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Method of ultrasonic testing of technical wood Invention relates to the method of ultrasonic testing of technical wood in the form of chucks, for instance, special logs in the form of resonant chucks, and may be used in certification of wood under conditions of lumbering, forestry and wood processing with control of chucks quality under different conditions of their storage, and also in engineering ecology during assessment of ecological quality of area by values of ultrasonic speed of wood in chucks logged in this area. The method includes storage of technical wood in the form of chucks with natural drying in stacks until stable moisture content is achieved, application of radial lines with marks onto ends of the chuck, installation of sensors of an ultrasonic device relative to marks at the ends, measurement of ultrasonic parameters of wood along the chuck at the marks. Directly in the stack at the ends of the tested chuck in addition to radial lines with marks they apply two lines in the form of concentric circumferences that mark near-core, ripe-wood and sapwood zones. Sensors of the ultrasonic device are installed relative to approximately symmetric marks at the ends of the chuck. After measurements they identify laws in change of ultrasonic parameters of wood along the chuck. |
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Method of dynamic balancing manipulator forest machinery and device for its implementation Invention relates to manipulator forest machines, and also can be used in the module designs of machines of multi industry use: excavators, agricultural, earthmoving, peat, reclamation, water, mining, construction, road building, weight-handling and other machines with manipulators and working elements on them. The method comprises the pivotal mounting of the manipulator equipment on the racks in front of the full-circle-swinging platform with counterweight. The counterweight is divided to at least two parts and mounted pivotally on the full-circle-swinging platform. For rotation in the plane of the full-circle-swinging platform the counterweight parts are pivotally connected with the kinematic mechanism to the manipulator boom. The device comprises the full-circle-swinging platform on which racks in front the manipulator boom is pivotally connected. Inside the manipulator boom having shanks on their ends the main thrust of the kinematic mechanism is pivotally connected. The second end of the main thrust is pivotally connected to the adapter. The adapter on two vertical hinges two auxiliary thrusts are attached, which second ends are pivotally attached to the sides of two parts of the counterweight. |
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Method for analysis of birch crown and growth place on ravine slope Invention relates to dendrometry and may be used for development of environmental and climatic technologies as well as during dentroecological monitoring of ravine net development and land usage efficiency promotion. The analysis method includes selection of a sample forest belt with trees arranged along it. With each birch within the sample belt along the ravine slope one measures the crown height and the local slope angle across the common slope at the tree stump. For analysis of growth and development of the crown of a birch growing on the slope, one identifies the interrelation between the bitch crown height and the local slope angle at its growth place through statistic modelling relying on the multiple measured parameters of the birch crown height and the local slope angle at its growth place. |
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In this method the sand is fixed by planting large-sized seedlings of eurotia using the side-scenes from cane fibre boards. The work is carried out on the open sands using grey eurotia as sand binding culture. Forage Kochia, Siberian wheatgrass are seeded under protection against pouring the side-scenes from eurotia. At that the large-sized eurotia seedlings are planted by planter along the axes of the tapes. Then to protect the grey eurotia seedlings against pouring with sand the cane fibre boards are used, stacked with support on each other along the rows. |
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Head of timber harvesting machine Invention relates to a head of timber harvesting machine, which comprises a frame of the head of timber harvesting machine, to be connected with the end of the lifting boom of the machine for work in the forest, a feeding device for moving a tree trunk, a front knife and/or the upper knives for limbing in front of the feeding device, a transverse cutting device for cutting trunks after the feeding device, and the lower knife for limbing between the feeding device and the transverse cutting device mounted on the side of the transverse cutting device on the frame of the head of the timber harvesting machine. In the head of the timber harvesting machine the lower knife for limbing is made with the ability of turning to a position for limbing around the tree trunk and the position of saving space between the outer surface of the tree trunk and the frame of the head of timber harvesting machine in the direction from the path of the tree trunk. In the position of saving space the lower knife for limbing is located between the outer surface of the tree trunk and the frame of the head of timber harvesting machine so that its end points in the direction of the head frame of the timber harvesting machine, at that at least its part extends above the path of the tree trunk. The lower knife for limbing is located after the feeding devices on the head frame in the recess so that it can be rotated in the recess substantially imperceptible from the side of the front knife and the upper knives for limbing. The lower knife for limbing is made with the ability to move by the hydraulic cylinder. |
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Method of creation of shelter belts Method comprises treatment of the soil for planting trees with a definite distance in the areas of direct location of rows of trees planted in the tree belt area to the width, the value of which depends on the desired area of feeding of various species of trees and is determined by the formula: B=πD2/4L, where B is the width of zone of the processed soil for planting rows of trees in the tree belt area; D is the diameter of the feeding area of the tree and its root expansion system when ploughing soil across the width of the tree belt area with inclusion of inter-row spacings and edges; L is the length of the feeding area of the tree and its root expansion system in soil treatment directly at the locations of rows of plants, adequate feeding area when ploughing soil across the width of the tree belt area. When soil treatment and planting tree belt area the form of the transverse profile of the soil surface of the tree belt area is formed and maintained under agro-technical care: in the rows of trees - concave moisture-accumulating in the form of recesses, and between rows - convex drainage-forming, in the form of a rampart, which shape is determined by the following formulas: - concave h i r = h max r ⋅ sin { π [ x − L b ( n − 1 ) ] L r } , - convex h i r = h max r ⋅ sin { π [ x − L r − L b ( n − 1 ) ] L b − L r } , where hir is the current value of recess in a row of the tree belt area; hmaxr is the maximum value of recess in a row of the tree belt area; Lr is the width of the of recess in a row; hir is the current value of the height of the rampart between rows of the tree belt area; hmaxr is the maximum height of the rampart between rows; Lb is the width between rows; Lb-Lr is the width of the rampart between rows of the tree belt area; x is the current value of the coordinate projections of recess and the rampart to axis x; n is the number of branch of the sine wave, depending on the number of rows in the tree belt area, can be n=1, 2, 3 …. |
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Device for chemical tree surgery Device relates to forestry and is intended for elimination of inferior hardwood at tree surgery. Proposed device comprises frame composed of rectangular plate with side slot for tree. Stationary blade of cutting unit is fixed by bolts at lateral side of said slot while bearing assembly is bolted to said frame perpendicular to said slot for shaft to run in plain bearing. Cutter unit moving blade is rigidly fixed at one of the shaft free ends while chemical solution feed mechanism is secured at opposite end. |
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Method for machine guidance on object Method includes processing position indication by operator and further movement of machine and/or its parts and/or process operation performance at the indicated position. Object processing position coordinates are determined according to indicated by operator points of processing position on processing area images which are obtained from at least two video cameras with known position, angles of their direction and focal distances of their lenses at the moment of indication. |
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Method of transformation of derived softwood planting to dark coniferous Invention relates to forest husbandry, in particular to felling, including specialised kind of felling. The method comprises a cycle of felling. The term of the first felling of the softwood species is determined by the formula: y=0.01x2-0.8x+29.1, where y is the age of undergrowth of spruce and fir, with which it is necessary to carry out the first felling; x is the age of softwood species at the time of emergence of undergrowth of spruce and fir, and the term of carrying out the last multistage felling when felling transformation in spruce forest is carried out in the interval of the tree age of the second tier of 40-65 years, in which in the first stage from the first tier the most developed trees of the softwood species are felled the best and the supportive from the categories. |
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System and employment method for forwarder front rack Invention relates to cargo-carrying machine, in particular to log forwarder. The machine includes front rack assembly connected with machine frame. The front rack assembly includes immovable shield which is pivotally connected with frame, as well as movable shield being in sliding engagement with the immovable shield. Linear actuator pivotally connects movable shield with frame using the first and the second pin joints. Linear actuator pushes the movable shield out and in relative to immovable shield when front rack assembly is in operative position. Linear actuator is additionally made capable to selectively tilt the front rack assembly relative to frame when the front rack assembly is in service position. Proposed method of machine employment comprises the following stages: creation of arm of force couple tending to rotate front rack assembly relative to frame when force is applied to front rack assembly by linear actuator; limiting rotational motion of front rack assembly relative to frame when front rack assembly is in operative position; pushing out the movable shield relative to immovable shield due to moving-out of linear actuator when front rack assembly is in operative position; pushing in the movable shield relative to immovable shield due to moving-in of linear actuator when front rack assembly is in operative position. |
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Method of determining damage of mountain valley by mudslide In the method, damage is evaluated from absence of trees and shrubs at the bottom of a valley and the presence of native old-age tree strata on upper-lying slopes. Later - from the presence, at the bottom of the valley, of even-age, young trees and shrubs, and subsequently, with aging thereof, - from the numerical dominance of trees in the old age group over any other age group; and from the presence of mass damage to the bark and woody tissue on trunks of trees growing on the foot of the slop of the valley. The width of the zone of damage of the valley is measured from the distance between peripheral damaged trees on the cross-section of the valley; the height of damage on the valley sides is measured from the top level of damages on tree trunks. The date of the disaster is determined using the formula: n=n2-n1, where: n is the number of annual rings which corresponds to the number of years since the valley was damaged by the mudslide; n2 is the number of annual rings on a radius passing through undamaged parts of the tree trunk; n1 is the number of annual rings on a radius passing through the damaged area of the tree trunk. |
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Method of determining affection of mountain valley with avalanche stream Method comprises phytoindication on age of woody vegetation. Determination of the upper limit of affection of a mountain valley with avalanche stream, at which avalanching no vegetation is left on the slopes of the valley, is carried out by measuring the difference in height between the bottom of the valley and the lower limit of the phytometer - autochthonous birch forests, which grow over the affected slope; assessment of date of affection is determined by measuring the amount of annual rings on wood cores drilled by the age-related borer, or on transverse saw cuts at the base of trunks at the level of root collar of the largest trees in the newly formed growing stocks, renewable in the affected area lower the autochthonous birch forests. |
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Marking device and logging plant Invention relates to marking device for application of code marks on timber. Marking device comprises several adjustable marking components each including marking element to apply the mark on timber piece that can be displaced between different positions or states so that a version of code mark can be applied by said marking device. At least one of said marking components comprises rotary marking element that can apply asymmetric mark on timber piece and be set at different turning position relative to marking elements of the other marking components. Invention covers also logging plant with above described device. |
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Method of restoration of number of populations of common yew Invention relates to agriculture. The method is provided for restoring the number of populations of common yew, based on veneer grafting the cuttings or saddle grafting, at that in the crown of male dioecious species of woody plants the cuttings if female dioecious species of woody plants are grafted. |
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Motors and devices for working of trees Invention relates to forestry, particularly, to logging machines. Motor comprises mechanism to drive the wheel, case and linear and angular displacement transducer. Wheel serves to catch the tree part. Said mechanism is arranged in the casing. Said transducer engaged with said mechanism serves to generate the signal with data of tree length caught by said wheel. Said transducer is arranged in the casing. Logging machine processing device comprises the wheel, motor and processing appliance. Wheel serves to catch the tree part. Motor comprises mechanism to drive the wheel, case and linear and angular displacement transducer. Said transducer engaged with said mechanism serves to generate the signal with data of tree length caught by said wheel. Said transducer is arranged in the casing. Processing appliance is engaged with said transducer and serves for processing purposes. |
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Method of microclonal reproduction of black alder in vitro In the method they cultivate callus cultures from sterile explants of stem segments, leaves, leaf stakes. Basic nutrient media are used, such as Murasige-Skuga and Woody Plant Medium with content and ratio of growth regulators: 6-benzylaminopurine - 0.2-1.5 mg/l, α-naphthyl acetic acid - 0.2-0.5 mg/l, indolebutyric acid - 2 mg/l. Further adaptation is carried out with light of 2000 lux and nutrient mode of regenerants in a greenhouse with production of planting material for forest cultures. |
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Method of joint growing of oak-coniferous species with quality wood Method of joint growing of oak-coniferous species with quality wood comprises band tillage with subsoiling and planting of the main species in rows with alternating brush and the associated species. Simultaneously three main species are grown - pine, spruce and oak. Between the rows of pine and oak a buffer row of foliage species and rows of spruce are located. At the age of 5 years, the selection of high quality trees with cutting branches in the lower part of crown is carried out, and the impurity of regrowth is removed. At the age of 15 years, in the quality trees the pruning of dead branches and living non-assimilating branches is carried out. |
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Invention relates to the forest industry and forestry and can be used when performing logging operations. The method includes partitioning logging areas for cutting blocks, which territory is divided into five bands: runway, two bands adjacent to the runway, two bands removed from the runway, and provides tree felling and limbing using chainsaws and tree skidding using timber harvesting machine. Limbing is performed on the runway from trees felled the crown on the runway, and from trees skidded to the runway by the manipulator machine in a suspended position. |
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Feller device for felling and limbing on tree trunks and blade for limbing Device comprises a delimbing blade, a first, second and third joints, and a drive. The blade is made with a cutting edge, when it is fed in its longitudinal direction past the delimbing blade. The first joint with the axis of rotation transverse to the said longitudinal direction, by which the blade is attached to the feller device with the ability to rotate. The drive is made with a cylinder, through which the blade is moved at least in two different positions. The drive is connected to the blade through the second joint. The drive with the cylinder is placed almost parallel to the line passing through the first and second joints, so that the drive with the cylinder and the third joint belonging to it for connection are arranged in the area between the first and second joint. The feller device comprises at least a frame structure, close to which the trunk is placed, when the trunk is fed in the longitudinal direction through the feller device during delimbing, the delimbing blade, the drive with the cylinder, the first, second and third joints. The frame structure has a front surface, which is located in the frame structure and is transverse to the said longitudinal direction. The delimbing blade is fixed to the front surface of the frame structure and has a cutting edge for delimbing the trunk when it is fed through the feller device. The device also has a first joint, by which the blade is attached to the front surface with the ability of rotation. The first joint has a rotation axis transverse to the said longitudinal direction. The cutting blade of the edge can be rotated to a distance from the trunk. Moving at least in two different positions is carried out by drive with the cylinder. The drive with the hydraulic cylinder through the second joint is connected to the blade. The drive with the cylinder by the third joint is connected to the front surface (2a) of the felling device, so that all the said joints are placed on the same side of the front surface. |
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Method of wood chips from felling site to processing site Proposed method comprises harvesting the timber by harvester, transfer of low-grade timber and felling debris to loading station by the machine, cutting of low-grade timber and felling debris with the help of cutting machine with hopper and transfer of wood chips from felling site. Transportation of wood chips from felling site is performed with the help of elastic plastic pipelines and electrically driven blowers supplied by mini thermal electric power stations, wind mills and solar batteries located along the pipeline. |
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Method of selective timber harvesting and transportation Proposed method comprises felling and transporting the wood by felling mechanisms, winches, dragging tractors and cable system with mid supports. Closed cable system is operated jointly with dragging tractors. Cable system is driven by winch mounted on truck chassis via sprockets mounted in one plane at truck axles and winch drum and allows chain gearing tension. |
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Method of creation of forest shelter belts Invention relates to the field of forestry, in particular to agroforestry. The method includes preparing the soil, marking the site, planting the nursery plants of tree and shrub species in blocks and care for them. At that planting of nursery plants is carried out with alternating longitudinal blocks of tree and shrub species which are located in the reafforesting areas of plantations in chequerwise manner. At that one edge row of neighbouring longitudinal blocks of tree species is planted as a general one, central in the plantation. |
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Combined method of highland logging block working with production of assortments Invention relates to timber felling and can be used at highland logging blocks. Proposed method comprises felling, delimbing, block cutting, forming and displacing of assortments to loading site. Harvester is used for delimbing and block cutting. Harvester is used to process not only trees it felt but also those felt by feller for concentration of piles of assortments from large area of cutting per one pass of harvester. Concentration of piles of assortments is performed nearby the logging axis while their displacement is executed by as-suspended rope skidding machine. |
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Device for relocation of undergrowth Device comprises two identical gripping jaws mounted on the supporting frame with the ability of their rotation about the horizontal axis of rotation passing through the bearing housing of the device, the hydraulic cylinder of the gripping jaws. On the bearing housing the screw is mounted having the ability of rotation around its vertical axis. At the base of the housing a support platform is mounted. Each of the gripping jaws is formed by vertically mounted forks curved at different radii, parallel to each other in horizontal plane. Each of the gripping jaws has the shape of a part of the sphere. The part of the sphere is limited by two planes that pass through the horizontal axis of rotation of the gripping jaws and form an angle of less than 90°. In the closed position of the gripper jaws the lowest point on the screw axis is in the horizontal plane tangent to the gripping jaws. When the maximum open position of the gripping jaws their lower points are located in the same horizontal plane with the lower part of the support platform. |
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Invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to forest growing. The method comprises preforming of ridge, on which then sowing seeds is carried out followed by cultivation of seedlings. Before forming the ridge the microrelief is created on the soil, on which the film is laid, creating microcavities. Then, sidewalls are created, and the substrate is poured into the formed cavity, on which the seeds are sown and covered prior to seedlings with light-nontransmission material. The seeds are also sown on the ridge with increased seeding rate, and the sidewalls of the ridge are made of large-fractional material. |
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Mutual position of feeder wheels are defined as tree stem cross-section magnitude. Position of delimber blade relative to tree stem is defined as the magnitude of additional cross-section of tree stem. Said additional size makes, in fact a right angle with the first cross-section. Tree stem cross-section thickness is calculated proceeding from said two magnitudes of cross-sections. Delimber blade is driven around tree stem by, for example, hydraulic cylinder. Delimber blade turn position is defined by position indicator built in hydraulic cylinder. Signal of said indicator is transmitted to computer of control unit. Device to define cross-section thickness of tree stem fed to delimber unit comprises feeder tree stem gripping wheels and delimber blade thrusting against the stem, sensor to define the position of said wheels as the tree stem cross-section magnitude. It comprises position indicator built in drive composed by hydraulic cylinder to define delimber blade turn position. Delimber blade is driven around tree stem by, for example, hydraulic cylinder. Said delimber blade turn position is defined by hydraulic cylinder piston rod extension. |
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Method of planting shelter forests Method comprises creation of planting furrow (gap), lowering of root systems of the seedlings in it and embedding of them with soil. Before embedding of the root systems of seedlings with soil in the zone of their placing and directly on them the hydrogel is fed in batches. After embedding of the root systems of seedlings with soil on its surface symmetrically on both sides along the row of plants planted in bands with width a=15-25 cm and the distance between them of 5-8 cm the binder is applied. The binder creates a coating on the soil in the form of film. |
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Method of development of logging areas using machines of manipulative type Method comprises division of logging areas to swaths with technological corridors and passes to semi-swaths, tree felling in swaths using a machine of manipulative type for shortwood logging, limbing, block cutting. Between the technological corridors and the borders of the passes to the semi-swaths an auxiliary corridor is placed at a distance of the manipulator handling radius from the borders of the passes to the semi-swaths and the middle of the technological corridors. The assortments harvested in the auxiliary technological corridor are displaced to the technological corridors and the borders of the passes to the semi-swaths. |
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Method of harvesting wood resources Method of harvesting wood resources is that the trees are fixed, uprooted and subsequently hauled. The trees are manually marked, at that the grabbing-separating device is turned to the trees, they are uprooted and hauled in automatic mode for one technological pass. |
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Device for planting seedlings of forest structures Device comprises a rod with a handle and a working element. The device is provided with a "П"-shaped frame. The frame comprises wedge-shaped side blades with supports for the legs, interconnected by a shaft which is mounted inside the housing of the rotary mechanism with the stopper. On the housing a rack with a handle is mounted, which is made in the form of two sleeves interconnected by angle joints. Inside the rack a movable rod is placed on one of the free ends of which the working element is fixed in the form of a rectangular plate with a cutting wedge, and between the sleeves there is a removable handle. |
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Device for harvesting wood resources Device comprises an aircraft and technological equipment. The technological equipment includes a gripping-separating device. The aircraft is provided with a device for tree getting, preliminary labeled by the sensor of spatial orientation so that this operation can be performed automatically. The gripping-separating device is made with the ability to perform the operation of tree gripping, its separation, fixation, skidding and uncoupling in the automatic mode for a single service passage. |
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Method of forest exploitation lies in the fact that tree felling and subsequent replanting of undergrowth is carried out mechanically. Excavation of undergrowth is carried out with soil from the path of travel of the vehicle. Tree felling and replanting of undergrowth with the soil is carried out simultaneously per one service passage with use of felling-and-bunching machine equipped with the undergrowth excavating equipment. |
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Timber cutting equipment for harvesting timber Timber cutting equipment comprises gripping elements (2) for holding a tree trunk, a cutting device (3) for cross-cutting the tree trunk held by the gripping elements (2) and a marking device (10) for applying identification marking on the end surface of the tree trunk crosscut end. The marking device (10) comprises a striking lever (11) equipped with an striking head (12) at its outer free end. The marking device (10) comprises an actuating element (30, 30', 30") for actuating the striking lever (11). The striking lever (11) can be rotated around the axis of rotation (14) under the action of the actuating element (30, 30', 30") from the inoperative position to the striking position in order thereby to allow the striking head (12) to strike on the end surface of the crosscut end of the tree trunk for applying identification marking on the end surface. |
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Method of development of fire affected forestlands Method includes separating the trunks from the root system and consists of two stages of timber skidding. At the first stage skidding is carried out by winch through the cargo unit, and at the second - after limbing and tree length bucking on assortments using a device for holding the movable timber. At the first stage the fire affected trees are treated in groups. The first group includes fallen trees with the root system freed from the soil by choking and skidding them to some distance from the place of choking followed by separation of the trunk from the root system, such as with a power saw. The second group includes the fallen trees that have root system bonded with the soil, which trunk part is initially separated from the root system, such as with a power saw, with its subsequent choking and skidding to the final point of the first stage. The third group includes trees that have the root system connection with the ground and rest by the top on the trees standing next to them, which are first choked at a distance of 1.5-2 m from the root system, then a rope is pulled by the winch, providing tree landing to the predetermined position. After landing, the trunk is separated from the root system, such as with a power saw, followed by skidding to the final point of the first stage. Once all the trees are skidded to the final point of the first stage, limbing and bucking on assortments is carried out. |
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Method of producing curved and round billets from timber Invention relates to construction and can be used in woodworking for production of furniture components and small wood house building. Site of forced bending of growing wood of knots is cleaned. Two-section curvilinear template is installed at said site. Press bending force is created with periodicity and of appropriate force to be applied to wood in growth period. Trunk is cross cut over the length to curvilinear and round billets. |
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In the method before starting work the parameter points are set to control the machine. Then, the operator specifies the direction to the object with simultaneous measurements of at least one angle of direction to the object relative to the base direction followed by the automated control of the machine motions and/or its moving elements. |
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Method of storing up assortments and packets of branches in felling area Method comprises tree felling, delimbing and cross-cutting of trees to assortments by feller-delimber-buncher, production in the cutting area of packets of logging wastes, hauling of assortments and packets of logging wastes to the upper storage by the short log truck. Processing of packets of logging wastes is carried out by feller-delimber-buncher, equipped with a device for accumulation of brunches and device for pressing branches to packets. The operations of accumulation and pressing of branches to packets are combined in time with operations of delimbing and cross-cutting of trees. |
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Invention relates to forestry industry, in particular to devices for forming recess-platform around stumps and their purification from the soil within the depth of the platform. The platform-maker comprises a frame with working bodies placed on it, drive and transmission. The frame is made reverse-rotational at an angle of ±410°. The working bodies are made as rotors with radially located rippers-purifiers on the horizontal axis of rotation. The rotors are connected to the frame by means of hinged four-link suspensions with double-rod hydraulic cylinder located between them, changing the distance between the rotors, depending on the diameter of the stump. The rippers-purifiers are made flexible, of round section. |
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Machine includes a self-propelled chassis and a trailer, on which the process equipment is installed, containing cutting equipment placed across the width of the harvester, the mechanism of tree tilting off a stump and cradle devices. The equipment rack and the trailer are connected with a device, allowing them to move relative to each other along vertical, horizontal, longitudinal and lateral axes. The equipment rack and the trailer equipped with devices of independent longitudinal movement relative to the vertical axis. The device of independent longitudinal movement comprises a slide mounted in the guides with the possibility of longitudinal displacement of actuators, for example, hydraulic cylinders. Some of the guides are rigidly connected to the trailer or the self-propelled chassis, and others are pivotally connected to the trailer or the self-propelled chassis in a rotating manner around a transverse horizontal axis. Cutting equipment and machinery for tilting a tree off a stump are installed in front of the self-propelled chassis with the possibility of longitudinal movement relative to the self-propelled chassis with a device similar to the device of independent longitudinal movement of the self-propelled chassis and trailer. The drive mechanism for tilting a tree off a stump, e.g. a spring, is with one end fixed to the slides. Cradle devices are installed on the trailer. |
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Claw-like felling unit comprises a housing on which the grippers are mounted, a cutting-off mechanism and a lever jack. The lever jack is pivotally connected to the hydraulic cylinder and is equipped with a cutting knife. The jack comprises two double-armed levers mounted one above the other. The lower lever is located horizontally, and the lower arm of the upper lever is mounted in the initial position relative to the lower lever at an angle α≥90°. Both levers are pivotally interconnected with one ends and secured pivotally with their middle parts on the housing. The fulcrum of the lower lever is made with the ability of simultaneous rotational and translational motion. |
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Device for chokerless skidding Device comprises a frame, a grapple with two tines and hydraulic cylinder of the open-side grapple mounted on a hinged system of the tractor. The hinged system of the tractor comprises an upper and a lower thrusts controlled by the hydraulic cylinder of the hinged mechanism of the tractor. The grapple by the double-hinged link is connected to one end of the two-arm lever pivotally mounted on the frame. Between the second free end of the two-arm lever and the frame an additional hydraulic cylinder is pivotally mounted. Between the frame and the two-arm lever the springs are mounted, fixing the two-arm lever in the neutral position and providing its turns from this position on both sides in the longitudinal plane under the influence of alternating loads from the side of the grapple. To prevent damage of the springs and the hydraulic cylinder in the extreme positions of the two-arm lever the restrictive pins are provided. |
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Rotor-thrower of multipurpose dredger Rotor-thrower comprises a bearing disc with radial blades-throwers, the housing-casing with the inlet and outlet windows, the hydraulic actuator of working elements. The bearing disc is made with installed along its perimetre double-edged chipper knives with their stepwise arrangement in height t over the disc surface and with different distance from its center, in the disc center around the axis the mouldboards with a curved surface are fixed, connected to the flat throwers radially located on the disc, made with the stepped notches on the periphery, the outlet of the housing-casing is provided with a conical valve with a branch pipe with an ejector mounted on it, as well as an air tube and a clamp of quick-detachable hose of woodchip-slurry pipeline, and on the housing-casing in front of the inlet window the machine of excavatory device is mounted adjustment-movably with cramp-shaped passive blades of root extractors-root pruners with disc splitters of soil and roots in a layer of silt. |
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Method of cable logging of wood Method lies in cable logging of timber from the apiary of the developed felling area in semi-suspended position along the route of the track cable of the cable-block system located between the rear and front masts located on opposite sides of the apiary. The front mast is mounted on the boom of the hydraulic manipulator mounted on the self-propelled chassis turntable platform, oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis of the apiary. Trailed timber is stacked at the loading point in the area of positional parking of the self-propelled chassis. After filling the timber stacks on the positional parking of the self-propelled chassis it is at easing the cables tension of the cable-block system moved to the next positional parking in the transverse direction to this apiary and in pulling the cables of the cable-block system the timber is trailed along the route of the track cable re-oriented at an acute angle to its previous route. Formation of the timber stack on the loading point is carried out in the area of the subsequent positional parking of the chassis. Logging of timber and its stacking from the apiary at each positional parking of the self-propelled chassis is carried out at a constant position on the rear mast fixed on the felling area with anchor extensions in accordance with the orientation route of the track cable on the first positional parking of the self-propelled chassis. |
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Machine for forest exploitation Machine comprises a chassis, an engine, a cab for operator, and process equipment. The process equipment includes a claw-like felling unit and is additionally provided with a device digging out the young growth. The device digging out the young growth is mounted on the claw-like felling unit with the ability to perform freely by the operator of the operation of digging out the young growth, tree felling and subsequent outplanting the young growth. |
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Method of operation of feller-delimber-bucker Method comprises gripping the standing tree with the working head of the feller-delimber-bucker, tree felling, limbing and cross-cutting of the gripped tree with creation of assortments on the felling area. In creation of assortments they are sorted by machine to assortments with barrel-butted feature and assortments with normal taper, putting assortments in separate piles. After processing all the trees of the site in the area of radius of the machine manipulator the operation of cylindering the assortments with barrel-butted feature is started, removing it. Cylindering the assortments with barrel-butted feature is performed by the cutting body built-in in the working head of the feller-delimber-bucker, at that the assortment with barrel-butted feature is rotated about its longitudinal axis, moving it along it. |
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Method of forest belt regeneration following fire Method includes sowing seeds, fruits or seedlings. A mixture of nanopowder of charcoal and soil from fire refugium is prepared at a ratio of 1:10. This mixture is brought to a creamy-consistency suspension, which is used for treating seeds, fruits or seedlings prior to planting. |
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Method and device for delimbing Invention relates to delimbing. Required flexibility of grip is set at control unit. Actual flexibility of grip is defined. Delimbing blades are adjusted by said control unit unless actual flexibility complies with required flexibility. Proposed device comprises a set of delimbing blades adapted for trunk gripping and setting the grip flexibility. Besides, it comprises actuators for repeated adjustment of delimbing blades by control unit to adapt grip state to variable trunk thickness when the trunk moves between said blades. Besides, it incorporates data input device to load required grip flexibility to control unit and transducer to define actual grip state to be outputted to control unit. |
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Method includes selecting venues of studies that meet the requirements of representativeness, placing stationary test areas and subsequent carrying out different kinds of biological monitoring of plant communities and soil covering of ecosystems at a different distance from industrial facilities. In the process of monitoring of plant communities the following is consistently performed: isolation of boundaries of stationary test areas; mapping the trees with making of a detailed plan of location of trees and shrubs; an assessment of biodiversity of tree canopy, undergrowth, underwood; determining the productivity of planting; an assessment of sanitary and medical condition of individual trees and forest stands; an assessment of qualitative condition and prospects of development of the undergrowth; analysis of dynamics of forest resources and determining the direction of successional processes in forest plantations; dendrochronological analysis of growth of the main forest-forming species; lichen-indication; geo-botanical studies of the living soil mantle; palynological studies; cytogenetic studies; morphogenetic studies of plants. In the process of monitoring of soil mantle the following is consistently performed: the breakdown of the territory for the network of squares, and the implementation of heeling in the corners of the squares with their additional drilling; soil sampling of soil humus-accumulative genetic horizon and morphological description of the supporting soil profiles; carrying out of soil-chemical laboratory analyses and carrying out cameral treatment of field data with the subsequent construction of agricultural cartograms based on their results; leveling surface survey and creation of models of relief of the territories under study. |
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Method for monitoring of forest Method includes remote registration of fields, brightness of forest vegetation by aerospace means by probing by multi-or hyperspectral sensor to obtain digital images, based on which the value fields of vegetation indices are formed. Additionally the values of the specific energy dissipation surfaces based on forest probing by radar aids are defined. The value fields of vegetation indices and specific energy dissipation surface are subjected to clustering with the allocation relative to homogeneous groups within which the total variability of values is lower than in the general totality. The intersections of clusters obtained in the space of geographical coordinates of the image are determined. The vector layers of sections of intersections for subsequent long-term monitoring are formed with the determination of the required parameters of the forest within the obtained intersections of clusters. |
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Method of development of forest areas of oil-and-gas pipeline routes and power transmission lines Method comprises the operations: felling of trees using chainsaw in the direction from the developed part of the route, limbing, tree length bucking and laying branches on the route of the future road using delimber-crosscutter, loading and transportation of assortments by lumber truck with a manipulator. The lumber truck enters, for example, reversing on the strip of packed branches at a distance equal to the length of the pack collecting. On its way back the lumber truck, stopping at the working positions, loads the assortments located on the left and right from the strip to collect the full-car-load pack, after which it transports the loaded assortments. Tree felling on the future road route is performed in the direction parallel to its axis. Limbing and tree length bucking by delimber-crosscutter is carried out in the normal mode with the laying of the obtained assortment on the left or right near the future route. Felling a tree which is located on the right and near the future road route is carried at an angle of 0 to 25 degrees to the axis of the future road. Limbing and tree length bucking by delimber-crosscutter is carried out in the normal mode with the laying of the obtained assortment on the left. Felling a tree which is located on the right in the far distance from the future road route is carried at an angle of 25 to 45 degrees to this road. Limbing and tree length bucking by delimber-crosscutter is carried out by capturing the vertex part of the tree by clamp hook, hauling in the raised position by a distance that provides gripping by the manipulator of the root part of the tree, with the subsequent laying on delimbing and crosscutting table. The resulting assortments are placed near the future route on the right. Felling a tree which is located near and on the left of the future road route is carried out at an angle from 0 to 35 degrees. Limbing and tree length bucking by delimber-crosscutter is carried out in the normal mode with the laying of the obtained assortment on the left. Felling a tree which is located on the left in the far distance from the future road route is carried out at an angle of 35 to 60 degrees. Limbing and tree length bucking by delimber-crosscutter is carried out by entering reversing to the fallen tree, capturing the vertex part of the tree by clamp hook, hauling in the raised position by a distance that provides gripping by the manipulator of the root part of the tree, with the subsequent laying on delimbing and crosscutting table. The obtained assortments are placed near the future route on the left. |
Another patent 2513730.