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Protective system for shoreline Invention relates to a protective system, in particular to the protective system intended for preservation and restoration of the shoreline. The protective system (1) comprises a gabion having opposite side walls (13, 15) interconnected at regular intervals along the length of the gabion by several separating walls (7, 9), and the gaps between neighbouring pairs of partition walls (7, 9) bound together with the side walls at least one separate compartment (7) of the gabion. At least one separate compartment of the gabion is bounded by respective opposite side walls or opposite parts of the side walls in the respective opposite side walls. The partition walls are hingedly connected to the side walls, and the separate compartment of the gabion extends from it outwardly with at least partial converging of panels of the open frame (21), forming in whole or in part the protruding compartment (5) of the gabion. The method of preservation or restoration the shoreline comprises the following steps, including creation of the above-mentioned protective system; at least partial filling at least one compartment with the filling material, preferably sand, stones and/or vegetation; at least partial filling the protruding compartment with oyster shells, and performing at least partial facing the shoreline with the protective system. |
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Method to lift and insert pile into piledriver grip jaw and device for its implementation Invention refers to machine building and can be used at pile works in pile driving and extracting machines. A device to lift and insert a pile into a piledriver grip jaw is characterised by the fact that it comprises a bracket attached to the lower part of a vibratory piledriver grip, a lever is mounted in the said bracket on an axis and is able of turning around the said axis in the direction towards the vibratory piledriver grip or backwards and its other end is fitted by a tip getting to be engaged with an engagement element at the pile head. The engagement element at the pile head is made as a guide fixed on the pile or as a mating element in the pile provided in it or made in the process of pile manufacturing. |
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Device to measure soil deformations Device to measure soil deformations comprises a hollow stand, a sensitive element, designed to accept shifting forces from soil displacement, and a recording device, comprising a measurement part, designed for measurement of the sensitive element position under action of shifting forces during soil displacement, and recording equipment connected with it and designed to convert variation of the sensitive element position under action of shifting forces to the value of soil displacement. At the same time the sensitive element is made in the form o a rod with a conical tip and is installed in the hollow stand, and is equipped with a fixator designed to hold the rod in the vertical position after submersion of the stand with the sensitive element in a well and installed on the rod as capable of its displacement along the rod and with the possibility of provision of free deviation of the rod from the initial position under action of shifting forces of the soil. The measurement part of the recording device represents a horizontal plate with measurement sensors installed on it for measurement of angles of rod inclination relative to the axis of the well, at the same time the horizontal plate of the recording device is fixed on the rod of the sensitive element above the fixator of the sensitive element. |
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Reinforcing element comprises toroid elements from car tyres, with soil filling, fixed to each other with the help of connecting elements made by cutting from a car tyre laid in contact with each other by treads. Each toroid element is made as a car tyre with a cut board, which is crossed by radial cut and is used as a connecting element. In the tread surface of the toroid element there is at least a pair of slots with length near width of the cut board with the possibility to enter the ends of the connecting element via them. A pair of slots is arranged in the plane parallel to the board of the toroid element, preferably in the area of the shoulder part of the toroid element. Toroid elements rest against the surface by shoulder parts so that slots of adjacent toroid elements face each other. Toroid elements are fixed to each other by means of stretching of ends of the connecting element via these slots. The radial slot of each connecting element is oriented to the centre of one of adjacent toroid elements. |
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Method of directed inertial vibroexcitation includes generation of resulting asymmetric vertically directed exciting force F, components Fi of which are simultaneously generated with the help of n elementary vibration exciters of directed action with multiple in the form of natural row of numbers from 1 to n, ratio of angular speeds ωi of rotation of shafts of i elementary vibration exciters to angular speed ω1 of the shaft of the first elementary vibration exciter and reduction of dimensions of static torques miri of masses mi of unbalances with eccentricities ri with increased angular speeds ωi. The mode of generation of components Fi of the exciting force F is carried out according to the law on the basis of dependence in the form of continuous symmetric or asymmetric function f(x), decomposition of which into Fourier row contains harmonics, which determine components Fi of the exciting force F, containing the initial phase and providing for the necessary specified coefficient ka of its asymmetry of exciting force as the ratio of dimensions of maximum modules of pressing exciting force Fa to lifting force Fl with acceptance quantity of n elementary vibration exciters. |
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Pile and method of its erection Pile comprises an outer shell from compacted soil layer with addition of a soil-strengthening additive and a pile body from solid material. The outer shell of the pile comprises a compacted layer of soil and a layer of compacted clayey soil with a soil-strengthening additive adjoining the pile body, made of a shell from low-grade fine-grained concrete and a central rod from high-grade coarse concrete reinforced by a metal frame. |
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Method and plant to erect element of trench wall Invention relates to construction, namely, to erection of a trench wall element in soil. The method for erection of a trench wall element in soil, according to which with the help of a sampling device by means of soil material excavation, a trench is arranged in soil, and hardening medium is introduced into the trench to form a trench wall element. Between the device for sampling and the bearing device there are at least two ropes, for each of which positions of at least two rope points spaced along the vertical line are varied, by means of a metering instrument through measurement of angles and distances, and measured positions of rope points are used to determine the position of the device for sampling of soil. |
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Foundation for structure of tower type Foundation for a pillar or a structure of tower type includes an upper shell in the form of a truncated cone that expands towards the base. In order to increase bearing capacity of the foundation, the upper shell is made on support lower shells connected in the upper part, which are made in the form of an inner cylindrical and outer shell in the form of a truncated cone, which expands towards the base, made with a ledge in the lower part below the inner cylindrical shell by 0.1 of the foundation diameter, and having an angle of inclination to the vertical line of the inner side, which is equal to the angle of the inner friction of the foundation soil. In the inner part of the shells there are materials in the form of soil and cement soil of different strength and under different angle. |
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Cooling device for depth temperature stabilisation of soils, foundations of buildings and structures Cooling device for depth temperature stabilisation of soils of foundations of buildings and structures comprises a tight tubular body with zones of evaporation, condensation and a transport zone between them, made as capable of filling with coolant. At the same time the body comprises a heat exchanger, which includes a pipe of the condensation zone body, a receiver made of a pipe of larger diameter than the diameter of the body, having a plug on top and tightly installed at the end of the pipe of the condensation zone body. The device also includes at least two hollow drainage tubes, the diameter of which is less than the diameter of the body pipe, made with external ribbing, arranged vertically around the pipe of the condenser zone of the body and connected by upper nozzles with a receiver, and by lower nozzles - with a cavity of the gap formed by inner walls of the coupling connecting the lower part of the pipe of the condenser zone of the body with the external support bushing welded to the upper section of the transport zone pipe. The device additionally comprises a receiving bushing made in the form of a section of a pipe of smaller diameter than the diameter of the body connected via an adapter with the lower end of the pipe of the condenser zone and placed partially in the upper part of the pipe of the transport zone of the body with a gap relative to its internal side surface. And the pipe of the body in the evaporation zone is made with alternating cross section and has at least one transition to a pipe of smaller diameter. |
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Erection of sealed chamber for pipeline repair Invention can be used in repair of oil pipelines laid in marshlands, overwetted or loose sands. In compliance with this process, repair chamber semi-cylinder bottom is fitted on pipeline from above and provided with arched cut-outs at ends and swing-out mechanism including two grippers arranged at bottom ends, each comprising two hinged gripping elements with rollers. Note here that said bottom is mounted with its arched cut-out directed downward. Then bottom swing-out mechanism is locked by pipeline grippers by making said rollers contact with its surface to turn the bottom through 180 degrees. Then, chamber box-like case with arched cut-outs is fitted in pipeline to align the latter with bottom cut-outs for case and bottom to be tightly coupled together. Now, clearances between pipeline and chamber are sealed at both arched cut-outs. |
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Device to drive stands and piles into ground Invention relates to construction, namely, to devices for driving of stands and piles into ground. The device to drive stands and piles into ground comprises a fixture body for connection with a basic machine, a structure connected to the fixture body by means of shock absorbers and comprising a vibrator assembly and pressing shoes, and for pressing of driven elements, besides, one pressing shoe is fixed, and the other one is rotary and pressing shoe, and pressing force of the specified shoe may be transferred to the driven element, for its retention in place between shoes also during its driving. The rotary and pressing shoe is equipped with one or several rotary cylinders, which may be arranged randomly along the height of the shoe, and rotary force (forces) of the rotary cylinder (cylinders) may be individually forwarded to gripping surfaces of the specified shoe with the help of cantilevers, such as the upper and lower shoe gripping surfaces. The device includes a structure, connecting the specified cantilevers, such as a pipe, which is located in direction of the line of the rotary axis of the shoe and which is installed for direction of the rotary force of all rotary cylinders to any shoe gripping surface or to all of them together with the shoe body. |
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Landslide protection structure of combined design In a landslide protection structure on the basis of a collapsed slope there is a bed of flexible mats, which are made of tight rows of light fascines laid normally to the line of slope inclination. On top of flexible mats there is a fixture of gabion mats with drainage devices made of light fascines and perforated pipes laid by alternating rows and wrapped into a gabion net. Flexible mats in the base and gabion mats on top of them are connected to each other by a galvanised metal wire with diameter of 2.5-3 mm. A drainage prism from rock filling is arranged along the foot of the collapsed slope. Above the slope fixture from flexible and gabion mats there is an additional fixture with low inclination from similar gabion mats with drainage devices. Gabion mats of slope and additional fixtures are tightly tied with the help of reinforcement wire and are fixed to reinforced concrete anchors arranged at a certain distance from each other in stable soil behind collapsed massif of the slope. |
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Proposed invention relates to road devices, namely, to hatches with a frame and a bolt, capable of flapping back relative to the frame for provision of closed position of the bolt in the frame. According to the invention, a self-retaining lever of the device has one of ends movably installed on the frame, and may slide in the slot of the guide so that the end of the support may rest against a fixed limiter of the frame during movement of the bolt into the position, in which the hole of the frame is closed to cause bolt reverse and allow for the latter to correctly close the hole of this frame. |
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Method to manufacture bored pile and device for its realisation Invention relates to construction and may be used for production of a bored pile. The method to produce bored piles in a well includes insertion of a shell into a well, supply of an explosive substance via the shell, connected to a source of electric current, supply of hardening material through the shell, closing of the shell hole. A fluid agent is supplied into the cavity of the shell formed by bend sections of the shell, afterwards they initiate ignition of the explosive substance. Then the hardening material is supplied into the well, after filling of the well with the hardening material the shell is moved reciprocally, and the hardening material is supplied into the well, afterwards the well is left until the hardening material hardens. |
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Prefabricated foundation for a column includes a shell, which expands towards a base. It comprises radial vertical or inclined wave elements connected to each other by assembly links, the elements may be facing the central axis of the foundation or outside. Elements are made with alternating radius along height, in the upper part with a smaller radius, and in the lower part - with a larger radius. |
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Support-bearing structure for transportable electric discharge laser Support-bearing structure for a transportable electric discharge laser comprises a foundation block and a bath. The foundation block is made in the form of a frame from pipes of rectangular cross section, with a board placed on it and rigidly fixed with it. Pipes in the frame are arranged in longitudinal and transverse directions, besides, pipes of one direction are arranged at the distance from each other and are rigidly connected to pipes of another direction. The bath is fixed on the frame, the board is tightly fixed above the bath filled with liquid dielectric, at the same time in the board there is a through hole arranged above the bath. |
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Leave-in-place flexible form for solid foundation Invention relates to the field of ground construction, namely, to construction of foundations of buildings and structures, in particular, to flexible leave-in-place forms for solid foundations. The leave-in-place flexible form for a solid foundation comprises a closed reservoir for concrete with a filler neck. The specified reservoir for concrete is made of a tight rubberised material and has dimensions and configuration in the working condition of being fully filled with concrete as corresponding in plan to dimensions and configuration of solid plane foundations for buildings and structures. The reservoir for concrete along the perimeter is equipped with an additional form - a shaper of the external side wall of the solid foundation, which is made of a rubberised material in the form of a tight reservoir, with the possibility of its filling with liquid until pouring of concrete into its reservoir via the filler neck installed on the additional form. The specified reservoir of the additional form has on the cross section in the working condition a closed curved shape with a flat vertical wall in the area of coupling with the inner surface of the reservoir for concrete, on the upper part of which there is an air nozzle with a tap, made as capable of supplying or removing air in process of concrete pouring. The form is attached to the support surface by fixing elements. |
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Method to manufacture bored piles and device for its realisation Invention relates to construction and may be used for production of bored piles. The method to manufacture a bored pile includes drilling or piercing of a well, lowering of a reinforcing cage in it, filling of the well with a hardening material and its compaction and ramming into soil. A cylinder is fixed to reinforcement rods and the upper reinforcement ring, in which the shell is installed, where a tore is installed, being filled with a fluid agent. In the shell there are cavities formed by bent sections of the shell. Ends of the shell are bent and tightly fixed along the perimeter of the tore. Inside the shell there is a striker with a tip. The system of feeding and draining is used to feed a fluid agent to one of the cavities and drain it from the other cavity. The shell starts rolling in the cylinder, at the same time the shell pushes the hardening material in longitudinal and radial directions and presses it into soil. The shell and the tore press the striker and move it down, at the same time the tip presses against the hardening material in longitudinal and radial directions. Compaction and ramming of the hardening material is carried out during reciprocal movement of the shell and the striker, as the hardening material is compacted, it is added, if necessary. After compaction of the hardening material the device is removed from the reinforcing cage, and the hardening material is added into the well until complete filling. |
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Method to strengthen slope with geocellular geosynthetic material Method to strengthen a slope with a geocellular geosynthetic material includes a layer of a geotextile material laid top down onto the prepared surface. At the same time above the geotextile material they install a geocellular geosynthetic material made of perforated geostrips, which is fixed by metal anchors on the slope surface. At the same time the inner space of the geocellular geosynthetic material along the entire height of the slope is filled with porous concrete with high filtration properties, and in the base the geocellular geosynthetic material is fixed with a concrete support. |
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Invention relates to the field of construction, namely, to fixation of open pit sides and retaining walls in soils of wide range of density and stability. A soil anchor includes a traction rod with a lock part of an anchor, which is located outside the border of soil sliding wedge in depth of the massif in the well filled with hardening mortar to the border of the soil sliding wedge with reinforcement of the mortar. The anchor lock is made from an accessory fixed to the end of the traction rod that aligns the traction in the well, with attachment of brackets fixed by bars between each other to the traction rod. Ends of brackets are fixed to the traction rod, and the bent part of brackets is brought to contact with well walls with alignment of traction rod position in the well. In the section of well filling with mortar the traction rod, brackets and rods that connect brackets are coated with a lubricant to insulate from mortar, for instance, with a hydrophobic compound - solid oil, bitumens, or are covered with craft paper impregnated with oils, at the same time excluding the cover adjoining the support structure of the bracket. |
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Device consists of a housing, the electric motor with a shaft, and the storage cylinder-borer. At that the electric motor with the shaft is mounted inside and along the vertical axis of the housing, made in the form of a triangular truss consisting of the upper and lower belts which are interconnected by racks having vertical grooves for guides mounted inside the truss perpendicular to the racks with the ability of vertical movement along them and connected to the housing of the electric motor, equipped with handles extending outside the housing. At that, the electric motor shaft is provided with a magnetostrictive oscillator and has at the end a telescopic rod for removable storage cylinder-borers selected depending on the type of soil. |
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Roller of impact action with adjustable impact force Roller of impact action with adjustable impact force includes a longitudinal axis of roller rotation with symmetry plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of rotation, and radial guide rods placed discretely and regularly in parallel planes, being rigidly fixed on the axial cylindrical element, besides, guide rods are placed inside impact elements and are equipped in the plane of guide rods with two cantilever ledges fixed on them with the possibility of temporary fixation of impact elements on them and free fall of impact elements down. At the same time the cantilever ledge is made as capable of changing its position on the guide rod, and the impact element is made as capable of changing its mass. |
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Roller of impact action includes inner and outer cylindrical surfaces, a longitudinal axis of roller rotation with an axial cylindrical element, with radial guide rods arranged to it as discretely and regularly placed in parallel planes and impact elements moving along guides, acting at the inner surface of the roller and further to the processed surface. Radial guide rods are equipped with cantilever ledges as capable of temporary fixation of impact elements on them and are placed inside impact elements, and fixation of each radial guide rod to the inner surface of the roller is made as capable of limited movement of the roller surface relative to the radial rod. |
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Protection of vent against unauthorised access Proposed method comprises digging the access trench for shaft consisting of top and bottom parts. Shaft is mounted at pipeline by welding its top and bottom parts to pipeline and joints are sealed. Equipment is mounted inside said shaft to be closed tightly by the cover equipped with lock and means to prevent sparking at erection and dismantling. Said trench is filled with easy-to-excavate soil to be coated with the main soil to conceal the shaft. |
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Invention relates to construction, namely to structures, providing fight with landslide events at the facilities of a gas transmission system and other facilities of a industrial infrastructure. A landslide protection work includes a protective wall built of gabions. It is equipped with a telemetry complex consisting of a data collection and transmission unit with an antenna, as well as a device for tracking of the gabion movement, which consists of a column divided into measurement modules, hinges and an anchor, performing the function of fixation of the device due to its installation into the rocks, not subject to landslide phenomena. |
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Fondedile pile with inclined local broadenings Fondedile pile with inclined local broadenings includes chisels, hoses, coupling sleeves and crown sleeves with cavities in drilling blades, in which locking elements are installed. A locking element in each cavity is designed in the form of a valve, consisting of a conical plunger with a return spring fixed inside the cavity, which is arranged at an angle of α1=45÷60° to the axis of the pile. A diameter of the outlet aperture of the cavity is 1.5-2 times smaller than the diameter of the inlet aperture. The upper edge of the drilling blade is made at an angle of α2=30÷45° to the perpendicular dropped to the axis of the pile, forming the upper cutting edge of the drilling blade. |
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Prefabricated foundation for a column or a wall includes an outer shell located in the ground, faced by its broadening part to the base. In this case, the foundation in the lower part has an articulated joint with an inner supporting shell faced by its broadening part to the base. |
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Vibrating rammer for compaction of road construction materials Invention relates to construction equipment, particularly, to vibrating rammers. Vibrating rammer comprises board with platform to support the drive articulated with vibrator arranged at said board. Said platform is mounted on rolling bearings and is coupled with the board via hinged with horizontal pin. The latter is located opposite the vibrator, at the end of board with rounded working surface circumscribed by radius with centre located at hinge pin. Articulation between vibrator and drive is composed by two-step belt drive with idle pulleys aligned with horizontal hinge. Vibrator and hinge are mounted at the board, at its opposite sides relative to the centre of gravity, at spacing defined by mathematical formula. Pin joint between said platform and said board rules out transfer of vertical oscillations to platform supporting the drive, hence to motor and operator handle. |
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Method for creating impervious coating with bentomates on subsiding soils Invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering and can be used when creating the impervious protection of water entities, canals and reservoirs of industrial wastes made on subsiding soils. Ground base is prepared. Bentomate mattress is laid. Revetment from concrete or reinforced concrete slabs is performed. In this case, strip of bentomate mattress is placed on mattress under the joints of concrete slabs. Width of additional strip of bentomate mattress depends on geological and subsiding soil properties. |
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Fibre-reinforced concrete pile formed by cylindrical shell with self-opening low end with openings on the lateral surface and injector with two tampons which is arranged in the cylindrical shell. Openings on the lateral surfaces of the shell are closed in the starting position with sliding shutters, secured on the shell surface by means of hinges and flexible high-strength couplings, limiting the sliding shutter opening. The internal cavity of the shell is filled with fibre-reinforced concrete under pressure through injector with two tampons and two tubes, thus opening the sliding shutters, the maximum opening of which is limited by flexible couplings, as a result cantilever beams are formed from fibre-reinforced concrete on the outer shell surface, reinforced for sensing the normal stresses by sliding shutters and flexible coupling, as well as reinforced fibres in fibre-reinforced fillers for perceiving the shear stresses. |
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Method for stabilising soft ground for dam or blade and dam or blade Invention relates to the construction, namely to the stabilisation of dam or blade on the soft, infirm ground. Method for stabilising the dam or blade on the soft, infirm ground, in which walls rigid for bending, consisting of steel profiles driven deep into the ground, sheet piles or pillars, are erected on borders of foreseen embankment for dam and blade formation, at least on two sides located opposite each other of the planned embankment. High-strength elements operating for extension, in particular, ropes, bundles of filaments, chains, belts and connected with walls possibly rigidly are placed on the soft ground parallel to each other at height of the soft ground surface. Material web lying on the surface of the soft soil or film strip separating the soft soil from embankment or joined instead of high-strength elements, working in tension and separating the material webs possible rigidly at height of the soft soil surface with walls, are placed between the walls and elements working in tension. |
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Shell pile with filler material Shell pile with filler fixed inside the pile and cap on the top, installed in permafrost soil, with internal cavity filled with nonfrost-susceptible material. The cavity is filled partially, just above the level of lower boundary of layer of seasonal freezing and thawing of the soil, in this case the upper surface of filler is sealed against the ingress of water. |
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Foundation with indicator of above norm deformations, sagging, dips in base Foundation with indicator of above norm deformations, sagging, dips in the base represents a monolithic reinforced concrete slab, strip or block assembly, in which vertical technological channels (indents) are made on the entire thickness. Deformation indicator is mounted in assembly channel, representing a gap relay with two plates and terminal disposed between the upper and lower drop lids, mounted vertically coaxially one above the other and held in the open position via the spring spacer, the lower cover is connected with the gap relay, gap relay is connected to the guard service console or to the dispatcher room console of housing and public utilities. |
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Ground anchorage includes an anchor rod arranged in a well and attached to a lock of the anchor made in the form of a connection pipe, and a joint grouting. The connection pipe consists of coaxially located tubular elements interconnected with each other with deformable elements fixed on their side surfaces, which form widening when being supported from the bottom of the well and at movement of tubular elements relative to each other. |
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Manufacturing method of inclined pile with controlled widening Manufacturing method of an inclined pile with controlled widening involves drilling of a well, installation of a reinforcement framework in the form of a tube, injection of a cement-and-sand solution before controlled swaging of walls of the well throughout the length of annular space. The reinforcement framework is made in the form of an injection tube with two or three zones of injection holes and a rubber shell membrane fixed on its end. Injection holes are made with a diameter of 0.08-0.12d, where d - well diameter, and uniformly located in a staggered order in all zones; in the first zone - at the distance of 4-5d from the end, where the rubber shell membrane is fixed, and in the second and the third ones throughout the injection tube. Injection of the cement and sand solution is performed by means of a rubber hose, on the lower end of which a packer is located, and the upper end is connected to a pump station. |
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Reinforced sand bed with curved bottom Invention relates to construction, and namely to foundation construction and can be used at erection of low-rise buildings and structures on weak clay beds. A reinforced sand bed with the curved bottom for foundations on weak clay beds includes arrangement of the sand bed in the bottom soil. The sand bed bottom has a curved outline for uniform distribution of stresses on a weak bottom, as well as arrangement along the bed outline of geosynthetic material operating for strain and constraining transverse deformations of sand soil. |
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Automatic control device of working mechanism of soil compacting machine Invention relates to construction, and namely to control of compaction of bulk soils. An automatic control device of an actuator of a working element of a soil compacting machine consists of an accelerometer, an amplifier, a band-pass filter, an amplifier with an adjustable amplification coefficient, a filter of the first harmonic, a frequency to analogue signal converter, an algebraic adder, a setting device of a soil compaction degree, an analogue-to-digital converter, a compactor, a trigger, a signal shaper and a memory unit. The device is equipped with monitoring converters of the number of machine passes, its movement speed, force and frequency of an impact of the working element, speed of a bell-crank mechanism, input and output normalisers for connection to a control object, an on-board microprocessor controller with a software, which is controlled with the actuator as per several optimum parameters. Primary converters are electrically connected through the input signal normaliser to Input 1 of the microprocessor controller, to Input 2 of which a signal is supplied from a comparison analyser, and control commands of the adjustable actuator kinematically connected to the working element of the machine are shaped from Input through the output normaliser. |
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Reinforced earthwork structure Invention relates to construction, in particular to construction of reinforced earthwork structures. A building construction contains a facing, a filling from the back side of the facing, synthetic reinforced strips distributed in the filling, and a coupling system between the reinforced strips and the filling. The coupling system comprises fastening means in the form of a continuous closed loop. Each fastening mean has two first areas for coupling with the facing and two second areas alternate with the first areas along the length of the closed loop form, extending to the back surface of the facing, where they are bent in the opposite direction to form two loops, inside which there is at least one reinforcing strip. |
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Device for mixing soil materials Invention relates to a device for mixing soil materials, in particular to a device for mixing additives directly with soil materials of the ground. The device comprises at least two mixing drums made with the ability to rotate around their axes of rotation which are located at a small distance from each other. Between the drums the fixing frame is located, on which the drop sleeve is fixedly mounted. At the upper end of the drop sleeve the attachment means are located for attachment to the lever for mounting the attached implement. The rotation axes of the mixing drums are inclined relative to the plane perpendicular to the vertical axis of the device, so that when the drop sleeve is in the upright position, the axes of rotation of the mixing drums are inclined downward toward the outer ends of the drums. Thus, the ends of the mixing drums, located closest to each other, are substantially closer to each other with their lower edges than with their upper edges. |
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Method of regulation of differential settlements of a multi-storied building with raft or piled-raft foundation includes calculation of a stress-strain state of a "base-foundation-building" system and redistribution of stiffening elements of a "foundation-building" system. Redistribution of stiffening elements of the "foundation-building" system is carried out by placing additional stiffening elements in the zone of maximum uneven settlements by height of the building with offset of mass centres and stiffness of the building towards the zone of smaller settlements. |
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Gabion retaining wall includes stones, arranged in a grid frame with hexagonal cells. The stones, filling the space of the grid frame, are artificial and previously made of concrete. A glass-cloth with lining along the perimeter is stacked between the layers of stones inside the gabion in a horizontal plane over the entire height. The artificial stones have preferably cubic or prismatic shape and may be packed in columns or with displacement in layers. Such technical solution will prevent the thrust of the gabion retaining wall and will significantly increase the height. Large effect will be achieved if the glass-cloth will be glued to the contacted layers of stones. |
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Invention relates to construction, namely to elements for reinforcement, separation and drainage of large structures, such as road embankments. A plate element for reinforcement, separation and drainage of large structures such as road embankments, comprises a plate body, which has a lattice structure with main and transverse cables, stretched along two mutually perpendicular directions. The cables are biaxially oriented with a stretch ratio in two indicated mutually perpendicular directions, which is from 2.8 to 5.5. Main cables, i.e. in a direction of a workpiece extrusion, forming the plate body, have a quadrangular cross section and thickness in the direction, passing perpendicularly to the plane of the plate body location, which is equal to at least triple thickness of the transverse cables. |
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Method of modelling horizontal thermoerosional washout of frozen soils Invention relates to industrial or civil construction, in particular to determine the stability of frozen soils, and can be used in construction of oil and gas pipelines to determine the degree of soil stability to thermoerosional washout. A method of modelling the horizontal thermoerosional washout of frozen soils includes the preliminary positioning of the soil sample in the cuvette, saturation of the soil sample with water up to the specified moisture, application of a drainage line of the certain width on the surface of the sample and freezing of the soil sample in the cuvette with the closed lid in the cooling chamber to a determined temperature for minimum one day, the cuvette placing with the prepared soil sample with the open sector under the water supply facility at an angle, depending on the specified parameters of modelling, and erosion of the soil sample by water course. The width of the drainage line, water temperature and flow of the watercourse are adjustable, in this case the measurements of direct indexes are conducted - a depth of thawing and soil erosion, water temperature, width and depth of the water flow within the selected time interval, on the basis of which the indirect parameters of thermoerosional washout are determined: intensity of washout, erosion-preventive resistance of soil, water flow mechanical energy, water flow thermal energy, thermal flow expended for melting of frozen soil, thermal flow due to dissipation of mechanical energy, heat transfer coefficient between the water flow and frozen soil by the given dependences. |
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Pile is arranged in the following way. A well is drilled for vertical bored shaft 1. Bored shaft 1 with a cavity for drive shaft 3 is made. Arrangement works of drive shaft 3 are performed and the rest space between bored and drive shafts is filled with small-grain concrete 5. After that, monolithic foundation frame 6 is arranged, and the obtained pile structure is rigidly attached to it. |
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Composition for arrangement of bases of road pavements and other structures Invention relates to construction and utilisation of wastes of heat engineering, and namely to reinforced ground compositions (soil cements), which can be used for construction of structures, including in structures of bases of road pavements of automobile roads; in an earth bed of automobile roads and other structures; for backfilling, elimination and recultivation of developed soil banks and slurry ponds; for reinforcement of sides of roads, slopes and cavities. Composition for arrangement of bases of road pavements and structures, which includes cement, slurry of chemical water treatment of CHP, and when necessary, for assurance of required humidity (optimum for compacting), it additionally contains sand at the following component ratio, wt % (by solid phase): sand 57-82, cement 6-12, CHP chemical water treatment slurry (on a dry basis) 12-30. The invention is developed in a subclaim of the formula. |
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Equipment for levelling of underwater bed Invention relates to equipment for underwater bed levelling and can be used for protection of light reflectors at the bar at cable sagging. Equipment for levelling the stone filling make the underwater bed consists of bar 2, weight 1 secured thereat, light reflectors 5 arranged at bar top outer circle, and cable 4. Levelling of underwater bed is performed by lifting the bar 2 with weight 1 on cable 4 and lowering them by gravity. Detection of levelled surface location is performed by parameters of beam reflected from reflectors 5 to light receiver. Protective structure is mounted at said equipment to protect collision of said light reflectors against said sagging cable 4. Besides, there is the zone for beams transmission to point aligned with beam part reflected from light reflectors to light receiver. |
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Method to erect underground structure Invention relates to the method to erect the underground structure, at the same time the method shall provide, if possible, for reliable and quick installation of an underground structure. When erecting an underground structure, a shaft is deepened in the place of erection, which is closed with a slab. In the slab there is a hole, in the area of which a lifting/lowering device is provided. In the shaft in the area of the hole there is a stopping device. In the area of the hole there is a compartment of the structure, which is connected to the lifting/lowering device, lowered through the hole down to the stopping device and stopped. After stopping the device is disconnected from the lifting/lowering device. A process cycle is performed, in which the next compartment of the structure is provided in the area of the hole and connected with the lifting/lowering device and stopping compartment of the structure, then the stopping of the previous compartment is disconnected. Compartments of the structure available in the shaft are lowered until the highest compartment is in the stopping area, and the highest compartment of the structure is stopped. This process cycle is repeated until the compartments required for erection of the underground structure are installed into the shaft. |
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Objective of the invention is development of the method to arrange an antifiltration screen with alternating water permeability in an operated road embankment with optimal parameters of cost, which efficiently reduce water filtration via the operated embankment and providing for its stability. Development of the alternating water permeability is necessary for even distribution of hydrodynamic pressure at the screen body with provision of permanent water flow along the entire screen height, and also for provision of filtration strength of the screen. The proposed method consists in the following: works to submerge injectors into soil; injection of an alkaline solution into soil; withdrawal of injectors. For strengthening they use a bicomponent solution of sodium hydroxide (GOST 2263-79) 2.5-7.5 normal concentration (density of the solution is 1.11-1.32 g/cm3) with addition of lime (1-2% of the working solution mass), injection is carried out via injectors placed vertically at the side of the embankment by stopes, with stope length equal to the sum of length of the perforated part of the injector and the reinforcement radius, injection is carried out via injectors placed vertically at the side of the embankment by stopes, with stope length equal to the sum of length of the perforated part of the injector and reinforcement radius. |
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Invention relates to devices for controlled temperature stabilisation, cooling and freezing of ground at foundation bases as well as for heat supply of structures on permafrost grounds (in cryolytic zone). Method of year-round cooling, freezing of ground at a foundation base and for heat supply of a structure on permafrost ground in cryolytic zone involves drilling of wells, cooling of ground. All year round, cooling and freezing of the ground of a foundation base are controlled and the year-round partial heat supply of the structure is carried out due to the heat of the foundation base ground and adjacent ground layers that are cooled and frozen. The primary circuit of a heat pump with low temperature heat carrier is formed, the boiling temperature of the heat pump working medium is by 10-30°C lower than the minimal temperature of the heat carrier in the primary circuit. The heat pump is installed inside a structure and heat is supplied with the conversion factor above 1-3. The freezing temperature of the heat carrier in the primary circuit of the heat pump is lower than the minimal temperature of the ambient air of the structure's site up to -60°C. The evaporation temperature of the working medium in the secondary circuit is higher than the lower limit of its working range of temperatures up to -75°C. A thermal well is set in the block of a structure base with bearing piles on the periphery or thermal wells being divided into less powerful ones are set at its periphery along with providing for additional bearing function of a pile. The heat carrier of the divided thermal wells is delivered by heat insulated heating conduits to a common heat exchanger of the heat pump primary circuit or to several heat pumps installed in different rooms of the structure. |
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Method includes orientation of a flexible concrete mat (FCM) in respect to a bottom surface by its one or another side depending on type of soil. The method to install the FCM according to the first version includes orientation of FCM to the bottom surface with the side having higher penetration power as water flow in a water course exceeds the value of non-washing speed for this section of the water course and/or if characteristics of bottom surface soil are sufficient for FCM self-submersion into soil under gravity. Otherwise the FCM is oriented to the bottom surface with the side having the lower penetration power. The method of FCM installation according to the second version in case, if the bottom surface is formed mainly by rock, half-rock or clayey soils includes FCM orientation to the bottom surface with a side, on which blocks have bases of flat shape and larger area in plan compared to the opposite side. If the bottom surface is formed mainly by sandy or macrofragmental soils, then orientation of FCM to the bottom surface is carried out with a side, on which blocks have bases of smaller area in plan or are made without bases. If the bottom surface of the water course mainly contains sludges, sapropels, peated soils or peats, then the FCM is oriented to the bottom surface with its any side. The flexible concrete mat comprises concrete blocks, connected to each other row by row and in rows with at least one connection element. Surfaces in these blocks at the upper and lower side of the FCM are made mainly narrowing in direction from the central part of the blocks. The bases of the blocks have flat shape at one or both sides of the FCM. Ratios of average values of the base area, height of blocks and angles of inclination of the side surface of blocks must correspond to the laws given in the patent claim. The coefficient of asymmetry between FCM sides exceeds or its equal to 1.05. |
Another patent 2528844.