openings are drilled at a distance of 12 to 13 diameters of the charge from the outline openings and to a depth at least corresponding to the height of one working subbench with a redrill equal to 6-8 diameters of the charge, the first and last rows of the breaking holes are drilled with a redrill, equal to 4-5 diameters of the charge, and the incomplete drill of the middle row of the breaking holes makes up 7-8 diameters of the charge, after blasting of the buffer and breaking opening and mucking of the rock a crest is formed, from whose surface on the side of the slope outline and buffer openings are drilled, the first ones - to the height of doubled subbenches, and the second ones - to the height at least of one lower working subbench, then the breaking openings to the same height as in the above - and underlying subbenches and for production of a natural protective bank on the upper section of the lower high bench in the section of the berm the formed ridge is liquidated by drilling, charging and blasting of the openings of small diameter and depth.
 Method for open extraction of mineral resource deposits / 2256075
Method includes opening deposit at distance 150 meters from river and forming of natural filtering wall between river and trench, pumping of water from trench into river, extraction of mineral resource, revegetation of dumps, filling of trench with water, accomplishment of formed water body. Mineral resource is extracted from two serially opened trenches - auxiliary, revegetated as water body, and main, positioned at opposite side of river, and soil from opening of which is used for revegetation of auxiliary trench, while in main trench along whole board on the side of river right beyond mining operations inner dump is formed with width not less than 250 meters and with height at same level with earth surface, water from trenches is fed into river, and then into water body through intermediate collectors, while after forming of water body currents of soil waters between trenches and river are made balanced, balance level is estimated on basis of water levels in auxiliary trench and river.
 Method for open extraction of mineral resources deposits / 2256795
Method includes extraction of quarry to planned depth in stages with construction f boards with parameters, allowed from stability condition, shutting boards, finishing mineral resource massif. Building and shutting of temporary boards during extraction of steep layers of next level after change of order of extraction of opening and ore zones is started after construction and spacing in center of cut of well-like mine with vertical shelves, with parameters, which are provided for by minimal radiuses of rounded edges enough for movement of rock via spiral chutes to surface to outer dumps, with narrowing space towards bottom at level of opened level of deep portion of deposit with lesser total coefficient of opening of stage and finally board is constructed by steep vertical shelves in deep zone.
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FIELD: mining industry.
SUBSTANCE: method includes opening deposit of mineral resource along its length, extraction of opened rocks in shelves, forming on one of the portions of deposit of forward extracted space reaching planned bottom, moving rocks to external dumps and into extracted space, processing and transporting of mineral resource. Deposit extraction is performed in two directions - perpendicularly to length of deposit with deepening and along length to quarry bottom, while volume of extraction of mineral resource along length is increased and volume of extraction of resources perpendicularly to length is proportionally decreased.
EFFECT: higher efficiency.
2 cl, 3 dwg
The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used when the outdoor design of sloping and steep deposits elongated shape.
The known method of surface mining of steeply dipping deposits (SU 1812312, 30.04.93, bull.№16), including the opening of the mineral deposits from the hanging or lying flank deposits, the initial direction to the opposite side deposits, placement of the internal stockpile overburden rocks at the bottom of the goaf block formed at an angle to the horizon, the smaller the angle of repose of overburden, formation of temporary technological space, fill in the overburden adjacent blocks, are working towards revealing the development of the simultaneous deepening of mining operations at an angle to the horizon, the smaller the angle of repose of overburden, the repetition of the above sequence, the improvement of blocks to the end of the pit.
The disadvantage of this method is the large additional amount of moving overburden arising from the condition of formation of the quarry bottom at an angle less than the angle of repose of overburden, to accommodate the inner blade, and, as a consequence, a reduction in the efficiency of field development. p> There is a method of opening and development of working quarries elongated shape, including access ramps from the flanks career fields along its middle line on the pillars and the creation of an internal dumps, developing career sections career fields to the design cross-section, the development along with career fields alternating between conservation and re-entry of the boards and moving tracks of congresses, followed by the tracks on the surface of the inner dumps without separation of the side walls for holding congresses (SU 941580, CL E 21 41/26, 07.07.1982).
The disadvantage of this method is limited in depth (up to 180-250 m) effective application of the method, which does not allow a rational use of the advantages of opencast when their occurrence at a greater depth. Another drawback of this method is the increase of mining operations by increasing the depth of development that determines the cost is mined.
There is also known a method of surface mining of steeply dipping deposits of minerals that is closest to the technical nature of the claimed solution adopted for the prototype (SU 1761954, 15.09.92, bull.№34), including the development of horizons career areas to the design of the bottom, the formation of advanced goaf up about knogo bottom, the stockpiling downhill side ahead out space along the boundary with the adjacent parcel to the horizon mining, the formation of congresses on the rocks of the blade and their connection with land-rent, subsequent testing of the underlying horizon.
The disadvantage of this method is not sufficiently high efficiency of field development due to the fact that the assumption of sequential testing of underlying aquifer after testing the overlying horizon restricts mining career opportunities, in particular the productivity of the pit.
The present invention is to increase the efficiency of field development.
The problem is solved in that in the method of the open design of sloping and steep deposits, including the development of the mineral from its strike, the development of overburden ledges, forming on one of the sites in the field of advanced goaf to the design of the bottom, moving rocks in external dumps and mined-out space, refinement and transportation of minerals, the development of the field takes place simultaneously in two directions - in the cross stretch with uglobal (with reduction of mining operations) and along strike to the bottom of the quarry, while increasing on Yam extraction of mineral resources along strike and proportionately reduce the amount of production minerals in cross stretch.
On the outside of the pit to form a combined horizontal and (or) sloping berm with adjunction to the desktop Board related site and continued on outside boards related site.
Distinctive features of the prototype features are:
- implementation of field development simultaneously in two directions - in the cross stretch with oglebay and along strike to the bottom of the quarry, which allows for more complete development of the field in depth, to increase the total volume of extraction of minerals per unit of time;
- capacity as field development, and production of mineral resources along strike and proportionate to the decline of mining in the cross stretch, which makes it possible, without reducing the total volume of mining, to reduce the cost of field development by reducing the costs of transporting overburden;
- formation on the outside of the pit combined horizontal and (or) sloping berms with adjunction to the desktop Board related site and continued on outside boards adjacent plot moves overburden adjacent parcel created in the mined-out area, which reduces the travel distance of overburden in the inner blade and increases the receiving ability, the institutional capacity of the inner blade.
The invention is illustrated in the drawings, figure 1 is a-3. Figure 1 shows the location of mining operations after creating out space on one of the plots in figure 2 - position of the openings when the Deposit is mined in figure 3 - section a-a in figure 1.
The method is as follows. Initially, the field represented by the obtained mineral steep or inclined occurrence of an elongated shape, is conventionally divided into areas 1 and 2 and open these areas of open workings, such as a trench along the strike of the Deposit by hanging or lying flank deposits. Overburden at this move in the external dump. The trench may be performed as end-to-end on both plots, and the abandonment of sight between the stations. On one of the sections, for example, at site 2, located on the flank of the field, create cutting-edge, in relation to section 1, stope to the design of the bottom. The development of overburden with moving them to the external blade carried out within the boundaries of the entire parcel 2 to forestall production of minerals compared to site 1. To move overburden and haulage of mined mineral aboard career form a spiral, loop, skimovie or other traces (not shown in the drawings), SEL is R which is determined by the conditions of occurrence of the field, his power, timing of development of the reserves and other factors determined by the results of the feasibility study. In the process of creating advanced goaf to the bottom of the quarry on his non-working boards 3 form a combined (transport safety) horizontal and (or) sloping berm 4 adjunction to the desktop Board adjacent parcel 1 and continuing on the outside of the sides adjacent plot to move overburden adjacent parcel created in a goaf. Transport safety berm is formed with a view to ensuring the sustainability of the pit and safety of mining operations in the process of its creation.
Field development phase 1 takes place simultaneously in two directions - in the cross stretch with depth and along strike to the bottom of the quarry, and as mine increased volumes mined and mined-out space to accommodate Stripping along strike and proportionately reduce the volume of production in cross stretch. After podvigina the pit along strike of the Deposit are dumping rocks into the inner blade 5 initially with a non-working Board section 1, and then from the inner slopes of the blade.
The proposed method is an open-R is trabocchi sloping and steep deposits improves the efficiency of the extraction of mineral deposits due to more complete mine depth and the increase in the total volume extraction of minerals per unit of time while reducing the cost of transporting overburden.
1. The way the open design of sloping and steep deposits, including the development of the mineral from its strike, the development of overburden ledges, forming on one of the sites in the field of advanced goaf to the design of the bottom, moving rocks in external dumps and mined-out space, refinement and transportation of minerals, characterized in that the development of the field takes place simultaneously in two directions - in the cross stretch with oglebay and along strike to the bottom of the quarry, thus increasing the volume of extraction of mineral resources along strike and proportionately reduce the amount of mining in the cross stretch.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that on the outside of the pit to form a combined horizontal and (or) sloping berm with adjunction to the desktop Board related site and their continuation on the outside of the flanges of adjacent land.
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