Furnace for refining magnesium |
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IPC classes for russian patent Furnace for refining magnesium (RU 2320944):
  
 Method and device for compaction of porous substrate by the gaseous phase chemical infiltration / 2319682
Invention is pertaining to the field of compaction of porous substrates by- the gaseous phase chemical infiltration. Exercise loading of substrates exposed to compaction- into the furnace loading area; heat up substrates in the furnace up to their temperature, at which the required substance of the mold will be formed from the gaseous source or sources contained in the gas-reactant. Then- on the one hand of the furnace inject gas-reagent and heat it up after injection- during its transit in the furnace through the gas heating area located- in the direction of the gas-reagent travel through the furnace in front of the loading area. Gas-reactant is exposed to preheating before its injection in the furnace for reaching prior its injection in the furnace of the temperature intermediate -between the environment temperature and the substrates preheating temperature. Installation includes the furnace, the area of substrates loading in the furnace, the means of heating of substrates in the loading area, at least, one hole for the gas-reagent injection in the furnace and, at least, one heating area of the gas-reagent disposed in the furnace between the hole of the gas-reagent injection and the loading area. Installation also contains, at least, one gas preheating device disposed out of the furnace and connected, at least, with one hole used for injection of the gas-reagentin the furnace and ensuring- preliminary heating up of the gas-reagent before its injection in the furnace. The presented method and the device allow to reduce significantly the temperature gradient in the whole area of loading without usage of the large the volume of the gas-reagent heating area.
 Method for producing small-size cast pieces of high-active metals and alloys and plant for performing the same / 2319578
Apparatus includes melting and pouring chamber where non-consumable electrode and crucible of graphite are arranged. Inner surface of crucible is covered with refractory tungsten non-interacting with melt. Apparatus for tilting crucible includes carcass having two mutually parallel vertical grooves. In mutually opposite grooves rollers are arranged with possibility of limited motion. Said rollers are secured to ends of levers through hinges joined with crucible. Carcass includes movable support for crucible secured to wall of carcass. Said support may be moved in horizontal plane. In order to set designed gap, crucible and apparatus for tilting it are moved upwards till contact of billet with end of electrode; then movable support of crucible is introduced and crucible is moved downwards till support. After melting billet said support is withdrawn. Crucible falls down and tilts along path providing motion of point of crucible inner surface at side of draining mostly spaced from axis of crucible in tilting plane along vertical line.
 Gypsum drying and/or burning plant / 2316517
Method involves supplying hot gases to inlet of the first channel; delivering gypsum to inlet of the second channel, which is concentric to the first one; moving gypsum in the second channel by supply screw; providing indirect heat-exchange between gypsum and hot gases; burning gypsum to obtain semihydrate gypsum. Gypsum movement and indirect heat-exchange stages include drying and partial burning gypsum to create semihydrate gypsum. Gypsum burning at the last stage is terminated in bringing gypsum into contact with hot gases. The last burning operation is of pulsed type. Gypsum movement and heat-exchanging stages continue for 30 sec-5 min. Gypsum burning by hot gases is carried out for 1-10 sec. Device for described method realization and ready product are also disclosed.
 Furnace for processing oxidized ore materials containing nickel, cobalt, iron / 2315934
Furnace includes caisson shaft divided by means of vertical cross partition by melting and reducing chambers provided with tuyeres; united stepped along chambers hearth; siphon with over-flow duct and with openings for discharging slag and metal-containing melt. Vertical cross partition dividing chambers is mounted fluid-tightly in hearth of melting chamber and it has height equal to 35 - 55 diameters of tuyeres of melting chamber over plane of their arranging. Hearth of reducing chamber is inclined by angle 25 - 60° to horizon from vertical cross partition towards over-flow duct.
 Magnesium refining furnace / 2283886
Proposed furnace has casing and lined shaft with hearth and electrodes which is closed by roof, branch pipes for loading molten salts and magnesium and discharging magnesium. Casing is conical over entire height with lesser base directed towards furnace hearth at ratio of lower base to upper part of furnace equal to 1: (1.75-1.85). Furnace is provided with detachable bearing plate whose area is equal to area of hearth; central shaft is tightly secured in furnace roof and is mounted on bearing plate; it is made from detachable side-beams; lower side-beam has openings opposite electrodes. Besides that, side-beams of central shaft are interconnected by tenon-and-mortise joints; branch pipes for loading and unloading magnesium are mounted on furnace roof at different sides, central shaft is tightly closed at the top by means of cover provided with branch pipe for loading salt. Side-beams of central shaft are made from cast-iron or steel casting; upper edge of opening of furnace central shaft is located above upper edge of electrode end face; ratio of height of opening of lower side-beam of central part of furnace to its total height is equal to 1: (2.5-3.0).
 Method and device for processing raw lead material / 2283359
Proposed method includes treatment of entire volume of slag melt with oxygen-containing blast in zone of delivery of blast to melt at rate of 500-1500 nm3/h per m3 of slag; oxygen-containing blast is simultaneously delivered to slag melt at level above metallic lead surface of 5 to 20 calibers of lance and above slag melt of 30-80 calibers of lance assuming smooth surface of slag; metallic lead temperature is maintained within 700-1100°C and that of slag within 900-1300°C. For realization of this method, use is made of furnace whose crucible hearth located vertically in calibers of lance of lower row relative to horizontal plane of lances below by 10-30 calibers under furnace shaft and slag siphon channel hang-up by 2-10 calibers, pouring port lip is located above by 10-20 calibers and by 30-100 calibers of upper row lances; lead siphon hang-up is located below hearth level by 2-5 calibers.
 Device for refining magnesium and preparation of magnesium alloys / 2273673
Device refining magnesium and preparation of magnesium alloys includes furnace made in form of shaft with casing lined with heat-insulating and refractory layers, heaters, crucible with flange, bearing ring and cover; refractory layer consists of several detachable cylindrical blocks in height of furnace shaft interconnected by means of tenon-slot joints and provided with projection on outer side and slot on inner side. Detachable block is solid in form and is assembled from half-rings which are interconnected by means of slot-to-slot joints and are secured by mortar. Block is made from high-strength chemically and thermally stable refractory material, for example concrete claydite or fluorine phlogopipe. Heat-insulating layer is made from basalt slabs. Ratio of refractory and heat-insulating layers is equal to 1:1.5. Zigzag heaters are secured on refractory block over entire height of furnace shaft.
 Method for pyrometallurgical processing of non-ferrous ores and concentrates for producing of matte or metal and flow line for performing the same / 2267545
Method involves melting with the use of oxygen-containing blast gas; converting; depleting slag in gasifier; reducing gases from melting process and converting with hot gases from gasifier. Oxygen-containing blast gas used is exhaust gas of energetic gas turbine unit operating on natural gas or gas generating gas from coal gasification. Gas used for gas turbine unit is gas generating gas from bath coal gasification produced on slag depletion. Flow line has melting bubbling furnace, converter, gasifier for slag depletion, gas turbine unit with system of gas discharge channel connected through branches with tuyeres of melting furnace, converter and gasifier. Each of said branches is equipped with pressure regulator and flow regulator.
 Method of purification of zinc from oxides of foreign metals and furnace for realization of this method / 2261925
Proposed method includes loading zinc into cages in sodium tetraborate melt containing 3-7 mass-% of boric acid anhydride at temperature of 750-800°C. Furnace used for purification of zinc is provided with pot for melt for avoidance of pouring of sodium tetraborate melt. Said pot is provided with branch pipe for pouring purified zinc melt into ingot molds. Proposed method may be performed in continuous mode. Production of zinc is increased not below 99.55%.
 Furnace with inner heaters / 2246086
The melting cavity with heaters located in it, the heaters pass outside through the brickwork, where they are cooled for production of the conditions of melt crystallization inside the brickwork thus providing the furnace leak-proofness, the minimum thickness of the brickwork is determined by an empirical relation: dmin=a+b(Tf-Tmelt)/Tmeit+C[Theat/Tmelt-Theat)]2, where: dmin- the minimum wall thickness; Tf - the temperature of metal inside the furnace; Tmelt- the metal melting point; Theat- the temperature of the outside end faces of heaters; a, b, c - empirical coefficients equal to 10, 25 and 2,2 cm respectively.
Method of refinement of the aluminum alloys / 2318029
The invention is pertaining to the method of refinement of aluminum alloys. The method includes treatment of the molten bath with the flux containing chlorides, fluorides and the refractory filling agents in the form of the dispersion particles of the refractory aluminum and silicon oxides. At that the flux is admixed in the alloy, which is in the solid-liquid state, and then it is heated up to the temperature of 720-730°С. In the capacity of the basic refinement reactant in the flux is used silicon dioxide SiO2 or the metakaolinite Al2О3·2SiO2 at the following components ratio(in mass %): KCl - 1.9-9.4, NaCl - 1.2-6.0, Na3AlF6 - 0.9-4.6, SiO2 or - Al2O3·2SiO2 - the rest. The invention ensures the ecological protection, the heightened refinement capability, the low net cost.
 Magnesium refining method and apparatus for performing the same / 2310000
Method comprises steps of melting magnesium in vessel; heating it till magnesium refining temperature; feeding zirconium tetrachloride and impurities sludge. Before melting magnesium, magnesium chloride is loaded into said vessel. Refining is performed in argon atmosphere at temperature 750 -800°C with use of zirconium tetrachloride vapor fed at rate 20 - 40 kg/h for further depositing impurities into melt magnesium chloride. Argon is bubbled through melt magnesium for 15 - 30 min. Apparatus for refining magnesium includes vessel for refining magnesium and shaft electric furnace. Sleeve protected by screen and having passing through it branch pipes for feeding vapor of zirconium tetrachloride and for pumping refined magnesium to receptacle is arranged in said vessel. Vessel is fluid-tightly closed by means of lid having branch pipe for feeding vapor of zirconium tetrachloride, branch pipe for feeding argon and branch pipe with tube for sampling refined magnesium. Said tube is used for bubbling argon. Apparatus is also provided with pulsator.
 Method of removal the impurity metals oxides from aluminum at its purification / 2305712
The invention is pertaining to metallurgy industry and man be used for purification of the various aluminum wastes from the impurity metals oxides with production the aluminum used for the anticorrosion coating of the steel strips, for the steel deoxidation in the open-hearth furnaces, manufacture of the various products from aluminum, production of the various alloys on the basis of the aluminum. The method provides for the loading of the aluminum in the stand into the melt of the mixture of the salts of the sodium chloride, sodium fluoride, potassium chloride containing 5-7 mass % of borax, at the temperature of 750-850°С. The melt of the admixture of the salts has the following composition (in mass %): NaCl - 63, NaF - 25, KCl - 12. The method may be exercised in the continuous mode. The technical result of the invention is the increased productivity of the furnace, the contents of aluminum in the purified aluminum is not less than 99.35 mass %, elimination of the incrustation on the walls of the crucible of the furnace and reduction of the power inputs.
Method of refining aluminum and its alloys / 2290451
Proposed method includes treatment of molten metal with flux containing halogenides of aluminum and alkali metals at mixing by mechanical agitator followed by separation of melt and slag; distance between lower boundary of melt and center of working part of agitator is equal to 0.5-0.6 of melt height. To enhance resistance of rotor, its revolutions are reduced to 200-300 rpm. Prior to introducing flux into aluminum melt, it is dried; consumption of flux is 0.5-0.6 kg per ton of melt.
Method of refining metal / 2287022
Proposed method consists in subjecting the salt whose specific gravity is lesser than that of metal by 1.5-10.5 times to vibration at pouring molten metal into it. The lesser is the difference between specific gravity of salt and metal, the higher is intensity of vibration of molten salt. Proposed method facilitates the refining process, reduces power requirements by 1.5-2.6 times and amount of non-metallic inclusions by 2-3 times and increases tensile strength of cleaned metal by 1.2-1.5 times.
Magnesium refining furnace / 2283886
Proposed furnace has casing and lined shaft with hearth and electrodes which is closed by roof, branch pipes for loading molten salts and magnesium and discharging magnesium. Casing is conical over entire height with lesser base directed towards furnace hearth at ratio of lower base to upper part of furnace equal to 1: (1.75-1.85). Furnace is provided with detachable bearing plate whose area is equal to area of hearth; central shaft is tightly secured in furnace roof and is mounted on bearing plate; it is made from detachable side-beams; lower side-beam has openings opposite electrodes. Besides that, side-beams of central shaft are interconnected by tenon-and-mortise joints; branch pipes for loading and unloading magnesium are mounted on furnace roof at different sides, central shaft is tightly closed at the top by means of cover provided with branch pipe for loading salt. Side-beams of central shaft are made from cast-iron or steel casting; upper edge of opening of furnace central shaft is located above upper edge of electrode end face; ratio of height of opening of lower side-beam of central part of furnace to its total height is equal to 1: (2.5-3.0).
Flux for melting magnesium alloys / 2283881
Flux contains next relation of ingredients mass. % : magnesium chloride, 33.0 - 41.0; barium chloride, 5.0 -8.0; calcium fluoride, 1.0 -2.0; aluminum fluoride, 2.0 -4.0; (sodium fluoride + calcium chloride), 6.0 - 10.0; manganese carbonate and(or) manganese fluoride, 1.0 - 5.0; potassium chloride, the balance.
Method of treatment of aluminum or its alloys / 2281977
Proposed method includes blowing gas suspension through lance immersed in melt at simultaneous introduction of high-velocity jet of neutral gas into area of delivery of gas suspension directly in melt of metal. Introduction of high-velocity gas is performed through gas suspension supply lance. Flux or modifying compounds in powder state may be used as gas suspension component. During treatment, pressure of gas is maintained at level no less than 8 atm; supply of gas is carried out through one or several nozzle of lance at diameter of hole not exceeding 1.5 mm. Proposed method enhances assimilability of flux materials in molten aluminum reducing slag formation by 1.6-1.7 times and content of aluminum oxide in slag by 1.2-2.5 times.
 Method of treatment of aluminum alloys / 2263720
Proposed method includes introduction of degassing Eutectics tablet, potassium hexafluoro -zirconate and holding at definite time. Degassing Eutectics tablet and potassium hexafluoro-zirconate are introduced together with manganese chloride; mixture is introduced in bell; components are placed in bell layer by layer in the following sequence: manganese chloride, potassium hexafluoro-zirconate, degassing Eutectics tablet at the following mass ratio: manganese chloride: potassium hexafluoro-zirconate : degassing Eutectics tablet = 1 : (1-2) : (0.5-0.75).
Method of production of powdered fluxes / 2261927
The invention is pertaining to the field of nonferrous metallurgy, in particular, to the methods of production of fluxes for melting and casting of magnesium and its alloys. The method of production of powdered fluxes includes dehydration of the solid carnallite and flux-forming additives containing a water of crystallization. At that the dehydration is conducted in several stages in a multichamber furnace of a boiling layer. On the first stage the carnallite is treated with chimney gases, on the second stage the carnallite is treated with the chimney gases containing hydrogen chloride, and on third stage it is mixed with the flux-forming additives containing the water of crystallization and conduct the air separation. The chimney gases are produced due to feeding of chlorine-containing gases in the flare of the natural gas burning. Specific consumption of chlorine per 1 ton of a dehydrated carnallite makes 50-200 kg ensuring a raise of productivity of the flux production process and improvement of its quality.
 Magnesium extraction method from natural silicon-containing materials / 2318888
Method comprises steps of disintegrating initial solid material; leaching it and washing leached residue. Disintegration is performed till fraction size 0.4 + 0.1 mm. Leaching of disintegrated material and washing of leached deposit are realized by countercurrent in uprising vertical flows of hydrochloric acid solution and water at heating and applying reciprocation type oscillations with intensity 800 - 1000 mm/min. Transportation of leached deposit to washing operation is realized by means of hydraulic transport with use of water. At unloading leached deposit from vertical flow, volume of water equal to volume of unloaded deposit is guided for mixing with initial water used for hydraulic transport.
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FIELD: non-ferrous metallurgy, namely removing impurities from magnesium, particularly furnace for refining magnesium. SUBSTANCE: furnace for refining magnesium includes jacket with lined bath where electrodes are arranged; supports arranged on hearth of furnace for supporting bell with central branch pipe. Said bell and bath are mounted coaxially one to other and they have cylindrical shapes with relation of their diameters (0.8 - 0.9) : 1. Branch pipe of bell is embedded under roof having opening. Novelty is that distance between electrodes and furnace hearth consists 14 - 15% of height of lined bath of furnace; distance between lower cut of bell and furnace hearth consists of 10 -15% of height of line bath. Branch pipe of bell is protected by means of cast iron coating. EFFECT: improved efficiency of furnace for refining magnesium. 1 dwg
The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the purification of magnesium from impurities. A device for refining magnesium impurities - mixer for the preparation of magnesium-reductant in the production of titanium sponge (Vyatkin I.P., Kachin VA, Moscow SV Refining and casting of primary magnesium. - M.: metallurgy, 1974, p.47, Riv), consisting of a casing lined with a bath which contains the electrodes, the bells from the Central pipe of the furnace roof with a hole. The disadvantage of this mixer is low productivity in the short lifetime lined tubs, as the lining where it passes vertically arranged electrodes were destroyed. In these cases, the mixer had to be stopped for overhaul. Closest to the proposed invention is a furnace for the refining of magnesium patent No. 2092760 from 5.09.95, bull. No. 28, 10.10.97. This oven includes a casing lined with a bath which contains the electrodes, a support mounted on the furnace hearth furnace, which is the bell with a Central pipe, a bell and a tub placed coaxially to each other, made of cylindrical shape with the ratio of their diameters (0,8-0,9):1, tube bells buried under the arch, which is made for him the hole. However, the performance of the known furnace for refining MAGN what I'm not high enough due to the low location of the lower edge of the bell and of the electrodes relative to the bottom. The bottom of the bell can be immersed in the slurry, Academy on the furnace hearth, and reduce the circulation of the electrolyte in the oven, reducing the temperature of the magnesium under the bell, to increase the time of heating magnesium, i.e. decrease the performance of the furnace. The lack of protection of the surface of the Central pipe leads to rapid wear and to stop the furnace for repair. Therefore, it also reduces the productivity of the furnace. The technical result of the present invention is to increase the productivity of the furnace for refining magnesium. The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the furnace for refining magnesium, comprising a casing lined with a bath which contains the electrodes, a support mounted on the furnace hearth furnace, which is the bell with a Central pipe, a bell and a tub placed coaxially to each other, made of cylindrical shape with the ratio of their diameters (0,8-0,9):1, tube bells buried under the arch, which made the hole, what's new is that the distance of the electrodes from the bottom of the furnace is 14-15% of the height of lined bath furnace, the distance of the lower edge of the bell from the bottom to the height of lined baths the furnace is 10-15%, and the pipe bell is protected by a cast-iron floor. The side electrodes from the bottom of the furnace on the distance of 14-15% of the height f arowanas baths, avoids zasilanie the electrode surface, i.e. improves the performance of the furnace. The location of the lower edge of the bell at a distance from the bottom of the furnace, comprising 10-15% of the height of lined baths, eliminates the ingrown lower edge of the bell in removesection mixture on the furnace hearth furnace, thereby increasing the productivity of the furnace. Protection pipe bell cast iron allows you to increase the life of the bell, thereby increasing productivity of the furnace. Therefore, all the characteristics of the claimed invention enhance the performance of the furnace for refining magnesium. Furnace for the refining of magnesium is shown in the drawing. The furnace consists of a casing 1, lined bath 2, in which is placed a steel electrodes 3, a support 4 of the bottom 5, which is the bell 6 with the Central ecohumanism pipe 7, which is buried under the arch 8 with a Central hole 9; code of 8 is set steel frame 10, upon which the spring filling funnel 11 and the sample funnel 12. Furnace for refining magnesium works as follows. In lined tub 2 with the casing 1 of cylindrical form is filled with 20 tons of electrolyte (15% MgCl2; 30% NaCl; 50% KCl, 5% CaCl2and establish on supports 4 of the bottom 5 of the cylindrical bell 6 ecohumanism pipe wichout electrodes 3, bake covered with a vault of 8 with a Central hole 9. On the arch 8 install steel frame 10 on which is based the spring filling funnel 11 and the sample funnel 12. After reaching a furnace temperature of 700°under the bell 6 pour 10 tons of magnesium through the filling funnel 11. Magnesium is heated to 700°and defend from impurities within 30 min, after which through selective funnel 12 refined magnesium choose from the furnace vacuum ladle. As a sample of magnesium refined in the furnace again fill the magnesium raw, which rafinuyut by passing through the layer of heating the electrolyte and sludge. Periodically hearth furnace 5 choose removesection mixture vacuum ladle without stopping the furnace for refining magnesium. The selected distance from the electrodes on the side surface to the bottom, equal to 14% (h1from the height of lined baths (N), prevents sludge from the bottom of the furnace on their surface. Therefore, ensures fast heating of magnesium, resulting in increased productivity of the furnace. The selected distance of the lower edge of the bell 6 (h2from hearth furnace 5, equal to 12% of the height of lined baths (N), eliminates the ingrown bells in removesection mixture. Therefore, do not delay in the furnace increases its performance. Protection pipe 7 layer is oguna allows it to operate for a long period of time without removing the bell 6 for repair. Consequently, this increases the productivity of the furnace. As a result, the productivity of the furnace when the total use of the proposed signs furnace for refining magnesium can be increased by 20%. Furnace for refining magnesium containing casing lined with a bath which contains the electrodes located on the furnace hearth furnace supports installed on the bell with the Central pipe, the bell and the tub is placed coaxially to each other and made of cylindrical shape with the ratio of their diameters (0,8-0,9):1, and the pipe bell buried under the arch, which is made for him the hole, characterized in that the distance of the electrodes on the side surface to the bottom of the furnace is 14-15% of the height of lined bath furnace, the distance of the lower edge of the bell from the bottom to the height of lined baths the furnace is 10-15%, and the pipe bell is made with a protective cast cover.
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