The method of extracting lead from recycled materials
The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the extraction of lead from secondary raw materials, and can be used in the processing of waste resource rechargeable batteries. According to the invention in a lead bath in a reverberatory furnace continuously or periodically served oxysulfate pasta released by separating the spent cutting the life of lead-acid batteries. Download carbon-containing reductant ash content <1.0% and a particle size of <5 mm in the number of 6-7% by weight of the paste is carried out from the opposite end of the furnace, the resultant melt oxysulfate paste. The thickness of the melt oxysulfate paste is maintained in the range of 20-50 mm during the whole melting process. The accumulation of the formed slag is removed by strokes through the end window of the furnace. Process temperature smelting reduction plants 950-1050oC. Lead, the resulting melt, after conditioning and removal from the surface of the lead oxide is responsible brand lead brand C2 or C3, is provided by the increase of direct extraction of lead from oxysulfate paste and reduce processing costs by eliminating the filing of flux. table 1. em to be used in the processing of waste resource rechargeable batteries.Currently, more than 50% of lead produced from secondary raw materials, mainly waste batteries. A significant part of the last before entering the melt is subjected to fragmentation with subsequent separation into individual fractions: organic, metallic and oxysulfate paste containing lead oxide in the form (b, b2, PbS4).Typically, the paste is first dried (in some cases after a preliminary leaching operation to remove sulfur), then processed separately or together with the metallic fraction in various furnace units [Karl F. Lamm Secondary Lead. Erzmefall, 1998 (51), 6, s.438-455]: - plants in the United States widespread melting oxysulfate paste together with reducing agents and fluxes in a reverberatory furnace with subsequent processing of the received rich slag in shaft or electric furnace; - in the factories of Europe mainly oxysulfate pasta, pre-mixed with MaxicoM and fluxing additives (e.g., soda, lime, silica, iron scrap), melted in a rotary korotkorezannyh or rotary furnaces, a significant portion of the lead is lost with the slag. The latest in the case of the use as an additive is p>At some plants the CIS applies Bessonova melting paste in the electric furnace with joint or separate loading recyclable material fluxes and solid reductant into the slag bath melt [Besser, A. D. and others Develop and implement electrothermal melting battery scrap without the use of soda, ensuring environmental requirements. Non-ferrous metals, 1996, 4, pp. 53-55].In all the above methods in the melting unit are input fluxes to obtain the slag mass of a given chemical composition and specific physical properties. I assumed that this is done in order to minimize losses during the smelting of lead from the slag and matte (in the case of processing nudecoulterann paste).The addition of fluxing materials leads to higher costs to obtain the final metal, a significant transition of lead in the slag-matte melt that requires further processing. Even in the case of obtaining the dump slag with a single-stage melting with a large mass of slag is lost to 10% of incoming to the redistribution of lead.Known smelting secondary lead raw materials without the use of fluxes.For example, the way in which the extraction of lead from waste lead when t is in or oxysulfate pasta with vigorous stirring during the whole process of melting, exfoliation and chemical recovery of waste. It is preferable to use a rotary Converter Caldo Gallego with top blowing, and the contents mixed by rotation of the furnace [application EPO 0132243, CL 22 In 13/00, 7/00, 1985].The disadvantage of this method is the high consumption of reducing agent (16%) and receiving lead with a high content of antimony and arsenic, which subsequently requires significant material and energy costs to its refinement.Closest to the claimed is a method for processing scrap batteries, on which the latter is continuously loaded into the reactor together with the reducing agent. Melting paste moisture content of 10% is carried out at a temperature of 900-1150oWith (optimally 950




Claims
The method of extracting lead from oxysulfate pastes, including loading of the processed material and the solid reducing agent in the bath melt and smelted in a reverberatory furnace at a temperature of 950-1050oWith obtaining of lead containing less than 0.5% of antimony, wherein the recyclable material and the solid reducing agent is loaded into the furnace at a bath melt separately, and the depth of the layer of melt oxysulfate paste on the surface of the lead bath maintained within the range of 20-50 mm
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