Electromagnetic generator

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: in an electromagnetic generator a rotor is equipped with permanent magnets, and a stator comprises two parallel plates (5, 6), between which there are circular windings (7), made in the form of isosceles trapezoids, sides (8, 9) of which are arranged radially relative to the axis of rotor rotation, and sections (11, 12) of circular windings (7) in trapezoid bases are bent along the arc. The rotor is made of two parallel discs (1, 2) fixed on a shaft (10), on every of which there are ring-shaped rows of permanent magnets (3, 4) arranged on opposite surfaces, and their polarity in every row alternates. Poles of permanent magnets (3, 4) in a single row face opposite poles of permanent magnets (3, 4) of another row. Circular windings (7) are inserted into each other to form modules, at the same time the distance 6 between sections of circular windings (7) in trapezoid bases exceeds width b of the ring-shaped row of permanent magnets (3, 4). At the same time according to this invention between circular windings (7) there is an additional flat circular winding (13) in the form of an isosceles trapezoid, sides (14) of which are arranged in one plane between sides (8, 9) of other circular windings (7).

EFFECT: provision of the possibility to generate three-phase electric current.

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, namely low-speed electric generators, and can be used in particular in wind turbines.

Known low-speed magneto generator containing an annular series of stator windings on an iron core sheets or extruded iron powder, and a corresponding annular series of permanent magnets of the rotor, in particular a synchronous machine with permanent magnetization for a sinusoidal voltage, the concentrated windings are made and not distributed in the slots, the cores with windings are interleaved with iron core without windings, so that every second iron core has a winding, the number of intervals between the cores is different from the number of poles, the number of intervals between the cores s and the number of poles p follows the expression |s-p|=2·m and s=12·n·m, where n and m are natural numbers, and the machine is designed for three-phase voltage with a series connection of adjacent coils to obtain m such groups per phase, which can be connected in series or parallel, EN 2234788 C2.

The disadvantage of this generator is the low coefficient of performance (COP), since the winding in the annular row are located at a considerable distance from each other, and mo is UNT find magnets in the gap between the windings EMF in them not induced.

Also known magneto-electric generator, the rotor is equipped with permanent magnets and the stator contains two parallel plates in the form of interconnected disks, between which is placed a winding; a stator has a magnetic circuit in the form of flat rings, RU 2168062.

This solution has the same drawback as described above, the analogue of (EN 2234788 C2): low efficiency for the same reason. In addition, with the passage of permanent magnets of the rotor above the cores of the windings of the stator is mutual attraction of the permanent magnets of the rotor and of the cores of the windings of the stator (the so-called effect of "sticking" of the rotor), making it difficult to start the generator and creates a lot of noise during its operation.

Some of the increase in the efficiency of the generator, reducing the starting torque and the noise level in the work process provides a magneto-electric generator, the rotor is equipped with permanent magnets and the stator contains two parallel plates, between which is placed an annular winding, made in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, the sides of which are located radially relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and the ring sections of the windings at the bases of the trapezoid are bent in an arc; the rotor is constructed of two mounted on a shaft parallel disks, each of which addressed other other surfaces placed annular series of permanent magnets, the polarity of the permanent magnets of each row alternates, with the poles of the permanent magnets of one row facing toward opposite poles of the permanent magnets of the other series, the annular winding pairs are inserted into each other, the distance l between the sections of the annular windings at the bases of the trapezoid is larger than the width b of the annular series of permanent magnets, EN 2427067 C1.

This unit is adopted as the prototype of the present invention. This generator can be used to power mainly household single-phase equipment, because it produces a two-phase electric current.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that it can not be used without the use of additional means for feeding three-phase consumers, and also connected to the Central (three-phase) power grids.

The present invention is the provision of opportunities for the generation of three-phase electric current.

According to the invention in a magneto-electric generator, the rotor is equipped with permanent magnets and the stator contains two parallel plates, between which is placed an annular winding, made in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, the sides of which are located radially relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and land annular windings based in the s trapezoid curved in an arc, the rotor is constructed of two mounted on a shaft parallel disks, each of which facing each other surfaces placed annular series of permanent magnets, the polarity of the permanent magnets in each row alternates, with the poles of the permanent magnets of one row facing toward opposite poles of the permanent magnets of the other series, the annular winding is inserted into each other to form modules, the distance l between the sections of the annular windings at the bases of the trapezoid is larger than the width b of the annular series of permanent magnets between the annular windings placed additional flat annular coil in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, the sides of which are located in one plane between the sides of the other annular windings.

The applicant has not identified any technical solution that is identical to the declared that allows to make a conclusion about conformity of the invention, the criterion of "Novelty".

Implementation characteristics of the invention leads to an important new property magnetoelectric generator is a possibility for a three-phase electric current.

The applicant has not identified the sources of information, which would contain information about the impact of the distinctive features of invention achieve technical resultaten n is the first property causes, according to the applicant, according to the invention, the criterion of "Inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which shows:

figure 1 is a - side view; with the permanent magnets of rectangular form;

figure 2 - section a-a in figure 1;

figure 3 - side view; with permanent magnets trapezoidal shape;

figure 4 - section b-B in figure 3;

figure 5 - connecting the annular winding associated with each other (module), in a perspective view;

figure 6 - connecting the annular coil (module), type in the plan;

7 - section b-b In Fig.6.

The rotor of the magneto generator is made of two parallel disks 1 and 2, mounted on the shaft 10. In a specific example, the disks 1 and 2 are made of electrical steel. On facing each other, the surfaces of the discs 1 and 2 is placed an annular series of permanent magnets 3 and 4, respectively. In each annular row of magnets coupled to each other with a gap of 0.1-0.2 mm In the embodiment of figures 1, 2 permanent magnets 3 and 4 are rectangular in shape and are adjacent to each other angles with the above-mentioned gap. In the embodiment of Fig 3, 4 permanent magnets 3 and 4 have the shape of a trapezoid and are adjacent to each other adjacent the side edges. In the embodiment of figures 1, 2 between the permanent magnets 3 and 4 are relatively small triangular gaps. The intervals (gaps) m is waiting for the magnets are filled with epoxy compound. The polarity of the permanent magnets 3 and 4 in each row alternates, with the poles of the permanent magnets 3 and 4 of one series facing toward opposite poles of the permanent magnets 3 and 4 another series. The stator of the electrical generator contains two parallel plates 5 and 6, between which is placed an annular winding 7, which is made in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid. The sides 8, 9 of the windings 7 are located radially relative to the longitudinal axis of rotation of the rotor, the parts 11, 12 of the windings 7 at the bases of the trapezoid are bent in an arc (figure 5). The annular coil 7 is inserted into each other, while between them is a more flat annular coil 13 in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid so that the sides 14 additional flat annular winding 13 are located in one plane with the lateral sides 8, 9 of the winding 7. The distance l between the sections 11, 12 of the winding 7 is larger than the width b of the annular series of permanent magnets 3 and 4 (figure 2, 4, 6). Upstream winding 7 mounted on the plate 5, and downstream of the winding 7 on the plate 6. Winding 7 and 13 filled epoxy compound, rigidly connecting them together in a single module (figure 5, 6).

Magnetoelectric generator works as follows. During rotation of the rotor with the shaft 10 of the magnetic force lines of the permanent magnets 3, 4 intersect the annular coils of the coil 7 and 13 and induce in the windings 7 and 13 EMF. Since the lateral sides 8, 9 of the annular windings 7 and the sides 14 of the windings 13 are located between the poles of the magnets 3 and 4 with different polarity, is the induction of mixed EMF at the lateral sides 8, 9 of the windings 7 and the lateral sides 14 of the windings 13 (indicated by arrows in Fig.6). Thus in each winding 7 and the winding 13 flows through the annular electric current. Winding 7, mounted on the plate 5, are electrically connected to each other; similarly interconnected windings 7, mounted on the plate 6, and the winding 13.

Due to the fact that the additional winding 13 is made flat, is provided constructive possibility of placing its sides in the same plane between the sides of the windings 7, due to which the generator rotor is rotating in the presence of the three windings, the generator thus produces three-phase electric current. The currents in the windings are shifted in phase by an equal amount, because the sides of the windings, ignoring the gap adjacent to each other. Since the conductors of the windings 7 and 13 are uniformly filling the gap between the moving magnets 3, 4, forming a homogeneous environment for moving magnets 3, 4, there are no so-called "sticking" of the rotor, which ultimately ensures quiet and smooth operation of the generator.

For the manufacture of devices use the Vanir conventional structural materials and plant equipment. This circumstance, according to the applicant, allows to conclude that the invention conforms to the criterion "Industrial applicability".

Magneto-electric generator, the rotor is equipped with permanent magnets and the stator contains two parallel plates, between which is placed an annular winding, made in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, the sides of which are located radially relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and the ring sections of the windings at the bases of the trapezoid are bent in an arc, the rotor is constructed of two mounted on a shaft parallel disks, each of which facing each other surfaces placed annular series of permanent magnets, the polarity of the permanent magnets in each row alternates, with the poles of the permanent magnets of one row facing toward opposite poles of the permanent magnets of the other series ring winding inserted into each other to form modules, the distance l between the sections of the annular windings at the bases of the trapezoid is larger than the width b of the annular series of permanent magnets, characterized in that between the annular windings placed additional flat annular coil in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, the sides of which are located in one plane between the sides of other Col is of evich windings.