Method to erect underground structure |
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IPC classes for russian patent Method to erect underground structure (RU 2519321):
E21D13/00 - Large underground chambers; Methods or apparatus for making them (lining E21D0011000000)
 Cellar with cold accumulator / 2494320
Cellar is designed in the form of an underground structure having the products accommodation chamber and containing a vessel with a cold accumulation liquid, a means for the said liquid cooling having a sealed body loaded with a heat medium containing serially connected parts representing the evaporation zone, the transportation zone and the condensation zone in the form of a vertical finned tube, choked from above and positioned over the ground surface. The floor of the products accommodation chamber (within part of its area) has an indentation wherein the said vessel with cold accumulation liquid is positioned. The vessel is made of an elastic material and has an excessive volume so that to provide for expansion of the said liquid during liquid-to-solid phase transition; the vessel is confined in a rigid protected casing (open from above) so that to enable close fitting to its inner surface. Part of the body of the means for cooling the cold accumulation liquid, representing the transportation zone, is designed in the form of a tube passing vertically through the products accommodation chamber and the ground layer positioned over it prior to connection to the part representing the condensation zone. The means for cooling the cold accumulation liquid additionally contains a manifold installed between the evaporation zone and the transportation zone and representing a tube choked at the both ends, bent in the form of an open ring and having connection to the transportation zone within its middle part. The choked ends of the said tube are positioned at the same height as the part connected to the transportation zone or below such part to impart a slope equal to several degrees to the manifold. The evaporation zone is formed by the total of several vertical rectilinear nipples having choked bottom ends and connected to the manifold from the bottom via their top ends with the connection spots uniformly distributed across the manifold length. The manifold and the said nipples are sized and positioned so that to enclose the said rigid protective casing with the vessel with cold accumulation liquid confined therein. From among the said parts of the means for cooling the cold accumulation liquid at least the said manifold and the vertical nipples are made of an easily deformable metal.
 Construction method of underground storage tank in rocky soils / 2425978
Method involves drilling of wells to the depth of 3-5 km; some of them shall be inclined and shall converge at the depth of 3-5 km approximately to one point and shall be used as inlet ones. At that, inclination angle of those wells is chosen so that possibility of spontaneous explosion can be eliminated. Casing of sections of shafts of those wells is performed with casing pipes; squibs and main charges are supplied to them. At that, round charges from explosive in covers are used as squibs and main charges and alternate with explosion initiators, as well as radio electronic devices for receiving destroy signal. Liquid explosives are supplied to wells simultaneously with charges. Destroy signal is supplied by means of radio electronic device. Boundaries of the formed underground cavity is determined after explosion by means of seismic pickups and two inclined diverging wells are drilled approximately from one point towards its edges for its further purposeful use.
 Method to store cars in separate interconnected modules / 2506386
Invention relates to the field of construction, and in particular to methods of storage cars in separate interconnected modules. The method to store cars in separate interconnected modules on carts equipped with a cargo platform and drive carts, and moving along the track is performed by placing each car on the loading platform of each cart, and each cart is equipped with a cargo platform set by the rail track moving the cart on the basis of individual modules while for each individual module installed on the base there are side panels and a roof, thus forming a separate module, and the side panels serve as a special opening for passage of a vehicle, with each deposit, freed from the car, a cart loading platform, carried out on this same cart without moving it relative to fixation of locations of the loading platform to the cart and drive movement of the cart along the rail track installed in each cart, and every base to separate modules is arranged in a single row, and the side panels and the roof of each individual module of the adjacent base are respectively interconnected, and the last in the series based on a separate module with installed side panels and roof respectively connected to the side panels, roof and base of the first separate module in this series, and each adjacent base rails of the separate module formed by a closed circuit of a series of individual and interconnected modules, respectively connected to each other, and the movement of each cart on the railway track carried forward or backward, as well as carrying out the possible adhesion between the carts themselves and carry out their mutual joint movement forward or backwards, and carrying out possible movement of each carriage in an offline mode from other carts, where each car is set for storage in a cargo platform cart of a separate module, and any vehicle is removed with a cargo platform cart selected by the individual module of its own driven car, the car is recovered beyond the individual module directly with any of the loading platform truck, through a special opening for passage of a vehicle in the sidebar of the selected individual interconnected modules, while delivering the car to the selected separate module to extract it from it, with a cargo platform cart to form a closed track, and to set the car in storage in the cargo platform of the separate module delivering the necessary one with the free cart in a service platform in a closed track, selected in a separate module.
 Parking lot for vehicles and method for parking of vehicles on parking lot / 2495988
Parking lot for parking of vehicles on a road (street) comprises a traffic area limited with a curbstone or a roadside, a pavement and a section between the traffic area and the pavement, comprising facilities arranged along the road for parking of vehicles. The parking lot is equipped with parking platforms, which are installed along the road in the section between the traffic area of the road and the pavement at the angle to the axial line of the road with the possibility of vehicles entry onto them from the road traffic area. Also the method is described to park vehicles on the parking lot along the road (street).
 Two-level car parking device / 2481445
Two-level car parking device comprises a base installed onto a foundation block; a hollow stand installed in the base; a platform installed on the stand as capable of movement in vertical direction and having a central part serving for placement of a car, and a peripheral part that covers the stand; a helical mechanism of vertical displacement of the platform having parts installed inside the stand and including a screw with a nut; an electromechanical drive of a rotary motion of a helical mechanism through one of its parts; a mechanism of rotation with an electromechanical drive, having an outlet shaft connected with a rotary part of the rotation mechanism. The hollow stand comprises a flange with bearings, installed in the base as capable of rotation together with the stand and the platform; the rotation mechanism is connected with the stand flange, at the same time the helical mechanism part movable in the vertical direction is connected with the peripheral part of the platform by means of flexible links, at least one of which is pulled over the block installed on the upper part of the stand.
 Underwater garage for vehicles and method to construct underwater garage / 2468151
Underwater garage comprises a tight body, descents for entry and exit of transport from the garage, floors arranged within the body. The body is arranged in the form of a module representing a tight solid reinforced concrete box. At the end sections of the body there are ramps arranged, which are made curvilinear and rise above water. Entry and exit are carried out along a piled bridge that connects the quay and the curvilinear ramps. The method to construct the underwater garage includes construction of a coastal pit separated from the river with a soil dam. The pit is arranged by providing vertical walls reinforced with the help of a metal rabbet. Then assembly is carried out in the module pit, and it is hydraulically insulated. The pit is filled with water, the dam is dismantled, and the module is transported to the place of installation. The module is installed into a previously prepared underwater pit by means of partial filling of the module with water, the module is surcharged in order to prevent floating and, and works are performed to reinforce the bottom with subsequent water pumping. Descents are arranged in the form of the piled bridge that connects the quay and the ramps of the underwater garage.
 Method for vehicle parking according to vishnevsky / 2463420
Method for vehicle parking includes entrance, exit and allocation of vehicles on parking site in rows in which longitudinal axes of parked vehicles are mutually parallel. Vehicles allocation on parking site is made in pairs with reduced distance d1 between lateral sides of vehicles in vehicle pair, and distance between adjacent pairs of vehicles d2 is provided through marking of parking site allowing opening driver doors where d2=Bdoor.±δ, where: Bdoor - width of vehicle door, δ≥2 cm, and d1 is provided when parking in pairs according to condition: d1=2×bs.m.±δ, where bs.m.. - width of side mirror.
 Modular racks / 2432438
Modular rack consists of at least one module, comprising at least one cell formed by the main and additional elements in the form of vertical elements, transverse elements, stands, braces, brackets and at least one pair of guide elements fixed rigidly to each other; assembled in the place equipped for this purpose; delivered to the installation site in the assembled form; joined at the installation site and fixed rigidly at the side of at least one its face with the other at least one module of similar or other purpose; designed for storage on guide elements or movement along them, or simultaneous storage and movement of at least one pallet, container or trolley with a stored object or without it on them. The guide elements are made in the form of two elements, each with one bearing shelf or one with two bearing shelves, where the lower shelf is necessary to move trolleys, and the upper one - to hold pallets with stored objects; which makes it possible to increase number of storage places and levels, if required, to join and rigidly fixed another additional at least one module to its one face with similar or other purpose; provides for reinforcement of its structure, preferably arranged on lower levels, with fixation of other additional elements or replacement of the ones available for stronger ones; makes it possible to fix elements of engineering systems on them; may be installed onto available permanent structures.
 Double-level parking of open type with car tray engagement to side surface / 2430225
Double-level parking is made as a bearing frame with a movable lifting-transport device of portal type. Linear guides are arranged at various levels, support beams of the lifting-transport device portal are made of different sizes, the lifting unit is arranged on the side part of the portal, and design of the lifting device gripping unit and the tray ensure gripping of the tray at the side.
 Storage (versions) / 2427692
Storage is formed with at least one rack installed on a base of at least one type, made of at least one cubicle of the second tier with elements that ensure movement of a trolley and storage of pallets, with at least one movable lifting mechanism, made of various elements, which ensure moving or rolling and fixation of the movable lifting mechanism, at least to one another section, and lifting or lowering of a manipulator in vertical direction, at least with one manipulator that comprises a platform and a transmission gear, which ensure movement of trolleys and transfer of motion at them, with at least one motor, which ensures movement of a lifting device, lifting-lowering of a manipulator and operation of a manipulator with at least one trolley, which comprises a body, from at least one lifting frame, with a transmission gear, at least with one engagement device of various design, which ensures displacement of at least one trolley, engagement of this trolley, at least with one another trolley, lifting-lowering of lifting frames, at least on one trolley, transfer of motion at least to one another trolley, at least with one pallet made of a body of any design, at least with one fixing device of any design, providing for load retention and fixation in process of transportation and storage, at least by one automated control system, which ensures control of storage components to carry out loading, transportation, unloading and other actions, provided at least by one logic of storage operation "Unloading from the second row", making it possible to use multi-row racks with application of transit cubicles, with a different set of additional components from the ones listed below, at least with one combined loading and unloading site, at least with one combined entrance and exit; at least with one combined access and departure track, at least with one combined entrance and exit, at least with one other premise, which ensures best conditions of storage operation and reliability.
 Automatic vending parking / 2399733
Automatic vending parking comprises at least one row of parking places, every of which is formed by road surface limited at sides by metal barriers, barriers at entrance to each parking place, parking payment and control terminals and sensors of car position mounted under road surface and connected to parking payment and control terminal. Sensors of car position are arranged in the form of induction loop sensors, barriers that prevent unauthorised exit of car are connected by wire to parking payment and control terminal arranged with the possibility to accept cash, to process signals from sensors and to control operation of parking place barriers, and also having function to protect barrier with a password, besides barrier is made in the form of metal structure mounted in concrete foundation in road surface, and comprises blocking element fixed with one degree of motion freedom, protruding over level of road surface in closed condition and lowering down to road surface level in open condition.
 Multilevel merry-go-round-spiral parking / 2398946
Proposed merry-go-round-spiral parking consists of multilevel surface and partially underground structures to accommodates cars. The latter enter the parking and exit from it via one door on every floor. Note that parking place is arranged so that to allow aligning parking place with structure wall opening in one merry-go-round move.
 Shallow tunnel in soft water-saturated ground conditions / 2504618
Shallow transport tunnel in soft water-saturated ground is formed by waterproof lining. Tunnel lining is a superstructure supported by piles installed in soft ground with a definite pitch. Pile ends rest on lower layer of ground base with high strength properties. Inertia and braking loads are absorbed by additional cross-links formed by ties with ground anchors buried in underlying ground layer with high strength properties.
 Section of pedestrian underpass / 2493327
Section of a pedestrian underpass comprises a bearing shell of a double-row tunnel with pedestrian roads, and also a unit of bearing shell unloading from power stresses. The bearing shell of the double-row tunnel includes two metal pipes formed by cylindrical surfaces of rotation of identical radius, and the pipes are arranged in parallel to each other, and also includes a support concrete slab arranged in the lower part of metal pipes and rigidly connected to them, and this slab forms pedestrian roads in the lower part of metal pipes and is equipped with metal insulation on the upper section between metal pipes fixed to the latter. Side walls of the specified metal pipes of the bearing shell that face each other are each made at least with two openings communicating cavities of metal pipes between each other. The specified unit of the bearing shell unloading from power stresses includes concrete pylons with side walls, formed by cylindrical surfaces of rotation with curve equal to curve of metal pipes, arranged at the ends of the latter, and at least one concrete pylon in the middle part of metal pipes between the specified openings in their side walls and coupled with the latter, and also comprises an arched spacer metal belt formed by the cylindrical surface of rotation, arranged symmetrically at both sides between both metal pipes in their upper part and rigidly fixed by their longitudinal edges with side walls of both metal pipes. Concrete pylons are equipped with metal insulation coupled with their end walls and upper side walls and fixed to metal pipes, and are rigidly connected to the specified support concrete slab, the specified arched spacer metal belt and side walls of metal pipes, forming together with them a solid frame.
 Method for underground structure erection / 2489550
Method for underground structure erection includes arrangement of walls in soil along the pit contour, stage-by-stage soil excavation, arrangement of a slab with support against walls and dismountable inventory structures, concreting of a foundation slab, with subsequent erection of capital vertical bearing structures, fixation of slabs on them and dismantling of inventory structures. Between walls arranged along the pit contour in soil they first partially excavate soil, then an inventory structure is installed with a support against soil and walls. A slab is arranged with support against the inventory structure and walls, afterwards soil under the inventory structure is extracted. Additional struts are mounted into a thrust between walls and units of the inventory structure, afterwards the remaining part of the pit soil is excavated, the foundation slab is concreted. Then the bearing vertical walls and/or pillars are installed, the slab is rested against them, and inventory structures and struts are dismantled.
 Method for construction of underground structure / 2486318
Method for construction of an underground structure includes formation of two rows of fencing elements in soil between the erected structure and the existing one, and one of these rows is made in the form of an interlocking fence for the depth that is not less than the depth of the erected structure, and assembly of the erected structure under protection of the fencing elements. The second fencing element is installed along the external contour of the erected structure and is also made in the form of the interlocking fence for the depth equal to the depth of the first fencing element, and as the soil is being mined, the fencing elements are tightened with each other by anchors, at the same time the anchors are arranged at different angles to the planes of the fencing elements.
 Method to erect section of adjacency between running tunnel of subway line under construction and running tunnel of existing line / 2460848
Method to erect a section of adjacency between a running tunnel of a subway line under construction to a running tunnel of an existing line includes erection of adjacency structures by making vertical walls from secant bored piles of the tunnel of the line under construction at both sides of existing tunnels, mining a pit with soil excavation, installation of struts from steel pipes with the possibility to ensure their resting against walls from secant bored piles, erection of a solid embracing cover with the possibility to ensure its resting in indents arranged on erected walls from secant bored piles, and with dismantling of a vertical wall of tunnel lining of an existing line at the side where a line under construction adjoins. Upon erection of a solid embracing cover, inside the tunnel of the existing line at the side where the tunnel of the line under construction adjoins, indents are cut in a track concrete with a rated pitch along axes of sleepers with width of more or equal to 650 mm, length equal to the width of the existing running tunnel and depth to the top of reinforcement frames of the tunnel tray. On the bottom of the indents a strengthening reinforcement is installed with length to the walls from secant bored piles, as well as a metal insulation along the indent width, which is rigidly joined with a tray by means of anchors with a pitch of 500 mm with subsequent concreting with the possibility to ensure shoulders for welding to the sheets of metal insulation of the adjacent indent. Metal insulation is brought out to the walls from secant bored piles with subsequent closure of insulation along the inner contour of adjacency and erection of a protective wall along the metal insulation. Then the track concrete is laid, as well as a rail sleeper grid on the adjacency section, afterwards backfilling with sand soil is carried out.
 Underground facility lining / 2457332
Underground facility lining has a spatial reinforced woven frame corresponding to an underground facility contour and concrete. At the same time the spatial reinforced woven frame comprises closed external and internal contours connected to each other by two external circular elements. Besides, the frame also comprises internal solid partitions forming tight chambers, where internal partitions with arranged holes are located. Tight chambers are equipped with valves connected to the inside of the underground facility. Besides, for each tight chamber one valve is installed for filling with air, and the other one - for its filling with concrete. The spatial reinforced woven frame may be arranged from a waterproof high-strength fabric reinforced with aramide fibres.
 Method to construct multistorey underground structures under complicated engineering-geological conditions / 2417285
Method to construct multistorey underground structures in weak water-saturated soils in districts of existing development, including arrangement of vertical walls, arrangement of floor ceilings and subsequent removal of soil from the foundation pit, differing by the fact that position of vertical walls is reliably fixed in their lower part with a concrete diaphragm laid at the bottom of the foundation pit without extraction of soil; in the upper part the vertical walls are fixed with spreader beams laid onto soil foundation at the elevation of upper ceiling of the structure along the external contour of the foundation pit, and a frame installed along the external contour of the foundation pit onto soil foundation also at the elevation of the upper ceiling; spreader beams, in their turn, are supported with a system of horizontal longitudinal and transverse beams, which are mounted at the level of the ceiling, afterwards the soil mass is removed from the foundation pit to the elevation of the ceiling of the lower floor; at the level of the lower floor the similar technological operations are carried out to arrange spreader beams and a system of longitudinal and transverse beams that support spreader beams; afterwards the soil mass is removed to the level of the ceiling of the next floor below, and all technological operations are repeated; finally the soil mass is removed from the foundation pit to the diaphragm that closes the foundation pit bottom, afterwards the diaphragm surface is levelled, and ceilings are assembled, in the "bottom-up" order.
 Lining of underground structure from reinforced metal blocks / 2378456
Lining of underground structure from reinforced metal blocks comprises internal metal insulation with stiffening ribs and concrete. Reinforced metal blocks are made in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds, which consists of metal sheet, working armature rods welded to it with length by 20 mm less than length of metal sheet and stiffening ribs in the form of two or more diagonal metal trusses, upper belt tops of which are located in the same plane, and armature lattice made of longitudinal armature rods, with number equal to doubled number of trusses and cross armature rods with pitch equal to pitch of truss diagonal, at the same time tops of upper belts of trusses serve as support elements for fixation of armature lattice on them, and arranged so that metal sheet, welded working armature rods, diagonal trusses and longitudinal rod armature of lattice fixed on tops of truss upper belts, create lower and upper diaphragms of vertical rigidity of reinforced metal block, transverse armature of grid creates upper diaphragm of horizontal rigidity, and metal sheet - its lower diaphragm. Length of longitudinal rods of lattice exceeds length of metal sheet on each side by value 1, and created extensions of longitudinal rods are bent according to radius, equal to distance between metal sheet and armature lattice h, and from one side at least half inserted into tubular cartridges with length of 10-20 diametres of armature rods, which are bent in the form of knee along the same radius as longitudinal armature rods, having holes in middle part of length for filling of fast-hardening cement-sand solution and equipped with fastening bolts. Cross rods of armature lattice, length of which on each side is equal to width of metal sheet, on one side at least half inserted into tubular straight cartridges, equipped with fastening bolts and holes in a manner similar to bent cartridges. Exceeding of length of longitudinal rods of lattice over length of metal sheet 1 is identified using given dependence.
 Method for reinforcement and device for reinforcement of structure from corrugated steel sheets / 2378455
Method for reinforcement of structure from corrugated steel sheets with application of shell located on surface of corrugated steel sheet, in which the following stages are executed: stage of anchor bolt installation, in which hole is created for insertion of anchor bolt on surface of corrugated steel sheet, and anchor bolt is installed in hole for insertion of anchor bolt so that upper end of anchor bolt protrudes over surface of corrugated steel sheet by specified height. Stage of armature rod installation, in which armature rod is fixed to anchor bolt, which protrudes over surface of corrugated steel sheet, with application of wire sections. Stage of curb assembly, in which curb is attached to anchor bolt with application of nut so that armature rod located over surface of corrugated steel sheet is closed with this curb. Stage of concrete filling, in which concrete is filled inside curb arranged on surface of corrugated steel sheet. Stage of curb dismantling, in which curb is removed after concrete filled inside this curb hardens. Besides on stage of curb assembly, the following operations are carried out: placement of seal between curb arranged on surface of corrugated steel sheet and mentioned surface of corrugated steel sheet, and reinforcement of curb arranged on surface of corrugated steel sheet, using support rod, at opposite ends of which there are areas with internal thread, onto which according fastening nuts are screwed.
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FIELD: construction. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the method to erect the underground structure, at the same time the method shall provide, if possible, for reliable and quick installation of an underground structure. When erecting an underground structure, a shaft is deepened in the place of erection, which is closed with a slab. In the slab there is a hole, in the area of which a lifting/lowering device is provided. In the shaft in the area of the hole there is a stopping device. In the area of the hole there is a compartment of the structure, which is connected to the lifting/lowering device, lowered through the hole down to the stopping device and stopped. After stopping the device is disconnected from the lifting/lowering device. A process cycle is performed, in which the next compartment of the structure is provided in the area of the hole and connected with the lifting/lowering device and stopping compartment of the structure, then the stopping of the previous compartment is disconnected. Compartments of the structure available in the shaft are lowered until the highest compartment is in the stopping area, and the highest compartment of the structure is stopped. This process cycle is repeated until the compartments required for erection of the underground structure are installed into the shaft. EFFECT: provision of reliable, quick assembly of an underground structure, if possible. 18 cl, 12 dwg
The invention relates to a method of construction of underground structures. In areas of high building density space for the construction of high-rise buildings in the Central areas is becoming more limited. If this becomes problematic, first of all, the construction of functional buildings, such as Parking lots or warehouses, as the square on which they can be constructed by the method of high-rise construction, because of their reduction are becoming more expensive, so that their construction or unprofitable, or their operation is associated with high operating costs, their economic exploitation is impossible. Next these types of buildings because of their auxiliary functions are not very desirable in urban ensemble, but functionally they could not refuse. So there are ideas to erect buildings or buildings instead of the method of high-rise construction method of underground construction. This often pits that must be an expensive way insured and protected against the ingress of water. Further, in these pits are built appropriate facilities, and then the pits again closed. Such methods involve very high costs and very large engineering costs, which directly affect the cost of erection and pre is de only, at the time of construction. Object of the invention is to propose a method by which can be built underground structures. Requirements for this method are that the construction must be done quickly and efficiently, with high quality and reliable from the point of view of labor. The task is solved according to the invention by the fact that at the site of erection deepen shaft and shaft cover overlapping, which has a hole, in the hole provide a lifting/lowering device that the shaft in the area of the holes provide retiree device that in the area of the openings provide a compartment structure, which is connected with the lifting/lowering device is lowered through the hole to arethrough device and cage, and then after arresting device is disconnected from the lifting/lowering devices that perform technological cycle, which include the following compartment structures in the area of the hole, which connects the with the lifting/lowering device and ureterovaginal compartment structures, then the arresting previous compartment disconnect located in the shaft compartments buildings put up until the top compartment will not be in aretruly region, and the ver the deposits compartment structures cage, this process cycle is repeated until such time as required for the construction of underground structures compartments will not be installed in the pit. Under the mine shaft refers to the outer structure, and other elements are understood as internal structure. Preferred is the fact that the shaft acts as a pit, which can be quickly and reliably manufactured, while the construction in the shaft, which through the shaft wall and lining of shaft wall is part of the plant can be performed directly and simply, and Assembly compartment structures, respectively themselves. The installation is thus (namely, from top to bottom)that during installation bays are directly inside the shaft, and the work can be done from the top on the ceiling of the shaft, outside of the shaft, so that there is a high degree of protection of labour and the quality of work during construction, at the same time does not require transport of material in the shaft and the production of works in the shaft during erection compartment structures, which reduces costs and increases the safety of the works, and at the same time due to the fact that directly can be supplied pre-assembled modules which they can directly be mounted, so, due, at least partially, the possibility of pre-Assembly, depending on the available transport infrastructure, installation of compartments structures can be produced quickly and economically. The following technical solution of the invention provides that the construction is a building, preferably underground Parking (underground) warehouse, particularly preferably automated Parking system or (underground) storage. It is against such previously described types of buildings, their construction method of high-rise building in Central urban areas, often in urban planning reasons or due to the lack of suitable land impossible. A preferred manner, the invention provides that necessary for operation of underground building functional areas can be integrated into the subsequently erected above or an existing building. Thus there is a possibility of reuse of the land, the integration of the mine facilities in the aboveground building and/or use it as a base. The following technical solution of the invention provides that the shaft deepen mining method by drilling and blasting, with drilling Streptococcus the th machine is full and/or partial cut and/or shield penetration. Also, in severe geological conditions may apply other mining methods, such as drilling freeze method or the like. Particularly preferably the use of automated drilling staleprokatchiki machines with partial or full cut, with which it is also possible sinking of the shaft below the line of ground water and, thereby, directly in the groundwater without the ingress of groundwater. The following technical solution of the invention provides that the hole in the ceiling made with the possibility of closing, thereby there is a possibility to perform overlap all steps prior to the installation of separate compartments, set to be mounting compartment on the underneath armirovannyj compartment and connect with him, to connect the corresponding subject mounting (top) compartment with a lifting/lowering device, loosen retiree device, reopen the hole, to raise, lower the entire structure to a height just mounted compartment, armirovat and continue the method, or, alternatively, to connect to the completion of these compartments with the lifting/lowering device, to raise, to reopen the hole, install the compartment on the underneath armirovannyj compartment and connect and continue the method. Trace the abuser technical solution of the invention provides, that lifting and lowering takes place by means of a lifting/lowering device at least one actuator and the connection means or propulsion at least one rope, threaded thrust and/or a toothed rack. Through this connecting means or mover can be a simple way to safely climb and descent when directed movement. Thus, it is preferable if the hole is provided by a jumper, which is located above the reference frame of the lifting/lowering device. Further, it is preferable that the phase of construction and lifting/lowering device provided by the auxiliary frame, which, particularly preferably, is connected with the connecting means or the driving force. Through subframe simple way you can create a connection between the working chamber and a lifting/lowering device, when the auxiliary frame is simultaneously performs the functions of purposeful conduct, smoothing and/or levelling. The following technical solution of the invention provides that retiree device provide directly under the ceiling, on the ceiling or on the Foundation of the mine facilities. Thus, it can be armirovat located in the shaft compartment facility is Oia and simultaneously to close above her hole, so work on the installation of the next compartment structure may be held in a secure area, so that, for example, working people are protected from falling into the pit. It is also possible that part of the structure extends out of the shaft and that the overlap of the shaft is below. Then here directly above the earth's surface is mounted next compartment structures and then immediately try to connect to the lifting/lowering device for lowering the structure for mounting the next compartment. Preferably, if the arresting using ureteroscope device is produced by resistant to bending bars, flat bars, wedges, pins and/or mounting of shoes that are particularly preferred are movable. Thus provided that can achieve a sufficiently large holding force, and at the same time retiree device has a simple structure. This facilitates the manipulation and maintenance. The following technical solution of the invention provides that the bottom of the shaft protects from gornotekhnicheskaja loads, water and the like. At the same time is preferred that either the mine shaft, or in the area of the shaft provides the Foundation for the perceptual load of the lower compartment with the structures and thus, also for fastening the lower compartment of the buildings in this area of the shaft. Further, preferably, it is possible that the shaft is also provided a guide that directs compartment structures when lowering/lifting. So the easiest way is ensured that the compartments structures can be reliably, on the one hand, through the desired movement to be transported in the shaft and, on the other hand, in the slave position to result in a corresponding end position. Thus we can talk about the rail system. Alternatively, it may be provided by such systems, such as rollers, which take immediate direction relative to the wall of the shaft and is made with the rearrangement, if necessary, electromehanichesky or electrohydraulic. Alternatively, you can implement managed laser, without the use of rails, hydraulic lowering. In this pre-installation guide or simultaneous movement of the guides may be missing. Lowering/lifting is carried out at low speed and, if possible, smoothly, in order to ensure the correct location inside the shaft and to prevent unacceptable deformation. The following technical solution of the invention provides that on Pervomaiski structures (the lower Bay structures) provided at least one connecting section for arresting structure on the Foundation. This enables a reliable connection of the compartments of the structure on the Foundation. At the same time is preferred that at least one compartment structures after installation compartments structures connected with the wall of the shaft. This ensures a reliable position of the compartments structures in the shaft. The following technical solution of the invention provides that provides/provides system supply and exhaust ventilation and/or the power supply system and/or other drainage system Parking pallet or Parking places for cars, heating systems installation, a working Elevator, installation for cleaning pallets, lighting system and/or electronic sensors, the system/systems are installed, preferably, by sections, particularly preferably, in the installation compartment structures. On the one hand by means of this, you may everything required for subsequent operation of the construction elements set already during the installation of separate compartments facilities, which make subsequent mounting of the activities inside the building and, thus, within the scope of a shaft may be missing. This increases the safety of the installation for all involved in the Assembly of persons and quality of installation. At the same time it is also possible at this time to foresee and see ndirovatj such subsequent operational elements, such as, for example, Parking floors, first of all, the guide rails for Parking pallets, platforms for Parking to be stored by cars or other goods or the like, the wiring and piping of technical systems, so that with the completion of the lower compartments facilities General Assembly of the system is largely completed. The following technical solution of the invention provides that the overlap of the shaft after mounting compartments structures are removed, and preferably mounted lock shaft. Further, it is preferable that when mounted aboveground part of the construction, which is provided subsequent operation and subsequent maintenance of the facilities. Next, on the basis of the drawing detail a particularly preferred exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention. It is shown: Figure 1-6: the cross section of the side view of the individual steps of the production shaft, 7: a top view of the elevated scope mounting Fig: section installed overhead compartment of buildings, Figure 9: cross-section of the elevated scope mounting Figure 10: view of Fig mounted Parking system, and 11 and 12: cross section of the completely assembled automatic Parking system. On-site 20 is La the erection of structures arranged the Foundation 22. Then installed drilling staleprokatchika machine, in this case vertical drilling staleprokatchika machine by the method of partial slice, which consists of the aerial parts 24 and the underground part 25, and then starts driving shaft 30. During the deepening of the shaft 30 is arranged a support 27. As soon as the shaft 30 when the recess is line 21 groundwater, the shaft 30 is filled with groundwater 23. The underground portion of the drill staleprokatchiki machine 25 is designed for such use (figure 2). After deepening of the shaft, for example, to a depth of 60-100 m (larger or smaller depths and large diameters possible for buildings, especially warehouses with a reduced frequency of replacement of stored objects), and for the complete finishing of the shaft 30, the underground portion of the drill staleprokatchiki machine 25 is removed and the bottom 26 of the shaft is closed by a concrete plug 28 (Fig 3). Then in the shaft 23 30 water is pumped (figure 4) and the bottom 26 of the shaft is closed by a shield 29 (figure 5). Then arranged through the support 29 of the bottom shaft concrete stub 28 and the rock is set anchor bracket 31. Then on shaft 30 is installed to overlap 32. On the ceiling 32 is a support 33, which are part of jumpers 34, p and this jumper 34 on the perimeter has a bearing beams 35 jumpers as frame, for leveling rely on adjustable legs 33. In the supporting beams 35 jumpers openings are provided, which play the role of guide 38. Through these guides 38 are thrust 37, which are connected with the auxiliary frame 36 via a connector 39. By means of the rod 37 of the auxiliary frame 36 can be moved up and down. Instead of rods or in addition to the use of hydraulic cylinders double-acting (not shown). Alternatively, you can use rope, threaded rods or gear racks. Thrust 37 is connected with a drive means (not shown), which is produced by the movement. On the lower side of the auxiliary frame 36 are fasteners 44, which connects the compartment 40 constructions with the auxiliary frame. Compartment 40 buildings in the example run is made in the form of a steel structure consisting of beams 41, 43 and the supports 42. For the first compartment structure element structure, for example a plate, provided with connecting means (not shown)which connects with the Foundation of a building, the bottom 26 of the shaft or the shaft wall or lining, and then builds the structure. The control structures are installed bearings 42 and fixed. These supports 42 are connected with beams 41, 43, the ri data beams then form the end of the compartment 40 of the structure. By means of fasteners 44 of the auxiliary frame 36 is connected with the upper bearing plane. By placing the rod 37 compartment 40 buildings fall and through aretruly device 57 is fixed in its lowered position so that it cannot fall in the shaft 30. Then mount 44 of the auxiliary frame 36 are detached, and the auxiliary frame 36 by means of the rod 37 is again moved upward. The auxiliary frame 36 by means of fasteners 39 are connected with the rods 37. Then the hole overlap shaft 32 is closed (not shown). The next compartment 40 of the facility or supplied in modular form and is located in the area of the shaft or compartment 40 of the shaft is made of separate supports 42 and beams 41, 43 on the spot. Then the compartment 40 buildings connected with the auxiliary frame 36 by means of fasteners 44. After that, the hole in the ceiling of the shaft opens again, and a new compartment 40 buildings goes on underneath it mounted to his compartment 46 of the structure and connected to it. Alternatively, the upper end is omitted compartments facility is closed over the hole of the shaft so that the upper end is above the ceiling. Then the next compartment 40 buildings directly connected with the upper end or arranged directly n the upper end of the separate supports 42 and beams 41, 43 in place. Then the auxiliary frame 36 is connected with the compartment 40 structures by means of fasteners 44. After that, in both cases retiree device 57 is weakened, and the compartment 40 of the building from underneath the compartment 40 of the building again lowered and, as only the top plane will approach the area, arresting, retirees using ureteroscope device 57. The compartments 40 or 46 facilities also are mounted respective other design groups and nodes of a lifting-transport equipment, electrical equipment and engineering equipment in the building. Part of the compartment 40 buildings is the air intake duct 51 and the exhaust duct 53. Starting from the supply duct 51 in the direction of the exhaust duct 53, respectively, after a certain number of compartments structures, for example two or three, provided the distributor 52 of the fresh air and the point 52 of the extrusion. The dispenser 52 fresh air and the point 52 of the extrusion can also be interleaved. In addition, the compartment 40 facility is equipped with a working area of the Elevator 55 and staircase 56. Additionally, mine design 27 is provided by a staircase from the brackets 56 as an emergency route. In addition, the compartment 40 of the structures has an opening 50 for an Elevator, which later will be located the Elevator and Park the Noah system. On the separate compartments structures, for example on rails (not shown)are made with the possibility of transportation Parking spaces 59. The lift has a platform 58 of the Elevator, which then guides out of the Elevator. Parking space 59 is formed in the same compartment structure level 60 Parking system 60. At certain distances from each compartment 40 structure has an intermediate level 47. This intermediate level can alternatively or later to gain a foothold between the building and the wall of the shaft or intermediate level 47 is provided as a direct part of the compartment 40 facilities and together with other queue structures is lowered into the pit. To ensure the exact location of the compartments 40, 46 structures in the shaft 30 may be provided for guiding system consisting of separate guides that provide precise direction. Itself guiding system can be an integral part of the structure, whereby the structure is additionally secured in the shaft 30. After final erection of buildings in the shaft 30 some or all of the compartments structures can additionally be connected with the support shaft 27 in order to additionally increase so the spine (not shown). On 11 and 12 are shown located in the shaft 30 of the automatic Parking system. After placing separate compartments 40, 46 facilities and intermediate levels 47 in the shaft 30 overlap 32 is removed and mounted mine shutter 32. Mine shutter 32 is located essentially at the height of the surface 63 of the ground. Mine shutter 32 also has an opening coinciding with the shaft vertical shaft lift 50 automatic Parking system. Above this hole ground built building 61 in the form of a transmission cab automatic Parking system.
1. The method of construction of underground structures, characterized in that 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the structure is a building, preferably underground Parking or underground warehouse, particularly preferably underground automatic Parking system or underground automatic warehouse. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft deepen mining method by drilling and blasting, with drilling staleprokatchiki machine full and/or partial cut and/or shield penetration. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hole in the ceiling made with the possibility of closing. 5. The method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the lifting and lowering happen by means of a lifting/lowering device at least one actuator and the connection means or propulsion at least one rope, threaded thrust and/or a toothed rack. 6. The method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that between the section of the building and lifting/lowering device to provide an auxiliary frame. 7. The method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the lifting/lowering device has a stationary p is Remick through the hole. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the arresting takes place by means of wedges, pins and/or retaining the shoes, which, preferably, are movable. 9. The method according to one of claims 1 to 4, to 8, characterized in that retiree device provide directly under the ceiling, on the ceiling or on the Foundation of the mine facilities. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft provide the Foundation for the structure. 11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft provide a guide that directs compartments structures when lowering/lifting. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the guide becomes part of the structure. 13. The method according to one of p-12, characterized in that the first compartment structures provide at least one connecting section for arresting structure on the Foundation. 14. The method according to one of claims 1 to 4, 8, 10-12, characterized in that at least one compartment structures after installation compartments structures connected with the wall of the shaft. 15. The method according to one of claims 1 to 4, 8, 10-12, characterized in that it provides a system of supply and exhaust ventilation systems and/or supply system, the system/system install, preferably, by sections, particularly preferably at the mo is the same compartment structures. 16. The method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the overlapping after installation is complete, remove. 17. The method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the mount lock shaft. 18. The method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that for structures erected aboveground part of the plant.
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