Press-extruder

FIELD: food-processing industry;equipment for processing agricultural products.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to equipment for processing agricultural products by extrusion and may be used in the food-processing industry. The Press-extruder contains a body of the main drive unit with a loading hopper and a feeding device, a composite feed screw and a cylindrical body of a feed screw consisting of split components. In the place of coupling of the components of the feed screw body there are the ring-type grooves for rigid fixation in them of a ring with the internal chases directed at an angle to the axis of the ring. The ring has adjustable thickness and is made in the form of several rings and washers, the total thickness of which is equal to the width of the ring-type groove. The invention ensures enhanced efficiency and stability of the extrusion process at changing of the process technological characteristics and physical-mechanical properties of the processed materials.

EFFECT: the invention ensures enhanced efficiency and stability of the extrusion process at changing of the process technological characteristics and physical-mechanical properties of the processed materials.

2 dwg

The invention relates to equipment for processing of agricultural products by extrusion and can be used in the food industry.

Known press-extruder [A.S. 2153270, publ. 27.07.2000. Bull. No. 21], which contains the casing of the main drive with hopper and feeder, composite auger, a cylindrical auger housing comprising separable parts, the junction of which is made annular grooves for rigid attachment to them rings with internal grooves directed at an angle to the axis of the rings.

A disadvantage of this device is the inability to adjust the length and height of the ring grooves in the processing of various physical-mechanical and technological properties of materials due to significant resistance to direct the flow of material created by the walls of the ring grooves and causing clogging of the slots particles of material, which leads to lower efficiency of the extrusion process.

The technical problem of the invention is to improve the efficiency and stability of the extrusion process when changing technological characteristics of the process and physical-mechanical properties of recyclable materials due to the possibility of regulating the length and height of the grooves of the ring.

The technical problem is solved in that in the press extruder, comprising a housing osnovnoj the drive with hopper and feeder, composite screw, a cylindrical auger housing comprising separable parts, the junction of which is made annular grooves for rigid attachment to them rings with internal grooves directed at an angle to the axis of the ring in an annular groove, a ring of adjustable thickness, made of several rings and washers, the total thickness of which is equal to the width of the annular groove. The result is the ability to adjust the length and height of the grooves precast rings depending on the technological characteristics of the process and physical-mechanical properties of the processed materials.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the press-extruder.

Figure 2 - body section of the screw in the position of the ring.

Press the extruder includes: the casing of the main actuator 1, installed on a welded frame 2; the hopper 3; feeder 4; detachable part of the body of the screw 5 and 6, located in the feeder 4, the feed auger 7; fixed precast ring consisting of washers 8 and ring 9 with grooves 10, directed at an angle to the axis of the rings 9 and negatvie segments 11, mounted in the annular grooves on the inner surface of the detachable auger housings 5 and 6 in place of their connection; auger, consisting of detachable parts 12 and 13 with the turns of the screw thread 14; the forming head 15.

Press the extruder operates as follows. Productsarray in the hopper 3, by means of the screw conveyor 7, the product is transported to the feeder 4, where the regulation of the flow of material in the loading area; recyclable material is pushed to the extrusion end of the screw 13 with the heating of the product to the required temperature through the internal transformation of mechanical energy into heat, melting, mixing and extrusion through the forming head 15. At the junction of the split parts of the body of the screw 5 and 6 and the screw 12 and 13 with the turns of the screw thread 14 are rigidly fixed precast ring consisting of washers 8 and ring 9 with grooves 10, directed at an angle to the axis of the rings 9 and negatvie segments 11, mounted in the annular grooves on the inner surface of the detachable auger housings 5 and 6 in place of their connection. In the place of installation of the ring coils of a screw thread 14 of the screw 12 and 13 are missing. During the extrusion of material having a low viscosity or a high degree of grinding coming from the coils screw thread 14 of the screw 12 and 13 material under pressure passes through the slots 10 of the rings 9, rasselas on multiple threads equal to the number of grooves 10 and continues to move in the direction of the forming head 15. When the pressure reaches the maximum possible in the usual case falls in the reverse flow of the material. In this case, the product of the t in the reverse material flow comes to the rings 9, resting on one side in the flow of material through the slots 10, coming under significant pressure, a higher pressure value generated by the counter, picked up by them and moves to the exit. On the other hand the product rests in negatvie the segments 11 on the inner surface of the ring 9, is shifted to the turns of the screw thread 14 of the screw 12 and 13, and continues to move in the forward direction, thereby circulate a product in a closed area. During the extrusion of materials with a high viscosity or loaded into the extruder raw material in the form of large granules in the area before collecting ring consisting of washers 8 and ring 9 along with the melt contains unmelted particles of material requiring additional mechanical impact, which, resting in the inner walls of the grooves 10 rings 9 and negatvie segments 11, pose significant reverse flow in the field coils screw thread 14 of the screw 12 and 13, and additional resistance to forward flow. Therefore, in the area between the end turns of the screw thread 14 of the screw 12 and the plane of the rings 9 is a need to create space without turns screw thread 14 for additional grinding of the material. This is achieved by installing washers 8 with an inner diameter equal to the diameter of the inner surface of the body of the screw 5 and 6. Unmelted particles in this zone, under the action of pressure on the will formed the likeness of elastic-plastic nut and receive an additional surface for grinding in the form of marasovich segments 11 of the ring 9, arising reverse flow is distributed in this area, not extending to the zone of turns of the screw thread 14 of the screw 12 and 13 and provides additional mixing and melting of unmelted particles. Fully molten material passes through the slots 10 of the rings 9, continuing progress toward forming the cylinder 15, as described above. Instead of washers 8 to change the height of the slot 10 ring 9 is possible to install a set of washers 8 with different internal diameters equal to or smaller internal diameter of the screw 5 and 6. When this material gets an extra plane mechanical impact. In this case, the set of spacers 8 can be performed stepwise height adjustment groove 10, which will increase the compression ratio and increase the pressure in the nip after passing through the material of the rings 9. The pressure increased to a maximum, falls from leakage of material, and is distributed only in the working zone between the forming head 15 and a collecting ring consisting of washers 8 and ring 9, which promotes uniform mixing, melting unmelted particles and extrusion of material through the forming head 15. Therefore, precast ring would make of the rings 9 with grooves 10 and washers 8 (secret rings) with an inner diameter equal to or less vnutrennih is the diameter of the screw 5 and 6. Adjustment of the length and height of the grooves 10 ring 9 can be realized without changing the thickness of the ring, and used for extrusion (extrusion) of different viscosity and particle size of the materials.

Thus, the claimed invention in comparison with the prototype allows to process different physical-mechanical properties of materials, to increase the efficiency of the extrusion process by reducing reverse flow of material in the working zone of the screw part of the press and to ensure the stability of the process, and thus significantly improve the performance of the machine.

Press extruder, comprising a housing main drive with hopper and feeder, composite auger, a cylindrical auger housing comprising separable parts, the junction of which is made annular grooves for rigid attachment to them rings with internal grooves directed at an angle to the axis of the ring, characterized in that an annular groove is set to ring adjustable thickness, made of several rings and washers, the total thickness of which is equal to the width of the annular groove.