Method of planting shelter forests

IPC classes for russian patent Method of planting shelter forests (RU 2504948):

A01G23/02 - Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees (delimbing standing trees A01G0003000000)

Another patents in same IPC classes:

Method of development of logging areas using machines of manipulative type / 2504146

Method comprises division of logging areas to swaths with technological corridors and passes to semi-swaths, tree felling in swaths using a machine of manipulative type for shortwood logging, limbing, block cutting. Between the technological corridors and the borders of the passes to the semi-swaths an auxiliary corridor is placed at a distance of the manipulator handling radius from the borders of the passes to the semi-swaths and the middle of the technological corridors. The assortments harvested in the auxiliary technological corridor are displaced to the technological corridors and the borders of the passes to the semi-swaths.

Method of development of fire affected forestlands / 2499383

Method includes separating the trunks from the root system and consists of two stages of timber skidding. At the first stage skidding is carried out by winch through the cargo unit, and at the second - after limbing and tree length bucking on assortments using a device for holding the movable timber. At the first stage the fire affected trees are treated in groups. The first group includes fallen trees with the root system freed from the soil by choking and skidding them to some distance from the place of choking followed by separation of the trunk from the root system, such as with a power saw. The second group includes the fallen trees that have root system bonded with the soil, which trunk part is initially separated from the root system, such as with a power saw, with its subsequent choking and skidding to the final point of the first stage. The third group includes trees that have the root system connection with the ground and rest by the top on the trees standing next to them, which are first choked at a distance of 1.5-2 m from the root system, then a rope is pulled by the winch, providing tree landing to the predetermined position. After landing, the trunk is separated from the root system, such as with a power saw, followed by skidding to the final point of the first stage. Once all the trees are skidded to the final point of the first stage, limbing and bucking on assortments is carried out.

Method of storing up assortments and packets of branches in felling area / 2496302

Method comprises tree felling, delimbing and cross-cutting of trees to assortments by feller-delimber-buncher, production in the cutting area of packets of logging wastes, hauling of assortments and packets of logging wastes to the upper storage by the short log truck. Processing of packets of logging wastes is carried out by feller-delimber-buncher, equipped with a device for accumulation of brunches and device for pressing branches to packets. The operations of accumulation and pressing of branches to packets are combined in time with operations of delimbing and cross-cutting of trees.

Forest harvesting combine / 2484618

Combine comprises a control unit with a computer and two joysticks, with pump-regulating device connected to the hydraulic power system by the pipeline 1, tanks for petroleum, oil and lubricants 2 and hydraulic fluid 3, a platform 4, a supporting turntable 5, a drilling cup 11, hydraulic hoists 9 with support stages, a hydraulic telescopic boom 13. The boom is connected to the platform 4 by the hinge 12 and the mechanism of its movement 14. At the exposed face of the boom an additional turntable 16 is located, which is connected to the boom by the hinge 15 and the mechanism of its movement 17. On the additional turntable 16 the harvester head 18 is mounted. On the rear end of the boom 13 by the hinge 20 and the additional mechanism of movement 19 the second additional turntable 21 is secured, which is connected by the hinge 22 to the dipper shovel 23 comprising a bracket, valves 27, a mechanism of movement 25 of the dipper shovel valves, mounting brackets 26 of the mechanism of movement of the dipper shovel valves. The hydraulic hoists with support stages are secured in eye bars of bilateral hydraulic cylinder 8 which housing is secured on the support platform 10 connected to the additional stage 6 by the racks 7 for fastening the combine.

Method of creation of covering with runners on sites with low bearing capacity of soils / 2479200

Method includes felling, skidding and delimbing of trees, covering the runners with wood wastes. The trees felled by a felling-skidding-processing machine are skidded to track of the runner, putting them with their butts to the track of the runner. Then using the felling-skidding-processing machine the delimbing of trees is carried out and cross-cutting of trees to timber assortments that are placed on the opposite side of the runner. The branch timbers and the tops of the trees are laid on the track of the runner. Then, using a forwarder the sorting and piling of assortments is carried out, and the forwarder moving on laid wood wastes compacts them. After the end of tree skidding, their cross-cutting and laying branch timbers and the tops in the covering of the runner on one side of the runner all the operations are repeated which are carried out using felling-skidding-processing machine and the forwarder on the opposite side of the runner.

Method of short logs operation with manipulator-type machine when keeping young growth / 2467559

Method includes tree cutting with the top at the compartment boundary without landing the root part; transfer of the root part by the machine manipulator to the place of cross-cutting and laying the short logs on the border of the trail, delimbing with the placement of the upper parts crosswise after cutting and with the root parts in opposite directions in the area of trail, cross-cutting with placement of the short logs in batches "butt to top" and at an angle to each other. Initially tree-cutting is carried out along the axis of the trail, and then - sequentially starting with the trees located near the border of the trail, and cutting with respect to the groups of young growth is carried out in the opposite directions at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the trail.

Machine for felling to care for forest / 2466529

Machine comprises a self-propelled chassis, a tractor engine which actuates the generator with an electric saw, and a load winch with rope-choker equipment. On the loading platform, located on the undercarriage of the self-propelled chassis, in its middle the transfer case is mounted. The transfer case is connected by the gimbal drive to the engine of the tractor. On the transfer case output shafts with the help of clutches on one side a generator is mounted which is connected with a cable to the electric saw, and the load winch with rope-choker equipment, and on the other side a delimbing device and a chipping machine are mounted with clutches.

Gripping-cutting device for forest management care in plantations / 2443100

Device is installed on a rotary controllable excavator boom instead of a bucket and comprises a bearing frame, a gripping device and a cutting assembly. The cutting assembly may diverge in the horizontal plane. The cutting assembly is made in the form of a structure comprising a beam that moves in the horizontal plane. One end of the beam is hingedly connected with eyes to a bearing frame, and at the other end arranged in the form of a shaft there is an assembly installed with a cutting working element. The cutting working element is driven from a hydraulic motor.

Bush cutter / 2433586

Bush cutter comprises a frame, supports and units of fixation of a driven flexible cutting element. Flexible cutting elements are made in the form of knives comprising six cutting edges connected by brackets that form a flexible joint. Flexible cutting elements are installed on discs of movable and fixed parts along the axis of the driving shaft. Interaction of a master disc with discs is done by means of a friction pad.

Method for execution of logging works when developing hydrotechnical structures in woodland zone / 2374830

Method includes tree trunks belting with cord charges near their base, standing trees flooding with water by filling of hydrotechnical structure bed, selective felling by means of flooded trees blasting with application of remote control, at the same time transportation of felled tress from bed area is carried out by water in free condition.

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/ 2247985

/ 2248117

/ 2249942

/ 2250598

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/ 2251104

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises creation of planting furrow (gap), lowering of root systems of the seedlings in it and embedding of them with soil. Before embedding of the root systems of seedlings with soil in the zone of their placing and directly on them the hydrogel is fed in batches. After embedding of the root systems of seedlings with soil on its surface symmetrically on both sides along the row of plants planted in bands with width a=15-25 cm and the distance between them of 5-8 cm the binder is applied. The binder creates a coating on the soil in the form of film.

EFFECT: method enables to increase the survival ability of seedlings and create conditions for their accelerated growth in the harsh climatic conditions of arid regions that excludes the additional costs and time expenditure connected with creation of shelter forests.

2 cl, 3 dwg

The invention relates to agriculture and forestry, in particular to methods of planting protective forest plantations.

Of plant biology it is known that for normal growth and development of planted seedlings must have a sufficient amount of moisture, and especially in the period of their establishment. In arid regions, especially on light sandy soils, it is usually lacking due to rapid evaporation. In addition, around the seedlings grow weed plants, which further exacerbates the deficit for cultivated plants.

Known processes for the production of shelter forest stands on non-irrigated lands, depending on climatic, soil and hydrological conditions, including different soil preparation for the maximum retention of moisture in it [Guidance on the design and cultivation of protective forest plantations on the lands of agricultural enterprises of the RSFSR. - M, - Rosselchozizdat. - 1979. - S-14]. However, this is done before planting and does not affect the preservation and increase of moisture after it.

Known "Method of creation of forest plantations in forestry and agroforestry" (U.S. Pat. RU # 2255462 IPC⁷A01G 23/02, 23/00), which carry out landing the part of woody plants, root systems which are limited in the soil or nutrient substrate (space) to neuderzhivayushchimi material".

The disadvantage of this method is that, first, when planting the root systems of plants to deliver the substrate, which is technically difficult and expensive, and secondly, this substrate is not able to accumulate and retain moisture in the soil in the zone of the root systems of plants.

Known chemical methods for securing mobile dune Sands bitumen emulsion, latex, polyacrylamide, Neretina and other binders for the coating of large open tracts in the form of a solid film that helps preserve moisture under it, increase seed germination and survival rate of planted seedlings of tree and shrub crops (AVO. The afforestation of Sands / M: 1972. - P.58-60).

However, this method viscosimeter, often toxic and unsuitable for the creation of protective forest plantations in agricultural landscapes, where there is a fauna and is home to a population.

Over the past 15-30 years synthesized sillenbuch.de polymer hydrogels (LNG), in the form of granules or powder, which are able to absorb and hold in the swelled state has a tremendous amount of moisture. Getting in moist soil, they have the ability of repeated swelling and, consequently, hold a large amount of water in its root layer. The degree of swelling of hydrogels varies from 50 to 1000 ml per 1 g of the drug is, depending on the material, concentration of salts and conditions of swelling. This is a key quality LNG opens up unlimited possibilities for creating methods of their use in agriculture and forest reclamation (, Arkhipovich. Underground rain/Agropromizdat. - 1993. - 3(8). - P.39-40). (Gygi Z.N., Sadovnikova NB ABOUT the possibility of improving the water retention of sandy soils using siliconebased polymer hydrogels/ Biologically active polymers and polymer reagents for crop production. Proc. Dokl. 2 all-Union meeting. - Perigord, 20-24 October 1991. - M., 1991. - P.27).

The task of the invention is to improve the availability of seedlings planted in protective forest plantations in arid regions.

The invention consists in that with the aim of improving the survival rate and growth of seedlings, to reduce evaporation and allow accumulation of moisture in the soil in the area of root systems, as well as prevent weeds around the seedling, it is suggested when conducting boarding operations in the area of the root systems of seedlings and directly on them to make the hydrogel, good moisture holding and adjacent to the seedling soil surface to cause the binder in the form of a film, have an inclination toward the center of the row of plants.

The technical result is the method of planting protective forest plantations in arid regions, including the formation of furrows for planting (gap), lowering her root systems of seedlings and covering them with soil, is achieved by the fact that before the sealing of the root systems of the seedlings in the soil in the area of their placement directly on them, a La carte, served hydrogel, and after sealing them with soil, on its surface, symmetrically along both sides of the row of planted trees, a width ofa=15...25 cm and the distance between them isin=5...8 cm is applied binder, creating on the ground floor in the form of a film, while the transverse profile of the soil surface after sealing of the root systems of seedlings with soil and applying the film of the binder should have a symmetric arrangement on both sides of the seedling, with an inclination toward the center of the row of plants.

Conducted by the applicant's analysis of the level of technology has allowed to establish that similar, characterized by signs, identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention, not found.

Therefore, the claimed invention according to the legislation complies with the requirement of "novelty", and no signs of similar matching the characteristics of the claimed invention, showing that the claimed invention is not necessary for the expert in the obvious way from the prior art, influencing the achievement of the technical result. Sledovat is Ino, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "inventive step".

Figure 1 presents the scheme of the proposed process of planting seedlings - side view; figure 2 is a top view; figure 3 is a view transverse vertical section of the soil in the row of plants.

The diagram of a method includes: planting furrow (slit) 1, for example, formed by the vomer 2 tree-planting machine; root system 3 planted seedling 4 placed in the planting slit; hydrogel 5 made in the area of the root system of the seedling; binder 6, applied to the soil to create a cover in the form of a film 7.

The proposed method of planting forest reclamation plantings in arid regions is as follows. Shoe tree-planting machine, equipped with devices for feeding hydrogel or binders formed furrow, drop the root system of planted seedlings and in the area of their location served hydrogel. Then the root system of the treated soil, and then, on its surface, symmetrically along both sides of the row of planted trees, a width ofa=15...25 cm and the distance between them isin=5...8 cm is applied binder, creating on the ground floor in the form of a film. As a result, the hydrogel in the area of their location, where the root is istemi seedlings well accumulates and for a long time retains moisture. Film from the binder prevents the evaporation of moisture from the soil and the emergence of weeds around the seedling, consuming moisture. In addition, the symmetrical positioning of the film on both sides of the seedling, with an inclination toward the center of the row of plants, creates the possibility of additional accumulation dropdown and atmospheric moisture in the soil, in an area where their root systems, which improves the survival rate and growth of seedlings.

In General, the proposed method is promising. It allows to significantly increase the survival rate of seedlings and to create conditions for accelerated growth in severe climatic conditions of arid regions, which eliminates the additional cost and time to the creation of protective forest plantations.

1. The method of planting protective forest plantations in arid regions, including the formation of furrows for planting (gap), lowering her root systems of seedlings and covering them with soil, characterized in that before the sealing of the root systems of the seedlings in the soil in the area of their placement directly on them, a La carte is served hydrogel, and after sealing them with soil, on its surface, symmetrically along both sides of the row of planted trees, a width ofa=15...25 cm and the distance between them isin=5...8 cm, is applied binder prophetic the creation, creating on the ground floor in the form of a film.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse profile of the soil surface after sealing of the root systems of seedlings with soil and applying the film of the binder must have a symmetric arrangement on both sides of the seedling, with an inclination toward the center of the row of plants.