Twin-screw extruder

IPC classes for russian patent Twin-screw extruder (RU 2371314):

B30B11/24 - using screws or worms

Another patents in same IPC classes:

Method of producing of briquettes and installation for briquettes' manufacturing / 2364617

Invention relates to installation and method of producing of briquettes from wastes of vegetable raw materials in the form of sawdusts of husks, peels etc. used in the capacity of secondary raw materials or for burning in domestic and industrial fire chambers. Installation for manufacturing of combustive briquettes, contains case with loading tray, outfitted by agitator, taper chamber, located by converge end to exhaust port, drive compressing arrangement in the form of fixed lengthwise taper chamber of screw with decreased to the side of exhaust port diametre and discharging into exhaust port, outfitted by changeable moulding bush and thermal processing chamber, herewith it additionally contains division mechanism on measured section, installed at withdrawal from exhaust port, implemented in the form of limiter installed with ability of movement and position fixation on guide, fixed on outlet of exhaust port, thermal processing chamber is installed co-axial to exhaust port and taper chamber up to its middle part, herewith screw is implemented at a constant pitch and with changeable end, and agitator is implemented in the form of two specular located driving screws, fixed on walls of loading hopper with ability of blade rotation towards to each other and in the direction, perpendicular to axis of compressing device-screw. Also it is described method of producing of combustive briquettes with usage of this installation. Method includes feeding of vegetable raw materials with humidity 4-12% and breakup 2-10 mm, its compressing, following forming and division, herewith briquettes are additionally thermally treated, herewith formation is implemented continuously and simultaneously with thermal processing, implemented at 150-250°C, depending on type of raw materials, forming briquette of required section, achieved by changeable end of screw and changeable mould bush of exhaust port, after what it is implemented division for measuring sections.

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Method for extruding material, for example, starch containing material, and extrusion device / 2337826

Extrusion device consists of case in which there is endless screw and extrusion head with channels. The extrusion head is in form of two concentrically arranged bushes. One of them has channels and is rigidly joined to the endless screw with provision for in-out traversing. The other bushing is rigidly fixed to the case. The coupling diameter or the bushings does not exceed the diameter of the endless screw by more than 1.5 mm. The extrusion head can have a die hole and at least, one driftpin. The endless screw which turns inside the case acts on the material and presses it through channels in the extrusion head.

Method of cooking of the food stuff by extrusion / 2293024

The invention is pertaining to the method of cooking of the foodstuff by extrusion. The method provides for reprocessing of the first food stuff having the density from 75 up to 130 g/l in the first section of the extruder, then they reprocess the second food stuff having the density from 75 up to 130 g/l in the second section of then extruder and extrude these two food stuffs through one common or two separate outlet holes. The first and second food stuffs are reprocessed in the opposite directions and as the result of it the food stuffs are moving towards to each other using rotation of one or two augers. The first section has essentially reverse spiral or the reverse spirals, as compared with the second section. According to the method the first and second food stuffs are combined before the extrusion and after that they are extruded through the common outlet hole. The first and second food stuffs may be similar and each of them is reprocessed in the corresponding sections by the similar methods. The first and second food stuffs may be different and each of them is reprocessed in the corresponding section differently. As the result of it the method ensures reduction of friction and abrasion and also the undesirable efforts.

Press-extruder / 2266821

The invention is pertaining to equipment for processing agricultural products by extrusion and may be used in the food-processing industry. The Press-extruder contains a body of the main drive unit with a loading hopper and a feeding device, a composite feed screw and a cylindrical body of a feed screw consisting of split components. In the place of coupling of the components of the feed screw body there are the ring-type grooves for rigid fixation in them of a ring with the internal chases directed at an angle to the axis of the ring. The ring has adjustable thickness and is made in the form of several rings and washers, the total thickness of which is equal to the width of the ring-type groove. The invention ensures enhanced efficiency and stability of the extrusion process at changing of the process technological characteristics and physical-mechanical properties of the processed materials.

Screw press / 2266205

Screw press comprises housing that receives screw and pressing unit made of cylindrical casing connected with the housing. The casing receives pressing head with conical and output cylindrical molding members for permitting rotation. The surface of the head is provided with arc-shaped passages which are mounted to define baffles between them. The cylindrical casing can be provided with longitudinal grooves arranged over periphery.

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Screw press-extruder / 2203806

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in the construction of screw presses designed to obtain a molded fuel by compaction of composite materials, mainly of a mixture of peat, waste wood and timber (sawdust, shavings, shredded chips)

Press-extruder / 2191697

The invention relates to equipment for processing of agricultural products by extrusion and can be used in food, chemical and other industries

Screw press / 2266205

Press-extruder / 2266821

Method of cooking of the food stuff by extrusion / 2293024

Method for extruding material, for example, starch containing material, and extrusion device / 2337826

Screw extruder / 2338442

Extruder press / 2348531

Method of producing of briquettes and installation for briquettes' manufacturing / 2364617

Twin-screw extruder / 2371314

Invention is related to extrusion of materials and may be used in processing industries of agricultural complex. Extruder comprises body, two screws in the form of shafts with helical thread and bearing unit of screw shafts. Bearing unit includes race attached to body and internal bushes. Bushes are fixed on screw shafts with the possibility of axial and circumferential motions relative to race. Holes for pressed materials are available on bushes. Helical thread of shaft in each screw may be located at a distance to race, equal to 0.5 - 2.5 of screw radius. At the same time each shaft is arranged with a gradual reduction of diametre in direction of pressed material flow.

Extruder / 2417892

Invention relates to processing of plastic stock and may be used in food, animal feed and chemical industries. Proposed extruder comprises screw arranged in housing, made integral with adapter. Bearing is secured on said adapter. Housing accommodates extrusion die accommodating adapter with bearing to axially fix screw axle. Die inner surface has channels to withdraw products from extrusion zone arranged along generating lines. Said channels are overlapped by said bearing. Extrusion die may displace relative to housing and bearing to adjust outlet sections of said channels.

Press extruder for manufacture of peat blocks / 2433046

Invention relates to press extruders and may be used to manufacture briquettes for fuel, and also peat seeding containers. The press extruder comprises a frame (1) with brackets (3) for suspension on a power facility, an extruder (3) mounted on it with a hopper (4) to load process material, an auger (5) with an alternating pitch of turns, a drive mechanism with a safety coupling and a reducer. At the same time on an output shaft of the auger there is an end auger (6) with a stem (7) installed in a conical attachment (8). At the same time on the conical attachment at the end there is a gate (12) hingedly fixed, which covers the output hole of the conical attachment with its plane. At the same time the stem of the end auger does not reach the plane of the gate in the covered condition of the output hole of the conical attachment by value A, equal to the thickness of the bottom of the peat block (13). At the same time the gate has a drive with a device for adjustment of the rotation cycle.

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to extrusion of materials and may be used in processing industries of agricultural complex. Extruder comprises body, two screws in the form of shafts with helical thread and bearing unit of screw shafts. Bearing unit includes race attached to body and internal bushes. Bushes are fixed on screw shafts with the possibility of axial and circumferential motions relative to race. Holes for pressed materials are available on bushes. Helical thread of shaft in each screw may be located at a distance to race, equal to 0.5 - 2.5 of screw radius. At the same time each shaft is arranged with a gradual reduction of diametre in direction of pressed material flow.

EFFECT: improved reliability and durability of extruder, reduced power inputs.

4 cl, 3 dwg

The invention relates to the extrusion of the material and is intended for use in processing agro-industries.

Closest to the proposed device is an extruder, comprising a housing, the shafts of the screws with the screw cutting and bearings, forming Spinneret holes and fixed to the inner bushing bearings (see Patent CH 241091 And 15.02.1946, VS 47/20,).

The downside of it is the increased wear of the parts due to the console mounting screws and high axial load on the thrust bearings for both shafts, low reliability and durability, as well as increased energy costs.

The invention solves the problem of increasing the reliability and durability of the extruder, reducing energy costs.

To obtain such technical result of the proposed twin screw extruder includes a housing, two of the auger in the form of a shaft with a screw thread, while the extruder is equipped with a bearing unit shaft augers, including connected with the casing ring and inner sleeve, mounted on the shafts of the screws for axial and circumferential movement relative to the clip and is made with holes for the compression of the material with the screw-thread of the shaft of each screw is located at a distance from the carrier bearing unit, equal to 0,5÷2,5 glad the USA screw, and each shaft is made with a gradual decrease in diameter from the specified location of the screw thread in the direction of flow of compressible material to the inner sleeve with education connection housing with the yoke bearing Assembly cavity, while the inner sleeve is located at a distance from each other, and the diameter of the shaft at the location of the inner sleeve (D_b) defined by the following formula:

D_in=D_W(l-k_h-k_b-2k_H),

where D_W- outer diameter of the screw;

;;

where b is the distance between the inner bushing in the yoke bearing Assembly;

k_b=0,06÷0,08;

h - the depth of the screw thread of the screw;

H - thickness of the inner bushings on the radius,

in addition, the extruder is equipped with mandrels and fixed to the inner sleeve of the bearing unit nozzles, which are rotated relative to each other at an angle of 60° sectors of the inner sleeves, to avoid interaction between them during rotation of the shafts of the augers, and mentioned inner sleeve made with bandwidth holes for the compression of the material or inner sleeve made with molding holes for the compression of the material.

A distinctive feature of the proposed design is the extruder is equipped with a bearing unit shaft augers, including connected with the casing ring and inner sleeve, mounted on the shafts of the screws for axial and circumferential movement relative to the clip and is made with holes for the compression of the material with the screw-thread of the shaft of each screw is located at a distance from the carrier bearing unit, equal to 0.5÷2.5 radius of the screw, and each shaft is made with a gradual decrease in diameter from the specified location of the screw thread in the direction of flow of compressible material to the inner sleeve with education connection housing with the yoke bearing Assembly cavity, while the inner sleeve are at a distance from each other, and the diameter of the shaft at the location of the inner sleeve (D_b) defined by the following formula:

D_in=D_W(l-k_h-k_b-2k_H),

where D_W- outer diameter of the screw;

;;

where b is the distance between the inner bushing in the yoke bearing Assembly;

k_b=0,06÷0,08;

h - the depth of the screw thread of the screw;

H - thickness of the inner bushings on the radius,

in addition, the extruder is equipped with mandrels and fixed to the inner sleeves bearing the evil die, which are rotated relative to each other at an angle of 60° sectors of the inner sleeves, to avoid interaction between them during rotation of the shafts of the augers, and mentioned inner sleeve made with bandwidth holes for the compression of the material or inner sleeve made with molding holes for the compression of the material.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a twin screw extruder, figure 2 is a view along arrow b In figure 1, figure 3 is an enlarged fragment a in figure 1.

The extruder includes a housing 1, a shaft 2, 3 augers with bearings on the end of the hole 4. The housing 1 of the extruder is equipped with a holder 5 of the bearing of both shafts 2, 3 augers. Hole 4 is made in the inner sleeves 6, 7 of each bearing, which is rigidly fixed to the corresponding shaft 2, 3 screw with axial and peripheral mobility relative to the holder 5 of the bearing. Between the screw and the bearing unit is formed by the cavity 8. The cavity 8 in the connection pane of the housing 1 with the yoke 5 of the bearing is made due to the lack of cutting on the augers and the gradual reduction of the diameter of the shaft of the screw along the material flow, the distance from the carrier bearing is 0.5÷2.5 radius of the screw, and the shaft diameter augers from this place in the direction of flow of the material to the needle bearing is nick decreases to a value defined by the formula:

D_in=D_W(l-k_h-k_b-2k_H),

where D_W- outer diameter of the screw;

;;

where b is the distance between the inner bushing in the yoke bearings;

k_b=0,06÷0,08;

h - the depth of the cutting auger;

H - thickness of the bushings on the radius.

The cavity allows for small depth of cut on augers constructively to provide the necessary diameter of the holes 4 and the fastening bushings 6, 7 on the shafts 2, 3, and equalize the pressure in the extrusion cross section. The extruder is equipped with mandrels 9, 10 and fixed to the inner sleeve of the bearing unit nozzles 11, 12, which are rotated relative to each other by the angle α=60° sectors of the inner sleeves, to avoid interaction between them during rotation of the shafts of the screws, and the inner sleeves 6, 7 are made with a capacity of 4 holes for the compression of the material. The mandrels 9, 10 and the dies 11, 12 are cross-section profiles for the profile in the cross-section of various products.

The extruder can be performed without mandrels 9, 10 and nozzles 11, 12. In this case, the inner sleeves 6, 7 are made with molding holes 4 for the compression of the material.

The extruder operates as follows. The material enters between the housing 1 and the shafts of the screws 2, 3. When atomon subjected to heat, the shift pressure. At the exit of the screw in the cavity 8 is created the extrusion pressure required for extrusion of the material. The process of extrusion material through the access hole 4, dies 11 and 12 directly or through forming holes 4. In the result of the excess pressure axial forces acting on the shafts 2, 3 screws from the side of the extrudable material under extrusion pressure, substantially offset by the effort applied to the sleeves 6, 7 with 4 holes. Freedom of translational movement of the sleeves 6, 7 with the holes 4 in relation to the holder 5, is rigidly connected with the housing 1 of the extruder, allows a large extent, to balance the axial load acting on the screws, take the external force from the pressure of the extrusion process in the internal efforts of the tension shaft having a substantial margin of safety. The proposed solution eliminates the console mounting screws and reduces negative result spacer forces acting from the side of the processed material on the shafts 2 and 3 screws, and reduces their mutual discrepancy in the result spacer load. In addition, the axial forces acting on the thrust bearings for both shafts of the augers, reduced 1.5 to 6 times. This increases the durability and reliability of the extruder, reduces the energy consumption per unit of production. That in the execution of the extruder reduces the demand on the power load from the thrust bearings for both shafts 2, 3, allows the shafts 2, 3 screws to fix not a console, but on two pillars, which improves the design of the extruder, can reduce the mutual wear of the ridges of the screw and the housing 1 of the extruder at the ends of the augers. The proposed consolidation of the nozzles 11, 12 and the mandrels 9, 10 can expand the range of manufactured product from a solid product to the hollow sections of different cross-section configuration.

Technical solutions tested on laboratory experimental extruder. Experimental extruder included a housing with a screw diameter of 45 mm, a length of the auger to its diameter 17, the angle of the cutting flange 17° (degrees)depth of cut 5 mm (k_h=0,1). Rotation of the screw counter. The ratio of the minimum distance between the inner bushing in the holder to the radius of the auger of the selected k_b=0,06. The minimum distance between the inner bushing in the holder will be equal to 3 mm, Then the outer diameter of the sleeves is equal to D_NR=37,8 mm to accommodate the bushing hole diameter of 5 mm, its thickness along the radius of the selected H=8 mm (k_H=0,18). In this case, the diameters of the shafts of the screw at the location of the bushings are determined by the expression D_in=D_W(l-k_h-k_b-2k_Hand equal to 21.5 mm, where D_in- the diameter of the shaft at the location of the bushings; D_W- screw diameter (in example 45 mm);(in the example, 0,1); (in the example 0,06);(in the example of 0.18).

The calculation showed that the shafts have enough strength. The angle of coupling inner diameter of the housing with the bearing bracket selected 10 degrees (to reduce the possibility of formation of stagnant zones). The length of the zone with no cutting on the auger will be equal to 35 mm, which is 1.6·R_W. Each sleeve is made with twelve holes with a diameter of 5 mm and a length along the axis 20 mm, the extrusion Pressure was changed in the range of 20÷70 atmospheres by setting the speed of the augers. When used pressure extrusion axial force from the screw on the bearing unit according to the scheme of the prototype should be 3180÷N. Indirect assessment showed that the axial force in the proposed extruder is reduced in 4 times, and is 795÷N respectively. Augers mounted on two supports rotate without wobbling. This means that the mutual wear of the housing and the flange of the screw is missing. The efficiency ratio for reducing the axial forces on the thrust bearing is:

where

K_effefficiency ratio, defined as the ratio of axial force on the thrust bearing of the screw when the traditional scheme to force on the proposed technical solution;

;; ;

k_bh=k_b+k_h;

D_W- screw diameter (in this example equal to 45 mm);

h - the depth of cutting of the flange on the screw (in this example equal to 7 mm);

b - the minimum distance between the inner bushing in the yoke bearings (in the example equal to 3 mm). For example, K_eff=4, i.e. the axial force is reduced four times.

1. Twin screw extruder, comprising a housing, two of the auger in the form of a shaft with a screw thread, characterized in that it is provided with a bearing unit shaft augers, including connected with the casing ring and inner sleeve, mounted on the shafts of the screws for axial and circumferential movement relative to the clip and is made with holes for the compression of the material.

2. The extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw-thread of the shaft of each screw is located at a distance from the carrier bearing unit, equal to 0.5÷2.5 radius of the screw, and each shaft is made with a gradual decrease in diameter from the specified location of the screw thread in the direction of flow of compressible material to the inner sleeve with education connection housing with the yoke bearing Assembly cavity, while the inner sleeve is located at a distance from each other, and the diameter of the shaft at the location of the inner sleeve (D_b) defined by the following formula:
D_b= _W(l-k_h-k_b-2k_H),
where D_W- outer diameter of the screw;
;;
b - the distance between the inner bushings in the cage of the bearing unit;
k_b=0,06÷0,08;
h - the depth of the screw thread of the screw;
H - thickness of the inner bushings on the radius.

3. The extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with mandrels and fixed to the inner sleeve of the bearing unit nozzles, which are rotated relative to each other at an angle of 60° sectors of the inner sleeves, to avoid interaction between them during rotation of the shafts of the augers, and mentioned inner sleeve made with bandwidth holes for the compression of the material.

4. The extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner sleeve is made with molding holes for the compression of the material.