Method to make decorative items with filler from amber and/or wastes of its processing (versions). RU patent 2452715.
| Method to prepare concrete mix on porous filler / 2452714 In the method to prepare a light concrete mixture on a porous filler, including mixing of portland cement with an additive, a porous filler and tempering water, first a superplasticiser additive in the amount of 0.4-0.5% of portland cement mass is added into 50-60% of the total amount of tempering water and mixed with portland cement during 50-60 s, then the whole porous filler is added, such as highly light porous filler with medium density of not more than 250 kg/m3, and again mixed for 70-80 s, afterwards the remaining part of tempering water is added, and the mixture is finally mixed for 30-40 s. |
| Method to produce heat insulation structural building material / 2448071 Method to produce a heat insulation structural building material includes mixing of siliceous rock and an alkaline component to produce a homogeneous mass, subsequent thermal treatment at its temperature of 500-600°C, grinding of the produced silicate material, besides, after grinding of the silicate material the produced powder is partially hydrolysed by adding water in it in amount of 4-12 wt % from the mass of dry powder in process of mixing until the powder swells, filling into refractory moulds and annealing. Besides, mixing of the produced powder is preferably carried out in an agitator of a mixer type, filling is carried out into a refractory mould, where reinforcement of refractory metal is fixed, and subsequent annealing is carried out at 750-850°C, preferably steel reinforcement shall be used, reinforcement from refractory material coated with liquid glass is used. |
| Method to produce heat insulation and insulant material for building products / 2448065 Method to produce heat insulation and insulant material for building products includes mixing of a binder based on amorphous silica with dispersion of 1-10 mm with loose heat insulation filler with dispersion of 0.5-15.0 mm for 3-10 minutes until a homogeneous dry mixture is produced, subsequent tempering of the dry mixture with an aqueous solution of an alkaline component during subsequent mixing for 1-5 minutes and subsequent moulding of products by method of their pressing with force of 5.0-10.2 kg/cm2 with subsequent thermal treatment at 150-850°C. The other version of the method includes mixing of the binder with a loose heat insulation filler, introduction of an alkali-containing component into the mixture, subsequent mixing to produce a homogeneous mass and moulding of products by the method of semidry pressing. |
| Construction material (versions) and method of making articles from said material (versions) / 2447044 Invention is primarily meant to make construction articles such as blocks, partitions, walls and other building structures using ground organic filler in form of cellulose-containing wastes from crop husbandry and wood-processing industry. To obtain the initial moulding mixture, the cellulose-containing crop husbandry wastes used are the hard parts of the plants crushed to particles not bigger than 30 mm and dried to moisture content of not more than 10%, the wood processing wastes - industrial wood chips not bigger than 1 mm, the electrolyte used is liquid glass (Na2SiO3) in form of a 1.5-1.75% aqueous solution and the calcium-containing materials used are cement production wastes, calcite and limestone, which are dehydrated and crushed to powdered state. Versions of the construction material and the method of making articles from said material are described. |
 Cement grout composition with stable foam and method of preparing said composition / 2447043Present invention relates to a foamed cement composition for use in different cell cementing operations, as well as a method of producing the foamed cement composition. The foamed cement composition contains a foaming composition which contains cement, a water-based liquid in amount ranging from approximately 20 wt% to 80 wt% of the weight of the cement, a foaming composition containing an ionic gel system in amount ranging from approximately 0.05 wt % to 10 wt % of the weight of the water-based liquid, where the ionic gel system contains a charged polymer and an oppositely charged surfactant, and a gas in amount ranging from approximately 5 vol. % to 85 vol. % of the volume of the foaming composition for preparing the foamed cement composition. The method of preparing the foamed cement composition involves adding cement to the water-based liquid, adding a first additive composition containing a charged polymer, a stabilising agent and water, adding a second additive composition containing an oppositely charged surfactant, where the charged polymer and the oppositely charged surfactant form the ionic gel system, and injecting gas which is sufficient to form the foamed cement composition. The invention is developed in subclaims. |
 Method to produce construction items based on silica-containing binder / 2443660Method includes preparation of silica-containing binder with density of 1.3-2.4 g/cm3, module 15-30, from the mixture containing inorganic bond, a silica-containing component, a hydrofluoric acid salt in amount of 0.5-10.0 wt % of the mixture, and water, during their intensive mixing in a high-speed mixer at their mixing speed of 2600-6000 rpm, frequency of particle oscillations 3600-45000 rpm, heating at 80-90°C or under effect of electric current with intensity of 15-40 W and current force of up to 60 A, with subsequent cooling during mixing with speed from 40 to 100 rpm at 15-25°C within 10-12 hours or air aeration at 10-20°C within 6-11 hours, preparation of moulding material is carried out by mixing 9.0-13.5 wt % of this produced binder and 86.5-91.0 wt % of the silica-containing filler with moisture of not more than 6% and dispersion of 4-50 mcm or 60-150 mcm, or 0.2-25 mm, homogenisation of masses, formation by means of vibration casting or surface vibration compaction, or by means of vibration pressing, or semidry pressing with force from 1.0 to 400 kg/cm2 on a press or on a conveyor with pressing force from 150 to 600 kg/cm2, thermal treatment is carried out at the temperature of 400-950°C, and when hot fillers are used from the ones listed above, thermal treatment is carried out at 85-95°C. The invention is developed in dependent claims. |
 Raw mixture and way of production of foamed silicate heat insulation material / 2442760Invention refers to production of building materials, in particular to production of flameproof heat insulating plate materials. The raw mixture for production of foam silicate heat insulating material including liquid glass, microsilica, additionally contains a filler - basaltic flakes, mica or talc and silicone oil from the range of polyalkylene hydrid siloxane and/or polyalkylene siloxane with the following component ratio, weight %: microsilica 2-15, silicone oil 0,1-10, the mentioned filler 0-5, liquid glass the rest. The way of production of foam silicone material with the use of the above mentioned mixture includes mixing of the components, heating of the mixture at the temperature of 75-100°C until it gets thickened, its graining, drying of the obtained grains up to the moisture level of 30-38 % with subsequent high-temperature processing in the closed mould at 250-450°C within 30-40 min. |
 Method of preparing concrete mixture / 2440959Invention relates to the technology of preparing concrete mixtures and articles therefrom. In the method of preparing a concrete mixture, involving mixing a portion of hardening liquid with cement in a turbulence mixer-activator, and simultaneous electrical heating thereof using current from an industrial network to a given temperature, adding the remaining portion of the hardening liquid into a concrete mixer with filler, followed by adding the obtained heated suspension into the concrete mixer and final stirring of the obtained mixture, an anolyte in volume of (40-70)% of the hardening liquid is first poured into the turbulent mixer-activator, said anolyte having (pH)an in the range of 1.5≤(pH)an≤6 which, in the process of pouring into the turbulent mixer-activator, is passed at a speed of (1-2) m/s through a transverse magnetic field with strength of (500-2000) Oe, after which cement is poured into the turbulent mixer-activator, where during the filling process, the cement particles are charged with a negative electrostatic charge, for which the cement is passed through a gauze electrode across which a high negative voltage is applied, the absolute value of which lies in the range of (10-12) kV, the magnetic anolyte is then mixed with the electrostatically charged cement particles in the turbulent mixer-activator, simultaneously with pouring the hardening liquid into the turbulent mixer-activator, the remaining portion of the hardening liquid is poured into the concrete mixer with filler, said hardening liquid being said anolyte or catholyte, having (pH)cat lying in the range of 9≤(pH)cat≤13.5, where said hardening liquid - anolyte or catholyte when pouring into the concrete mixer with filler is also passed at a speed of (1-2) m/s through a transverse magnetic field whose strength lies in the range of (500-2000) Oe, and after stirring and heating the suspension - cement paste to given temperature, it is also poured into the concrete mixer and the obtained mixture is finally stirred. |
| Method to produce binder / 2440319 In the method to produce a binder, including dosing a silica-alumina component of a binder represented by fly ash produced by burning brown Kansko-Achinskiy coal at the TPP-7 in Bratsk, Irkutsk region, and an alkaline component - liquid glass made from large-tonnage wastes of ferrosilicon production at Bratsk ferroalloy plant - microsilica, and containing up to 15-17 wt % of admixtures - flaky graphite and β-carborundum, with silicate module n=1, their mixing, the silica-alumina component of the binder is fly ash with apparent density ρa=820-960 kg/m3, and the alkaline component is liquid glass with densities ρ=1.22 g/cm3 and ρ=1.35 g/cm3, at the following ratio of components, wt %: specified fly ash 62.3-62.7, specified liquid glass with ρ=1.22 g/cm3 21.9-25.2, specified liquid glass with ρ=1.35 g/cm3 12.5-15.6, and liquid glass is fed sequentially: at first ash is tempered with liquid glass with ρ=1.22 g/cm3, and after mixing, the liquid glass is added to the mixture with ρ=1.35 g/cm3. |
| Method of producing wood concrete / 2439036 Invention relates to industry of construction materials and can be used when making articles from heat insulation wood concrete. The method involves batching, mixing to a homogeneous state, moulding and hardening the crude mixture, containing the following in wt %: saw dust having said composition 18-22, flue ash obtained from burning KATEK brown coal at Thermal Power Station (TPS) 7, Bratsk, Irkutsk Region 38-42, liquid glass from microsilica ferroalloy plant in Bratsk 38-42, wherein hardening is carried out in a steam chamber at T=80-85°C in a 2+2+2+2 hour mode, and then in a drying cabinet at T=100°C for 48 hours. |
 Magnesium-based composite material / 2415099Invention relates to the industry of construction materials and can be used to make articles used in inner and outer lining of buildings, making wall blocks, panels, monolithic structures, as well as for filing cracks in buildings and other structures. The magnesium-based composite material which contains caustic magnesite, sealer - aqueous magnesium chloride solution with density 1.20-1.25 g·cm-3, also contains a modifying additive - water-soluble fluoride MeF, where Me denotes NH4 + Li+, Na+, K+, with the following ratio of components in wt %: caustic magnesite 22.0-31.0, said aqueous magnesium chloride solution 23.0-37.0, filler 31.1-54.9, said fluoride 0.10-0.90. |
| Method of producing molten-cast comsilite ctc material for lining non-ferrous metallurgy thermal units / 2410349 Proposed method comprises preparing mix material by mixing quartz sand powder, metallurgical magnesite, alumina- and fluorine-containing components, smelting of produced mix material, pouring the melt into die, melting, removing casting from die, annealing and cooling. Said alumina- and fluorine-containing components represent aluminium fluoride or magnesium fluoride, and, additionally, potash, taken in the following ratio, wt %: quartz sand - 23.8-38.9, metallurgical magnesite - 15.2-29.4 refractory clay 4.3-31.5 fluoride-containing component - 17.1-18.9, and potash - 15.2-16.8. In preparing mix material, pelletising is additionally performed to produce granules with diametre of 5-20 mm of plastic mass obtained by adding water to aforesaid mix. Granules are dried, annealed at 800-900°C, fused at 1450-1500°C, and cooled down at the rate of 35-45°C/h. |
| Raw mixture for manufacturing of heat-insulating products / 2396228 Invention relates to composition of heat and sound insulation materials made on the basis of industrial wastes, and can be used in construction of residential and industrial buildings and constructions. Raw mixture contains filler representing organic wastes in form of wool combings or flax boon, water and polymer-modified foamed magnesian binder, which includes magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride solution and foamer. In addition, mixture contains 5-85% water dispersion of polymer. As filler, it additionally contains spent sorbents of sewage or technological water purification, which contain ions of heavy metals, wt %: filler 20.0-30.0; water polymer dispersion 16.0-24.0; magnesium oxide 11.0-15.0; magnesium chloride solution 14.0-23.0; foamer 1.0-3.0; water - the remaining part. |
| Dry mortar / 2392246 Dry mortar contains the following components, wt %: ash 50-85, caustic magnesite powder 10-30, natural mineral schungite of III type 0.1-10, modifying additives 0.1-1.5, construction sand - the rest. |
| Raw mixture for finishing and making construction and decorative articles / 2388716 Invention relates to composition of a raw mixture for finishing work, making construction and decorative articles. The raw mixture for finishing and making construction and decorative articles, which contains caustic magnesite, filler, aqueous magnesium chloride solution, plasticising additive, contains aqueous magnesium chloride solution with density 1.15-1.25 g/cm3, plasticising additive in form of a suspension of schungite powder of a fraction not larger than 1 mm in an aqueous magnesium chloride solution with density 1.12-1.2 g/cm3 with the following ratio of components, in pts. vol: said schungite powder 1.0, said aqueous magnesium chloride solution 1.0, with the said ratio of components of the raw mixture, in pts. vol: caustic magnesite 0.9-1.2, filler 1.0-2.0, said aqueous magnesium chloride solution 0.4-0.6, said suspension 0.6-0.9. |
| Dry construction mixture / 2388715 Invention relates to decorative construction materials designed for protecting equipment and people in medical, industrial, scientific, administrative and residential facilities from the effect of ionising radiations. The dry construction mixture contains the following in wt %: caustic magnesite powder 10-15, barite concentrate 80-89, modifying additive 0.1-0.5, natural modification schungite III mineral - the rest. The invention is developed in subclaims. |
 Composition based on chloromagnesian binder / 2380334Invention relates to industry of construction materials and can be used in making wall objects, self-leveling walls, wall blocks, during production of light foamed and heavy concrete, dry construction mixtures, meant for outer finishing of buildings and structures - plastering, spackling, adhesive compositions etc. |
| Raw mix for building units / 2379250 Raw mix contains a vehicle - magnesium oxide, a sealer - dissolved magnesium chloride, a reinforcing filler. The reinforcing filler is cord fibre being waste products of tyre casing process. Temperature of dissolved magnesium chloride makes 50 to 60 °C, while its density is 1.18 to 1.235 g/cm3 in the ratio as follows, wt %: Magnesium oxide 36-43; Dissolved magnesium chloride 34-52; Cord fibre 10-26. |
 Adhesive binding composition / 2379249Invention can be used for manufacturing of building units, solid constructions, floors, in backfilling of cracks in buildings and structures, as well as an adhesive material in agglomeration of anthropogenic and radioactive waste to be disposed. An adhesive binding composition containing a magnesite bond consisting of active magnesium oxide and aqueous solution of magnesium chloride, a filling compound in the form of carry-over ash of thermal stations, contains caustic magnesite as active magnesium oxide and additionally stearic acid salt, vinyl copolymer, e.g. vinyl chloride vinyl laurate ethylene, cellulose ester, e.g. methylhydroxyethyl, and glass fibre in the following ratio, wt %: caustic magnesite 11.20-42.00, aqueous solution of magnesium chloride 32.96-49.23, said carry-over ash 8.00-55.60, stearic acid salt 0.17-0.63, vinyl copolymer 0.17-0.63, cellulose ester 0.003-0.016, said glass fibre 0.005-0.170. |
| Raw composition for manufacturing of construction materials and products / 2378218 Present invention is related to raw compositions intended for manufacturing of construction materials and products on their basis. Raw composition for manufacturing of construction materials and products, including magnesia binder, which includes caustic magnesite and aqueous solution of chloride magnesium with density of 1.19-1.3 kg/l, mineral filler and additive, contains, as mineral filler, mixture of loose substances with specified surface of 3000-6500 cm2/g, which consists of TPP flue ash, quartz sand, kaolin and hydrophobic surface-active substance - surfactant powder - copolymer: vinyl acetate/vinyl alcohol or vinyl chloride / ethylene, or vinyl chloride /ethylene/vinyl aurate and additionally contains water-reducing additive, and also stabilising and water-reducing additive - water soluble ether of cellulose at the following ratio of components, wt %: caustic magnesite 28.0-40.0, quartz sand 30.0-42.0, TPP flue ash 10.0-14.0, kaolin 1.0-4.0, specified surfactant 0.5-0.9, water-reducing additive 0.01-0.30, water soluble ether of cellulose 0.01- 0.02, specified aqueous solution of magnesium chloride the rest. Invention is developed in dependent claims of formula. |
 Method of drilling mud utilisation / 2439098Method of drilling mud utilisation includes the following stages: drilling mud is cleaned and pressed out in four-stage treatment system; then drilling mud is sent to a trench made in the bed of well site bed; temporary ground tank for drilling sewage is made behind the trench. Four-stage treatment system includes high-performance mud screens, shale shaker-desander, desilter and centrifuge. |
FIELD: construction.
SUBSTANCE: according to the first version, the method to make decorative items with a filler from amber and/or wastes of its processing with thickness of not more than 20 mm includes preparation of a moulding compound, at the ratio of components, wt %: caustic magnesite 20-25 filler - amber 10-15 magnesium chloride solution 20-25 filler - quartz sand balance, which is poured into a mould of the necessary size, compacted with vibration for 0.5 - 1 minute, dried at 13-30°C for 1-3 days, then taken out of the mould, ground, polished, final polishing is done, for instance, with a mixture from paraffin and wax for setting or, if required, coated with a varnish. The second and third versions are characterised for the method of making decorative items.
EFFECT: invention provides for strength, ecological safety of decorative items with a filler of amber or wastes of its processing at simultaneous simplification of the manufacturing method and reduced labour intensiveness, cheaper products.
3 cl, 5 dwg
The invention relates to the production of decorative items, which can be used for interior decoration, such as floors, walls, window sills, tabletops, mosaic decorative panels on the walls of buildings with the use of a filler of amber and/or amber waste production, especially those still not used.
The use of amber and amber waste for the production of decorative products known for a long time. The most famous work is the Amber room, which was created by the German and Danish masters for the Prussian king Friedrich 1. Masterpiece consisted of the amber panels, ornaments and pictures that were mounted on a wooden base (see http://ru.wikipedia.org).
Currently the products obtained known methods, are rare author's works, a very expensive and require constant care, because amber is a very fragile material.
In the Kaliningrad region on the Baltic sea is the largest Deposit of amber extraction and processing which is engaged in 1947, the Kaliningrad amber factory. In the 80-90-ies produced up to 700 tons of amber in the year, which were processed at amber plant. Ways of processing of amber allow you to get amber jewelry, amber oil, processed amber, molded amber, amber acid, and much more. However, there is no use as amber and its various waste in processing for manufacturing durable, cheap decorative items, for example, for the interior decoration of various premises.
The Kaliningrad amber plant for many years and have accumulated a variety of waste, some of them have not yet found an application. Consolidation of amber on the surface of the product is made difficult because of the characteristic properties of amber. No industrial production, for example, for the manufacture of decorative building products, such as floors, ceilings, walls, countertops, and more using as a filler amber and its various wastes, including unclaimed at the moment, which include slag, and other
The applicant considered all known ways of processing of amber for making decorative products using filler amber and waste processing. The problem of using amber and/or waste processing in the fragility of the filler. Amber difficult to pin on the surface of the product, as well as the manufacture to ensure that the surface of decorative articles with the filler made of amber had the strength in the long-term use, the product is environmentally friendly.
There is a method of manufacturing of decorative products made with the filler made of amber (patent RU 2151700, IPC 44 5/00, 04 28/18), by filling in the mold compositions on the basis of amber with the addition of polymer binder, accelerator and hardener. In the process of preparation of decorative composite material used as a filler amber low quality of the various factions and amber waste production without grinding, which at the stage of preparation are sorted by color and size, dividing into several groups. Then each group filler process gelcoat, determine the ratio of the mass of each of the groups of the filler and the polymer matrix. After that, prepare molding lay it in a special form and after that a composition in the following ratio , wt.%:
filler - amber
40-70 gelcoat 3-4unsaturated essential resin
55-25 hardener 1-0,5accelerator
1-0,5The molding is carried out manually or vibration method for 20-40 minutes. After hardening, the product is removed from the mold and dried in a drying oven for 3-4 hours at a temperature of 50-70°N
The disadvantage of this method, limiting its application, is the considerable complexity of the process, including extracting casting out of shape due to the high adhesion of the composition to the material form, as well as a relatively low purity of the surface) of castings. To facilitate the removal of castings from the shape of the working surface of the wall is covered with a protective layer of gel coat or other materials referred to reduce adhesion. Used pigmented resin (gelcoat)that are related to harmful substances during manufacturing, and during the further use of finished products.
There is a method of production of end of the bezel (patent RU 2335391, IPC 27 3/04) for use in the interior of the premises: walls, floors, ceilings, countertops, etc. The method involves the processing of wooden dice composite, consisting of transparent polyester resin and filler in the form of powdered fraction of amber.
Disadvantage of this method is a complex, multistage, time-consuming manufacturing process, which allows you to produce small lots of products filled with amber flour. Use in the manufacture of polyester resins requires the observance of the work with harmful substances. Products manufactured in such a way is not strong, require special care and polyester resin can evaporate for a long time that violates the environment and harmful to the health of anyone who uses the products manufactured in this way.
There is a method of production of wooden inlaid amber (patent RU 2294843, IPC 44 1/28), which includes preliminary preparation of wood and amber, co-location in accordance with the sketch and impregnation of amber polymer resins. Amber different factions and color plates are made in accordance with the sketch cut out of items, and on the basis of wood through cut out fragments. Then, in accordance with the sketch assemble the product, which in the wooden basis instead of the cut pieces are equipped with a gap of amber items, the gap is filled polymeric compound composed of polyester resin.
Disadvantage of this method is a complex, multistage, time-consuming manufacturing process, which allows you to produce small batches. Use in the manufacture of polymer resins requires the observance of the work with harmful substances. Products manufactured in such a way is not strong, require special care and polymer resins may evaporate for a long time that violates the environment and harmful to the health of anyone who uses the products manufactured in this way.
Disadvantages of all the above methods are: the use for fixing amber polymer resins, compounds, polymers, gelcoats, complex multi-stage difficult technology of fastening of amber using a large amount of manual labor. Obtained by means of such a product does not have the strength, environmental safety, and require constant care.
Known methods of manufacturing of decorative products using mineral magnesia binder. For these methods are characterized by the absence of harmful substances in the process, simplicity and low cost, durability. Decorative products have the strength of environmental safety.
There is a method of manufacturing of facing and decorative products made of artificial stone (application EN 93031201, IPC 04 28/30) on the basis of a magnesia astringent. For obtaining of a decorative layer using pigments.
The disadvantages include the fact that the filler is not used amber and/or waste processing.
There is a method of manufacturing of construction products on binder (patent RU 2121987, IPC 04 28/30), which includes crossing of magnesia powder, mineral filler and water solution of magnesium chloride, forming products and their cure. Mineral filler activate joint grinding with chemical additive or mineral Supplement to the specific surface of particles 1000-3500 cm/g with a ratio of the components. The distinctive feature of this method is not just a joint application of mineral filler, mineral Supplement and/or chemical additives (superplasticizer), and the use of activated filler with polyfunctional effect.
Manufacturing of construction products on binder is the preparation, dosage and mixing of powder magnesia usta magnesite, filler with subsequent chloride of magnesium with mixing before reception of a homogeneous mixture, which then level, compact vibration (3), at 25 OC in within 10 hours, then the samples and stored under the same conditions 28 days.
Disadvantage of this method for the production of plates, panels, partitions, window sills, table tops, wall blocks, doors etc. is something that is used only mineral filler to improve strength and water resistance without the decorative surface of products.
There is a method of manufacturing of building materials on gypsum- binder (patent RU 2376260, IPC 04 28/30, 04 111/20), which involves mixing activated powder on the basis of a magnesia usta magnesite, magnesium chloride solution and filler. As a placeholder small (0-5 mm) and major (5-40 mm) can be used as inorganic (gravel, quartz sand, gravel, crushed marble, crushed brick, crushed slag, asbestos and others), and organic fillers (wood flour, sawdust, shavings, chopped straw, husks, waste paper and other).
Ratio components in a joint grinding is, wt.%:
powder caustic magnesia
40-70tricalcium phosphate
1-8 3-12methyl cellulose
0,04-0,6plaster building
restAnd the ratio of the components in the total mixture is, weight.%:
Activated powder
10-18Solution of magnesium chloride in water
density of 1.15-1.30 g/cm 3 )
10-18 Sand 10-25Crushed stone
restManufacturing of construction products on binder is in preparation, dosage and mixing of powder magnesia usta magnesite, filler with subsequent chloride of magnesium with stirring until a homogeneous mixture, which is then equalize, condense vibration (3), at 25 deg C for 10 hours, then the samples and stored under the same conditions 28 days.
Disadvantage of this method for the production of plates, panels, partitions, window sills, table tops, wall blocks, doors, etc. aimed at improving their strength and water resistance is the use of various mineral and organic fillers, including for obtaining of decorative properties of the products. Among the listed organic fillers do not specify a natural filler amber, and how you want to receive articles with the filler made of amber and/or waste processing according to their physical properties and characteristics.
The closest adopted for the prototype, is a method of manufacturing construction materials binder (patent RU 2222508, IPC 04 28/30), which includes a mixture of powder magnesia usta magnesite, mineral supplements, superplasticizer, aqueous solution of magnesium chloride and placeholder with the subsequent formation and solidification of the mixture. As placeholder (small: up to 5 mm and large 5-40 mm) can be used as inorganic (gravel, quartz sand, gravel, crushed marble, crushed brick, crushed slag, asbestos and others), and organic fillers (wood flour, sawdust, shavings, chopped straw, husks, waste paper and others). Particle size of the coarse aggregate shall not exceed 1/3 thickness of produced products.
Manufacturing of construction products on binder is in preparation, dosage and mixing of powder magnesia usta magnesite, filler with subsequent chloride of magnesium with mixing before reception of a homogeneous mixture, which then level, compact vibration (3), then at 20±2 degrees C for 10 hours, then the samples and stored under the same conditions 28 days.
A well-known object cannot be applied because it has disadvantages. The disadvantage of the production of plates, panels, partitions, window sills, table tops, wall blocks, doors, aimed at increasing their strength and water resistance as well as decorative properties of the products, is to use the various mineral and organic fillers, among which is not specified natural filler amber, and how to obtain durable products filled with amber and/or waste processing according to their physical properties and characteristics.
The invention created using the issue of creation of strong, ecologically safe and decorative articles with the filler made of amber and/or waste processing (, slag and others who previously were not used) while simplifying the method of manufacture and, accordingly, reduce complexity, and reduce the production cost.
The applicant offered three variants of solution of the task.
In the first option for obtaining products of a thickness not exceeding 20 mm, without specified in advance drawing on the surface of the product are the smallest waste processing of amber.
This problem is solved by the fact that in the known method after the preparation of the filler by sorting perform batch basic mixture molding material, which included caustic magnesite, solution of magnesium chloride, filler amber and/or its waste, quartz sand with the following component ratio, mass%:
caustic magnesite
20-25filler, amber
10-15solution of magnesium chloride
20-25placeholder, quartz sand
restThe obtained mixture is poured into a mold of the desired size, put on a vibrating table 0.5-1.0 minutes, then the shape is moved into the drying chamber where dried at a temperature of 13 to 30 OC for 1-3 days depending on the thickness of product. Then the product after hardening removed from the mold, processed by grinding with diamond abrasives and with materials.
Proposed method of manufacturing of decorative products filled with amber and/or waste processing (the first option), including the preparation of a molding material in the structure of magnesia usta magnesite, magnesium chloride solution, filler, the filler character (quartz sand) with the subsequent forming, sealing vibration, curing, drying, wherein as filler used amber and/or its waste, the ratio of the components molding material is, wt.%:
caustic magnesite
20-25filler, amber
10-15solution of magnesium chloride
20-25placeholder, quartz sand
restMoulding mass is poured into forms of the necessary size, compact vibration during 0.5-1 minutes, then dried at a temperature of 13 to 30 OC for 1-3 days. Then the product after hardening removed from the mold, processed by grinding with diamond abrasives and with materials.
The proposed method is as follows (the first option).
A method of manufacturing of decorative products without the preset picture when used as a filler mainly waste processing of amber (slag, ) most of the fines includes the preparation of the filler, it is sorted, then the dough molding material, the composition of which includes caustic magnesite, solution of magnesium chloride, the sand, the ratio of the components molding material is, wt.%:
caustic magnesite
20-25filler, amber
10-15solution of magnesium chloride
20-25placeholder, quartz sand
restMolding mass is poured into forms of the necessary size, compact vibration during 0.5-1 minutes, then dried at a temperature of 13 to 30 OC for 1-3 days.
Then do the work of extracting the product from the mold, its grinding, polishing, final polishing with a mixture of paraffin and wax pin or, if necessary, varnish.
The applicant may give specific examples of decorative items, received in accordance with the above principles.
1 shows a photograph of the tiles in the form of decorative products using as filler mainly waste processing of amber most small factions throughout the product's volume.
Figure 2 shows a photograph of the tiles in the form of decorative products using as filler mainly waste processing of amber () most small factions throughout the product's volume.
Decorative tile surface with amber turned out to be durable, environmentally safe, durable, cheap result in simplified manufacturing technology. It should also be noted that the used waste processing of amber, still not finding application in production.
Thus, the proposed method for decorative products filled with amber and/or waste processing allows you to get a cheap, environmentally friendly, cost-effective, safe decorative material for use in residential, public places, including schools, the hospitals.
In the second option for obtaining products without the specified image on the surface of the product, of a thickness exceeding 20 mm, used filler amber and/or waste processing of amber.
This problem is solved by the fact that in the known method depending on the thickness of the decorative products more than 20 mm to save the filler and lighten the weight of the products method of manufacturing of decorative products includes two stages. At the first stage performed all stages of a method of manufacturing of decorative products filled with amber according to the first variant, completing the dryer. The second stage includes preparation of moulding mass in the composition of the components in the same proportion with the use of sawdust instead of amber and/or waste it processing, then the form installed on the vibrating table 1-2 minutes to remove air bubbles and levelling filled masses, then perform drying in the drying chamber at a temperature below 16 C, With not less than two days, and then remove the product from the form, his grind, Polish, perform final polishing, for example, a mixture of paraffin and wax pin or, if necessary, varnish.
Proposed method of manufacturing of decorative products filled with amber (the second option), including the preparation of molding material, which included caustic Magnezit solution of magnesium chloride, filler, filler (quartz sand) with the subsequent forming, sealing vibration, curing, drying, wherein in the capacity of filler is used the amber and/or waste processing, method of manufacture includes two stages, the first stage perform all stages of the first option to complete drying, the ratio of the components molding material is, wt.%:
caustic magnesite
20-25filler, amber
10-15solution of magnesium chloride
20-25placeholder, quartz sand
restAt the second stage molding prepared with the same components, but instead of filler, which is used as amber and/or waste processing is enabled filler sawdust, pour on the first layer filled with amber and/or waste processing, after what condense vibration within 1-2 minutes, perform drying in the drying chamber at a temperature below 16 C, With not less than two days, and then do the work of extracting the product from the mold, its grinding, polishing, final polishing, for example a mixture of paraffin and wax to secure, or, if necessary, varnish.
The proposed method of manufacturing of decorative products filled with amber and/or waste processing is as follows.
The applicant may give specific examples of decorative items, received in accordance with the above principles (the second option).
Figure 2 - a photo of a table, the table-top which has a thickness over 20 mm, decorative items filled with amber, mainly waste production (slag, )in the upper layer of the product and filled with sawdust in the second layer of the product. Decorative surface countertops with amber and waste production was strong, environmentally safe, durable, cheap result in simplified manufacturing technology. It should also be noted that the used waste processing of amber, still not finding application in production.
Thus, the proposed method for decorative products filled with amber and/or waste production allows to get a cheap, ecologically clean, cost-effective, safe decorative material for use in residential, public places, including schools, hospitals.
The third option for obtaining products with a pre-defined pattern, for example, in the form of a mosaic on the surface of the product is used as filler amber and wastes of processing of amber.
This problem is solved by the fact that in the known method of manufacturing of decorative products with a filler in the form of pieces of amber is done according to a predetermined pattern, such as mosaic. According to a predetermined sketch selected and sorted amber and/or waste for the picture, which laid out small pieces of amber on the bottom of the preset sizes and thickness of product. Inlaid picture mosaic pour formulation, which includes caustic magnesite and solution of magnesium chloride in a ratio, mass%: 60-70 and 40-30 to cover completely the picture of a filler in the form of pieces of amber and leave for 5-6 hours. Then composition, the composition of which includes caustic Magnezit solution of magnesium chloride, sawdust, sand, in the ratio of components, molding material, mass%:
caustic magnesite
20-25filler, sawdust
10-15solution of magnesium chloride
20-25placeholder, quartz sand
restpour on the first layer up to the height of the desired size, shape installed on the vibrating table to remove air bubbles and levelling filled masses for 1-2 minutes, then perform drying in the drying chamber at a temperature below 16 C, With not less than two days, after which the product is recovered from the form and subject grinding, for example by the diamond abrasives, until the surface of the image mosaic of amber, which is polished skins.
Proposed method of manufacturing of decorative products filled with amber and/or waste for decorative products (third option), including the preparation of molding material, which included caustic magnesite, solution of magnesium chloride, filler, filler (quartz sand), with the subsequent forming, sealing vibration, curing, drying, wherein in the capacity of filler is used the amber and/or waste it production, laid out by a predetermined pattern, for example in form of a mosaic, pour formulation, which includes caustic magnesite and solution of magnesium chloride in a ratio of the weight.%: 60-70 and 40-30 to cover completely the picture of the filler and leave for 5-6 hours, after that the moulding mass, composition of which is compiled in the ratio, mass%:
caustic magnesite
20-25filler, sawdust
10-15solution of magnesium chloride
20-25placeholder, quartz sand
restpour on the first layer to the height of the desired size of the product and form installed on the vibrating table to remove air bubbles and levelling filled masses for 1-2 minutes, then perform drying in the drying chamber at a temperature below 16 C, With not less than two days, after which the product is recovered from the form and subject grinding, for example diamond abrasives, until the surface of the image mosaic of amber, which is polished skins.
The proposed method of manufacturing of decorative products filled with amber and/or waste processing is as follows.
Method of manufacturing of decorative products filled with amber and/or waste for decorative products, such as tiles on the surface, includes two stages. According to a predetermined sketch selected and sorted amber and/or waste for the picture, which laid out small pieces of amber on the bottom of the preset sizes and thickness of product. Inlaid picture mosaic pour formulation, which includes caustic magnesite and solution of magnesium chloride in a ratio, mass%: 60-70 and 40-30 to cover completely the picture of a filler in the form of pieces of amber and leave for 5-6 hours. Then composition, the composition of which includes caustic Magnezit solution of magnesium chloride, sawdust, sand in the ratio of components, molding material, mass%:
caustic magnesite
20-25filler, sawdust
10-15solution of magnesium chloride
20-25placeholder, quartz sand
restpour on the first layer to the height of the desired size, shape installed on the vibrating table to remove air bubbles and levelling filled masses for 1-2 minutes, then perform drying in the drying chamber at a temperature below 16 C, With not less than two days, after which the product is recovered from the form and subject grinding, for example by the diamond abrasives, until the surface of the image mosaic of amber, which is polished skins.
The applicant may give specific examples of decorative items, received in accordance with the above principles.
Figure 4 shows a picture of the table, tabletop which is a decorative items filled with amber and production wastes in the form of mosaic in the upper layer.
Figure 5 shows a photograph of the panel (Firebird), which is also a decorative weapon in the form of a mosaic, made from amber and waste production.
Decorative surface countertops, and a panel with amber turned out to be durable, environmentally safe, durable, cheap result in simplified manufacturing technology.
Thus, the proposed method for decorative products filled with amber and/or waste production allows get a cheap, environmentally friendly, cost-effective, safe decorative material for use in residential, public places, including schools, hospitals.
Additionally it should be noted that the use of unclaimed waste processing of amber will not only get a variety of decorative products and complex to use amber without waste than it will also improved the ecological situation on the territory of the Kaliningrad amber plant and received additional profit.
1. Method of manufacturing of decorative products filled with amber and/or waste processing, including preparation of moulding mass consisting of magnesia usta magnesite, magnesium chloride solution, filler, filler - quartz sand, with the subsequent forming, sealing vibration, curing, drying, wherein in the capacity of filler used amber and/or its waste, molding prepared in a ratio of components, mass%:
caustic magnesite
20-25filler - amber
10-15solution of magnesium chloride
20-25placeholder - quartz sand
the rest,
fill in the form the desired size, compact vibration during 0.5-1 min, dried at a temperature of 13 to 30 OC for 1-3 days, then remove from the form, grind, Polish, handle the final polishing, for example, a mixture of paraffin and wax pin or, if necessary, varnish.
2. Way manufacturing of decorative products filled with amber and/or waste processing, including preparation of moulding mass consisting of magnesia usta magnesite, magnesium chloride solution, filler, filler - quartz sand, with the subsequent forming, sealing vibration curing, drying, wherein in the capacity of filler is used the amber and/or its waste, method of manufacture includes two stages, the first stage perform all stages according to claim 1, including the completion of drying, in a ratio of components, molding material, mass%:
caustic magnesite
20-25filler - amber
10-15solution of magnesium chloride
20-25placeholder - quartz sand
the rest,
at the second stage molding prepared with the same components, using as a filler sawdust, then molding pour on the first layer to the height of the desired product size, compact vibration within 1-2 minutes, perform drying in the drying chamber at a temperature below 16 C, With not less than two days, and then remove the product from the form, grind, Polish, handle the final polishing, for example, a mixture of paraffin and wax for fixing or, if necessary, varnish.
3. Method of manufacturing of decorative products filled with amber and/or waste processing, including preparation of moulding mass consisting of magnesia usta magnesite, magnesium chloride solution, filler, filler - quartz sand, with the subsequent forming, sealing vibration, curing, drying, wherein in the capacity of filler is used the amber and/or waste production, which is spread by a predetermined pattern, for example, in the form of a mosaic, pour band, which included caustic magnesite and solution of magnesium chloride in a ratio, mass%: 60-70 and 40-30 to cover completely the picture of the filler and leave for 5-6 hours, then molding mass ratio, mass%:
caustic magnesite
20-25filler - sawdust
10-15solution magnesium chloride
20-25placeholder - quartz sand
the rest,
pour on the first layer to the height of the desired product size, compact vibration within 1-2 minutes, perform drying in the drying chamber at a temperature below 16 C, With not less than two days, and then remove the product from form, polished, for example, by the diamond abrasives, until the surface of the image mosaic of amber, which is polished skins.