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IPC classes for russian patent Assemble for reprocessing of powdered lead- and zinc-containing raw materials (RU 2359188):
               
 Liquid-phase furnace for smelting materials containing ferrous and nonferrous metals / 2348881
Invention relates to metallurgy and, particularly, to the plants for continuous processing of oxidised nickel-containing ores, slag and dust. The liquid-phase furnace includes rectangular caisson-type well with lined walls being situated underneath. The well expands in the upper part. It is provided with top and bottom tuyeres. The well is separated into smelting and recovery chambers by a transverse partition. The chambers are interconnected through the window for smelt cross-flowing in the lower part of the transverse partition. The furnace also includes staggered or tilted hearth, slug discharge trap and electrodes being merged into the smelt. The electrodes are installed in slug release trap with their heat-generating ends being placed on the border of slug phase and metal phase separation in the trap. Besides, the trap volume is more than 10 times less than the recovery chamber volume.
 Furnace of magnesium continuous refinement / 2348715
Invention concerns devices for refinement of magnesium. Furnace of magnesium continuous refinement with salt heating includes lined cylindrical casing installed inside on supports alloying basket with central vertical channel, crown, introduced through side wall lower than alloying basket electrodes and bottom with bevels. At that distance from bottom till electrodes is 200-300 mm, and distance from electrodes till alloying basket is 1.0-2.0 of electrodes height. Electrodes are located symmetrical relative to vertical axes of furnace and relative to each other. In crown above electrodes there are implemented manholes with covers. Supports of alloying basket bear on electro- insulating supports or gaskets, and top edge of electrodes is implemented as bevel. Diameter of bottom horizontal part is 0.5-0.95 of distance between diametrical electrodes.
 Method of treatment hard gold-arsenical ores and concentrates and furnace for its implementation / 2348713
Invention concerns treatment of hard gold-arsenic ores. Particularly it concerns antimonous sulphide ores and concentrates. Method includes without oxidising melting in smelting chamber with receiving of matte and slag melts and treatment of melting products by metallic phase. At that without oxidising melting is implemented continuously in circulating melted slag with out of melting products into settling chamber to interphase boundary slag - matte. Before melting circulating melted slag is separated from operating gases. For circulating it is used maximum separated from matte slag. Treatment of matte by metallic phase is implemented in continuous operation. Furnace for processing of hard gold -arsenic ores and concentrates includes smelting chamber. Furthermore, it is outfitted by recycling contour, containing of gas-lift unit with tuyeres and descending and ascending channels of melted slag, gas separating and settling chambers. Gas separating chamber is communicated with smelting chamber through bleed blowhole by means of channel for separation of working gas of gas-lift unit and gas separating chamber from circulating melted slag. Smelting chamber immersed into settling chamber to interphase boundary slag - matte. Settling chamber contains gas flue for withdrawal of sublimates and low blowing melting products.
 Furnace for continuous melting of sulphide materials in molten pool / 2347994
Invention refers to metallurgy, particularly to devices for continuous processing of sulphide ores and concentrates containing copper and/or nickel. The furnace consists of a caisson stack with tuyeres, of a facility for charge loading, of two transverse partitions not reaching a bottom thus forming overflow ports for melt; the said partitions divide the stack into a melting chamber, a reduction chamber and a chamber of settling; the furnace also consists of a device for tapping of molten products and of individual facilities for gas exhaust from the melting and reduction chambers. The partition dividing the melting and reduction chambers pressure tight separates gas space between the chambers. The upper edge of the overflow port into the settling chamber is located above the upper edge of the overflow port between the melting and reduction chambers, while the devices for tapping molten products from the furnace are arranged from the side of the settling chamber.
 Vanyukov furnace for melting materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous metals / 2336478
Invention relates to metallurgy branch and particularly to oxidized nickel ore processing to matte or ferronickel. Vanyukov furnace contains coffered well, which is rectangular at bottom and expanding in top part and separated by cross wall into melting and reduction chambers, staggered or tilted hearth, siphon with openings for sludge and metal containing phase discharge. Tuyeres are displaced along periphery of well walls. Chambers contact between each other through the window for melt flowing in low part of cross wall. Furnace is provided with tuyere adjusting melt flow volume through window for melt flow and its heating. It is located under the level of the said tuyeres by 5-8 diameters of their aperture. Rectangular walls of melting and reduction chambers of furnace are lined and conjugated along the whole height of cross wall through temperature compensated vertical clearances closed by coffered part of well walls from one side and by cross wall end from the other side. Cross wall is made high-refractory. Invention ensures increase of operation duration or reliable operation due to exclusion of crust formation in melt flow window from one chamber to another and avoidance of lining damage in rectangular part of furnace well and reduction of coolants flow rate.
 Method of melting of ferronickel out of oxidised nickel ores and products of their concentration and assembly for implementation of this method / 2336355
Inventions refer to metallurgy and can be used fro production of ferronickel with various contents of nickel out of Ural and other oxidised nickel ores. The assembly is equipped with injectors for blowing dust into slag melt, the said dust caught in gas cleaning system while carried out with exhaust gases out of a chamber. Fuel oxygen burners are installed in side walls of the chamber above the level of the slag melt at 0.5-1.2 m at an angle of 15-60° to the surface of the melt and at an angle of 35-65° to the lengthwise axis of the assembly, while nozzles of the injectors for blowing into the slag melt carbon containing materials and dust caught in gas cleaning and carried off with exhaust gases out the chamber are installed at 0.25-0.60 m above the level of reduced metal. Heat exchangers of cooling circuit of liquid metal heat carrier are connected via nitrogen lines with injectors installed in the walls of the chamber, the said injectors facilitate injection of carbon containing materials and caught in gas cleaning and carried off by the exhaust gases out of chamber dust in a stream of heated nitrogen.
 Plant for research of objectives at high temperatures / 2322646
The plant has a working chamber with a loading port made for its shut-off, device for attachment of the objective and at least one fuel trap with swirl injectors located inside the chamber, fuel tank connected to the device for fuel supply, pipe for fuel feed to the trap, whose one end is connected to the device for fuel supply, and the other-to the trap, ignition device. In addition, the installation has a cooled coil with an adjustable gate valve at its outlet and a fuel temperature-sensitive element installed at its inlet, at least one pipe for discharge of fuel from the fuel trap, whose one end is connected to the upper surface of the fuel trap on the side opposite the point of connection to it of the pipe of fuel supply, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the cooled coil, whose outlet is connected to the fuel tank through the adjustable gate valve. The swirl injectors are provided with branch pipes made for fuel supply to the injectors from the bottom surface of the fuel trap.
 Furnace for refining magnesium / 2320944
Furnace for refining magnesium includes jacket with lined bath where electrodes are arranged; supports arranged on hearth of furnace for supporting bell with central branch pipe. Said bell and bath are mounted coaxially one to other and they have cylindrical shapes with relation of their diameters (0.8 - 0.9) : 1. Branch pipe of bell is embedded under roof having opening. Novelty is that distance between electrodes and furnace hearth consists 14 - 15% of height of lined bath of furnace; distance between lower cut of bell and furnace hearth consists of 10 -15% of height of line bath. Branch pipe of bell is protected by means of cast iron coating.
 Method and device for compaction of porous substrate by the gaseous phase chemical infiltration / 2319682
Invention is pertaining to the field of compaction of porous substrates by- the gaseous phase chemical infiltration. Exercise loading of substrates exposed to compaction- into the furnace loading area; heat up substrates in the furnace up to their temperature, at which the required substance of the mold will be formed from the gaseous source or sources contained in the gas-reactant. Then- on the one hand of the furnace inject gas-reagent and heat it up after injection- during its transit in the furnace through the gas heating area located- in the direction of the gas-reagent travel through the furnace in front of the loading area. Gas-reactant is exposed to preheating before its injection in the furnace for reaching prior its injection in the furnace of the temperature intermediate -between the environment temperature and the substrates preheating temperature. Installation includes the furnace, the area of substrates loading in the furnace, the means of heating of substrates in the loading area, at least, one hole for the gas-reagent injection in the furnace and, at least, one heating area of the gas-reagent disposed in the furnace between the hole of the gas-reagent injection and the loading area. Installation also contains, at least, one gas preheating device disposed out of the furnace and connected, at least, with one hole used for injection of the gas-reagentin the furnace and ensuring- preliminary heating up of the gas-reagent before its injection in the furnace. The presented method and the device allow to reduce significantly the temperature gradient in the whole area of loading without usage of the large the volume of the gas-reagent heating area.
 Method for producing small-size cast pieces of high-active metals and alloys and plant for performing the same / 2319578
Apparatus includes melting and pouring chamber where non-consumable electrode and crucible of graphite are arranged. Inner surface of crucible is covered with refractory tungsten non-interacting with melt. Apparatus for tilting crucible includes carcass having two mutually parallel vertical grooves. In mutually opposite grooves rollers are arranged with possibility of limited motion. Said rollers are secured to ends of levers through hinges joined with crucible. Carcass includes movable support for crucible secured to wall of carcass. Said support may be moved in horizontal plane. In order to set designed gap, crucible and apparatus for tilting it are moved upwards till contact of billet with end of electrode; then movable support of crucible is introduced and crucible is moved downwards till support. After melting billet said support is withdrawn. Crucible falls down and tilts along path providing motion of point of crucible inner surface at side of draining mostly spaced from axis of crucible in tilting plane along vertical line.
Method of re-working of lead-containing industrial wastes / 2294972
Proposed method is used for re-working of lead-containing wastes including tin, antimony, copper, iron, zinc, bismuth, arsenic, silver, calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium in form of oxides, chlorides, sulfites and sulfates. Size of wastes shall not exceed 0.07 mm. Wastes are mixed with potassium carbonate at weight ratio of 1 : (0.3-0.35) at subsequent addition of water to solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 : (2.5-3.0) at temperature not higher than 30°C. Solution of pulp thus obtained is filtered for separation of lead carbonate from potassium chloride and sulfate solution; then, potassium chloride and sulfate solution is directed for evaporation of water followed by crystallization. Mixture of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate salts is extracted as commercial product; released lead carbonate is subjected to molding for obtaining briquettes at mechanical strength no less than 60% and subsequent melting at temperature not above 1000°C, thus obtaining master alloy on base of lead and commercial quality product.
 Method of production of crude lead / 2283884
Proposed method consists in treatment of concentrates with alkaline followed by melting; concentrates are loaded into furnace in form of sinter with alkaline in return slag flux at intensive mechanical stirring till magnitude of criterion of foam killing and coalescence of particles of reduced lead reaches n2.5d= (4.5-5.5)105 (n is rotational speed of stirrer, rpm and d is its diameter, m). Sinter of concentrates with alkaline is obtained at temperature of 220-250°C after preliminary moist preparation of concentrate charge at content of NaOH of 15-50% (of mass of concentrate).
 Method and device for processing raw lead material / 2283359
Proposed method includes treatment of entire volume of slag melt with oxygen-containing blast in zone of delivery of blast to melt at rate of 500-1500 nm3/h per m3 of slag; oxygen-containing blast is simultaneously delivered to slag melt at level above metallic lead surface of 5 to 20 calibers of lance and above slag melt of 30-80 calibers of lance assuming smooth surface of slag; metallic lead temperature is maintained within 700-1100°C and that of slag within 900-1300°C. For realization of this method, use is made of furnace whose crucible hearth located vertically in calibers of lance of lower row relative to horizontal plane of lances below by 10-30 calibers under furnace shaft and slag siphon channel hang-up by 2-10 calibers, pouring port lip is located above by 10-20 calibers and by 30-100 calibers of upper row lances; lead siphon hang-up is located below hearth level by 2-5 calibers.
 Method of reduction of lead / 2282672
Proposed method includes melting of lead sulfate concentrates with oxy-sulfate sludge fraction of storage battery scrap which is added to sulfide concentrate at mass ratio of sulfide concentrate: oxy-sulfate fraction equal to 1: (2.0-2.5); burden thus formed in molten in alkaline medium.
 The method of extracting lead from recycled materials / 2208057
The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the extraction of lead from secondary raw materials, and can be used in the processing of waste resource rechargeable batteries
 A method of processing lead waste containing precious and rare metals / 2191835
The invention relates to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular to a method of processing lead waste containing precious and rare metals
 Method for integrated processing of polymetallic raw materials / 2181781
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy of non-ferrous metals and can be used in the processing of lead, antimony polymetallic and gold-bearing sulfide concentrates
 Method for processing of zinc - and copper-bearing lead chekov and dusts / 2150520
The invention relates to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy, production of lead, in particular to the processing of lead middlings
 Method of processing waste batteries / 2146298
 A method of processing rechargeable lead scrap / 2119540
The invention relates to pyrometallurgy, or more precisely to special requests, and can be used for processing of secondary lead raw materials, in particular rechargeable lead scrap
Method of reduction of lead / 2282672
Proposed method includes melting of lead sulfate concentrates with oxy-sulfate sludge fraction of storage battery scrap which is added to sulfide concentrate at mass ratio of sulfide concentrate: oxy-sulfate fraction equal to 1: (2.0-2.5); burden thus formed in molten in alkaline medium.
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FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, mainly to devices for reprocessing of powdered lead- and zinc-containing raw materials, in which there can be copper and precious metals. Aggregate for reprocessing of powdered lead- and zinc-containing raw materials contains rectangular upright smelting chamber with burner facility, gas cooler stack, partition with water-cooled copper elements, separating smelting chamber from gas cooler stack, electric furnace, separated from the smelting chamber by partition with water-cooled copper elements, coffer chord, facilities for discharge of smelting products, bottom, herewith correlation of difference of level of bottom edges to distance from the smelting chamber crown to bottom edge of partition, separating electric furnace from the smelting chamber, is 0.15-0.29, and relation of distance from bottom edge of this partition up to bottom to difference of level of bottom edges is 1.25-2.10. On walls of gas cooler stack of aggregate there are installed not more than two tuyers on the level of bottom edge of partition, separating gas cooler stack from smelting chamber, with inclination into the side of bottom on-the-mitre to horizontal plane, specified by formula α=arctg(k-ΔH/B), where α - angle of tuyers slope; k - coefficient of angle of tuyers slope, equal to 1.11-1.25; ΔH - difference of level of bottom edges of partitions; B - inside width of gas cooler stack. At mounting of two tuyers they are located by one on each of opposite side walls of gas cooler stack with reflector displacement relative to its cross-axial section. Additionally each of it is located at a distance of cross-axial section of gas cooler stack, relation of which to inside length of gas cooler stack is 0.25-0.30. EFFECT: it is provided simultaneous increasing of direct lead extraction into crude metal and unit specific capacity. 3 cl, 4 dwg, 2 tbl, 16 ex
The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, primarily to devices for processing powdered lead - and zinc-containing raw materials, which can be copper and precious metals. Known unit for processing powdered lead-zinc raw materials, including vertical melting chamber of rectangular cross-section with a burner device, a gas cooler, cooled vertical partition separating the melting chamber from the gas cooler, furnace, separated from the melting chamber, cooled vertical wall, caisson belt device for a product melting, the furnace hearth. The ratio of the difference between the lower edges of the partitions to the distance from the arch of the melting chamber to the lower edge of the partition separating the furnace from the melting chamber, is to 0.30, and the ratio of the distance from the lower edge of this partition to the bottom to the difference between the lower edges of the partitions is equal to 1.23 (Slobodkin L.V. New technology to lead the plant UXCK // non-ferrous metals, 1987, No. 9, p.20-22). The disadvantage of this unit is the low direct extraction of lead in crude metal, due to the high pilipino.com charge of the melting chamber with the reaction gases at the specified proportions of structural elements of the unit. High concentration of Shea is the reverse sulphate dust (with continuous return of these dusts through the burner for roasting-smelting) leads to a decrease in temperature of the flare of the melt and the associated reduction in the rate and extent of recovery lead oxide in the layer of carbonaceous reductant. The closest in technical essence to the invention is a unit for processing powdered lead - and zinc-containing materials, comprising a vertical melting chamber of rectangular cross-section with a burner device, a gas cooler, a partition separating the melting chamber from the gas cooler, furnace, separated from the melting chamber by a partition, a caisson belt device for a product melting, the furnace hearth. The ratio of the difference between the lower edges of the partitions to the distance from the arch of the melting chamber to the lower edge of the partition separating the furnace from the melting chamber, is 0.15 to 0.29, and the ratio of the distance from the lower edge of this partition to the bottom to the difference between the lower edges of the partitions is 1.25-2,10 (patent of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 8705, IPC F27B 17/00, SW 13/02, publ. 15.04.2005, bull. No. 4). The disadvantage of this unit is the simultaneous reduction of specific performance of unit and direct extraction of lead in crude metal due to the presence of stagnant zones of the slag melt in the outer end wall of the shaft of the gas cooler, opposite the partition separating him from the melting chamber. The natural cooling of the slag melt in this area of the unit causes the formation has nastily and red eye reduction is of the intensity of the circulation of the slag melt between the furnace, a melting chamber and a shaft of the gas cooler. This reduces the heat input from the electric furnace in the layer of carbonaceous reductant and deceleration process plateresco recovery flare melt. The technical task of the present invention is the simultaneous increase of direct extraction of lead in crude metal and specific performance of the unit due to inhibition of the formation process has nastily on the walls of the lower area of the mine, the gas cooler, accelerate circulation and increase the enthalpy of the flow of the slag melt, providing an additional supply of heat to the layer of carbonaceous reductant and a corresponding acceleration of the recovery process flare melt, which is solved by the organization of intense heat in a bath of slag melt under the shaft of the gas cooler. This object is achieved in that in the known unit for processing powdered lead - and zinc-containing materials, comprising a vertical melting chamber of rectangular cross-section with a burner device, the shaft of the gas cooler, wall water-cooled copper elements, separating the melting chamber from the shaft of the gas cooler, furnace, separated from the melting chamber by a partition with a water-cooled copper elements, caisson belt, condition the device for production of products of fusion, the furnace hearth, and the ratio of the difference between the levels of the lower edges of the partitions to the distance from the arch of the melting chamber to the lower edge of the partition separating the furnace from the melting chamber, is 0.15 to 0.29, and the ratio of the distance from the lower edge of this partition to the bottom to the difference between the lower edges of the partitions is 1.25-2,10, according to the invention on the walls of the shaft of the gas cooler is installed not more than two lances at the level of the lower edge of the septum that separates the shaft of the gas cooler from the melting chamber, with an inclination toward the bottom at an angle to the horizontal plane defined by the formula α=arctan(k· ∆ H/B) where α is the angle of the tuyeres; k - factor angle of the tuyeres, equal to 1.11-1,25; ΔN is the difference in level of the lower edges of the partitions; In - inner width of the shaft of the gas cooler. It is expedient according to the invention when installing two lances to place them one on each of opposite side walls of mine gas cooler with mirror offset relative to its transverse axial section. When installing two lances each of them is located at a distance from the transverse axial section of the mine, the gas cooler, the relation of which to the internal length of the shaft of the gas cooler is 0,25-0,30. Installation lances and their location make kislorodsodyerzhascikh on the surface layer of carbonaceous material, floating on the bath of slag melt in the lower pane of mine gas cooler that receives the reaction gases from the melting chamber. This gives you the opportunity to dorigatti carbon monoxide contained in the reaction gases of the melting chamber in the reactions of the recovery of the oxide melt in the layer of carbonaceous material floating on the bath of slag melt under the torch burner melting chamber, and incomplete combustion in a flare of solid carbonaceous fuel is introduced into the mixture at low calorific value of the processed material. At a low content of carbon monoxide in the reaction gases of the melting chamber oxygen is introduced through tuyeres with oxygen-containing gas consumed in the combustion of solid carbon in the layer of carbonaceous material floating on the bath of slag melt in the lower area of the shaft of the gas cooler. During the combustion of carbon monoxide contained in the reaction gases of the melting chamber or solid carbon in the layer of carbonaceous material floating on the bath of slag melt in the lower area of the mine, the gas cooler, heat, part of which goes to increase the temperature of the slag melt in this stagnant area of the unit. The increase in the temperature of the slag melt prevents the formation has nastily on igna part of the walls of the shaft of the gas cooler and accelerates the circulation flow of the slag melt between the furnace, a melting chamber and a shaft of the gas cooler, while increasing its heat content. This leads to an increase of heat in the working area of the layer of carbonaceous reductant under burner device with a circulating flow of the slag melt and the corresponding acceleration of the recovery of flare melt. As a result of increased direct extraction of lead in crude metal and is provided with the possibility of increasing the specific productivity of the unit. The increase in direct extraction of lead in crude metal and at the same time, the specific performance of the unit is ensured by reducing pilipinos and, accordingly, the content of circulating sulfate dust in the mixture entering the burner, due to the inclination of the tuyeres to the furnace hearth unit. Injection through tuyeres oxygen-containing gas with a downward component of flow velocity in the flow of the reaction gases coming from the melting chamber, causes the braking of the input shaft of the gas cooler and increases the rate of sedimentation of dust particles proposed reaction gases from the melting chamber. When installing lances on the walls of the shaft of the gas cooler at a level lower than the level of the lower edge of the septum that separates the shaft of the gas cooler from the melting chamber, the effect of heat at the surface of the slag is first melt will remain. However, part of the reaction gases will pass over blown through tuyeres flow of oxygen-containing gas. This will reduce the braking effect of the reaction gases and the reduction in the rate of sedimentation of dust particles carried from the melting chamber. In addition, the approximation of a jet of oxygen-containing gas from the lance to the surface of the slag bath will cause the raising of ash already settled dust particles. As a result, the output of smelting dusts and their share in the charge will increase, and the temperature of the torch, the recovery rate of the oxide melt in the layer of carbonaceous reductant, the direct extraction of lead in crude metal and the specific productivity of the unit will decrease. When installing the tuyeres at a level higher than the level of the lower edge of the specified partition, the selection of heat away from the surface of the slag melt. In addition, when a low content of carbon monoxide in the reaction gases of the melting chamber a higher level of installation lances leads to a reduction of the contact of oxygen-containing gas with a layer of carbonaceous material. This will reduce the flow of heat into the slag bath in a shaft of the gas cooler. The result will be lower enthalpy and the intensity of the circulation flow of the slag melt between the furnace, a melting chamber and a shaft of the gas cooler, which will slow down odvod heat into the working area of the layer of carbonaceous reductant under the burner device. This will reduce the recovery rate of flare of the melt, the direct extraction of lead in crude metal and the specific productivity of the unit. When installing the tilting lances to the furnace hearth at an angle to the horizontal plane with a factor of k, the smaller is 1.11, the selection of heat from the afterburning of carbon monoxide in the reaction gases of the melting chamber will move away from the surface of the slag melt. In addition, blown through tuyeres oxygen-containing gas of the time of operation of the unit after the release of the slag will not be in contact with the layer of carbonaceous material in the mine of the gas cooler. The total inflow of heat into the slag bath in a shaft of the gas cooler will decrease. This will reduce the braking effect of the formation process has nastily on the lower part of the walls of the shaft of the gas cooler, and the intensity of the circulation flow of the slag melt between the furnace, a melting chamber and a shaft of the gas cooler and its heat content. Thus, will decrease the supply of heat to the layer of carbonaceous reductant under the flame of the burner and at the same time the recovery rate of flare of the melt. This will result in the decrease of direct extraction of lead in crude metal and the specific productivity of the unit. A further reduction of direct extraction of lead in crude metal and unit produces is lnasty unit in this case is also due to a decrease in the rate of deposition of dust particles, proposed reaction gases from the melting chamber. Thus the output of smelting dusts and their share in the charge will increase, and the temperature of the torch and the recovery rate of the oxide melt in the layer of carbonaceous reductant will decrease. The result is simultaneously reduced the direct extraction of lead in crude metal and the specific productivity of the unit. When installing the tilting lances to the furnace hearth at an angle to the horizontal plane with a coefficient k that big of 1.25, as in the case of installation of the tuyeres at a level lower than the level of the lower edge of the septum that separates the shaft of the gas cooler from the melting chamber, a portion of the reaction gases will pass over blown through tuyeres flow of oxygen-containing gas. This leads to a reduction of the braking effect of the reaction gases and the reduction in the rate of sedimentation of dust particles carried from the melting chamber. In addition, increasing the angle of inclination of the lance to the surface of the slag bath will cause blowing already settled dust particles and spraying small droplets of slag melt in the ascending flow of the reaction gases. As a result, the output of smelting dusts and their share in the charge will increase, and the temperature of the torch and the recovery rate of the oxide melt in the layer of carbonaceous reductant will be reduced. Therefore lower direct extraction of lead in crude metal and make specific inost Assembly. When installing two lances, one on each of the side walls of the shaft of the gas cooler with mirror offset relative to its transverse axial section, the effect of achieving the task increases. This is determined by the following two factors. First, the installation of two lances, axes are mirror offset from the transverse axial section of the mine, the gas cooler, leads to an increase in heat transfer surface of the slag bath from the combustion of carbon monoxide, the reaction gases of the melting chamber or solid carbon in the layer of carbonaceous material. Accordingly, when the same thermal effect from the afterburning of the reaction gases or combustion of solid carbon in the layer of carbonaceous material on the surface of the slag melt heat gain in the volume of the slag bath in a shaft of the gas cooler increases. Increase the heat content of the slag melt causes an acceleration of its circulation and the increase of heat in the zone of flow reduction reactions. The result is a further increase in the direct extraction of lead in crude metal and increase the specific productivity of the unit. Secondly, the installation of two lances, one on each of the side walls of the shaft of the gas cooler with mirror offset relative to its transverse axial cross-section, leads to updat the additional effect of increasing direct extraction of lead in crude metal and specific performance of the unit by reducing pilipinos and accordingly, the content of circulating sulfate dust in the mixture entering the burner. Reducing pilipinos in this case, due to the fact that the injection of oxygen-containing gas through two lances, mounted on opposite side walls of the mine of the gas cooler and the mirror is shifted with respect to its transverse axial cross-section, leads to the twisting rising up the shaft of the gas cooler flow of the reaction gases from the melting chamber. As a result of the centrifugal component of the velocity of the dust particles that contribute more fully to their deposition on the walls of the shaft of the gas cooler. The effect of achievement of the task increases with the increasing distance from each of the tuyeres to the transverse axial section of the mine of the gas cooler. This is because increasing the total heat exchange surface area between the heat from the afterburning of the reaction gases or combustion of solid carbon, and slag bath. Accordingly, increases the flow of heat in the volume of the slag bath, its heat content and circulation rate of the slag melt in this area of the unit. This leads to an increase of heat in the zone of flow reduction reactions and their acceleration. The result is an increase of direct extraction of lead and unit produces is lnasty unit. In addition, the increase of the distance between the axes of the tuyeres enhances the effect of tightening the ascending flow of the reaction gases, which leads to the deposition of dust particles on the walls of the shaft of the gas cooler. The greatest enhancing effect is achieved when the distance of the axes of the lances from the transverse axial section of the mine, the gas cooler, the relation of which to its internal length is 0,25-0,30. When this distance reaches the maximum contact surface area of the heat from the slag bath melt, because the flow of burning gases from oppositely spaced tuyeres cease to overlap. In addition, at this distance already achieved noticeable effect tightening of the ascending flow reaction gases and accelerate the sedimentation of dust particles on the walls of the shaft of the gas cooler without overheating caissons flow of burning gases from the afterburning of carbon monoxide or combustion of solid carbon on the surface layer of carbonaceous material). When the distance of the axes of the lances from the transverse axial section of the mine, the gas cooler, the relation of which to its internal length is less than 0.25, the surface heat transfer of hot gases and slag bath and the effect of tightening the ascending reaction gases are reduced. The result is simultaneously reduces the flow of heat transmitted into the volume of the slag bath melt, and the degree aside the Oia dust particles on the walls of the shaft of the gas cooler. Correspondingly decreases as the effect of an additional increase in the heat content of the slag melt and the corresponding acceleration of its circulation in the slag bath, and the effect of reducing the removal of the unit circulating sulfate dust. So blown through tuyeres does not lead to the greatest possible strengthening of the effect of increasing the specific productivity of the unit, and direct extraction of lead in crude metal by increasing the heat in the zone of flow reduction reactions with flaring melt and melt flow circulating in the slag bath, which would accelerate the recovery of the oxide melt in the layer of carbonaceous reductant. When the distance of the axis of the tuyere from the transverse axial section of the mine, the gas cooler, the relation of which to the internal length of the shaft of the gas cooler more 0,30, the effect of heat transfer from the burning gases into the bath of slag melt and the effect of twist upstream of the reaction gases, which determines the degree of deposition of dust on the walls of the shaft of the gas cooler does not increase. However, the high-temperature region of the combustion of carbon monoxide in the reaction gases or particulate carbon in the carbon layer approaches the walls of the unit, significantly increasing the specific heat load on the caisson belt in this local area and increasing those the most, the likelihood of burn-out of the caissons. The invention is illustrated in the drawings. 1 shows a plant for the processing of powdered lead - and zinc-containing raw materials, General view; figure 2 and 3 are cross - sections A-a and B-B shaft of the gas cooler, shown in figure 1, when installing a lance; figure 4 - cross section b-B shaft of the gas cooler, shown in figure 1, when installing two lances. The unit consists of a vertical melting chamber 1 of rectangular cross-section in the code which set the burner device 2 to charge the blast furnace, oxygen, circulating dust and solid reductant, partition 3 with a water-cooled copper elements installed vertically and separates the melting chamber 1 from the shaft of the gas cooler 4, on the side wall of which is equipped with tuyeres 5, 6 for supplying oxygen-containing gas, electric furnace 7, adjacent to the melting chamber and separated from it by a vertical partition 8 with a water-cooled copper elements common to the melting chamber, furnaces and mines of the gas cooler bottom 9, caisson belt 10 and devices for release smelting products 11. The unit works as follows. Pulverulent mixture consisting of lead or lead-zincavage raw materials (lead, lead-zinc, lead-copper, lead-copper-zinc, lead-silver concentrates, lead dusts, vanessaparadis Chekov, turns refining black lead battery paste and other secondary lead materials), fluxes and, if necessary, the solid carbonaceous fuel (coke, Neftekamsk, stone, brown or charcoal), after drying to a moisture content of less than 1% is mixed with crushed carbonaceous reducing agent (coke, Neftekamsk, stone or charcoal) and transported to the burner 2 (see figure 1), through which the flow of technical oxygen (94-99% O2) is injected into the melting chamber 1 unit. In the melting chamber 1 under the influence of radiation from flame and high temperatures rising furnace gas (T=1100-1200°C.) the mixture is ignited, oxidized and melted in suspension with the formation of dispersed oxide melt. In the lower part of the melting chamber 1, the temperature of the torch reaches of 1350-1450°C. the Degree of desulphurization of the charge is controlled by changing the ratio of cost of charge and oxygen to the burner 2. Coming together with the dust mixture is crushed carbonaceous reducing agent (coke, Neftegas, stone or charcoal) size from 5 to 20 mm is heated during its movement in the torch and then gets on the surface of the slag bath. The presence in the unit design partitions 8, which is located just down from the roof of the furnace and partially immersed in W is W hat is the melt allows you to split the gas space of the melting chamber 1 and electric furnace 7 and to form on the surface of the slag bath under a torch burner porous layer of carbon reductant desired height. This provides a reduction in losses of non-ferrous metals in the slag melt by creating a reducing atmosphere in the electric furnace and accelerate the deposition of small particles recovered metals in bottom metallic phase, due to their coagulation and coarsening in the porous structure of the layer of carbonaceous reductant. Formed in the flash smelting process dispersed oxide melt is supplied to the porous layer of crushed carbonaceous reductant and seeping through him, undergo a selective restore. Lead oxides are restored to the metal lead, and oxides of zinc remains in the slag melt, which together with the metal lead flows under the partition wall 8 of the melting chamber 1 in the furnace 7, which serves for the accumulation and promoting the products of fusion with the division of their specific weight, and, if necessary, to partial distillation of zinc from the slag melt by filing a small-sized carbonaceous reductant on the surface of the slag bath in the furnace. The oxides of copper, similar to the oxides of lead, vosstanavlivayutsa layer of carbonaceous reducing agent to the metal and go in the draft lead, and base metal sulfides present in dispergirovannom torch melt, or distributed between the metal and slag phases with the degree of desulphurization charge more 90-94%, or at least desulfurization mixture, form a self-matte phase, eye-catching in the process of defending products smelting in the electric furnace. This allows a rough obezbedjivanje black lead with the release of excess copper from recycled lead - and zinc-containing raw material in polymetallic Stein directly in Assembly. Part of the heat energy produced in the electric furnace with circulating total slag bath unit flow of the slag melt is fed to the melting chamber and partially absorbed by the layer of carbonaceous reductant. Along with the heat flux coming from the flare melt, the flow of heat from the furnace to compensate for the consumption of heat for endothermic reactions the recovery of oxides in porous carbon layer. From the electric furnace 7 slag and lead released through the device 11 and then sent for processing to produce a marketable product. Sulfur reaction gases from the melting chamber 1 formed by a weighted melting of the charge, pass under the partition 3, which is located just down from the roof of the furnace and not reaching the surface of the slag is on the melt, and come on cooling into the shaft of the gas cooler 4. In the lower part of the shaft of the gas cooler 4, the reaction gases containing carbon monoxide, burnt by supplying oxygen-containing gas through tuyeres 5, 6. Part of the heat due to the heat absorbed in the circulating total slag bath unit flow of the slag melt and enters the melting chamber to the layer of carbonaceous reductant, complementing the flow of heat coming from the flare melt and the molten slag from the electric furnace. This increases the possibility of compensation of heat consumption by endothermic reactions reducing oxides in porous carbon layer. Depleted in carbon monoxide reaction gases rise up to the exit from the mine of the gas cooler and is cooled by heat exchange with the water-cooled surfaces of the walls of the mine. After the gas cooler 4, the gases are cleaned in an electrostatic precipitator (not shown) and then sent for recycling of sulfur to produce marketable products (sulfuric acid, elemental sulfur, sulfuric anhydride or salt). The dust collected in the electrostatic precipitator, continuously returned to the smelting process. The invention is illustrated in the examples of the operation of the unit. Example 1 (the prototype). In the pilot unit KIVCET (cross-sectional area of the melting chamber 1.4 m2the height of melting the ameres 3.3 m, the cross-sectional area of the mine of the gas cooler of 1.44 m2area hearth furnace 5 m2the installation capacity of the electric furnace transformer 1200 kW) with respect to the difference between the lower edges of the partitions to the distance from the arch of the melting chamber to the lower edge of the partition separating the furnace from the melting chamber, is 0.28, and the ratio of the distance from the lower edge of the partition separating the furnace from the melting chamber to the bottom to the difference between the lower edges of the partitions, equal to 1.25, led processing charge, made from lead sulfide concentrates, lead dust, lead-Chekov zinc production, battery paste, quartz and limestone flux, composition, %: 34,0 lead, 9.6 zinc, 1,1 copper, 12,3 iron, 10,2 sulfur, 8.4 silicon dioxide, 4.1 calcium oxide. To compensate for the low calorific value of the charge it was injected pulverized coal composition, %: 42,5 solid carbon, 28,0 volatile and 30,0 containing ashes, %: 9,0 iron 55.8 silicon dioxide, 4.5 calcium oxide. As the reductant used coke breeze, containing, %: 85,5 carbon, 1,3 iron, 7.2 silicon dioxide, 1.3 calcium oxide. The experience was processed 50 tons burden. The results of the operation of the unit is presented in table 1. Example 2. The tests were carried out in reconstructed in accordance with savla the th invention (claim 1) pilot Assembly KIVCET with parameters and conditions similar to Example 1. While lance was installed on the side wall of the shaft of the gas cooler in the plane of its transverse axial section at the level of the lower edge of the septum that separates the shaft of the gas cooler from the melting chamber, with an inclination toward the bottom at an angle to the horizontal plane defined by the coefficient k, equal to 1.2. All were processed 48 t charge. Example 3. The tests were carried out similar to Example 2, but the lance was shifted down from the level of the lower edge of the septum that separates the shaft of the gas cooler from the melting chamber at a distance Δh, the relation of which to the difference between the lower edges of the partitions ΔN was 0.2. Example 4. The tests were carried out similar to Example 2, but the lance was shifted upward from the lower edge of the septum that separates the shaft of the gas cooler from the melting chamber at a distance Δh, the relation of which to the difference between the lower edges of the partitions ΔN was 0.2. Example 5. The tests were carried out similar to Example 2, but the lance was tilted toward the bottom at an angle to the horizontal plane defined by the coefficient k, equal to 1.11. Example 6. The tests were carried out similar to Example 2, but the lance was tilted toward the bottom at an angle to the horizontal plane defined by the coefficient k equal the output of 1.25. Example 7. The tests were carried out similar to Example 2, but the lance was tilted toward the bottom at an angle to the horizontal plane defined by the coefficient k, is equal to 1.00. Example 8. The tests were carried out similar to Example 2, but the lance was tilted toward the bottom at an angle to the horizontal plane defined by the coefficient k, is equal to 1.30. Example 9. The tests were carried out similar to Example 2, but the lance was installed on the end wall of the shaft of the gas cooler in the plane of its longitudinal axial cross-section with an inclination toward the bottom at an angle to the horizontal plane defined by the coefficient k equal to 1.20. The test results for Examples 1-9 are shown in table 1. Example 10. The tests were carried out similar to Example 2, but with the installation of two lances for supplying oxygen-containing gas, one on each of opposite side walls of the mine of the gas cooler. Lances were installed in the same plane transverse axial section of the mine of the gas cooler at the level of the lower edge of the septum that separates the shaft of the gas cooler from the melting chamber, with an inclination toward the bottom at an angle to the horizontal plane defined by the coefficient k equal to 1.20. Example 11. The tests were carried out similar to Example 2 conditions, and installation of two lances are appropriate to what was esteval Example 10 with the difference, one of the lances was removed from the plane transverse axial section of the mine of the gas cooler at a distance Δl, the relation of which to the inner shaft length L was 0,27. Example 12. The tests were carried out similar to Example 2 conditions, and installation of two lances corresponded to Example 10 with the difference that each of the two opposite tuyeres was removed from the transverse axial section of the mine of the gas cooler at a distance, with respect to its internal length is Δl/L was $ 0,20. Example 13. The tests were carried out similar to Example 2 conditions, and installation of two lances corresponded to Example 10 with the difference that each of the two opposite tuyeres was removed from the transverse axial section of the mine of the gas cooler at a distance, with respect to its internal length is Δl/L amounted to 0.25. Example 14. The tests were carried out similar to Example 2 conditions, and installation of two lances corresponded to Example 10 with the difference that each of the two opposite tuyeres was removed from the transverse axial section of the mine of the gas cooler at a distance, with respect to its internal length is Δl/L was 0,27. Example 15. The tests were carried out similar to Example 2 conditions, and installation of two lances corresponded to Example 10 with the difference that each of the two opposite tuyeres was removed from the cross what about the axial section of the mine of the gas cooler at a distance, relation to its internal length is Δl/L was $ 0,30. Example 16. The tests were carried out similar to Example 2 conditions, and installation of two lances corresponded to Example 10 with the difference that each of the two opposite tuyeres was removed from the transverse axial section of the mine of the gas cooler at a distance, with respect to its internal length is Δl/L amounted to 0.35. The performance of the unit in Examples 10-16 presented in table 2 in comparison with the results of Example 2 of table 1. As can be seen from a comparison of the data of Examples 1 and 2-9 in Table 1, the proposed unit, compared with the prototype, allows to increase the direct extraction of lead in the rough metal on 3,03-3,06 Rel.% and to increase the performance of the unit by 0.4-0.6 Rel.%. It is shown that the use of the proposed facility level of the tuyeres and the range of the angle it to the furnace hearth achieve higher levels of direct extraction of lead in crude metal and specific performance of the unit (see: Examples 2.5 and 6 with Examples 3, 4, 7 and 8). It is also shown that the choice of the wall of the shaft of the gas cooler when installing one lance for feeding oxygen-containing gas has virtually no effect on the performance of the unit (see: Examples 2 and 9). Installation of two lances, one on each of opposite lateral walls of the mine gazoogle the indicator does not improve the performance of the unit compared to the option of installing one tuyere in case if each of these tuyeres located in the same transverse plane section of the mine of the gas cooler (cf.: Examples 2 and 10 of table 2). The offset axes, lances are not mirrored with respect to the transverse axial section of a shaft of the gas cooler improves the performance of the unit, but does not provide the best possible additional effect in the solution of the problem (cf.: Examples 2 and 11 with Examples 13 to 15 in table 2). Mirror offset lances relatively transverse axial section of the mine of the gas cooler using the proposed range of relations distances from the axis of the tuyere to the transverse axial section of the mine of the gas cooler to its internal length (0,25-0,30) gives additional increase of direct extraction of lead by 0.13 Rel.% and specific performance of the unit 0.33 Rel.% in relation to option one tuyere (cf.: Examples 2 and 13-15). The decrease of this ratio less than the proposed limit of 0.25 reduces the direct extraction of lead and the specific productivity of the unit, bringing these figures to the variant of the operation of the unit with one lance (cf.: Examples 12 and 2). The increase of this relationship more than the proposed limit 0,30 not lead to further improvement of the performance of the unit (see: Examples 15 and 16), but significantly increases the likelihood of thermal damage to the caissons for the em approach to him the high-temperature region of the afterburning of the reaction gases of the melting chamber. In addition, as can be seen from Tables 1 and 2, the present invention can further reduce the unit cost of electricity 6.2-6.8 Rel.% and to increase the useful life of the unit by 3-5% by heating the area of the slag bath in a shaft of the gas cooler, providing a braking process of the formation wall accretions in this area of the unit.
1. Unit for processing powdered lead - and zinc-containing materials, comprising a vertical melting chamber of rectangular cross-section with a burner device, the shaft of the gas cooler, wall water-cooled copper elements, separating the melting chamber from the shaft of the gas cooler, furnace, separated from the melting chamber by a partition with a water-cooled copper elements, caisson belt, is trojstva for product melting, the furnace hearth, and the ratio of the difference between the levels of the lower edges of the partitions to the distance from the arch of the melting chamber to the lower edge of the partition separating the furnace from the melting chamber, is 0.15 to 0.29, and the ratio of the distance from the lower edge of this partition to the bottom to the difference between the lower edges of the partitions is 1.25-2,10, characterized in that the walls of the mine of the gas cooler is installed not more than two lances at the level of the lower edge of the partition separating the melting chamber from the shaft of the gas cooler, with an inclination toward the bottom at an angle to the horizontal plane defined by the formula 2. The Assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that when two lances they are located one on each of opposite side walls of mine gas cooler with mirror offset relative to its transverse axial section. 3. The Assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that when two lances each of them is located at a distance from the transverse axial section of the mine, the gas cooler, the relation of which to the internal length of the shaft of the gas cooler is 0,25-0,30.
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