Method of melting of ferronickel out of oxidised nickel ores and products of their concentration and assembly for implementation of this method |
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IPC classes for russian patent Method of melting of ferronickel out of oxidised nickel ores and products of their concentration and assembly for implementation of this method (RU 2336355):
      
 Plant for research of objectives at high temperatures / 2322646
The plant has a working chamber with a loading port made for its shut-off, device for attachment of the objective and at least one fuel trap with swirl injectors located inside the chamber, fuel tank connected to the device for fuel supply, pipe for fuel feed to the trap, whose one end is connected to the device for fuel supply, and the other-to the trap, ignition device. In addition, the installation has a cooled coil with an adjustable gate valve at its outlet and a fuel temperature-sensitive element installed at its inlet, at least one pipe for discharge of fuel from the fuel trap, whose one end is connected to the upper surface of the fuel trap on the side opposite the point of connection to it of the pipe of fuel supply, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the cooled coil, whose outlet is connected to the fuel tank through the adjustable gate valve. The swirl injectors are provided with branch pipes made for fuel supply to the injectors from the bottom surface of the fuel trap.
 Furnace for refining magnesium / 2320944
Furnace for refining magnesium includes jacket with lined bath where electrodes are arranged; supports arranged on hearth of furnace for supporting bell with central branch pipe. Said bell and bath are mounted coaxially one to other and they have cylindrical shapes with relation of their diameters (0.8 - 0.9) : 1. Branch pipe of bell is embedded under roof having opening. Novelty is that distance between electrodes and furnace hearth consists 14 - 15% of height of lined bath of furnace; distance between lower cut of bell and furnace hearth consists of 10 -15% of height of line bath. Branch pipe of bell is protected by means of cast iron coating.
 Method and device for compaction of porous substrate by the gaseous phase chemical infiltration / 2319682
Invention is pertaining to the field of compaction of porous substrates by- the gaseous phase chemical infiltration. Exercise loading of substrates exposed to compaction- into the furnace loading area; heat up substrates in the furnace up to their temperature, at which the required substance of the mold will be formed from the gaseous source or sources contained in the gas-reactant. Then- on the one hand of the furnace inject gas-reagent and heat it up after injection- during its transit in the furnace through the gas heating area located- in the direction of the gas-reagent travel through the furnace in front of the loading area. Gas-reactant is exposed to preheating before its injection in the furnace for reaching prior its injection in the furnace of the temperature intermediate -between the environment temperature and the substrates preheating temperature. Installation includes the furnace, the area of substrates loading in the furnace, the means of heating of substrates in the loading area, at least, one hole for the gas-reagent injection in the furnace and, at least, one heating area of the gas-reagent disposed in the furnace between the hole of the gas-reagent injection and the loading area. Installation also contains, at least, one gas preheating device disposed out of the furnace and connected, at least, with one hole used for injection of the gas-reagentin the furnace and ensuring- preliminary heating up of the gas-reagent before its injection in the furnace. The presented method and the device allow to reduce significantly the temperature gradient in the whole area of loading without usage of the large the volume of the gas-reagent heating area.
 Method for producing small-size cast pieces of high-active metals and alloys and plant for performing the same / 2319578
Apparatus includes melting and pouring chamber where non-consumable electrode and crucible of graphite are arranged. Inner surface of crucible is covered with refractory tungsten non-interacting with melt. Apparatus for tilting crucible includes carcass having two mutually parallel vertical grooves. In mutually opposite grooves rollers are arranged with possibility of limited motion. Said rollers are secured to ends of levers through hinges joined with crucible. Carcass includes movable support for crucible secured to wall of carcass. Said support may be moved in horizontal plane. In order to set designed gap, crucible and apparatus for tilting it are moved upwards till contact of billet with end of electrode; then movable support of crucible is introduced and crucible is moved downwards till support. After melting billet said support is withdrawn. Crucible falls down and tilts along path providing motion of point of crucible inner surface at side of draining mostly spaced from axis of crucible in tilting plane along vertical line.
 Gypsum drying and/or burning plant / 2316517
Method involves supplying hot gases to inlet of the first channel; delivering gypsum to inlet of the second channel, which is concentric to the first one; moving gypsum in the second channel by supply screw; providing indirect heat-exchange between gypsum and hot gases; burning gypsum to obtain semihydrate gypsum. Gypsum movement and indirect heat-exchange stages include drying and partial burning gypsum to create semihydrate gypsum. Gypsum burning at the last stage is terminated in bringing gypsum into contact with hot gases. The last burning operation is of pulsed type. Gypsum movement and heat-exchanging stages continue for 30 sec-5 min. Gypsum burning by hot gases is carried out for 1-10 sec. Device for described method realization and ready product are also disclosed.
 Furnace for processing oxidized ore materials containing nickel, cobalt, iron / 2315934
Furnace includes caisson shaft divided by means of vertical cross partition by melting and reducing chambers provided with tuyeres; united stepped along chambers hearth; siphon with over-flow duct and with openings for discharging slag and metal-containing melt. Vertical cross partition dividing chambers is mounted fluid-tightly in hearth of melting chamber and it has height equal to 35 - 55 diameters of tuyeres of melting chamber over plane of their arranging. Hearth of reducing chamber is inclined by angle 25 - 60° to horizon from vertical cross partition towards over-flow duct.
 Magnesium refining furnace / 2283886
Proposed furnace has casing and lined shaft with hearth and electrodes which is closed by roof, branch pipes for loading molten salts and magnesium and discharging magnesium. Casing is conical over entire height with lesser base directed towards furnace hearth at ratio of lower base to upper part of furnace equal to 1: (1.75-1.85). Furnace is provided with detachable bearing plate whose area is equal to area of hearth; central shaft is tightly secured in furnace roof and is mounted on bearing plate; it is made from detachable side-beams; lower side-beam has openings opposite electrodes. Besides that, side-beams of central shaft are interconnected by tenon-and-mortise joints; branch pipes for loading and unloading magnesium are mounted on furnace roof at different sides, central shaft is tightly closed at the top by means of cover provided with branch pipe for loading salt. Side-beams of central shaft are made from cast-iron or steel casting; upper edge of opening of furnace central shaft is located above upper edge of electrode end face; ratio of height of opening of lower side-beam of central part of furnace to its total height is equal to 1: (2.5-3.0).
 Method and device for processing raw lead material / 2283359
Proposed method includes treatment of entire volume of slag melt with oxygen-containing blast in zone of delivery of blast to melt at rate of 500-1500 nm3/h per m3 of slag; oxygen-containing blast is simultaneously delivered to slag melt at level above metallic lead surface of 5 to 20 calibers of lance and above slag melt of 30-80 calibers of lance assuming smooth surface of slag; metallic lead temperature is maintained within 700-1100°C and that of slag within 900-1300°C. For realization of this method, use is made of furnace whose crucible hearth located vertically in calibers of lance of lower row relative to horizontal plane of lances below by 10-30 calibers under furnace shaft and slag siphon channel hang-up by 2-10 calibers, pouring port lip is located above by 10-20 calibers and by 30-100 calibers of upper row lances; lead siphon hang-up is located below hearth level by 2-5 calibers.
 Device for refining magnesium and preparation of magnesium alloys / 2273673
Device refining magnesium and preparation of magnesium alloys includes furnace made in form of shaft with casing lined with heat-insulating and refractory layers, heaters, crucible with flange, bearing ring and cover; refractory layer consists of several detachable cylindrical blocks in height of furnace shaft interconnected by means of tenon-slot joints and provided with projection on outer side and slot on inner side. Detachable block is solid in form and is assembled from half-rings which are interconnected by means of slot-to-slot joints and are secured by mortar. Block is made from high-strength chemically and thermally stable refractory material, for example concrete claydite or fluorine phlogopipe. Heat-insulating layer is made from basalt slabs. Ratio of refractory and heat-insulating layers is equal to 1:1.5. Zigzag heaters are secured on refractory block over entire height of furnace shaft.
 Method for pyrometallurgical processing of non-ferrous ores and concentrates for producing of matte or metal and flow line for performing the same / 2267545
Method involves melting with the use of oxygen-containing blast gas; converting; depleting slag in gasifier; reducing gases from melting process and converting with hot gases from gasifier. Oxygen-containing blast gas used is exhaust gas of energetic gas turbine unit operating on natural gas or gas generating gas from coal gasification. Gas used for gas turbine unit is gas generating gas from bath coal gasification produced on slag depletion. Flow line has melting bubbling furnace, converter, gasifier for slag depletion, gas turbine unit with system of gas discharge channel connected through branches with tuyeres of melting furnace, converter and gasifier. Each of said branches is equipped with pressure regulator and flow regulator.
 High titanium ferro alloy produced by two stages reduction out of ilmenite / 2335564
Invention refers to high titanium ferroalloy, produced by two stages melting in electric furnace; alloy is used as alloying component at production of steel with high level of physic-mechanical properties. For producing of ferroalloy the charge prepared out of ilmenite, iron and/or steel scrap, crushed electrodes and/or coke, lime and/or lime stone is used; then slag containing titanium oxide and part of iron melt on the first stage are withdrawn; a consumable electrode in a steel coat is melted under the layer of flux; the said electrode contains crushed slag of the first stage and aluminium as filler. Ferro alloy contains components at a following ratio, wt %: titanium 68.02-78.7; iron 19.32-30.0; impurities to 1.98.
 Consumable electrode for producing high titanium ferro alloy by means of electro slag melting / 2335553
Consumable electrode contains as titanium containing filler mixture of slag with contents of titanium oxides not less, than 78 wt %, obtained by melting of ilmenite in electric furnace, reducer and binding agent; at that ratio of area of cross section of steel coat to area of cross section of filler in consumable electrode is not more, than 0.024, density of filler mixture packing in steel coat is not less, than 2.7 t/m3.
Charge for carbonaceous ferromanganese melting / 2334006
Invention concerns metallurgy field. Particularly it concerns manufacturing of ferromanganese with carbon content 5.0- 7.0 mass%. Charge contains, mass %: manganese concentrate of chemical enrichment 50.0-54.0; iron chips 1.0-3.0; coke 10.0-12.0; silicomanganese waste slug 8.0-12.0; silicon 25.0-27.0. Silicon ratio to manganese concentrates of chemical enrichment 1:2.
Method of producing nitrated ferroalloys and addition alloys / 2331691
Invention refers to iron and steel and non-ferrous metallurgy, particularly to production of nitrated ferroalloys and addition alloys for following alloying of steel, copper and aluminium with nitrogen. As basic initial materials metals of I, II groups and their alloys, nonmetals of III-VIII groups of periodic table are used, and as an additive nitride generating metals and/or their alloys are used. Only an additive is subject to nitriding under a burning mode. Crushed basic initial materials and the product of additive nitriding are mixed at a mass ratio (1-5):1, then the mixture is compacted, and sintered or melted. The invention extends assortment of nitrided materials; with ferroalloys and addition alloys acquiring new characteristics; it also allows regulation of nitrogen contents, density values and melting temperatures of ferroalloys and addition alloys, including on those base of materials where nitriding by means of known methods is impossible.
Method of producing high titanium ferroalloy out of ilmenite / 2329322
Method includes preliminary introducing of iron scrap into electric arc furnace, melting it and removing off the created slag, loading after tapping at the first stage of charge of ilmenite, crushed electrodes, lime or limestone, reduction and melting of iron, tapping of slag, containing titanium oxide, preparation of the basic stock for the second melting stage; the basic stock consisting of a crushed slag containing titanium oxide received at the first stage and aluminium; then melting of the basic stock for production of ferroalloy. Prepared basic stock is used as a filler, out of which an expendable electrode in a metal coat is formed which is melted under a flux layer till creation of ferrotitanium containing 68-78.7 mas.% of titanium, 19.3-30.0 mas.% of iron and up to 1.98 mas.% of additives.
Stock for ferrotitanium production / 2325456
Said utility invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular, to the alloyage production technology, and may be used for producing ferrotitanium using the aluminothermic method. The stock additionally contains rutile, potassium chlorate, calcium peroxide, and fluorite, and the stock components are taken in the following ratio: ilmenite concentrate 0.38-0.43, rutile 0.11-0.13, aluminium powder 0.22-0.25, lime 0.035-0.05, calcium peroxide 0.025-0.065, potassium chlorate 0.055-0.065, fluorite 0.08-0.011, ferrosilicium 0.01-0.015, ferric oxide 0.05-0.06. The invention allows to obtain 20-70% of ferrotitanium from ore concentrates.
Charge for melting carbon ferromanganese / 2319772
Proposed charge contains the following components, mass-%: manganese concentrate of chemical concentration, 64.0-66.0; iron chips, 4.5-6.0; coke, 12.0-14.0; silico-manganese waste slag, 15.0-17.0; calcium, 0.4-0.8; potassium, 0.1-0.2. This charge makes it possible to reduce power requirements to 2000-2100 kW/h.
Ferrotitanium used to alloy the steel and the method of its alumino-thermal production of the ferrotitanium / 2318032
The invention is pertaining to the field of metallurgy, in particular, to production of alloys used for alloying, for example, the corrosion-proof steels. The ferrotitanium contains the components at the following ratio (in mass %):titanium - 48-56; aluminum - 10-16; silicon -up to 3; molybdenum - up to 0.1; zirconium - up to 0.3; copper - up to 0.9; vanadium - up to 0.8; carbon - up to 0.10; phosphorus - up to 0.06; sulfur - up to 0.03; tin - up to 0.02; iron - the rest. At first exercise the smelting penetration of the ignition part of the burden containing the ilmenite concentrate, aluminum, the oxidant and lime, then exercise the smelting penetration in the electric furnace of the ilmenite and rutile concentrates in the ratio of the masses of (0.8-1.2 : 1) in the amount of 60-75 % of the whole titanium raw with the lime, recover by aluminum the oxides of the melt and simultaneously of the loaded residual part of the ilmenite concentrate, and right after the termination of the recovery of the oxides they exercise the heat tapping of the smelt products. The invention allows to reduce the specific consumption of aluminum by 10-15 % and the iron oxides, considerably to reduce the contents of the harmful impurities, and also the ratio of aluminum and silicon to titanium in ferrotitanium.
 Ferronickel producing method and method for producing initial material used for producing ferronickel / 2313595
Method comprises steps of mixing initial material containing nickel oxide and iron oxide with carbon containing reducing agent; granulating mixture with use of granulator; heating prepared granules and reducing them in furnace with movable hearth; regulating time period of granules presence in furnace with movable hearth in such a way that to obtain reduced granules in which nickel metallization degree is equal to 40% or more and iron metallization degree is less at least by 15% than nickel metallization degree. Ferronickel with high content of nickel is produced due to melting reduced granules in melting furnace.
Method of processing aluminum-containing raw material / 2313491
Proposed method includes preparation of charge from aluminum-containing raw material - nepheline concentrate, iron-containing and alkaline-containing additives and reductant at molar ratio of R2O/Al2O3 equal to 0.95-1.15, where R is alkaline metal in terms of sodium. Then reducing melting is carried out at temperature of 1450-1660°C. After melting, aluminum-containing phase and ferrosilicon are separated by segregation. Aluminum-containing phase is leached-out and aluminate solution thus obtained is processed by carbonization.
 Method of regeneration of metallic chromium from slags containing chromium oxide / 2247161
Proposed method is used for converter processes such as AOD, MRP, AOD-L, MRP-L, CLU, ASM, Conars-Stainless steel, or vacuum processes such as VOD, SS-VOD, RH and RH with use of oxygen lance. Slag formed at the end of blowing and treatment in converter or vacuum plant is drained and removed in unreduced state; this slag is fed to electric furnace which is loaded with standard charge consisting of metal scrap and residual dust; then carbon is additionally fed and silicon if necessary; during melting, chromium oxide contained is slag is reduced by means of carbon and silicon.
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FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: inventions refer to metallurgy and can be used fro production of ferronickel with various contents of nickel out of Ural and other oxidised nickel ores. The assembly is equipped with injectors for blowing dust into slag melt, the said dust caught in gas cleaning system while carried out with exhaust gases out of a chamber. Fuel oxygen burners are installed in side walls of the chamber above the level of the slag melt at 0.5-1.2 m at an angle of 15-60° to the surface of the melt and at an angle of 35-65° to the lengthwise axis of the assembly, while nozzles of the injectors for blowing into the slag melt carbon containing materials and dust caught in gas cleaning and carried off with exhaust gases out the chamber are installed at 0.25-0.60 m above the level of reduced metal. Heat exchangers of cooling circuit of liquid metal heat carrier are connected via nitrogen lines with injectors installed in the walls of the chamber, the said injectors facilitate injection of carbon containing materials and caught in gas cleaning and carried off by the exhaust gases out of chamber dust in a stream of heated nitrogen. EFFECT: reducing nickel losses, arranging of environmentally appropriate non-waste production of ferronickel and increasing continuous operation life of the assembly and increasing its efficiency. 9 cl, 3 ex, 2 tbl, 3 dwg
The invention relates to metallurgy and can be used for the production of ferronickel with different Nickel content of the Ural and other oxidized Nickel ores. There are various methods of production of Nickel and its alloys (ferro-Nickel) from relatively poor (Nickel content) of oxidized Nickel ores. As the Nickel content in domestic oxidized ores is small (1-1,2%), and iron content were considerably higher (up to 25%), direct recovery of Nickel with carbon in a smelting, aggregates known method [1] is rarely used, because due to the parallel reduction of iron turns out poor content Nickel alloy - ferro-Nickel with a Nickel content of 3-5%, only partially applied in ferrous metallurgy. To improve technical and economic performance of the process and to increase the Nickel content in the alloy, used different methods of enrichment of oxidized Nickel ores, for example [2], converting a compound of Nickel and iron in a form that allows the magnetic separation of ore and to reduce its content of non-metallic waste material. But in this case we obtain the relation of the contents of Nickel and iron concentrates can be made by conventional methods direct restoration of rasprave the aqueous concentrate alloy with high Nickel content. Therefore it is necessary to produce ferronickel with a high content of Nickel and pure Nickel traditional multistage scheme, providing the first sulfatirovnie melt and produce Nickel matte in the rehabilitation unit, then getting Feinstein Converter by oxidation of all the iron and the sulphur from Nickel matte, then getting Nickel oxide by oxidizing roasting matte and then getting rich ferro-Nickel or pure Nickel electric arc furnace [1, 3]. This process is performed periodically, and the multistage process leads to a significant cumulative losses of Nickel and relatively low total recovery of Nickel from raw materials. Hence the desire of metallurgists get ferronickel with high Nickel content of the one-stage process, carrying out such production is continuous. The known method [4] processing of raw materials containing non-ferrous metals and iron, including the filing in the oxidation zone two zonal furnace slag melt mixture consisting of raw materials, fluxes, liquid or solid recycled slag, carbon-containing material and oxygen-containing blast, melting the mixture with the formation of slag flowing into recovery area, which serves a carbonaceous material, oxygen-containing d is Thiey and additional fluxes, the product melting (see patent RU 2194781 C2)chosen by the applicant as the closest analogue of ferronickel smelting of oxidized Nickel ores and products of their enrichment. In the known method in the processing of oxidized raw material in the oxidation zone of the furnace are carbon-containing material and oxygen in the oxygen-blowing in the quantities necessary for complete combustion of carbon with a maximum heat and formation of liquid slag, and in the reducing zone of carbonaceous material, oxygen-containing blast and raw materials (obviously, I mean molten slag from the oxidizing zone - note our) and additional fluxes served in the quantities necessary for the recovery of oxides of recoverable metals in the metallic phase and thermal compensation costs. In this respect, specific consumption of carbon-containing material per ton of recoverable metal in the oxidizing and reducing zones maintained within the range of 0.3 to 2.5, and the ratio of specific consumption of oxygen in these areas in the range from 0.7 to 3.0. In addition, the ratio of the quantities of oxygen (volume of oxygen - note our)supplied to the melt and the gas phase above the melt in the reducing zone maintained within the range of 0.1-0.5. A method of refining raw materials containing non-ferrous metals and jelly is about, has the following disadvantages: - no guarantees to obtain an alloy with a high Nickel content and low iron content, the most popular metallurgists; - does not guarantee the complete removal of goldcrests recovered metal, as intense and unregulated bubbling oxygen-containing gas does not contribute (prevents) a good deposition Korolkov metal from slag in the reducing zone of the furnace; - difficult to regulate the carbon content in the resulting metal; - impossible long-term continuous operation of the unit in connection with the need for frequent repair of the refractory lining and partitions separating the oxidizing and reducing zones; is not provided by the recycling of dust emitted from the unit, and the final slag process, which does not allow to organize environmentally friendly waste-free production of metal. The proposed method ferronickel smelting of oxidized Nickel ores and products of their enrichment and Assembly for its implementation to solve the problem of the continuous waste-free production of ferro-Nickel high Nickel content of oxidized Nickel ores and products of their enrichment. The technical result of the proposed method ferronickel smelting of oxidized Nickel ores and products of their obogs the tion is to eliminate the disadvantages of the nearest analogue, namely: - continuous over a long period of time, the ferro-Nickel high Nickel content and low carbon content; a more complete extraction of goldcrests recovered metal from the slag and the reduction of losses Nickel; - utilization of dust emitted from the unit, and the final slag process, with the goal of environmentally friendly waste-free production of ferronickel. Known Vanyukov furnace for continuous melting of materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous metals [5], selected by the applicant as the closest analogue unit for implementing the method of smelting of ferro-Nickel from laterite Nickel ores and products of their enrichment. In the known furnace, comprising a caisson shaft, divided by transverse partitions into the camera oxidative melting and camera recovery of oxides of the slag with lances, stage furnace hearth, the siphon with holes for the release of the slag and metal phases, the caisson shaft is made with a rectangular bottom and extending in the upper part (apparently, also rectangular, but a larger cross-section - note our), a lower edge of the partitions located on the side of the camera oxidative melting installed on 5-15 diameters lance camera oxidative melting point below the axis of these tuyeres, and the upper edge of this perehara the key is located above the axis of the tuyere camera recovery oxide slag 2.5-4.5 distances from the axis of the tuyere camera recovery of oxides of the slag to the threshold of the outlet openings of the slag. The charge flux additives and solid fuel load on the surface Bartiromo blown slag melt in the camera oxidative melting. The splashing of the melt and the oxidation of the carbonaceous fuel is carried out by supplying the oxygen-containing melt blown through tuyeres in the side walls of the furnace in an amount necessary for complete combustion of combustible components with maximum heat. Due to the intensive mixing and heat of combustion of the solid fuel charge quickly melts and forms a homogeneous slag (which, in principle, impossible), which as it accumulates at the bottom edge of the partition through the internal siphon flows in the upper part of the chamber recovery (judging from the drawing to the patent and the description of the invention, the slag flows not at the top and at the bottom or in the best case, the middle part of the camera recovery). In camera recovery of oxides of the slag in the upper part Bartiromo melt is injected solid carbonaceous materials such as coal and, if necessary, additional fluxing additives, including sulfidization. Coal is injected in an amount necessary for reducing oxides of recoverable materials and compensation of heat losses. The splashing of the melt to accelerate heat and mass transfer and oxidation of the fuel to the required content of carbon monoxide) and hydrogen (it is unclear where does the hydrogen by decomposition of volatile components of the coal or the decomposition of water?) support by supplying oxygen-containing blast through the bottom row of tuyeres. In the reduction reactions and, if necessary, sulfatirovnie in the chamber restore is formed of metal or sulfide phase, droplets which fall to the bottom (?) camera recovery, and (as you can release droplets?) release from the furnace through a special channel or cord. Slag, depleted for non-ferrous and iron, are produced through a window in the siphon. Gases camera recovery containing CO and H2to save fuel and reduce their toxicity dorogaya, feeding oxygen-containing blast through the top row of tuyeres. Known Vanyukov furnace for continuous melting of materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous metals, has the following disadvantages: because coal is used as fuel and as a reducing agent, the oven does not guarantee receipt of an alloy with a high content of non - ferrous metals-Nickel and low iron content, in the oxidation chamber is possible uncontrolled reduction of iron from the slag melt, and in the recovery chamber is very difficult, almost impossible to perform selective recovery of non - ferrous metals-Nickel; - does not guarantee the possibility of the full deposition Korolkov metal or matte, as intense bubbling slag melt oxygen-containing gas blown from low located lance, prevents the flow of the deposition process Korolkov metal, which reduces the completeness of extraction of Nickel from the charge materials; in connection with the use of coal loaded in Barberey melt, as fuel and reductant difficult to regulate the carbon content of the metal phase and the receipt of ferronickel with specified low carbon content; because the partition separating the oxidizing and reducing camera, are constantly in contact with aggressive oxidized low slag basicity, they degrade quickly and require frequent repairs, which reduces the productivity of the furnace; - does not provide ways and there is no possibility of recycling of dust emitted from the unit and entrained in the gas cleaning facilities. The proposed solution solves the problem of improving the design of the unit for continuous smelting of ferro-Nickel from laterite Nickel ores and products of their processing, increase productivity and improve technical and economic performance of the process. The technical result of the proposed unit for implementing the method of smelting of ferro-Nickel from oxide is different Nickel ores and products of their enrichment is to eliminate the disadvantages of the nearest analogue, namely: - increased period of continuous operation and performance of the unit; - increase the degree of extraction of Nickel from the processed mixture; - improving the quality of ferronickel; - providing opportunities alloy with high Nickel content and low iron content; - provision of recycling and dust trapped in the system, and reduction of environmental pollution. The technical result is achieved by the following solutions, United by a common inventive concept. The technical result is ensured by the fact that in the smelting of ferro-Nickel from laterite Nickel ores and products of their processing, including the loading of the charge materials in the melting chamber, heating and melting through toplevelitem burners, recovery of the carbonaceous reducing agent injected through the injectors into the slag melt, the issue received ferronickel and slag, according to the first invention, the melting of the charge materials and the recovery of Nickel, iron, cobalt is produced continuously in the melting chamber, cooled liquid metal coolant in the side walls which are located above the level of the slag melt 0.25-1.2 m, at an angle 15-60° the melt surface and at an angle 35-65° to the longitudinal axis of the unit is olivecolored burner, and the injectors are located on 0.25-0.60 m above the level of molten metal, carbon reducing agent is blown into the amount needed for full recovery of Nickel and cobalt, and 1-15% of the iron contained in the charge. In addition, the charge before it is loaded into the melting chamber is heated and partially restore the exhaust from the chamber with process gas. In addition, caught in the gas cleaning devices dust is blown into the injectors in the slag melt in the melting chamber, and recover from dust Nickel and cobalt. In addition, fusion of the melting chamber slag after exposure 5-15 minutes and settling (sedimentation) Korolkov metal used for the manufacture of shaped slag casting. In addition, to reduce the carbon content of ferronickel and the best extraction Korolkov alloy from the slag alloy is poured from the melting chamber into the bucket, pre-filled with waste slag is drained from the melting chamber. The technical result is ensured that the unit for continuous smelting of ferro-Nickel from laterite Nickel ores and products of their processing, containing refrigerated liquid metal cooled shroud melting chamber, in the workspace which are recovered slag melt and the recovered metal, the circuit of the OHL the input voltage to the metal carrier, toplivorazdatochnye burner for melting the mixture, heating the melt and compensation cost of heat for the endothermic reduction reaction of metals, injectors for injection into the slag melt carbonaceous materials, according to the second invention, it has injectors for injection into the slag melt trapped in the gas purification dust, removed the exhaust gases from the chamber, toplivorazdatochnye burners are installed in the side walls of the chamber above the level of the slag melt 0.5-1.2 m, at an angle 15-60° to the melt surface and at an angle 35-65° to the longitudinal axis of the Assembly, and nozzle injectors for injection into the slag melt carbonaceous materials and caught in the gas cleaning dust are 0.25-0.60 m above the level of the reduced metal, the heat exchangers of the cooling loop liquid metal coolant are connected by isotopologues installed in the walls of the chamber injectors, providing injection into the slag melt carbonaceous materials, and caught in the gas cleaning dust in a stream of heated nitrogen, and bottom tuyeres, mixing the melt heated nitrogen. For melting the mixture, heating the melt and compensation cost of heat for the endothermic reduction reaction of metal melting chamber is supplied mounted in the side walls of the chamber above the level of the slag rspl the VA 0.5-1.2 m angle 15-60° to the melt surface and at an angle 35-60° to the longitudinal axis of the unit fuel-oxygen burners, for injection into the slag melt carbonaceous materials, and caught in the gas cleaning dust melting chamber provided with injectors, nozzles which are located on 0.25-0.60 m above the level of the reduced metal, the heat exchangers of the cooling loop liquid metal coolant are connected by isotopologues installed in the walls of the chamber injectors, which feeds into the slag melt carbonaceous materials, and trapped gas purifying dust in a stream of heated nitrogen and bottom tuyeres, mixing the melt blown heated nitrogen. In addition, the melting chamber is horizontal or at an angle of 5-20° to the horizon. In addition, the longitudinal axis of the chute for the production of metal and slag is displaced in a horizontal plane at an angle of 90 to 150°. The proposed fusion of the charge materials and the recovery of Nickel, cobalt and iron in the melting chamber, the housing (casing) which is cooled liquid metal coolant, allows to carry out the process continuously for a long time at high temperatures of the slag melt (1500-1650° (C)without building the refractory lining of the walls of the melting chamber, as intense heat cooled both the accounts for the formation of stable layer of crust on the walls of the chamber. Due to the high temperature of the slag melt processes are accelerated melting of the charge and recovery of metals, improve conditions for deposition of slag Korolkov restored alloy, creates the possibility of using the slit of the camera slag for the manufacture of shaped slag casting, which ultimately contributes to the improvement of technical and economic indicators of ferronickel. In addition, the heat abstracted cooled, can be used to heat the nitrogen used for mixing of the melt. The input of heat into the working space of the melting chamber operating with excess oxygen toplevelitem burners located in the side walls of the chamber above the level of the slag melt is 0.1-1.2 m, at an angle 15-60° to the melt surface, allows to separate the oxidizing and reducing zones in the melt without using a special partition to have a high degree of utilization of the heat of combustion of the fuel, to facilitate the flow of the regenerative processes in the melt and is easy to adjust the temperature of the melt, as well as workspace melting chamber above the melt. The pulverized carbonaceous reductant into the slag melt injectors 0.25-0.60 m above the level of molten metal in the quantity necessary for the complete vosstanovleniya and cobalt, and 1-15% of the iron contained in the charge, allows to simplify and accelerate the process of recovery of metals and get ferronickel with a high content of Nickel as Nickel and cobalt are recovered easier iron, and enter the amount of carbon is not enough to recover large amounts of iron. Optional mixing of the melt is heated to 350-400°With nitrogen, is blown into the bottom tuyeres, which allows you to accelerate the processes of melting the mixture, heating the melt, metal recovery and to facilitate the deposition of slag Korolkov recovered metal. This leads to the improvement of technical and economic indicators of production. Additionally prompted for preheating and partial recovery of the charge before loading it into the melting chamber of the exhaust from the chamber with process gas, which allows you to accelerate the processes of melting and recovery in the melting chamber, to reduce fuel consumption and improve thermal efficiency of the installation. Additionally offered injection is caught in the gas cleaning plants dust containing Nickel and cobalt, the injectors in the slag melt in the melting chamber, which allows to recover and bring the alloy additional amount of Nickel and cobalt, as well as get rid of the necessity to the disposal of toxic dust in the dumps, that gives the opportunity to improve the ecological situation in the area of the enterprise. Additionally, it is suggested to use the slit of the melting chamber slag after exposure 5-15 minutes and sedimentation Korolkov of ferronickel for the manufacture of shaped slag casting. This allows us to improve the total technical and economic indicators of the process and the environment in the area of enterprise, significantly reducing the export of slag dumps. Additionally it is proposed to drain the alloy (ferro-Nickel) of the melting chamber in the bucket, pre-filled with waste slag is drained from the melting chamber. This allows to reduce the carbon content of ferronickel by oxidation of carbon oxides of iron slag and extract additional part Korolkov metal from slag, which leads to improvement of the quality of ferronickel and improvement of technical and economic indicators of the process. Use to melt the mixture, heating the melt and compensation cost of heat for the endothermic reduction reaction of metals toplevelitem burners located above the level of the slag melt, allows in a single unit to create oxidation zone above the level of the slag melt, which will now be burned with excess oxygen fuel and partially digitise carbon monoxide WITH allocated is audica from the melt. The arrangement of the burners at an angle 15-60° to the melt surface and at an angle 35-65° to the longitudinal axis of the unit allows to improve the heat transfer in the melting chamber and to create the desired directional movement of the slag inside the chamber. The injection of carbonaceous material and entrapped in the gas purification dust in the slag melt injectors, nozzles which are located on 0.25-0.60 m above the level of the reduced metal, allows you to create in the volume of the slag melt recovery area, easy to adjust, changing the number of blown carbon, Nickel and iron in the composition without increasing the carbon content in the resulting ferronickel. Blowing dust into the slag melt can reduce environmental pollution and increase the extraction of Nickel from charge. Application for injection of carbonaceous materials and dust in the melt is heated in heat exchangers of the cooling circuit of nitrogen, allows to increase thermal efficiency of the unit, without increasing the oxidation potential of regenerative zone of the melt. The melt mixing is preheated in the heat exchangers of the cooling circuit with nitrogen blown through the bottom tuyeres, allows to improve the conditions of heat transfer in the melt and accelerate the reactions of the recovery of Nickel and cobalt. The location of the melting chamber horizontally or below the elevation is 5-20° to the horizon can significantly increase teplovosprinimajushchie the surface of the slag melt, reduce the height of the layer of slag melt, thereby greatly facilitate and accelerate the melting and heating of the melt. In addition, it facilitates the installation of charging systems charge and utilization of exhaust gas heat above the melting chamber and reduces the required height of the building in which is mounted unit, respectively, and decrease the capital cost of construction and installation of the unit. Offset longitudinal axes of the grooves for the production of metal and slag in the corner 90-130° in the horizontal plane allows, if necessary, to make the production of metal and slag simultaneously in two bottling bucket: for slag and ferro-Nickel from one end of the melting chamber, which facilitates and simplifies the layout of the production building, which houses the Assembly. The essence of the claimed method and device for its implementation are illustrated by the drawings. Figure 1 shows a General view of the unit for implementing the method of smelting of ferro-Nickel from laterite Nickel ores and products of their enrichment. Figure 2 shows a section a-a in figure 1. Figure 3 shows a section b-B figure 2. The ferronickel smelting of oxidized Nickel ores and products of their enrichment is carried out following the way. Download scrap materials in the melting chamber 1, they melt, the melt blended materials, the recovery of Nickel, cobalt and iron are produced continuously in the melting chamber 1, the housing (casing) which is cooled liquid metal coolant (not shown). For melting the mixture, heating the melt and compensation cost of heat for the endothermic reduction reaction of metals used toplivorazdatochnye 6 burner located in the side walls of the chamber above the level of the slag melt 2 0.25-1.2 m, at an angle 15-60° to the surface of the melt 2. The carbonaceous reducing agent is blown into the (serving) injectors 7 0.25-0.6 m above the maximum level of the molten metal 3 in the quantity necessary for full recovery of Nickel and cobalt, and 1-15% of the iron contained in the charge. For best deposition Korolkov recovered metal melt is stirred and heated to 300-400°With nitrogen, is blown into the bottom tuyeres 8. The charge before it is loaded into the melting chamber 1 is heated and partially restore the exhaust from the chamber with process gas. Caught in the gas cleaning devices 5 dust is blown into the injectors 7 in the slag melt 2 in the melting chamber 1, and recover from dust Nickel and cobalt. Flushed from the melting chamber 1 slag after exposure 5-15 minutes and sedimentation (EfE the project) Korolkov metal used for the manufacture of shaped slag casting. To reduce the carbon content of ferronickel and the best extraction Korolkov alloy from the slag alloy is poured from the melting chamber into the bucket 11, pre-filled with waste slag is drained from the melting chamber. Unit for implementing the method of smelting of ferro-Nickel from laterite Nickel ores and products of their enrichment contains the melting chamber 1 is cooled with liquid metal coolant jacket (not shown), in the working space 1 which are recovered slag melt 2 and the recovered metal 3, the contour 13 of the cooling metal of the carrier, the loading system of the charge materials 4, heat recovery and flue gases from the chamber 5, issue slag 9 and metal 10. For melting the mixture, heating the melt and compensation cost of heat for the endothermic reduction reaction of metal melting chamber 1 is supplied mounted in the side walls of the chamber above the level of the slag melt 2 0.5-1.2 m angle 15-60° to the melt surface 3 and at an angle 35-60° to the longitudinal axis of the unit 1 fuel-oxygen burners 6. For injection into the slag melt 2 carbonaceous materials, and caught in the gas purification 5 dust melting chamber 1 is equipped with injectors 7, the nozzles which are located on 0.25-0.60 m above the level of the reduced metal 3. The heat exchanger 13 to the contour of cooling 13 liquid metal coolant are connected by isotopologues 14 installed in the walls of the chamber by the injector 7, which feeds into the slag melt 2 carbonaceous materials, and trapped gas purifying dust in a stream of heated nitrogen and bottom tuyeres 8, mixing the melt blown heated nitrogen. Melting chamber 1 can be mounted horizontally or at an angle of 5-20° to the horizon. The longitudinal axis of the chute for the production of metal 10 and slag 9 can be displaced in a horizontal plane at an angle of 90 to 150°. As source material for experimental melting smelting of ferronickel according to the invention (examples 1-2 concrete implementation) the applicant used a waste of Nickel ore Baruchello field (see Annex 1). The following is the composition of the Nickel ore Baruchello deposits, which operates the plant "southern Ural Nickel plant", %: Ni - 1,15; Co - 0,088; SiO2- 39,6; Fe2O3- 31,7; CaO - 0,3; MgO - 13,1; Al2O3- 2,7; Cr2O3- 1,5; CuO - 0. Waste Nickel ores contain small amounts of cobalt - 0,088%. From GOST 849-97 "Chemical composition of Nickel (see Annex 2, table 2) it is known that the composition of the Nickel is considered together with cobalt. As separate determination of Nickel and cobalt in the metal and the slag is technically difficult and is difficult, in most cases, the analyses of these materials determine the total content is their Nickel and cobalt, calling it a Nickel. Therefore, in examples 1-2 concrete implementation shows the composition of the Nickel waste, Nickel ore containing Nickel and in accordance with GOST 849-97, also containing cobalt in the range from 0,088-0.7 percent. Examples of specific implementation, confirming the possibility of the introduction of the proposed technique. Example 1 Example 1 is based on experienced swimming trunks 1A, 1B, 1B. Parameters 1 experienced melting reflected in the table item 1A. 6-ton electric arc furnace melted Nickel-containing waste, in which the Nickel and iron was in the form of Nickel oxide. The waste composition was as follows, %: Nitotaland 4; Fetotal- 35; SiO2- 30; MgO - 5; CaO - 22. The resulting melt was restored by loading on its surface coal toxic fraction 5-20 mm Carbonaceous reducing agent was injected in an amount necessary to restore all of the Nickel and 15% of the iron contained in the melt when the coefficient of excess carbon to 1.3. Got ferronickel from Nickel content 42%, carbon of 0.2%, the rest is iron. The spent slag contained 27% of the oxides of iron, Nickel in the slag has not been detected. The melt mixing on the experimental melting occurred in the boiling bath allocation of bubbles. Experienced fusion 2. Options 2 experienced melting reflected in the table in paragraph 1 of the century M is a material predetermined composition, described in Example 1, melted 6-ton electric arc furnace. The resulting melt was restored by loading him portions of toxic in the amount necessary to restore all of the Nickel and 10% of the iron contained in the melt. Got ferronickel the following composition in %: Ni - 51,9; Fe - 46,8; - 0,18. The spent slag contained 29% of the oxides of iron, Nickel in the slag was not found. Experienced fusion 3. Options 3 experimental melting reflected in the table item 1B. 3 experienced melting in 6-ton furnace melted the same material. The resulting melt was restored by loading him portions of toxic in the amount necessary to restore all of the Nickel and 4% of the iron contained in the melt. Got ferronickel the following composition in %: Ni - 72; Fe - 26,5; C is 0.15. The results of experimental heats on PPA, 1B, 1C are shown in table 1. To restore all of the Nickel and 10% of the iron contained in the melt (16 kg/t of the melt)
Example 2 6-ton electric arc furnace by reduction with carbon wastes containing oxides of iron, Nickel and a small amount of cobalt was obtained ferronickel containing 41% of Ni, 0.4 percent, the rest is iron. After that, on the surface of the melt downloaded waste containing oxides of Nickel, iron, silicon, calcium, and melted them. The amount of the slag melt amounted to 40% by weight present in the furnace ferro-Nickel. Slowly tilting furnace, first merged in the bucket all the slag melt, then, quickly tilting furnace, poured into a ladle full ferronickel. After soaking in the bucket for 12 minutes ferronickel poured into ingots and the slag was poured into the slag bowl. The carbon content in the ferro-Nickel ingots amounted to 0.22%, while the Nickel content increased by 0.6% as a result of oxidation of carbon oxidized metal slag and recovery of Nickel from slag. Example 3 3-ton electric arc furnace melted waste slag mill "Ufaleynickel" of the following composition, %: SiO2- 39%; FeO+Fe O3- 28; Al2About3- 8,3; MgO - 9; CaO - 8. The molten slag is used for the manufacture of an experimental batch of seculity of Prospal for laying paths underground. Received palusalu tested by standard methods in the laboratory VNIIZHT (all-Russian research Institute of railway transport). The test results confirmed the compliance properties of seculity of Prospal technical requirements. Literature 1. Gudim NV, Shane AP Quick reference metallurgy of non-ferrous metals. - M.: metallurgy, 1975. 536 S. 2. Patent RU 2202637 "Method of processing of laterite Nickel-cobalt ores". Authors: M. Polyakov, IGOR Kurochkin, Samsonov A.S. Patentee: Altai state technical University. I.I.Polzunov. 3. Rzimmerman To Gunther. Metallurgy and metallography. The Handbook. M: Metallurgy. 1982. 478 C. 4. Patent RU 2194781 "Method of processing raw materials containing non-ferrous metals and iron. Authors: Bystrov VP, Salikhov SG, Karabasov US, Gorelov P.I., V.V. Pavlov, Saygin Z.K., Lumps A.A., Fedorov A.N. Patentee: Moscow state Institute of steel and alloys (technological University), scientific-ecological enterprise "Ekosi". 5. Patent RU 2242687 "Vanyukov Furnace for continuous melting of materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous metal is s". Authors: Bystrov, VP, Salikhov SG, Schetinin A.P., Naminami V.N., Lumps A.A., Fedorov, A.N., Bystrov SV, Salikhov MS, Wherein VG Patentee: LLC "Scientific-ecological enterprise "Ekosi".
1. The ferronickel smelting of oxidized Nickel ores and products of their processing, including the loading of the charge materials in the melting chamber, heating and melting through toplevelitem burners, recovery of the carbonaceous reducing agent injected through the injectors into the slag melt, the issue received ferronickel and slag, characterized in that the melting of the charge materials and the recovery of Nickel, cobalt and iron are produced continuously in the melting chamber with cooling liquid metal coolant in the side walls which are located above the level of the slag melt 0.5-1.2 m, at an angle 15-60° to the melt surface and at an angle 35-65° to the longitudinal axis of the unit toplivorazdatochnye burners and injectors are 0.25-0.60 m above the level of molten metal, carbon reducing agent is blown into the amount needed for full recovery of Nickel and cobalt and 1-15% of the iron contained in the charge. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the best deposition Korolkov recovered metal melt is stirred and heated to 350-400°With AZ is that blown bottom tuyeres. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture before it is loaded into the melting chamber is heated and partially restore the exhaust from the chamber with process gas. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the caught in the gas cleaning devices dust is blown into the injectors in the slag melt in the melting chamber, and recover from dust Nickel and cobalt. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the slit of the melting chamber slag after exposure 5-15 min and sedimentation Korolkov metal used for the manufacture of shaped slag casting. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for reducing the carbon content of ferronickel and the best extraction Korolkov alloy from the slag alloy is poured from the melting chamber into the bucket, pre-filled with waste slag is drained from the melting chamber. 7. The unit for continuous smelting of ferronickel from oxidized ores and products of their processing, containing refrigerated liquid metal cooled shroud melting chamber, in the workspace which are recovered slag melt and the recovered metal, the cooling circuit metal coolant, toplivorazdatochnye burner for melting the mixture, heating the melt and compensation cost of heat for the endothermic reaction reset the setting of metals, injectors for injection into the slag melt carbonaceous materials, the loading system of the charge materials, heat recovery and flue gas cleaning, production of metal and slag, characterized in that it is equipped with injectors for injection into the slag melt trapped in the gas purification dust, removed the exhaust gases from the chamber, toplivorazdatochnye burners are installed in the side walls of the chamber above the level of the slag melt 0.5-1.2 m, at an angle 15-60° to the melt surface and at an angle 35-65° to the longitudinal axis of the Assembly, and nozzle injectors for injection into the slag melt carbonaceous materials, and caught in the gas purification dust, removed the exhaust gases from the chamber are 0.25 - 0.60 m above the level of the reduced metal, the heat exchangers of the cooling loop liquid metal coolant are connected by isotopologues installed in the walls of the chamber injectors, providing injection into the slag melt carbonaceous materials, and caught in the gas purification dust, removed the exhaust gases from the chamber in a stream of heated nitrogen, and bottom tuyeres, mixing the melt heated nitrogen. 8. The Assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that the melting chamber is horizontal or at an angle of 5-20° to the horizon. 9. The Assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that the exhaust system metal is and slag contains gutters, the longitudinal axis of which is displaced in a horizontal plane at an angle of 90-130°.
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