Reinforced skin, in particular for sausage goods

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: in reinforced skin in the form of tubular lattice braiding net, wales of which, being formed by at least two threads, are connected to each other in crossing points, besides wales pass in longitudinal and transverse direction along introduced round and oblong filling element, it is provided that braiding net (3) is arranged in the form of longitudinally bent or corrugate net made of bent arched sections joined as a whole and passing in two or three axial planes.

EFFECT: reinforced skin arranged according to invention is used to give natural bent shape to sausage and meat goods, at the same time it is produced mechanically in a simple and efficient manner.

20 cl, 5 dwg

The invention relates to reinforced shell is made mechanically tubular lattice mesh braiding, woven columns which formed, at least two threads are connected to each other at the points of crossing, and the hinge bars are held in longitudinal and transverse direction in the introduced round and elongated filling element.

Reinforced shell of the corresponding species are known from the publication DE 1798085 U1. Such reinforced shell to put on, in particular, smoked meats, such as sausage or similar, fill in the membrane in the form of ulcers or pipe.

Reinforced shell consists of a mesh textile filament connections. Reinforced shell provides, in particular, for stacking of sausage products for the purpose of transportation. Reinforced shell protects against rupture of the bottom shell of sausage products in the form of ulcers or pipes under the action of the weight lying on them in the pile of sausages. In addition, the sausage product retains an elongated shape and can be suspended even if a great weight without damaging the shell. In addition, from the publication it is known that such reinforced membranes are made of so-called "Milan" networks handmade or manufactured also specificati the way. In this case, the reinforced membrane is made by mechanical means in the form of a tubular lattice mesh braiding, woven columns which formed, at least two threads are connected to each other at the points of crossing. This embodiment of the shell opens, essentially, the opportunity for its cheap manufacturing and adapt to different sizes and types of sausage products, particularly smoked sausage products. In this case the hinge bars may be held diagonally in such a way that their point of crossing is located on passing in the longitudinal direction of the sausage product range, and interconnected with each other passing in the longitudinal direction of the sausage products other looped column, thereby creating the possibility of suspension is also very long and hard sausage for associated at the end of sausages finish reinforced shell. In addition, from a publication known this embodiment diagonal hinge bars where they go, respectively, with their ends in passing in the longitudinal direction of the sausage fingered column, in which the threads diagonal hinge bars so intertwined that passing in the longitudinal direction of the hinge bar is twice as big is the thickness, compared to the diagonal hinge posts. The most strong reinforced shell is obtained if the hinge bars are located relative to each other essentially at right angles and are held in longitudinal and transverse direction of the sausage so that spaced in the longitudinal direction of the hinge bars are intertwined threads. Due to this forms a very strong reinforced shell and creates the opportunity to link sausages quite high stacks at overload their vehicles or rail vehicles. Your threads are inelastic threads.

From the publication DE 9107065 U1 also known reinforced shell serving as sausage casings, in which the shell element is divided at least once in the longitudinal direction of the pipe and is connected along its located on the site of division of the longitudinal section of the thread passing through the shell element, not tying up his so that he was stretched in the longitudinal direction. Presents the reinforced membrane is, in General, for the same has already been described in the description of the target.

Reinforced shell mesh for sausage also known from the publications DE 2912961 C2 and DE 2925600 C2. Reinforced shell consists of a tubular mesh made of woven or related is Ethel, at least two strands, made, respectively, at least one strand of textile material. In the first publication, which was cited in each strand of the loop together with textile threads provided at least one strand of elastic material. In accordance with the second mentioned publication, only one strand of each loop, at least one of vertical and/or one passing transversely of the number of loops is used, at least one thread of elastomeric material. Strands of elastic material have such an impact that even during the shrinkage process, in particular, after the shrinkage process filled with hard sausage casing adjacent to the sausage casing. Added inelastic thread helps to ensure that when filling sausage intestine, in particular sausage casing, reinforced membrane is not stretched along with it, so that the plot hinges reinforced shell formed thickening acting on the plane of the grid and separated from each other by recesses in the form of grooves, which are looped wand. Depending on the execution of loops, in particular, limited grid cells, thickening of sausages create different optical effects.

Elastic strengthening of sausages and meat products through the mesh structures is, in addition, it is known from DE 1951900 U1. It consists of a tubular loop mesh, made of single textile threads or yarns, and stretched on sausage or meat products. The loops of the mesh have the shape of a diamond-shape, forming a loop sticks are preferably diagonally to the axis of the pipe. Hinge sticks formed a strongly twisted, winding fully synthetic threads.

In addition, the flexible tubular network for coupling sausages or similar products known from the publication AT 300534 C.

All known reinforced shells one inherent disadvantage in their use mainly only for meat and meat products, which has an elongated, almost straight-line fillable form. Therefore, the known reinforced shell may not apply to meat and meat products, having a curved shape, or require this form. Smoked sausage, stuffed into natural or artificial casings in the form of ulcers, may also have a curved shape. In addition, often sought sheath having a curved shape, giving the impression of natural forms.

The objective of the invention is to provide a reinforced shell that is used to impart a curved shape of sausage and meat products, simply and economically produced also by mechanical means./p>

The objective of the invention is solved by improvements enhanced membrane as described in claim 1 of the formula of the invention features, in accordance with which the braiding mesh is made curved in the longitudinal direction or wavy grid, consisting of United in one curved sections, passing two or three axial planes. In particular, the curved shape is not due to simple differences in the elasticity of the grid, and due to the set giving the grid in its manufacture of this form and complete it so curved in the longitudinal direction, so that the grid defines a curved shape sausage or meat products. In addition, the reinforced membrane may consist of various curved sections made United together, so to get a wavy structure. This wavy structure can be carried out in two or even in three axial planes, and performing in three axial planes means that the reinforced shell has the shape of a fishing corkscrew. You can also see that the round shape is obtained when the corresponding grid production. In addition, it is seen that even when inelastic shell filling element is forced shape due to specified dimensions reinforced shell. If, moreover, the shell filling element status is it from a stretchable material, we can see that the pressure during the filling process on the mesh structure can be formed thickening, distinctly protruding, and which is characterized by the fact that they have cells, limited longitudinal and transverse threads, in particular the walls of the loops. In particular, for this purpose is the use of a combination of inelastic and elastic yarns to and after the shrinkage process of the product grid is still stuck to the shell filling element, such as a bounding box, the grooves are automatically generated in the filling process. If among other things, provided in the longitudinal direction of the thread, in addition, are longitudinal curl, you can get on the surface, along with laying in a curved, wavy form or in the form of fishing corkscrew, another visible effect of the twist. Thus with a suitable choice of sheath material filling element, forward can be thickening, passing through the curved surface parts in places twists.

According to the invention it is considered important that in the manufacture of reinforced sheath yarn was supplied with consistent and dependent on its location and transmission speeds, in particular, was carried out on the nodal point or points of connection with etousa nodal point or point of connection in order to obtain the desired increased or shortened longitudinal sections to the next anchor point. This adjustable post, in particular, adjustable broaching with a different speed, is carried out or by the control device, the actuator, or by using a special roller guide for individual threads, respectively fed with the same or a changed speed by adjusting, or having a different diameter. If, in addition, there is a separate control by electric motors, the speed of drawing can be adjusted depending on the sample grid in such a way as to get the desired shapes of the cells, in particular, the loops of the mesh, for example, rectangular, square, rhombic, oval, and round cells, creating a specific optical effects. The walls of the loops can be enhanced by selecting a magnitude of the size of the loops, in particular, the dimensions between columns of cells, which are formed protruding thickening sausages along with its shell.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are detailed in the dependent claims.

In principle, the invention allows the manufacture of braiding nets having arcuate form, as in one or the other direction, for example, on bobbin machines, for example, having the shape of an "S" curved, close up is of iesa with each other. Perhaps even manufacturing and round shapes. In addition, the use of such bobbin machines allows also braiding nets of different diameter and width of the transverse threads. Moreover, it is possible to reduce the diameter of the opening in the longitudinal direction ends at the expense of transverse threads, for example, to better fit the plot of the end product to discourses shell sausage product. The most continuous manufacturing process is provided, if passing in the longitudinal direction of the strands are placed in an arc around the conditional centre so that passing or passing from the inner side of the thread shorter strands passing through the arc of a circle by external coils. The longitudinal threads communicate with each other passing in the transverse direction of the United threads that immediately after stretching to fill the item give it a curved shape or have approximately the same circumference. For example, the longitudinal yarns are connected to each other in a grid. Connections are made in bobbin machines, and passing in the transverse direction of the thread form between the longitudinal threads arcuate elements, depending on the length of the next longitudinal threads and from the corner arc and the corresponding effective radius derived from the position of the longitudinal threads on okrujno and transverse threads. The actual length is determined by the end remnants of the length of the angular measure of the arc, outside the shell the filling body. The angular measure of the arc may be, for example, 30° or 40°. Therefore, the magnitude of the radius R1 is determined by the effective radii of the other longitudinal threads related to each other within the angular measure of the arc and forming a grid. During the tensioning of the longitudinal threads and transverse threads can be produced as the trapezius and rhomboid mesh honeycomb structure. For the longitudinal yarns can be used also reinforced yarn.

The manufacturer may also be made on knitting machines or other knitting machines, which properly controls the feed speed of the individual threads.

Usually mesh for making use of inelastic yarn and yarn. However, it can also find application threads and a yarn having limited elasticity, allowing, for example, stretch by a certain amount, and in addition, having the rigid properties, so when tightening this enhanced shell on the shell sausages you can adjust tolerance. This stretching should occur in the millimeter range. The longitudinal strands and/or filaments, arranged in the transverse direction can depict ablate yarn, containing shrinkage fiber. This yarn is known. Shrinkage fiber tends to take on a certain value under the action of ultraviolet radiation, heat, cold, or due to long-term storage. The use of such a fiber has a preference, as in the case of shrinkage during prolonged drying of the filling element, for example, smoked sausage solid consistency, the grid is adapted to automatically accepts it or a smaller diameter. Such yarn may, for example, contain two-component fibers, the individual filaments are composed of at least two different components of the filaments, which, in turn, from two different polyesters/polymers.

The remaining length beyond the arc, the most suitable for the knot to ensure reliable amplification of sausage or meat products in the longitudinal direction. For example, in the most simple form of execution of the invention on a plot of 120° sausages with a diameter of about 7 to 8 cm can be distributed in three longitudinal threads, United with the cross threads. It is also possible to provide only one internal and one external longitudinal threads. However, it is usually for the manufacture of the grid, there are four longitudinal threads and a set number of transverse filaments obtained for the I rhombic or trapezoidal cells of a certain size. Can also be placed parallel to and at a small distance from each other, at least two longitudinal threads, and may provide for the distribution of such parallel arrangements around the coil circumference around the filling element. Due to this, first of all, changes in visual perception, but at the same time increases and the area of pressure. When creating such parallel arrangements must also comply with different speeds transactions, in particular, the speed of the output of the longitudinal threads.

Instead of the transverse threads between the longitudinal yarns can also be wasuwat or to weave rhombic and other grid with rhombic shapes. Perform bending in knitting or machine bobbin is made quite simply by summing the different speeds of the longitudinal guides. Supply of yarn or thread to the inner side is slower compared to following them. Thus, the following longitudinal thread faster is pulled into the machine. Machine stops the passage of the threads after each step of the grid and at the point of intersection connects the transverse filaments with longitudinal threads. Fourth longitudinal thread must be submitted in the car even faster, since it is located further that it is necessary to obtain the desired length required to create an arc shape.

Once Eesa, instead called sausage or meat products reinforced shell, you can braid and also other filling elements, for example, in the form of balloons. Thus, the produced mesh structure may be adapted for use with any products and shells curved shape. Similarly, instead of the proposed division can be divided round the circle passing transversely of the threads on two, three, or four, or even five, six, seven or eight parts, or even add between the longitudinal threads of the other, smaller mesh structure. This, of course, mean that, in accordance with these improvements of the invention and size, feed rate longitudinal threads should be regulated to obtain the desired arcuate shape.

The following is a more detailed description of the invention with reference to the illustrated drawings, the examples of the invention.

In the drawings shown:

Figure 1 curved sausage product with reinforced membrane according to the invention,

Figure 2 example of the wavy shape of the sausage with the proposed enhanced shell

Figure 3 is similar to fishing corkscrew shape of the sausage with the proposed enhanced shell

Figure 4 is an example with the addition of elastic yarn in the yarn of inelastic yarn,

Figure 5 is an example of different samples braid.

On Phi is .1 as a fill body 1 shown sausage, in particular, smoked sausage, stuffed into the shell. Shell filling body 1 can be pre-manufactured textile sheath or natural gut. From the side she ends tied up. In the ligation is formed twisted end 2 of the shell sausage. Pictured sausage wrapped made in accordance with the invention, the curved reinforced shell 3 in the form of a lattice mesh braiding. This braiding grid has a longitudinal filaments 4A, 4b and 4C. In this case we are talking about the four longitudinal threads located around the circumference of enhanced shell respectively offset by 90°, with one longitudinal thread is not shown. The longitudinal yarns are composed of yarn that can be strengthened. The longitudinal threads 4A, 4b and 4C (the lower longitudinal thread is not visible) connected by transverse threads 5. Transverse threads 5 are respectively circumferentially formed together with the adjacent longitudinal threads 4A, 4b and 4C trapezoidal cell 6, reinforcing a separate part of the shell the filling of the body 1. The length of the reinforced shell 3 is determined by the angle φ, and the remainder of the 7 length of the lower side and fastened balance 8 the length of the top side. To obtain a curved shape by knitting or machine bobbin received in the machine longitudinal threads 4A, 4b, 4C must be submitted with different / min net is using. Located inside the longitudinal thread 4A passing through the arc of a circle with a nominal radius R1, served in the car relatively slowly, while the average longitudinal thread 4C with an effective radius R_eff1served faster with the aim of obtaining the desired trapezoidal cells and preservation of arcuate shape. Even faster is served external longitudinal thread 4b with a nominal radius R_eff2to associate her with the cross-thread 5. During linking, feed for a short time, and then the filament 4A, 4b and 4C are served with different speeds to associate with transverse threads 5. In consequence, we get the desired grid, shown on the drawing. Of course, you can also forgo residues 7, 8 length, or to perform transverse filament 9 and 10 on the plots of residues 7, 8 length shortened. Also the transverse filament can be reinforced. It depends in each case on the application.

Figure 2 presents the wavy form of enhanced shell 3. It takes in two planes form sausages during stuffing the filling of the body 1.

Figure 3 shows an example implementation of the invention in three axial planes, which can be seen as at the expense of connection with each other, in particular, when the endless production, can produce strong shell spiral form, acquiring the form of a worm is ri stuffing filling body 1.

Figure 4 shows the mesh structure in which the longitudinal threads 12 on the one hand abrucena elastic filaments 13 and on the other side of the elastic filaments 13 povezani as weft threads, so that in both directions provided contraction, if the sausage product in the drying will shrink. It may be provided that the longitudinal yarns promazyvaetsya together or ignored. In addition, accordingly, create the wrapper transverse filament can be elastic or additionally provided with non-elastic yarn, so that after the shrinkage process to facilitate the adherence of the mesh to the shell. For professionals there are various options open, for example, described in the publications DE 2925600 C2 and DE 2912961 C2.

Figure 5 according to the invention is shown another example of the tubular product, which is characterized by a large area of coverage.

The LIST of DESIGNATIONS

1. Filling the body.

2. Twisted end of the casing sausages.

3. Shell enhanced strength (mesh braid).

4A. Longitudinal thread.

4b. Longitudinal thread.

4C. Longitudinal thread.

5. Cross thread.

6. Trapezoidal cell.

7. The remainder of the length.

8. The remainder of the length.

9. Cross thread.

10. Cross thread.

11. Center.

12. Inelastic thread.

13. Elastic thread.

1. Reinforced shell manufactured blennow mechanically tubular lattice mesh braiding, woven columns which formed, at least two threads are connected to each other at the points of crossing, and the hinge bars are held in longitudinal and transverse direction in the introduced round and elongated filling element, characterized in that the braiding net (3) are designed as curved in the longitudinal direction or wavy grid, consisting of United in one curved sections, passing two or three axial planes.

2. Shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the passing in the longitudinal direction of the thread (4A, 4b, 4C) optionally pass with longitudinal twisting.

3. Shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the passing in the longitudinal direction of the thread (4A, 4b, 4C) are depending on the arc or portion of the arc around the conditional centre, in accordance with the desired arc or part of an arc so that the passing or passing from the inner side of the thread (4A) shorter strands (4b, 4C), passing along the arc of a circle by external coils.

4. Shell according to claim 3, characterized in that the inner longitudinal thread (4A) has a length defined by an arc angle (φ) of a circle with a nominal radius (R1) and that the length of the following longitudinal threads (4, 4b) defined by the arc angle (φ) and the corresponding effective radii (R_eff1and R_eff2)derived from the position of the longitudinal threads (4A, 4b, 4C on the circumference of the transverse filaments (5, 9, 10), and the actual length is determined by the end-residues (7, 8) the length of the angular measure of the arc.

5. Shell according to claim 1, characterized in that tied in the transverse direction of the thread (5) of the shell, covering the filling element (1), in particular a shell (1) filling element around the circumference, have almost the same or approximately the same circumference, attached to longitudinal threads (4A, 4b, 4C) and is formed between the longitudinal strands of the circular arc segments.

6. Shell according to claim 4, characterized in that tied in the transverse direction of the thread (5) of the shell, covering the filling element (1), in particular a shell (1) filling element around the circumference, have almost the same or approximately the same circumference, attached to longitudinal threads (4A, 4b, 4C) and is formed between the longitudinal strands of the circular arc segments.

7. Shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the cells (6) lattice braiding nets have a trapezoid shape, and on the inner side of the corresponding longitudinal threads (4A, 4b, 4C) distance less than the outer side of the corresponding longitudinal threads (4A, 4b, 4C).

8. Shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal threads (4A, 4b, 4C) and cross-covering sheath filaments (5, 9, 10) are yarn.

9. Shell according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the longitudinal threads (4A, 4b, 4C) passing in the longitudinal direction p is positive column covering shell threads (5) are interlaced with each other.

10. Shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse filament (9, 10) shorter end sections of the filling element (1) and its length is adjusted to the diameter of the filling element (1).

11. Shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the braiding grid (3) is exposed on the end faces of the ends (8) of the threads to bind.

12. Shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the threads (4A, 4b, 4C, 5, 9, 10) elastic and/or inelastic, or at least covering sheath filaments have one inelastic fibre or fibre, combined with elastic fiber or the same fiber.

13. Shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling element (1) made in the form of elastic or inelastic shell stuffed sausage product, in particular smoked sausage product.

14. Shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the braiding grid (3) is divided into two, three, four, five, six, seven or eight pieces around the circumference of the filling element (1), and the longitudinal threads (4A, 4b, 4C) are attached to the points of division.

15. Shell 14, characterized in that at least two longitudinal threads (4A, 4b, 4C) is placed at a small distance and in parallel relation to each other to form one longitudinal thread, and such parallel composition is provided around the entire circumference around the filling element.

16. Shell according to claim 1, wherein the product is further threads (4A, 4b, 4C) and/or threads (5), passing in the transverse direction, are yarn having a fiber, compressible and compressible fiber sits down by a certain amount under the action of ultraviolet radiation, heat, cold, or due to long-term storage.

17. Shell 12, characterized in that the longitudinal threads (4A, 4b, 4C) and/or threads (5), passing in the transverse direction, are yarn having a fiber, compressible and compressible fiber sits down by a certain amount under the action of ultraviolet radiation, heat, cold, or due to long-term storage.

18. Shell item 16, characterized in that the yarn contains a two-component fibers, the individual filaments are composed of at least two different components of the filaments, which, in turn, from two different polyesters/polymers.

19. Shell according to claim 1, characterized in that between the longitudinal threads (4A, 4b, 4C) or under their inclusion of transverse threads so formed hexagonal, rhombic, triangular, square or oval grid cell.

20. Shell according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the braiding net is produced on knitting machines, knitting or bobbin machines, and control flow rates of longitudinal threads (4A, 4b, 4C), differ the t other results in different lengths of longitudinal threads (4A, 4b, 4C), and by changing the flow rates of the transverse filaments (5) is povezivanje braid on the model taking into account the curved or wavy longitudinal length of the braid.