Furnace for continuous melting of sulphide materials in molten pool

IPC classes for russian patent Furnace for continuous melting of sulphide materials in molten pool (RU 2347994):

F27B17 - Furnaces of a kind not covered by any of groups F27B0001000000-F27B0015000000; (structural combinations of furnaces F27B0019020000)

Another patents in same IPC classes:

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Method and device for processing raw lead material / 2283359

Magnesium refining furnace / 2283886

Furnace for processing oxidized ore materials containing nickel, cobalt, iron / 2315934

Gypsum drying and/or burning plant / 2316517

Method for producing small-size cast pieces of high-active metals and alloys and plant for performing the same / 2319578

Method and device for compaction of porous substrate by the gaseous phase chemical infiltration / 2319682

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to metallurgy, particularly to devices for continuous processing of sulphide ores and concentrates containing copper and/or nickel. The furnace consists of a caisson stack with tuyeres, of a facility for charge loading, of two transverse partitions not reaching a bottom thus forming overflow ports for melt; the said partitions divide the stack into a melting chamber, a reduction chamber and a chamber of settling; the furnace also consists of a device for tapping of molten products and of individual facilities for gas exhaust from the melting and reduction chambers. The partition dividing the melting and reduction chambers pressure tight separates gas space between the chambers. The upper edge of the overflow port into the settling chamber is located above the upper edge of the overflow port between the melting and reduction chambers, while the devices for tapping molten products from the furnace are arranged from the side of the settling chamber.

EFFECT: facilitating maximum utilisation of melting chamber heat which escapes during oxidising of sulphide materials and fuel burning in melt; also facilitating maximum transition of sulphur into gases of melting chamber and production of high-grade with non-ferrous metals matte, of depleted slag and gases of reduction chamber not requiring sulphur utilisation.

1 dwg, 3 ex

The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular to a device for the continuous processing of sulfide ores and concentrates containing copper and/or Nickel.

Currently, copper sulfide, copper-Nickel and Nickel concentrates and ore processed with obtaining matte mainly using three different types of furnaces:

1. In flash smelting furnaces (PVP) with a matte containing 45-73% of copper and Nickel in the amount and slag. This slag is not otvajnym, because it contains non-ferrous metals in high concentrations, which constitutes 1-3% of the amount of copper and Nickel. The slag is subjected to reductive depletion in special electric furnaces, where to download the reducing agent and sulfidization.

2. In one zone Vanyukov furnaces with obtaining matte and slag, which is sent to the dump when receiving a matte containing less than 47% of copper and Nickel in the amount of, or for depletion in obtaining matte, more rich in content of non-ferrous metals.

3. In ore-smelting electric furnaces that melt prebaked concentrate to produce the dump slag and matte, containing 45-47% of copper and Nickel in the amount.

A disadvantage of the known furnaces and methods of processing them sulfide materials is that they do not provide the rich mattes containing more than 47% of Nickel and copper, and the bed is s (dumped) on the content of non-ferrous metal slag in a single device. This leads to the fact that when the depletion of slag formed gases containing sulfur in the form of its oxide. And the content of sulfur dioxide in the gases does not exceed 1%, which is costly for the treatment of such gases. In addition, formed during the melting matte contain iron mainly in sulfide form. This results in converting a large volume of gases containing sulfur dioxide in low concentrations. Disposal of these gases also require very expensive.

Known furnace for continuous melting of materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous metals, including caisson shaft, separated by transverse walls not reaching the roof of the furnace, the camera oxidative melting and camera recovery of oxides of the slag, stage furnace hearth (RF patent No. 2242687 C1, CL F27 17/00 from 22.04.2003,). The main disadvantage of the furnace design is the complexity and low reliability design of a stepped hearth, and also the impossibility of using such a furnace for processing sulfide materials, because the partition separating the mine on the camera oxidative melting and camera recovery of oxides of the slag does not share the gas space of the furnace. Moreover, the region between the wall and roof of the furnace in contact gases leaving the camera is chislyennogo melting and camera recovery of oxides of the slag. This is accompanied by the formation of elemental sulfur, which leads to intensive corrosion of structural elements of the code, mine, partitions with out of the furnace out of operation.

The closest is a furnace for continuous melting of sulfide materials in a liquid bath containing a mine divided by melting and recovery chamber by a partition, mounted on the roof and not reaching the inclined stepped bottoms, in addition, the recovery chamber is equipped with a septum, the upper edge of which is located at the level of the threshold open drain slag and a lower edge of the partition is located at the level of the septum that separates the melting chamber from matte siphon (USSR author's certificate No. 1008600, CL F27 17/00 from 11.12. 1981).

The disadvantage of this design is its complicated structure and low operating reliability due to the presence of the stepped bottom and two transverse partitions in the recovery chamber of the furnace. In addition, the design provides for the production of matte from the furnace by melting chamber. While sulfide or sulfide-metal phase formed in the reducing chamber, flows through an inclined furnace hearth in the melting chamber, passing under the additional partition. Such a device of the furnace requires the use of sulfidization when restoring SHL is ka camera recovery because without it the application of the slag reduction is accompanied by the formation of refractory metallic phase forming nastily on the furnace hearth with out of the furnace out of operation. The use of sulfidization accompanied by a shift of sulfur in the gas phase of rehabilitation camera that requires the creation of a costly system of neutralization of such gases.

The objective of the invention is to develop the design of the furnace for the continuous processing of sulfide materials containing copper and/or Nickel.

The proposed new furnace design gives the following technical result.

In the melting chamber ensures maximum use of the heat released during the oxidation of sulfide materials and the combustion of the fuel in the melt, the maximum transfer of sulfur gases in the melting chamber, which results in melting rich in nonferrous metals matte and results in poor recovery of nonferrous metals, slag and gas recovery chamber that does not require the utilization of sulfur from them.

The above technical result of the invention is achieved in that in the known furnace for continuous melting of sulfide materials in a liquid bath containing caisson shaft with lances, the device for the production of liquid products of fusion, venting, loading charge, two transverse partitions, n is reaching the bottom with the formation of perechodnik Windows for melting and separating the furnace into a melting chamber, camera recovery and Luggage assert, according to the invention, the partition separating the mine to the melting chamber and recovery, hermetically separates the gas space between the chambers, and the upper edge peritoneo window in the camera sedimentation is located above the top edge peritoneo window between cameras melting and recovery of the melting chamber and the recovery is equipped with individual devices for removal of gases and devices for removal of melt from the furnace are located on the side of the camera assertion.

The drawing shows the proposed furnace, longitudinal section.

The furnace contains a caisson shaft 1 with lances 2; device for production of liquid products of fusion 3, 4, venting 5, 6, downloads, batch 7, 8; the transverse wall 9 separating the mine to the melting chamber 10 and the camera recovery 11, hermetically separating the gas space between the chambers; a transverse partition 12 separating chamber upholding 13; peritonei window for melt between cameras melting and recovery 14; peritonei window between cameras restore and defend 15.

The oven works as follows.

The mixture containing copper and/or Nickel, sulfur and other components, load continuous flow through the loading device 7 in the melting chamber 10 to the surface of the melt, Barbati what has been created oxygen-blown, fed into the melt through a lance 2. Through tuyeres and/or in the composition of the charge may be filed in the melting chamber of the carbon or hydrocarbon fuel. The amount of oxygen supplied to the melt through a lance, should be sufficient for the complete combustion and oxidation of the required number of sulfur mixture. Formed during melting, the molten matte and rich in content of non-ferrous metals slag containing sulfur through peritonei window 14 are received in the camera recovery 11, the volume of the bath is higher peritoneo box 14, but below peritoneo window 15, is filled with slag, restored to varying degrees. The density of the recovered slag in the camera recovery, less density unrestored slag coming from the melting chamber into the chamber of the recovery by an amount determined by the change in the composition of the slag during the recovery of the metal oxides contained in the original unrestored slag. The slag reduction in the cell recovery occurs due to the blowing of the melt-blown supplied through tuyeres 5 and consisting of oxygen-containing gas and the carbon or hydrocarbon reductant. The consumption of oxygen in the blast is less than the flow required for complete oxidation of the reducing agent. Through the loading device 8 to the surface Bartiromo in the area of recovery of the melt is loaded charge, consisting, as appropriate, of additional amounts of solid reductant, flux and other materials, not containing sulfides. In the recovery of slag oxides of copper, Nickel and other metals contained in the slag is recovered to a metallic state, and the process is accompanied by partial solifidianism metals sulfur dissolved in the slag. This forms a sulfide-metal suspended in the recovered slag, which coarsens due to intensive bubbling stirring of the melt products of incomplete oxidation of oxygen-containing reducing agent in the blast. Kropyvschyna particles of sulfide-metal suspension, the density of which is significantly above both the restored and unrestored slag, under the action of gravity down to the furnace hearth furnace and assimilate matte melt flowing from the melting chamber through the chamber restore to the exhaust device 4. The recovered slag, passing under the partition 12 through peritonei box 15, enters the chamber upholding 13, where it is further impoverishment due to settling over a thin sulfide-metal suspended outside the scope of bubble mixing. Then through the discharge device 3, from the surface of the melt chamber defend depleted slag discharged from the furnace. About the walking gases, containing sulfur in the form of oxides, are removed from the melting chamber through the device 5 and is sent for disposal. Gases recovery chamber is subjected to oxidation catalysers in the upper part of the gas space restorative camera by filing in this part of the chamber oxygen-containing gas. Then the gas is removed through the device 6.

The location of the top edge perechodnik Windows 14 and 15 at different levels provides on the one hand the impossibility of receiving more easily recovered slag from the camera recovery in the melting chamber, which is filled with heavy oxidized slag. On the other hand, this solution provides the impossibility of heavy rich in nonferrous metals unrestored slag on exit from the furnace through the exhaust device for slag 3, since the volume of the chamber sedimentation from the level of the upper edge peritoneo window 15 to a threshold level of the exhaust device 3 light filled the recovered slag. Thus the bottom part of the volume chambers restore and defend from a level above the top edge peritoneo box 14, but below the top edge peritoneo box 15, filled with more severe slag, which upon receipt of the camera melting involved in the bubble mixing the tuyeres 2. When this happens the slag reduction and the reduction of its density improvement and, and only after that the slag can get into the camera settling on leaving the furnace.

Examples of specific use of the device.

Example 1

In the furnace, the construction of which is shown in the drawing and having a baking area chamber melting 4.7 m²the area of the hearth camera recovery 4.7 m², was carried out by melting copper Nickel ore. In the oven the top edge peritoneo window 14 is located at a distance of 1100 mm above the bottom, and the upper edge peritoneo window 15 is located at the level of 1310 mm from the bottom.

Processed ore of the following composition: Cu 17-19%; Ni 2.8 to 3.4 per cent; With 0,078-0,080%; Fe 32-36%; S 25-28%; SiO₂8-9%, the rest other.

Through 4 tuyeres located in the melting chamber, was filed in the melt coloradosaturday mixture (FAC), containing from 70 to 90% of oxygen and a gaseous mixture of propane and butane (CBE) as fuel. The FAC was filed with a flow rate of from 4 to 5.5 thousand nm³/h, propane consumption ranged from 100 to 180 nm³/PM

Download ore was carried out continuously with a flow rate of 6-10 t/h in a mixture with silica flux, the flux consumption was 1-4 t/h, the cost of ore, oxygen in the FAC and CBE were selected so that the resulting melt was formed Stein containing 75-85% of copper and Nickel in the amount.

Recovery of by-produced slag produced in the cell recovery way of the blowing of the melt FAC and CBE, supplied through tuyeres recovery zone. The consumption of FAC containing 75-90% oxygen ranged from 1000 to 1500 nm³/h, the flow rate of the CBE from 250 to 350 nm³/H. in Addition, in the recovery chamber loaded lump coal with a flow rate of 100-400 kg/h

Formed Stein with dissolved product recovery of slag produced from the furnace through the hole. The slag produced from the furnace through a tap-hole. Exhaust gases from the melting chamber were sent to the gas cleaning and sulfuric acid production. Gases recovery zone was subjected to afterburning in the upper part of the gas chamber of the recovery and sent forth into the atmosphere.

The fusion were obtained the following products:

Stein, containing: Ni - 10-12%; Cu - 70-75%; [Cu+Ni]=80-85%;

Fe - 3-7; S - 13-16%.

Slag containing: Ni - 0,15-0,21%; Cu - 0,45-0,65%; Co - 0,035-0,050%.

Example 2

In the furnace of the same construction as in example 1, lowered the level of the upper edge peritoneo window 15 with 1310 mm from the bottom up to the level of the upper edge peritoneo box 14, that is, up to 1100 mm from the bottom. Technological mode of the heat kept the same as in example 1.

In the melt were obtained the following products:

Stein, containing: Ni 4-6%; Cu 45-50%; Fe 18-24%; S 22-24%.

Slag containing: Ni 0,25-0,30%; Cu 0,6-0,9%; 0,06-0,08%.

The melting process was characterized by the impossibility of obtaining matte races is to maintain the composition, the corresponding value of the cost of oxygen, PBS and ore fed to the melting chamber. Stein was obtained with a lower content of copper and Nickel in comparison with estimated. This circumstance, as well as the high content of copper and Nickel in the slag indicate that the oven is observed recycling of slag between the camera and restore the melting chamber. While the recovered slag was subjected to repeated oxidation in the melting chamber, which explains the inability to obtain the estimated composition of matte and restored depleted for non-ferrous slag on the furnace outlet.

Example 3

In the furnace of the same construction as in example 1 increased the level of the upper edge peritoneo window 15 with 1310 mm from the bottom up to the level of 1450 mm from the bottom. Technological mode of the heat kept the same as in example 1.

The fusion got the products, the composition of which corresponds to the composition in example 1. However, the furnace operation was complicated by the arrival of foamed melt into the camera assertion. When the melt has been uneven, tremors were noted breakthroughs gases under the wall 12 of the camera recovery camera assertion. This was complicated by the furnace operation and maintenance.

The peculiarities of the operation of the furnace under these conditions, due to the fact that the level of the upper border peritoneo OK what and 15 were in the field of gas-saturated melt, created working with lances.

Furnace for continuous melting of sulfide materials containing copper and/or Nickel, in a liquid bath containing caisson shaft with lances, the device for loading the charge, two transverse walls not reaching the bottom with the formation of perechodnik Windows for melting and separating the mine to the melting chamber, the chamber of recovery and the camera settling and device for production of liquid products of fusion, individual devices for removing gases from the melting chamber and camera recovery, characterized in that the partition separating chamber melting and recovery, hermetically separates the gas space between the chambers, the upper edge peritoneo window in the camera sedimentation is located above the top edge peritoneo window between cameras melting and recovery, and device for manufacture of liquid smelting products from the furnace are located on the side of the camera assertion.