Furnace of magnesium continuous refinement |
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IPC classes for russian patent Furnace of magnesium continuous refinement (RU 2348715):
    
 Method of treatment hard gold-arsenical ores and concentrates and furnace for its implementation / 2348713
Invention concerns treatment of hard gold-arsenic ores. Particularly it concerns antimonous sulphide ores and concentrates. Method includes without oxidising melting in smelting chamber with receiving of matte and slag melts and treatment of melting products by metallic phase. At that without oxidising melting is implemented continuously in circulating melted slag with out of melting products into settling chamber to interphase boundary slag - matte. Before melting circulating melted slag is separated from operating gases. For circulating it is used maximum separated from matte slag. Treatment of matte by metallic phase is implemented in continuous operation. Furnace for processing of hard gold -arsenic ores and concentrates includes smelting chamber. Furthermore, it is outfitted by recycling contour, containing of gas-lift unit with tuyeres and descending and ascending channels of melted slag, gas separating and settling chambers. Gas separating chamber is communicated with smelting chamber through bleed blowhole by means of channel for separation of working gas of gas-lift unit and gas separating chamber from circulating melted slag. Smelting chamber immersed into settling chamber to interphase boundary slag - matte. Settling chamber contains gas flue for withdrawal of sublimates and low blowing melting products.
 Furnace for continuous melting of sulphide materials in molten pool / 2347994
Invention refers to metallurgy, particularly to devices for continuous processing of sulphide ores and concentrates containing copper and/or nickel. The furnace consists of a caisson stack with tuyeres, of a facility for charge loading, of two transverse partitions not reaching a bottom thus forming overflow ports for melt; the said partitions divide the stack into a melting chamber, a reduction chamber and a chamber of settling; the furnace also consists of a device for tapping of molten products and of individual facilities for gas exhaust from the melting and reduction chambers. The partition dividing the melting and reduction chambers pressure tight separates gas space between the chambers. The upper edge of the overflow port into the settling chamber is located above the upper edge of the overflow port between the melting and reduction chambers, while the devices for tapping molten products from the furnace are arranged from the side of the settling chamber.
 Vanyukov furnace for melting materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous metals / 2336478
Invention relates to metallurgy branch and particularly to oxidized nickel ore processing to matte or ferronickel. Vanyukov furnace contains coffered well, which is rectangular at bottom and expanding in top part and separated by cross wall into melting and reduction chambers, staggered or tilted hearth, siphon with openings for sludge and metal containing phase discharge. Tuyeres are displaced along periphery of well walls. Chambers contact between each other through the window for melt flowing in low part of cross wall. Furnace is provided with tuyere adjusting melt flow volume through window for melt flow and its heating. It is located under the level of the said tuyeres by 5-8 diameters of their aperture. Rectangular walls of melting and reduction chambers of furnace are lined and conjugated along the whole height of cross wall through temperature compensated vertical clearances closed by coffered part of well walls from one side and by cross wall end from the other side. Cross wall is made high-refractory. Invention ensures increase of operation duration or reliable operation due to exclusion of crust formation in melt flow window from one chamber to another and avoidance of lining damage in rectangular part of furnace well and reduction of coolants flow rate.
 Method of melting of ferronickel out of oxidised nickel ores and products of their concentration and assembly for implementation of this method / 2336355
Inventions refer to metallurgy and can be used fro production of ferronickel with various contents of nickel out of Ural and other oxidised nickel ores. The assembly is equipped with injectors for blowing dust into slag melt, the said dust caught in gas cleaning system while carried out with exhaust gases out of a chamber. Fuel oxygen burners are installed in side walls of the chamber above the level of the slag melt at 0.5-1.2 m at an angle of 15-60° to the surface of the melt and at an angle of 35-65° to the lengthwise axis of the assembly, while nozzles of the injectors for blowing into the slag melt carbon containing materials and dust caught in gas cleaning and carried off with exhaust gases out the chamber are installed at 0.25-0.60 m above the level of reduced metal. Heat exchangers of cooling circuit of liquid metal heat carrier are connected via nitrogen lines with injectors installed in the walls of the chamber, the said injectors facilitate injection of carbon containing materials and caught in gas cleaning and carried off by the exhaust gases out of chamber dust in a stream of heated nitrogen.
 Plant for research of objectives at high temperatures / 2322646
The plant has a working chamber with a loading port made for its shut-off, device for attachment of the objective and at least one fuel trap with swirl injectors located inside the chamber, fuel tank connected to the device for fuel supply, pipe for fuel feed to the trap, whose one end is connected to the device for fuel supply, and the other-to the trap, ignition device. In addition, the installation has a cooled coil with an adjustable gate valve at its outlet and a fuel temperature-sensitive element installed at its inlet, at least one pipe for discharge of fuel from the fuel trap, whose one end is connected to the upper surface of the fuel trap on the side opposite the point of connection to it of the pipe of fuel supply, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the cooled coil, whose outlet is connected to the fuel tank through the adjustable gate valve. The swirl injectors are provided with branch pipes made for fuel supply to the injectors from the bottom surface of the fuel trap.
 Furnace for refining magnesium / 2320944
Furnace for refining magnesium includes jacket with lined bath where electrodes are arranged; supports arranged on hearth of furnace for supporting bell with central branch pipe. Said bell and bath are mounted coaxially one to other and they have cylindrical shapes with relation of their diameters (0.8 - 0.9) : 1. Branch pipe of bell is embedded under roof having opening. Novelty is that distance between electrodes and furnace hearth consists 14 - 15% of height of lined bath of furnace; distance between lower cut of bell and furnace hearth consists of 10 -15% of height of line bath. Branch pipe of bell is protected by means of cast iron coating.
 Method and device for compaction of porous substrate by the gaseous phase chemical infiltration / 2319682
Invention is pertaining to the field of compaction of porous substrates by- the gaseous phase chemical infiltration. Exercise loading of substrates exposed to compaction- into the furnace loading area; heat up substrates in the furnace up to their temperature, at which the required substance of the mold will be formed from the gaseous source or sources contained in the gas-reactant. Then- on the one hand of the furnace inject gas-reagent and heat it up after injection- during its transit in the furnace through the gas heating area located- in the direction of the gas-reagent travel through the furnace in front of the loading area. Gas-reactant is exposed to preheating before its injection in the furnace for reaching prior its injection in the furnace of the temperature intermediate -between the environment temperature and the substrates preheating temperature. Installation includes the furnace, the area of substrates loading in the furnace, the means of heating of substrates in the loading area, at least, one hole for the gas-reagent injection in the furnace and, at least, one heating area of the gas-reagent disposed in the furnace between the hole of the gas-reagent injection and the loading area. Installation also contains, at least, one gas preheating device disposed out of the furnace and connected, at least, with one hole used for injection of the gas-reagentin the furnace and ensuring- preliminary heating up of the gas-reagent before its injection in the furnace. The presented method and the device allow to reduce significantly the temperature gradient in the whole area of loading without usage of the large the volume of the gas-reagent heating area.
 Method for producing small-size cast pieces of high-active metals and alloys and plant for performing the same / 2319578
Apparatus includes melting and pouring chamber where non-consumable electrode and crucible of graphite are arranged. Inner surface of crucible is covered with refractory tungsten non-interacting with melt. Apparatus for tilting crucible includes carcass having two mutually parallel vertical grooves. In mutually opposite grooves rollers are arranged with possibility of limited motion. Said rollers are secured to ends of levers through hinges joined with crucible. Carcass includes movable support for crucible secured to wall of carcass. Said support may be moved in horizontal plane. In order to set designed gap, crucible and apparatus for tilting it are moved upwards till contact of billet with end of electrode; then movable support of crucible is introduced and crucible is moved downwards till support. After melting billet said support is withdrawn. Crucible falls down and tilts along path providing motion of point of crucible inner surface at side of draining mostly spaced from axis of crucible in tilting plane along vertical line.
 Gypsum drying and/or burning plant / 2316517
Method involves supplying hot gases to inlet of the first channel; delivering gypsum to inlet of the second channel, which is concentric to the first one; moving gypsum in the second channel by supply screw; providing indirect heat-exchange between gypsum and hot gases; burning gypsum to obtain semihydrate gypsum. Gypsum movement and indirect heat-exchange stages include drying and partial burning gypsum to create semihydrate gypsum. Gypsum burning at the last stage is terminated in bringing gypsum into contact with hot gases. The last burning operation is of pulsed type. Gypsum movement and heat-exchanging stages continue for 30 sec-5 min. Gypsum burning by hot gases is carried out for 1-10 sec. Device for described method realization and ready product are also disclosed.
 Furnace for processing oxidized ore materials containing nickel, cobalt, iron / 2315934
Furnace includes caisson shaft divided by means of vertical cross partition by melting and reducing chambers provided with tuyeres; united stepped along chambers hearth; siphon with over-flow duct and with openings for discharging slag and metal-containing melt. Vertical cross partition dividing chambers is mounted fluid-tightly in hearth of melting chamber and it has height equal to 35 - 55 diameters of tuyeres of melting chamber over plane of their arranging. Hearth of reducing chamber is inclined by angle 25 - 60° to horizon from vertical cross partition towards over-flow duct.
 Method of modification of alloys on base of aluminium and cast produced with implementation of this method / 2334804
Invention refers to metallurgy and can be used at production of various items by methods of shaped casting, particularly of case parts of automobile engine, disks of automobile wheels, and radiator cases. The method of modification of alloys on aluminium base, containing from 5 to 13 mass% of silicon, includes introducing into melt as modifiers at least two elements out of group: cerium, lanthanum, neodymium, and praseodymium in total amount from 0.1 to 0.5 mass % and silicon nitride Si3N4 in form of powder at amount from 0.001 to 0.05 mass %. Due to crumbling of (Al)+(Si) of eutectic the plasticity is increased with maintaining high strength and porosity of casts out of alloys on the base of aluminium is decreased.
 Fining flux for extraction of magnesium out of aluminium alloys / 2331678
Invention refers to secondary metallurgy of light metals, particularly to composition of fining flux for extraction of magnesium out of aluminium alloys. The flux composition includes chlorides of alkaline metals, cryolite and fluorsilicate sodium. To reduce specific consumption of flux per 1 kg of extracted magnesium aluminium oxide is additionally introduced into the flux composition at the following ratio of components (weight %): Na2SiF6 35-60; γ-Al203 + α-Al2O3 15-3; Na3AlF6 5-15; KCl 30-12; NaCl 15-10. Contents of α-Al2O3 in aluminium oxide in a powdered form is not more than 8% of the total value of aluminium oxide (γ-Al2O3 + α-Al2O3) in the flux contents. Thus the following is achieved: a higher efficiency of flux, reduction of its specific consumption per 1 kg of extracted magnesium at an average of 4.3 kg lower, than with other similar fluxes, simplification of the refining process, improvement of environment at working sites and possibility to extract magnesium out of all aluminium alloys which are produced at plants of secondary non-ferrous metals.
Furnace for refining magnesium / 2320944
Furnace for refining magnesium includes jacket with lined bath where electrodes are arranged; supports arranged on hearth of furnace for supporting bell with central branch pipe. Said bell and bath are mounted coaxially one to other and they have cylindrical shapes with relation of their diameters (0.8 - 0.9) : 1. Branch pipe of bell is embedded under roof having opening. Novelty is that distance between electrodes and furnace hearth consists 14 - 15% of height of lined bath of furnace; distance between lower cut of bell and furnace hearth consists of 10 -15% of height of line bath. Branch pipe of bell is protected by means of cast iron coating.
Method of refinement of the aluminum alloys / 2318029
The invention is pertaining to the method of refinement of aluminum alloys. The method includes treatment of the molten bath with the flux containing chlorides, fluorides and the refractory filling agents in the form of the dispersion particles of the refractory aluminum and silicon oxides. At that the flux is admixed in the alloy, which is in the solid-liquid state, and then it is heated up to the temperature of 720-730°С. In the capacity of the basic refinement reactant in the flux is used silicon dioxide SiO2 or the metakaolinite Al2О3·2SiO2 at the following components ratio(in mass %): KCl - 1.9-9.4, NaCl - 1.2-6.0, Na3AlF6 - 0.9-4.6, SiO2 or - Al2O3·2SiO2 - the rest. The invention ensures the ecological protection, the heightened refinement capability, the low net cost.
 Magnesium refining method and apparatus for performing the same / 2310000
Method comprises steps of melting magnesium in vessel; heating it till magnesium refining temperature; feeding zirconium tetrachloride and impurities sludge. Before melting magnesium, magnesium chloride is loaded into said vessel. Refining is performed in argon atmosphere at temperature 750 -800°C with use of zirconium tetrachloride vapor fed at rate 20 - 40 kg/h for further depositing impurities into melt magnesium chloride. Argon is bubbled through melt magnesium for 15 - 30 min. Apparatus for refining magnesium includes vessel for refining magnesium and shaft electric furnace. Sleeve protected by screen and having passing through it branch pipes for feeding vapor of zirconium tetrachloride and for pumping refined magnesium to receptacle is arranged in said vessel. Vessel is fluid-tightly closed by means of lid having branch pipe for feeding vapor of zirconium tetrachloride, branch pipe for feeding argon and branch pipe with tube for sampling refined magnesium. Said tube is used for bubbling argon. Apparatus is also provided with pulsator.
 Method of removal the impurity metals oxides from aluminum at its purification / 2305712
The invention is pertaining to metallurgy industry and man be used for purification of the various aluminum wastes from the impurity metals oxides with production the aluminum used for the anticorrosion coating of the steel strips, for the steel deoxidation in the open-hearth furnaces, manufacture of the various products from aluminum, production of the various alloys on the basis of the aluminum. The method provides for the loading of the aluminum in the stand into the melt of the mixture of the salts of the sodium chloride, sodium fluoride, potassium chloride containing 5-7 mass % of borax, at the temperature of 750-850°С. The melt of the admixture of the salts has the following composition (in mass %): NaCl - 63, NaF - 25, KCl - 12. The method may be exercised in the continuous mode. The technical result of the invention is the increased productivity of the furnace, the contents of aluminum in the purified aluminum is not less than 99.35 mass %, elimination of the incrustation on the walls of the crucible of the furnace and reduction of the power inputs.
Method of refining aluminum and its alloys / 2290451
Proposed method includes treatment of molten metal with flux containing halogenides of aluminum and alkali metals at mixing by mechanical agitator followed by separation of melt and slag; distance between lower boundary of melt and center of working part of agitator is equal to 0.5-0.6 of melt height. To enhance resistance of rotor, its revolutions are reduced to 200-300 rpm. Prior to introducing flux into aluminum melt, it is dried; consumption of flux is 0.5-0.6 kg per ton of melt.
Method of refining metal / 2287022
Proposed method consists in subjecting the salt whose specific gravity is lesser than that of metal by 1.5-10.5 times to vibration at pouring molten metal into it. The lesser is the difference between specific gravity of salt and metal, the higher is intensity of vibration of molten salt. Proposed method facilitates the refining process, reduces power requirements by 1.5-2.6 times and amount of non-metallic inclusions by 2-3 times and increases tensile strength of cleaned metal by 1.2-1.5 times.
 Magnesium refining furnace / 2283886
Proposed furnace has casing and lined shaft with hearth and electrodes which is closed by roof, branch pipes for loading molten salts and magnesium and discharging magnesium. Casing is conical over entire height with lesser base directed towards furnace hearth at ratio of lower base to upper part of furnace equal to 1: (1.75-1.85). Furnace is provided with detachable bearing plate whose area is equal to area of hearth; central shaft is tightly secured in furnace roof and is mounted on bearing plate; it is made from detachable side-beams; lower side-beam has openings opposite electrodes. Besides that, side-beams of central shaft are interconnected by tenon-and-mortise joints; branch pipes for loading and unloading magnesium are mounted on furnace roof at different sides, central shaft is tightly closed at the top by means of cover provided with branch pipe for loading salt. Side-beams of central shaft are made from cast-iron or steel casting; upper edge of opening of furnace central shaft is located above upper edge of electrode end face; ratio of height of opening of lower side-beam of central part of furnace to its total height is equal to 1: (2.5-3.0).
Flux for melting magnesium alloys / 2283881
Flux contains next relation of ingredients mass. % : magnesium chloride, 33.0 - 41.0; barium chloride, 5.0 -8.0; calcium fluoride, 1.0 -2.0; aluminum fluoride, 2.0 -4.0; (sodium fluoride + calcium chloride), 6.0 - 10.0; manganese carbonate and(or) manganese fluoride, 1.0 - 5.0; potassium chloride, the balance.
Method of magnesium granule fabrication out of magnesium or magnesium alloys production wastes / 2344020
Invention refers to non-ferrous metallurgy, particularly to methods of magnesium and magnesium alloys granule fabrication out of slime or out of casting wastes of magnesium and its alloys production. Wastes in form of metal-salt mixture are extracted out of a capacity wherein they were produced; then the mixture is cooled, crumbled, regrinded and divided by separation into a metallic constituent in form of granules and salt constituent; further the metallic constituent is dispersed into fractions, while salt constituent is caught in cyclones. Regrinding is performed in a dismembrator. After regrinding the mixture of salt and metallic constituents is continuously fed into a separator by air at specific air consumption of 2-8 m3 per ton of crushed material. After separation the salt constituent is used for obtaining fluxes for magnesium and its alloys production.
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FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: invention concerns devices for refinement of magnesium. Furnace of magnesium continuous refinement with salt heating includes lined cylindrical casing installed inside on supports alloying basket with central vertical channel, crown, introduced through side wall lower than alloying basket electrodes and bottom with bevels. At that distance from bottom till electrodes is 200-300 mm, and distance from electrodes till alloying basket is 1.0-2.0 of electrodes height. Electrodes are located symmetrical relative to vertical axes of furnace and relative to each other. In crown above electrodes there are implemented manholes with covers. Supports of alloying basket bear on electro- insulating supports or gaskets, and top edge of electrodes is implemented as bevel. Diameter of bottom horizontal part is 0.5-0.95 of distance between diametrical electrodes. EFFECT: stabilisation of electrical and temperature conditions of furnace. 7 cl, 2 dwg
The invention relates to the production of non-ferrous metals, specifically to a device for refining magnesium. Known oven with salt by heating for melting magnesium (awts of the USSR №1603916, F27B 3/08, SV)containing lined mine with bevels on the furnace hearth, the electrodes and ring the bell, and the electrodes are located below the cap. The disadvantage of the furnace is a possible violation of the electrical conditions of the furnace at the location of the electrodes unacceptably close to the bell or the furnace hearth with the backlog of the sludge. Known furnace for refining magnesium, comprising a casing with a lined bathroom with electrodes, within which is mounted a bell pipe and bottom. The disadvantage of this furnace shown in the drawing in the description to the patent of Russian Federation №2222623, is the location of the heating electrodes of opposite walls of the bell, which results in the operation to misuse the power of the heating transformer, it is necessary to increase the distance between the lining and bell, increasing unproductive volume of the furnace. Known furnace continuous refining of magnesium (RF patent No. 2228964), adopted as the prototype, including the arch, cover with lined bathroom with electrodes installed inside the bell. In the drawing in the description of the bell installed on the anodes above the electrodes. The disadvantage of this furnace is the instability of the electrical and temperature conditions of the furnace with insufficient removal of the electrodes from the element bell bottoms with accumulated therein magnesium-containing sludge. In addition, the electrodes do not have access to clean. The technical result is to stabilize the electrical and temperature conditions of the furnace, and consequently, the quality of the refinement and performance of the furnace due to the clarification of the location of the electrodes in the furnace. The technical result is achieved by the fact that the furnace includes a cylindrical vertical refractory-lined casing installed inside the base of the bell with the Central channel, the furnace hearth with bevels, arch and entered through the side wall below the bell electrodes; the distance from the bottom to the electrodes is 200-300 mm, and the distance from the electrodes to the bell 1,0-2,0 height of the electrodes; when the electrodes relative to the vertical axis are symmetrical and at the same level; in the arch above the electrodes are hatches with covers; this stand of the bells are located symmetrically between the electrodes; this stands bells rely on insulating supports or strips; the upper face of the electrodes in the furnace volume is made oblique; the diameter of the horizontal portion of the bottom is 0.5-0.95 distance between diametrically spaced electrodes. Figure 1 shows a vertical section of the furnace, as in figure 2 - layout of the electrodes and supports bells in the plan. Figures hereafter is obtained: 1 - electrode; 2 - bearing; 3 - lining; 4 bell; 5 - REDD; 6, 7 - hatches; 8 - insulating gasket; 9 - beveled edge electrode; 10 - furnace hearth. Marked by letters: a - the distance from the bottom to the electrode; b - distance from the electrode to the bell; the height of the bell; L - distance between the electrodes; ⊘D - the diameter of the horizontal portion of the bottom. The optimum ratio of the electrodes, bells and lining studied and selected for analog water furnace model. Changing the distance from the bottom to the electrodes and less than 200 mm on the working conditions of the melt may cause the circuit through the metal-containing sludge, and at-a - more than 300 mm can be formed nastily on the furnace hearth, as the flow of the melt will be confined to the higher layers. The distance from the electrodes to the bell-b is less than a height of the electrodes reduces the overall electrical resistance furnace, as part of the current branches in the material of the bell; when the distance-b - more than two heights electrode unreasonably increases the depth of the furnace and complicated maintenance. This refers to the actual height of the electrodes 80-300 mm, and with a larger value is made less, so, C=300 mm b=1,0 · and C=80 mm b=2,0 · C. The symmetrical arrangement of the electrodes allows you to efficiently heat the largest area of the bottom and evenly bell. C the metric location of stands also aligns with the electric field in a salt environment. Accommodation in the stands bells on insulating supports or spacers reduces the leakage current through the lining and reduces the possibility of compromising the integrity of the lining. On the upper faces of the electrodes is possible settling of the sludge, and its cut-facilitates cleaning of the electrode. In addition, the hatches in the ceiling above the electrodes allows one to check the condition of the electrodes and, if necessary, to blow out air. Execution of the diameter of the horizontal portion of the bottom less than the distance between the electrodes (⊘D<L=0,5-0,95L) facilitates cleaning of the bottoms from cuttings tools and mechanisms and reduces the possibility of circuit electrodes of metal-containing sludge. The oven works as follows. In the oven pour salt of a mixture of chlorides of alkali and alkaline earth metals, maid of refinement and the heating medium, the bell pour magnesium raw and, after settling 10-30 minutes, remove refined magnesium. Process temperature 690-710°supported With alternating current connected to the electrodes of the furnace through a reducing furnace transformer, which can be either three-phase (in this case, the number of electrodes divisible by three), and phase (the number of electrodes is a multiple of two). Periodically remove from the oven slabosalenuyu mixture, adding fresh portions of molten salt or cha is partially loading in solid form. Hot melt rises along the lining, and the thread is closed through the Central channel in the bell. Test pilot variant of the furnace with the proposed parameters and elements showed its reliable operation and the ability to regulate temperature of the melt. 1. Furnace continuous refining of magnesium salt heating including lined cylindrical casing mounted inside the base of the bell with the Central vertical channel, the code entered through the side wall below the bells of the electrodes and the furnace hearth with bevels, characterized in that the distance from the bottom to the electrodes is 200-300 mm, and the distance from the electrodes to the bell 1,0-2,0 height of the electrodes. 2. Furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrodes relative to the vertical axis of the furnace are arranged symmetrically and at the same level. 3. Furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that in the arch above the electrodes are hatches with covers. 4. Furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the stand of the bells are located symmetrically between the electrodes. 5. Furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the stand bell rely on insulating supports or pads. 6. Furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the top face of the electrodes in the furnace volume is made oblique. 7. Furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the horizontal portion of the bottom status is made 0.5 to 0.95 distance between diametrically spaced electrodes.
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