Magnetoelectric generator

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrical engineering, and namely to low-speed electric generators, and it can be used in wind-driven power plants. In magnetoelectric generator the rotor is provided with constant magnets 3, 4, and stator contains two parallel plates 5 and 6, between which annular windings 7 are arranged. The rotor is made of two parallel discs 1 and 2 fixed on shaft, on each of which ring-shaped rows of constant magnets 3, 4 are arranged. Polarity of constant magnets 3, 4 of each row alternates. Herewith poles of constant magnets 3, 4 of one row are faced to opposite poles of constant magnets 3, 4 of the other row. Annular windings 7 of the stator are made as equilateral trapezia with lateral sides 8, 9 located radially in relation to the rotor rotation axis 10 and areas 11, 12 of annular windings at trapezia bases are arc-curved; annular windings 7 are inserted by pairs one into another. Distance ℓ between areas of annular windings at the base of trapezia exceeds width b of ring-shaped row of constant magnets 3, 4. Constant magnets 3, 4 in each ring-shaped row join each other.

EFFECT: increasing power of magnetoelectric generator with preservation of its dimensions.

7 dwg, 1 tbl

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, namely low-speed electric generators, and can be used in particular in wind turbines.

Known low-speed magneto generator containing an annular series of stator windings on an iron core sheets or extruded iron powder, and a corresponding annular series of permanent magnets of the rotor, in particular a synchronous machine with permanent magnetization for a sinusoidal voltage, the concentrated windings are made and not distributed in the slots, the cores with windings are interleaved with iron core without windings, so that every second iron core has a winding, the number of intervals between the cores is different from the number of poles, the number of intervals between the cores s and the number of poles p follows the expression |s-p|=2·m and s=12·n·m, where n and m are natural numbers, and the machine is designed for three-phase voltage with a series connection of adjacent coils to obtain m such groups per phase, which can be connected in series or parallel, EN 2234788 C2.

The disadvantage of this generator is the low coefficient of performance (efficiency), since the winding in the annular row are located at a considerable distance from each other, and m is the moment of finding the magnets in the gap between the windings EMF in them not induced.

Also known magneto-electric generator, the rotor is equipped with permanent magnets and the stator contains two parallel plates in the form of interconnected disks, between which is placed a winding; a stator has a magnetic circuit in the form of flat rings, RU 2168062.

This solution has the same drawback as described above, the analogue of (EN 2234788 C2): low efficiency for the same reason. In addition, with the passage of permanent magnets of the rotor above the cores of the windings of the stator is mutual attraction of the permanent magnets of the rotor and of the cores of the windings of the stator (the so-called effect of "sticking" of the rotor), making it difficult to start the generator and creates a lot of noise during its operation.

Some of the increase in efficiency of the generator, reducing the starting torque and the noise level in the work process provides a magneto-electric generator, the rotor is equipped with permanent magnets and the stator contains two parallel plates, between which is placed an annular winding, the rotor is constructed of two mounted on a shaft parallel disks, each of which facing each other surfaces placed annular series of permanent magnets located in each row of equidistant, the polarity of the permanent magnets of each row alternates, with poles on the constant magnets of one row facing toward opposite poles of the permanent magnets of the other series, and an annular stator winding is made in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, the sides of which are located radially relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and the ring sections of the windings at the bases of the trapezoid are bent in an arc, an annular winding pairs are inserted into each other, the distance l between the sections of the annular windings at the bases of the trapezoid is larger than the width b of the annular series of permanent magnets, EN 2427067 C1.

This unit is adopted as the prototype of the present invention.

In this magneto generator permanent magnets in each annular row are equidistant relative to each other. The gaps between the permanent magnets in each row correspond to the dimensions of the magnet. As the rotor turns, these empty intervals not induce an electromotive force (EMF) in the windings of the stator, which reduces electrical power generator.

The present invention is to increase the capacity of the magnetoelectric generator while maintaining its size.

According to the invention in a magneto-electric generator, the rotor is equipped with permanent magnets and the stator contains two parallel plates, between which is placed an annular winding, the rotor is constructed of two mounted on a shaft parallel disks, each of which treatment is different to each other surfaces placed annular series of permanent magnets, the polarity of the permanent magnets in each row alternates, with the poles of the permanent magnets of one row facing toward opposite poles of the permanent magnets of the other row, and an annular stator winding is made in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, the sides of which are located radially relative to the axis 10 of rotation of the rotor, and the ring sections of the windings at the bases of the trapezoid are bent in an arc, an annular winding pairs are inserted into each other, the distance l between the sections of the annular windings at the bases of the trapezoid is larger than the width b of the annular series of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets in each annular row are adjacent to each other; permanent magnets in each annular row are adjacent to each other adjacent the side edges.

The applicant has not identified any technical solution that is identical to the declared that allows to make a conclusion about conformity of the invention, the criterion of "Novelty".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which shows:

figure 1 is a side view, a variant according to claim 1 claims;

figure 2 - section a-a in figure 1;

figure 3 - side view, a variant according to claim 2;

figure 4 - section b-B in figure 3;

nafig - adjacent annular winding associated with each other, in a perspective view;

figure 6 - connecting the annular winding, type in the plan;

nafig - section b-In figure 6.

The rotor of the magneto generator is made of two parallel disks 1 and 2, mounted on the shaft 10. In a specific example, the disks 1 and 2 are made of electrical steel. On facing each other, the surfaces of the discs 1 and 2 is placed an annular series of permanent magnets 3 and 4, respectively. In each annular row of magnets 3 and 4 are adjacent to each other. In the embodiment of figures 1, 2 permanent magnets 3 and 4 are rectangular in shape and are adjacent to each other angles. In the embodiment of Fig 3, 4 permanent magnets 3 and 4 have the shape of a trapezoid and are adjacent to each other adjacent the side edges. In the embodiment of figures 1, 2 between the permanent magnets 3 and 4 are relatively small triangular gaps in the embodiment of Fig 3, 4 between the magnets 3 and 4, there are very small gaps (0.1-0.2 mm), filled with epoxy compound. The polarity of the permanent magnets 3 and 4 in each row alternates, with the poles of the permanent magnets 3 and 4 of one series facing toward opposite poles of the permanent magnets 3 and 4 another series. The stator of the electrical generator contains two parallel plates 5 and 6, between which is placed an annular winding 7, which is made in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid. The sides 8, 9 of the trapezoid are located radially relative to the longitudinal axis of rotation of the rotor, the parts 11, 12 of the windings 7b bases of the trapezoidal curved in an arc (figure 5). Winding 7 pairs are conjugate to each other: inserted into each other (figure 5, 6), the distance l between the sections 11, 12 of the winding 7 is larger than the width b of the annular series of permanent magnets 3 and 4 (figure 4, 6). Upstream winding 7 mounted on the plate 5, and downstream of the winding 7 on the plate 6.

Magnetoelectric generator works as follows. During rotation of the rotor with the shaft 10 of the magnetic force lines of the permanent magnets 3, 4 intersect the annular coils of the windings 7 and induce in the windings 7, EDS. Since the lateral sides 8, 9 of the annular windings 7 are located between the poles of the magnets 3 and 4 with different polarity, is the induction of mixed EMF at the lateral sides 8, 9 of the windings 7 (arrows figure 6). Thus in each winding 7 flows through the annular electric current. Winding 7, mounted on the plate 5, are connected, similarly interconnected windings 7, mounted on the plate 6.

Since the conductors of the windings 7 are uniformly filling the annular gap between the moving magnets 3, 4 (figure 5), forming a homogeneous environment for moving magnets 3, 4, in this design there are no so-called "sticking" of the rotor, which ultimately ensures quiet and smooth operation of the generator.

Implementation characteristics of the invention only, and what about the fact, that permanent magnets in each annular row are adjacent to each other, provides an important technical result is a more uniform inducing EMF in the windings, and, accordingly, increase of capacity of the generator.

Table 1 shows the values of power prototype of the magnetoelectric generator according to the number of revolutions of the rotor in comparison with the prototype.

The applicant has not identified the sources of information, which would contain information about the impact of the distinctive features of invention technical result achieved, which leads, according to the applicant, according to the invention, the criterion of "Inventive step".

For the manufacture of devices used ordinary materials of construction and plant equipment. This circumstance, according to the applicant, allows to conclude that the invention conforms to the criterion "Industrial applicability".

1. Magneto-electric generator, the rotor is equipped with permanent magnets and the stator contains two parallel plates, between which is placed an annular winding, the rotor is constructed of two mounted on a shaft parallel disks, each of which facing each other surfaces placed annular series of permanent magnets, the polarity of the permanent magnets in each row alternates, with the poles of the permanent magnets of one row facing toward opposite poles of the permanent magnets of the other row, and an annular stator winding is made in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, the sides of which are located radially relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and the ring sections of the windings at the bases of the trapezoid are bent arc, an annular winding pairs are inserted into each other, the distance l between what customi annular windings at the bases of the trapezoid is larger than the width b of the annular series of permanent magnets, characterized in that the permanent magnets in each annular row are adjacent to each other.

2. Magnetoelectric generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnets in each annular row are adjacent to each other adjacent the side edges.