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IPC classes for russian patent Method for open extraction of mineral resources deposits (RU 2256795):
Another patents in same IPC classes:
 Method for open extraction of mineral resource deposits / 2256075
Method includes opening deposit at distance 150 meters from river and forming of natural filtering wall between river and trench, pumping of water from trench into river, extraction of mineral resource, revegetation of dumps, filling of trench with water, accomplishment of formed water body. Mineral resource is extracted from two serially opened trenches - auxiliary, revegetated as water body, and main, positioned at opposite side of river, and soil from opening of which is used for revegetation of auxiliary trench, while in main trench along whole board on the side of river right beyond mining operations inner dump is formed with width not less than 250 meters and with height at same level with earth surface, water from trenches is fed into river, and then into water body through intermediate collectors, while after forming of water body currents of soil waters between trenches and river are made balanced, balance level is estimated on basis of water levels in auxiliary trench and river.
 Method for slanting of high benches on outline of open pit / 2255304
The method includes drilling of contour holes for formation of a screening peephole, buffer and breaking holes to a depth corresponding to the height of one working subbench with a redrill, the middle row of breaking holes is made with an incomplete drill, charging of the openings and their blasting, dispatch of the rock, after blasting first of outline openings, for formation of the screening peephole, and then of breaking holes and mucking of the rock, similar operations are performed on the underlying subbench of the lower high bench, at the development of the lower high bench, the development of the upper and lower benches is conducted by doubling of the working subbenches, at the development of the lower subbench of the upper high bench the outline openings are drilled to the whole height of the doubled bench, the buffer openings are drilled at a distance of 12 to 13 diameters of the charge from the outline openings and to a depth at least corresponding to the height of one working subbench with a redrill equal to 6-8 diameters of the charge, the first and last rows of the breaking holes are drilled with a redrill, equal to 4-5 diameters of the charge, and the incomplete drill of the middle row of the breaking holes makes up 7-8 diameters of the charge, after blasting of the buffer and breaking opening and mucking of the rock a crest is formed, from whose surface on the side of the slope outline and buffer openings are drilled, the first ones - to the height of doubled subbenches, and the second ones - to the height at least of one lower working subbench, then the breaking openings to the same height as in the above - and underlying subbenches and for production of a natural protective bank on the upper section of the lower high bench in the section of the berm the formed ridge is liquidated by drilling, charging and blasting of the openings of small diameter and depth.
 Method for open extraction of bed-like deposits / 2254476
Method includes serial extraction of drifts with placement of opened rocks of drifts in extracted space of previous drifts, continuous combined processes of softening, extraction and movement of rock to dump. Drifts are positioned along cut trench, extraction is performed by adjacent horizontal shavings of face area, rock of each drift is moved by throwing directly to extracted space and compacted in range by realization of kinetic energy of rock.
 Method for open extraction of sloping and steep-dipping deposits / 2253015
Method includes opening deposit of mineral resource along its length, extraction of opened rocks in shelves, forming on one of the portions of deposit of forward extracted space reaching planned bottom, moving rocks to external dumps and into extracted space, processing and transporting of mineral resource. Deposit extraction is performed in two directions - perpendicularly to length of deposit with deepening and along length to quarry bottom, while volume of extraction of mineral resource along length is increased and volume of extraction of resources perpendicularly to length is proportionally decreased.
 Method for open extraction of mineral resources deposits / 2249698
Method includes extracting quarry to planned depth by ore and rocks extraction by displacement of shelves along horizons with transferring to crushing plants, crushing rocks and then delivering them by lifting device to the surface, during extraction of quarry to planned depth at first stage during construction of board at the end of quarry in zone of decrease of power of deposit in stable rocks conveyer rope system is constructed, connected to hoisting machine, to bed with recesses, allowing to raise crushed material to large height at steep angle and with deepening of mining and displacement of crushers to lower horizons conveyer system is extended to provide for optimal transport shoulder for gathering vehicles.
 Method for open extraction of mineral resources deposits / 2249697
Method includes extraction of quarry to planned depth with use of quarry ore chutes with accumulating bunkers, cutting ore chutes with deepening of mining in quarry, crushing ore blocks and pieces from face from bunker walls by explosives, loading ore to railway vehicles, cutting and shutting upper portion of ore chutes at each level when mining approaches there is performed by division on beds and semi-shelves with charges in wells, providing for crushing of rock to needed dimensions and safety of mine walls, and further decrease of pieces size and increasing efficiency of ore chute operation by excluding ore suspension is achieved by use of crushing assembly in form of bowl with plate at base, working as anvil under layer of rock, from where ore mass is self-propelled to bunker, and from there by feeder is sent to crusher and further through intermediate conveyer to main conveyer.
 Method for building non-working quarry edge / 2246621
Method includes cutting steps with varying angles. Angles of double step slopes, different on basis of quarry depth, are formed with consideration of decrease of irregularity parameters with deposit depth, with natural block level of upper horizons and influence from mass explosions and wind erosion of rocks with gradual increase of their steepness until forming of vertical slopes of double steps during additional operations in quarry, while angles of slopes and edge portions on upper horizons in highly fractured rocks may be 50-55°, in rocks of average and non-specific fracture levels - 70-60° and in low-fractured rocks may be 80-85°, and edge portions 60-90 m high in deep portion of quarry with vertical double steps and preventive berms 10 m have slant angle 80-85°.
 Method for open extraction of steep-falling deposits with internal dump-forming / 2246620
Method includes dividing quarry on rows, of which first one is extracted to planned depth with external dump-forming, and extraction of following rows is performed with use of internal dump-forming, placing dug rocks to extracted space of adjacent row with common displacement of dump front with development of mining operations. Second and following rows of quarry are divided on basis of height on extraction levels, extraction of uppermost level is performed with placement of dug rocks in upper dump level of extracted space of adjacent row, using surface transporting communication lines, and during extraction of second extractive level dumping of dump level of inner dump is primarily performed by forming pioneer dump at longitudinal processed edge of quarry, on upper area of which transporting lines are placed and dumping of dump level is performed from there, with descent of mining operations in working area of extractive level profile of upper dump area is altered to provided necessary cargo communications of working horizons of extractive level to dump level, after extraction of extractive level remaining pioneer dump is dug to upper mark of following extractive level, and extraction of following extractive levels is performed analogically, using reformed upper area of pioneer dump.
 Method for rock-blasting at open-pit mining / 2244252
Large-diameter single holes are replaced by a pair of divergent holes of a smaller diameter, in which one hole is always vertical, and the other one is inclined towards the bench; the single holes of the larger diameter are replaced with a pair of divergent bundles of parallel converged holes, in which one bundle is vertical, and the other is inclined towards the bench; the single holes of the larger diameter are replaced with a pair of divergent holes of a smaller diameter, in which one hole is vertical, and the other is inclined towards the bench and positioned in the vertical plane parallel with the first one and distant from it by 1-2 hole diameters; the single holes of the larger diameter are replaced by a pair of divergent bundles of parallel converging holes, in which one bundle is vertical, and the other is inclined towards the bench and positioned in the vertical plane parallel with the first one and distant from it by 1-2 hole diameters.
Method for rock-blasting at open-pit mining / 2244252
Large-diameter single holes are replaced by a pair of divergent holes of a smaller diameter, in which one hole is always vertical, and the other one is inclined towards the bench; the single holes of the larger diameter are replaced with a pair of divergent bundles of parallel converged holes, in which one bundle is vertical, and the other is inclined towards the bench; the single holes of the larger diameter are replaced with a pair of divergent holes of a smaller diameter, in which one hole is vertical, and the other is inclined towards the bench and positioned in the vertical plane parallel with the first one and distant from it by 1-2 hole diameters; the single holes of the larger diameter are replaced by a pair of divergent bundles of parallel converging holes, in which one bundle is vertical, and the other is inclined towards the bench and positioned in the vertical plane parallel with the first one and distant from it by 1-2 hole diameters.
Method for open extraction of steep-falling deposits with internal dump-forming / 2246620
Method includes dividing quarry on rows, of which first one is extracted to planned depth with external dump-forming, and extraction of following rows is performed with use of internal dump-forming, placing dug rocks to extracted space of adjacent row with common displacement of dump front with development of mining operations. Second and following rows of quarry are divided on basis of height on extraction levels, extraction of uppermost level is performed with placement of dug rocks in upper dump level of extracted space of adjacent row, using surface transporting communication lines, and during extraction of second extractive level dumping of dump level of inner dump is primarily performed by forming pioneer dump at longitudinal processed edge of quarry, on upper area of which transporting lines are placed and dumping of dump level is performed from there, with descent of mining operations in working area of extractive level profile of upper dump area is altered to provided necessary cargo communications of working horizons of extractive level to dump level, after extraction of extractive level remaining pioneer dump is dug to upper mark of following extractive level, and extraction of following extractive levels is performed analogically, using reformed upper area of pioneer dump.
Method for building non-working quarry edge / 2246621
Method includes cutting steps with varying angles. Angles of double step slopes, different on basis of quarry depth, are formed with consideration of decrease of irregularity parameters with deposit depth, with natural block level of upper horizons and influence from mass explosions and wind erosion of rocks with gradual increase of their steepness until forming of vertical slopes of double steps during additional operations in quarry, while angles of slopes and edge portions on upper horizons in highly fractured rocks may be 50-55°, in rocks of average and non-specific fracture levels - 70-60° and in low-fractured rocks may be 80-85°, and edge portions 60-90 m high in deep portion of quarry with vertical double steps and preventive berms 10 m have slant angle 80-85°.
Method for open extraction of mineral resources deposits / 2249697
Method includes extraction of quarry to planned depth with use of quarry ore chutes with accumulating bunkers, cutting ore chutes with deepening of mining in quarry, crushing ore blocks and pieces from face from bunker walls by explosives, loading ore to railway vehicles, cutting and shutting upper portion of ore chutes at each level when mining approaches there is performed by division on beds and semi-shelves with charges in wells, providing for crushing of rock to needed dimensions and safety of mine walls, and further decrease of pieces size and increasing efficiency of ore chute operation by excluding ore suspension is achieved by use of crushing assembly in form of bowl with plate at base, working as anvil under layer of rock, from where ore mass is self-propelled to bunker, and from there by feeder is sent to crusher and further through intermediate conveyer to main conveyer.
Method for open extraction of mineral resources deposits / 2249698
Method includes extracting quarry to planned depth by ore and rocks extraction by displacement of shelves along horizons with transferring to crushing plants, crushing rocks and then delivering them by lifting device to the surface, during extraction of quarry to planned depth at first stage during construction of board at the end of quarry in zone of decrease of power of deposit in stable rocks conveyer rope system is constructed, connected to hoisting machine, to bed with recesses, allowing to raise crushed material to large height at steep angle and with deepening of mining and displacement of crushers to lower horizons conveyer system is extended to provide for optimal transport shoulder for gathering vehicles.
Method for open extraction of sloping and steep-dipping deposits / 2253015
Method includes opening deposit of mineral resource along its length, extraction of opened rocks in shelves, forming on one of the portions of deposit of forward extracted space reaching planned bottom, moving rocks to external dumps and into extracted space, processing and transporting of mineral resource. Deposit extraction is performed in two directions - perpendicularly to length of deposit with deepening and along length to quarry bottom, while volume of extraction of mineral resource along length is increased and volume of extraction of resources perpendicularly to length is proportionally decreased.
Method for open extraction of bed-like deposits / 2254476
Method includes serial extraction of drifts with placement of opened rocks of drifts in extracted space of previous drifts, continuous combined processes of softening, extraction and movement of rock to dump. Drifts are positioned along cut trench, extraction is performed by adjacent horizontal shavings of face area, rock of each drift is moved by throwing directly to extracted space and compacted in range by realization of kinetic energy of rock.
Method for slanting of high benches on outline of open pit / 2255304
The method includes drilling of contour holes for formation of a screening peephole, buffer and breaking holes to a depth corresponding to the height of one working subbench with a redrill, the middle row of breaking holes is made with an incomplete drill, charging of the openings and their blasting, dispatch of the rock, after blasting first of outline openings, for formation of the screening peephole, and then of breaking holes and mucking of the rock, similar operations are performed on the underlying subbench of the lower high bench, at the development of the lower high bench, the development of the upper and lower benches is conducted by doubling of the working subbenches, at the development of the lower subbench of the upper high bench the outline openings are drilled to the whole height of the doubled bench, the buffer openings are drilled at a distance of 12 to 13 diameters of the charge from the outline openings and to a depth at least corresponding to the height of one working subbench with a redrill equal to 6-8 diameters of the charge, the first and last rows of the breaking holes are drilled with a redrill, equal to 4-5 diameters of the charge, and the incomplete drill of the middle row of the breaking holes makes up 7-8 diameters of the charge, after blasting of the buffer and breaking opening and mucking of the rock a crest is formed, from whose surface on the side of the slope outline and buffer openings are drilled, the first ones - to the height of doubled subbenches, and the second ones - to the height at least of one lower working subbench, then the breaking openings to the same height as in the above - and underlying subbenches and for production of a natural protective bank on the upper section of the lower high bench in the section of the berm the formed ridge is liquidated by drilling, charging and blasting of the openings of small diameter and depth.
Method for open extraction of mineral resource deposits / 2256075
Method includes opening deposit at distance 150 meters from river and forming of natural filtering wall between river and trench, pumping of water from trench into river, extraction of mineral resource, revegetation of dumps, filling of trench with water, accomplishment of formed water body. Mineral resource is extracted from two serially opened trenches - auxiliary, revegetated as water body, and main, positioned at opposite side of river, and soil from opening of which is used for revegetation of auxiliary trench, while in main trench along whole board on the side of river right beyond mining operations inner dump is formed with width not less than 250 meters and with height at same level with earth surface, water from trenches is fed into river, and then into water body through intermediate collectors, while after forming of water body currents of soil waters between trenches and river are made balanced, balance level is estimated on basis of water levels in auxiliary trench and river.
 Method for open extraction of mineral resources deposits / 2256795
Method includes extraction of quarry to planned depth in stages with construction f boards with parameters, allowed from stability condition, shutting boards, finishing mineral resource massif. Building and shutting of temporary boards during extraction of steep layers of next level after change of order of extraction of opening and ore zones is started after construction and spacing in center of cut of well-like mine with vertical shelves, with parameters, which are provided for by minimal radiuses of rounded edges enough for movement of rock via spiral chutes to surface to outer dumps, with narrowing space towards bottom at level of opened level of deep portion of deposit with lesser total coefficient of opening of stage and finally board is constructed by steep vertical shelves in deep zone.
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FIELD: mining industry.
SUBSTANCE: method includes extraction of quarry to planned depth in stages with construction f boards with parameters, allowed from stability condition, shutting boards, finishing mineral resource massif. Building and shutting of temporary boards during extraction of steep layers of next level after change of order of extraction of opening and ore zones is started after construction and spacing in center of cut of well-like mine with vertical shelves, with parameters, which are provided for by minimal radiuses of rounded edges enough for movement of rock via spiral chutes to surface to outer dumps, with narrowing space towards bottom at level of opened level of deep portion of deposit with lesser total coefficient of opening of stage and finally board is constructed by steep vertical shelves in deep zone.
EFFECT: higher efficiency.
1 ex, 10 dwg
The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in open-develop deep and contiguous deposits of minerals and precious low ore phone
A known method of processing a career in the development steeply dipping ore bodies, which consists in pogorizontali extraction of overburden and minerals and the production of the boards in the final position under pridelines angle repayment [Pat no.2180041 E 21 41/26. Akshaev A.A. and others - Application No. 2000100403/03, Appl. 06.01.2000, publ. 27.02.2002. bull. No. 33].
The disadvantage of this method is the extraction of the increased volume of overburden in the main period of mining to create intermediate the bottom of the quarry and only when finalizing the remaining small stocks of ore at the bottom side frequent side development is conducted with minimal Stripping ratio at the reconstruction side ultra steep ledges under pridelines angle maturity.
A known method of processing a career in the development Nakanoshima ore body, which consists in pogorizontali podviganiya ledges as the overburden and ore in the application development system of poperechnymi the benches. This is achieved by reducing the current amount of overburden at the first stage of field development and the transfer of their recesses in the final period of work career [Arsentiev A.I., bond is ü A.P., Grachev FG.. development System cross-benches without cutting trenches. Leningrad: Nauka. - 1969. -165 C.].
The disadvantage of this method is that despite the relative reduction in the annual volume of overburden their value is significantly large at small angles the working side when doing uglubki as across, and a longitudinal section of the ore body, which dramatically increases the length of the sides and, therefore, includes podvigina a large number of ledges, especially in the first period of the crankcase prior to the marginal contour of the surface, after which the annual volume of overburden is reduced.
A known method of processing a career in the development steeply dipping ore body consisting of use in the formation of the working sides temporarily outside these areas (pillars), alternating with work areas in their spacing with the creation of graphics development stabilised performance career on the breed before the end of the field development [Linev CE, Rubinstein S. B., Golodnikov GA Regulation of the current Stripping ratio angle of inclination of the working pit // Mining journal. - 2001. No. 5. - S. 23-25].
The disadvantage of this method is that the regulation of Stripping works by using only a single transverse incision even average section does not preclude obtaining inaccurate results without analysis of the dynamics changed the career I space in a longitudinal section of the ore body, and increase performance career by Stripping in the initial period of its operation even for the purpose of stabilizing the performance of the breed is not the best solution in comparison with the established provisions that transfer for testing of overburden in the later period of work career improves its technical and economic indicators.
The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a method of mining mineral deposits, including quarry development to the design depth phases with offset sides with parameters that are valid for sustainability [Khokhryakov B.C. Open development of mineral deposits. M.: Nedra. - 1974. - 263 S.].
The disadvantage of this method is that used mining deposits with any angle of incidence of the ore bodies does not exclude the increase in the annual volume of overburden to a peak when reaching the working sides of the limiting boundaries of the quarry on the surface. Graphics development performance career years are triangular in nature, also uneven changes are graphs of current and operational factors Stripping by periods. And the offset flanges begins after working side with a slight slope to reach a settlement of boundaries, and it makes lower corners on the outside of the womb sides, since a delay is accounted for patterns of violations of the arrays and the upper ledges 15-25 years gradually destroyed by weathering and anthropogenic pressures, which increases the risk of developing reserves in deeper horizons.
The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the ore bodies at lower annual volumes of overburden and uniform distribution over periods of development and the justification of increasing the slope stability at the stages of refinement.
This objective is achieved in that in the method of opencast mining of ore bodies with different angle of incidence, as well as deep-lying contiguous deposits of minerals, including quarry development to the design depth with offset sides with parameters that are valid for stability, maturity boards, refining array of minerals when mining quarry to the design depth, the offset and reversal of temporary boards when developing steeply inclined layers of the next stage after the change of mining overburden and ore zones start after the offset and spacing in the center of the cut koltseobraznoj generation with a vertical ledges and with parameters that obespechivayutsya minimum radii of curvature sufficient to move the rocks along a spiral congresses on the surface in external dumps, with aushima space to the bottom level of breakable horizon deepest part of the reservoir with a lower overall Stripping ratio stage and in the final period of work build up Board high steep and vertical ledges in the deep zone.
Development of deposits at lower annual volumes of overburden and the coefficients of the Stripping is carried out by changing the order of testing of overburden and ore zones within the boundaries of a career in the delineation of priority volumes of mining overburden, and in later periods throughout the quarry, which at the beginning of the Stripping start in place uglubki career for opening the ore Deposit at the site and the detuning koltseobraznoj development tapering space to its bottom on the horizon opening bottom deposits (middle plot), offset vertical ledges and transport berms minimum width, which reduces the annual volumes of overburden and Stripping ratio for the period beginning testing of the upper deposits (middle plot), because the traditional ways of developing almost all of the Stripping career at this period had been already deleted. Creating grooves with supercruise slopes temporary boards under intensive management Stripping Pets with safety factor close to unity (Prof. doctah. Sciences Allelulia). Further increase in the component of the angle of inclination of the bead due to the small radii of curvature koltseobraznoj generate 30-35° and confirmed the creation of the slope of the plot of the boards 75-80° domestic and foreign careers (career diamond pipes).
Development of deposits offset and reversal of temporary boards on the site of the last stages is steeply inclined layers of steep to vertical lower ledges of the rising rock hardness with a decrease in fracture rocks and violations of arrays, and it allows the modification of the array under extreme angle maturity, because all the benches at almost the same time and got put in a limit position to the destination path.
As the novelty and difference of the proposed method of development of mineral deposits from the well-known should lead a cross-section of the field with characteristic sloping work boards (Fig) and featured graphics development performance career on the breed in the application development system with the cross-benches without cutting trenches [2] (Fig.9 1, 2 respectively on the project and proposed), and in [3]. according to analysis of the combined section with improved performance career in the first period of the development of the field (figure 10, 1, 2 respectively before and after use option).
The drawings show the sections of the Deposit and milestones and work with offset and reversal of temporary (intermediate) job boards when developing steeply inclined layers of the array with the schedule of the annual amounts of overburden is about periods.
Figure 1 - cross section; H1- depth of the pit is the first development phase 1 - working Board; 2 - side koltseobraznoj production; 3, 4 - temporary (interim) Board; 5 - the end wall of the open pit; 6 - fallow; α1that α2that αto- the angle of slope of the side koltseobraznoj develop a steeply inclined layers and end of the pit.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section.
Figure 3 - the development of mining activities in koltseobraznoj development at the opening of the next horizon; T - transport berm.
Figure 4, figure 5 - development works at the spacing of the boards koltseobraznoj production; - the width of the working platform.
6 - element side with koltseobraznyj berms and congresses in koltseobraznoj development.
Fig.7 is a diagram showing changes in performance career on the breed by period T.
Fig - cross-section of the field with characteristic sloping work boards (the traditional way).
Fig.9 is a graph development performance career on the breed [2] 1, 2 respectively on the project and proposed.
Figure 10 - graph development performance career on the breed [3] 1, 2, respectively before and after use option.
An example of specific performance
For field Niorkpahsky apatitonefelinovyh ores by JSC "Apatit", representing polegada and deep-seated ore bodies at angles of 10-20&x000B0; based on the feasibility analysis determined the maximum depth H career. In the example, it will be 240-260 m, in the highlands of 390-400 m
The quarry development to the design depth is carried out in three stages.
In the first stage of the career development 1 to the depth of the start of production Globocnik works at the construction site koltseobraznoj production is made in horizontal layers from top to bottom with overburden removal in external dumps.
In the second stage during the intensification of mining in the contours koltseobraznoj generation 2 optimal profile Board rebuilt with parameters that provide the values of cohesion and angle of internal friction of the rock mass to its steady state with a safety factor of stability of the three ring nC=1. Reasonable technical and technological parameters of the safety and transport of berms, respectively 10-12 and 20-30 m, the height of the ledges 15 and 30 m, the angles 60-75° and 90° deep-level dissection of the lower reservoir. The minimum parameters revealing koltseobraznoj production provided the minimum radii of curvature sufficient to move the rocks along a spiral congresses on the surface in external dumps, and on the lower horizons are used autosomes the Aly capacity of 30-40 tons
The third stage is the completion of the solid rock and mineral ore deposits are steeply inclined layers. Offset, and then the repayment of the interim Board of the next stage is podvigina ledges down on the amount of work sites with a width of 30-40 m This ensures the maintenance of a stable slope, close to the maximum in stability with a safety factor of three ring nC=to 1.0-1.1. Close to the same settings steeply inclined layers in height and work sites provide equal annual volumes of overburden and equal current odds Stripping for years of operation.
At the last stage Board career rebuilt under extreme angle maturity, reaching the lower section 70-75° when applying the vertical slope of the benches.
The application of the method development Nochajski career optioneering ores OJSC "Apatit" allows 1.5-2 times lower current ratios overburden and 25-30 million m3to reduce the amount of overburden due to the steeper sides than on the project.
The method of open pit mining of mineral deposits, including quarry development to the design depth phases with offset sides with parameters that are valid for stability, maturity boards, refining array of minerals, characterized in that staatsstrasse and reversal of temporary boards when developing steeply inclined layers the next step after changing the order of development of overburden and ore zones start after the offset and spacing in the center of the cut koltseobraznoj develop vertical ledges, with parameters that are provided with a minimum radius of curvature sufficient to move the rocks along a spiral congresses on the surface in external dumps, with tapering space to the bottom level of breakable horizon deepest part of the reservoir with a lower overall Stripping ratio stage and in the final period of work build up Board high steep and vertical ledges in a deep zone.
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