Magnesium refining furnace

IPC classes for russian patent Magnesium refining furnace (RU 2283886):

F27B17 - Furnaces of a kind not covered by any of groups F27B0001000000-F27B0015000000; (structural combinations of furnaces F27B0019020000)

C22B9/10 - with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor (C22B0009180000 takes precedence);;

C22B26/22 - Obtaining magnesium

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Flux for melting magnesium alloys / 2283881

FIELD: non-ferrous metallurgy; units for refining magnesium produced by electrolysis of molten salts.

SUBSTANCE: proposed furnace has casing and lined shaft with hearth and electrodes which is closed by roof, branch pipes for loading molten salts and magnesium and discharging magnesium. Casing is conical over entire height with lesser base directed towards furnace hearth at ratio of lower base to upper part of furnace equal to 1: (1.75-1.85). Furnace is provided with detachable bearing plate whose area is equal to area of hearth; central shaft is tightly secured in furnace roof and is mounted on bearing plate; it is made from detachable side-beams; lower side-beam has openings opposite electrodes. Besides that, side-beams of central shaft are interconnected by tenon-and-mortise joints; branch pipes for loading and unloading magnesium are mounted on furnace roof at different sides, central shaft is tightly closed at the top by means of cover provided with branch pipe for loading salt. Side-beams of central shaft are made from cast-iron or steel casting; upper edge of opening of furnace central shaft is located above upper edge of electrode end face; ratio of height of opening of lower side-beam of central part of furnace to its total height is equal to 1: (2.5-3.0).

EFFECT: increased service life of furnace.

7 cl, 1 dwg, 1 ex

The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, in particular to a device for refining magnesium produced by the electrolysis of molten salts.

Known furnace for refining magnesium continuous action (kN. Refining and casting of primary magnesium. - Vyatkin I.P., Kachin VA, Moscow SV - M, metallurgy. 1974. - page 36-42), comprising a casing, a lining in the longitudinal walls which are installed electrodes. In the furnace bath is placed a bell, representing the chamber, divided by a partition into two parts: refining, made deaf from the bottom, and a mold that is open at the bottom. The lid of the bell welded two steel pipe, the cavity of which are connected with the respective chambers. The top oven is equipped with a vault with a hole for the pipe bells.

The shortcoming of the furnace is low, the service life of the violation of the furnace lining when removing sludge and low productivity of the furnace, since the sludge from the bottom of the furnace can be removed only by removing the bell, and this is due to the full stop of the furnace, cooling it to a temperature of 40-60°and removing manually jackhammers frozen sludge. Removal of sludge produced 1 time in 30-40 days. All this leads to a reduction of the service life of the furnace up to 12-15 months.

Known furnace continuous ring-type cleaning liquid magni the raw method of defending and refining flux (kN. Electrolytic production of magnesium. - Shchegolev V.I., Lebedev, O.A. - M.: Izd. house "Ore and metals". - 2002. - str-308), by the number of common features adopted for the nearest equivalent is the prototype and including a casing, a refractory lining with the furnace hearth, forming the working space of the furnace, inside of which is placed the Central salt mine, enshrined in the arch of the furnace, the bottom section which is installed below the level of molten magnesium. The furnace body is sheltered by a roof and is made round, and bottom beveled on a cone or has a cylindrical shape along the entire height. The working space of the furnace has at least two chambers and is heated by an alternating current supplied to steel water cooled electrodes, placed at the bottom of the furnace. On the arch, there are technological hatches - loading and unloading of magnesium, and a pipe for installation of sensors instrumentation. The furnace design provides automated sample of the sludge, the service life is 3 years. The productivity of the furnace up to 100 tons per day. Power consumption 90 to 100 kW·hour per ton of magnesium.

The disadvantage of this design of the furnace is that in the process of working quickly breaks down the Central shaft of the furnace and the electrodes. In addition, in the process of collecting sludge grapple, which falls on the furnace hearth furnace through the Central salt mine, is the ruin is the lining on the furnace hearth and side walls of the conical part. The destruction is due to the occurrence of variable thermal loads generated by changes in temperature at the junction of the cone to the cylinder.

The technical result is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prototype is to increase the service life of the furnace.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed furnace for refining magnesium, including casing and lined mine with the furnace hearth and the electrodes, a closed vault, through which the Central shaft, connections for loading molten salts and magnesium and a nozzle for discharging magnesium, what's new is that it has a removable base plate, which has an area equal to the area of the bottom, the casing over the entire height is made conical and faces a smaller base to the furnace hearth furnace with a ratio lower base to the upper part of the furnace is equal to 1:(1,75-1,85), and the Central shaft is fixed in the arch of the furnace hermetically mounted on the support plate and is made of removable bars at the bottom of the underframe is made openings are opposite the electrodes.

In addition, the side bars of the Central shaft are interconnected type-notch.

In addition, the pipes for loading and unloading of magnesium are placed on the roof of the furnace from different sides of the Central pit.

In addition, the Central shaft of the furnace top is sealed with a lid, which is recovered from the nozzle to download molten salts.

In addition, the side bars of the Central pit of the furnace is made of cast iron or cast steel.

In addition, the upper edge of the opening the bottom drawer sides of the Central shaft furnace is placed above the top edge of the end face of the electrode.

In addition, the ratio of the height of the opening the bottom drawer sides of the Central pit of the furnace to its total height is 1:(2,5-3,0).

The implementation of the furnace conical shape along the entire height eliminates bending in the lining in the transition of the cylindrical part in the tapered portion, and thereby eliminating the destruction of the lining and increases its service life.

A Central shaft of the furnace of iron or steel casting in the form of bars, connected by a type of tongue and groove, allows the replacement of the Central shaft furnace without stopping for major repairs, which will increase the service life of the furnace up to 5 years.

The implementation of the openings in the lower part of the Central pit of the furnace, opposite electrodes, enables you to evenly heat the molten magnesium and reduce overheating of the Central pit. That also allows you to increase the service life of the furnace.

The installation of a removable support on the furnace hearth furnace with a diameter equal to the diameter of the bottom, allows you to reduce the dynamic load gripper device on the furnace hearth. Which also increases the service life of the furnace.

Conducted by the applicant's analysis of the prior art, including a search of the patent and Auce-technical information sources and identify sources contains information about the equivalents of the claimed invention, has allowed to establish that the applicant had not found the source, which is characterized by signs, identical all the essential features of the invention. The definition from the list of identified unique prototype as the most similar set of features analogue has allowed to establish the essential towards perceived by the applicant to the technical result of the distinctive features in the claimed furnace for refining magnesium, set forth in the claims.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of "novelty"

To verify compliance of the claimed invention the term "inventive step", the applicant conducted an additional search of the known solutions to identify signs that match the distinctive features of the prototype of the characteristics of the claimed device. In the search result is not found for new sources, which are derived explicitly for the specialist, and the prior art, a particular applicant identified the influence provided the essential features of the claimed invention transformations to achieve a technical result, increased service life and performance of the furnace for refining magnesium. Therefore, the claimed invention for which no condition of "inventive step".

Furnace for the refining of magnesium is shown in the drawing.

The casing 1 of the furnace is made of conical shape and placed a smaller base to the furnace hearth furnace 2 at a ratio lower base of the furnace to the upper part of the furnace is equal to 1:(1,75-1,85). In the casing is placed refractory lining 3 with the electrodes 4, forming the shaft 5, a closed vault 6. The Central shaft 7 is hermetically fixed to the arch, made of separate removable cylindrical rings 8, interconnected by tongue and groove 9, and sealed closed by a cover 10 which includes a nozzle 11 for loading molten salt.

At the bottom of the underframe of the Central shaft made openings 12, placed opposite to each group of electrodes. The top edge 13 of the opening is made above the electrodes, and the ratio of the height of the opening the bottom drawer sides of the Central part of the furnace to its total height is 1:(2,5-3,0).

On the furnace hearth furnace installed removable plate 14, which has an area equal to the area of the bottom of the furnace. On the roof of the furnace from different sides of the Central mine posted the nozzles 15 and 16 for loading and unloading of magnesium.

An example of the operation of the device.

The shaft 5 kiln dried nichrome heaters to a temperature of 300-350°C. Then through the Central shaft 7 through the pipe 11 is poured in 20 tons of molten salt composition, wt.%: MgCl₂10, BaCl₂10, NaCl 30, KCl 50, which serves for preheating and refining of magnesium. N is the surface of the molten salt through the pipe 15 is poured from the vacuum ladle magnesium raw defend at a temperature of 700-730°C for 30 minutes. Of magnesium are precipitated solids in the form of oxides, chlorides, fluorides, iron, and other impurities. After settling magnesium through the pipe 16 is unloaded from the furnace to obtain sponge titanium. In the process of refining magnesium on the base plate 14 is accumulated sludge. As it accumulates it periodically extracted using a clamshell device through the Central shaft 7 and through the openings 12 can remove the sludge from the entire area of the removable plate 14 placed on the furnace hearth 2.

Thus, the proposed design of the furnace for refining magnesium will increase its service life is 1.5-2 times, i.e. the service life of the furnace for the refining of magnesium equal to 5-6 years.

1. Furnace for the refining of magnesium, comprising a casing, lined mine with the furnace hearth and the electrodes, a closed vault, through which the Central shaft, connections for loading molten salts and magnesium and a nozzle for discharging magnesium, characterized in that it is equipped with a removable base plate, which has an area equal to the area of the bottom, the casing over the entire height is made conical and faces a smaller base to the furnace hearth furnace with a ratio lower base to the upper part of the furnace is equal to 1:(1,75-1,85), and the Central shaft is fixed in the arch of the furnace hermetically mounted on the support plate and made from removable CA is g, in the bottom of the underframe is made openings are opposite the electrodes.

2. Furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the side bars of the Central shaft are interconnected type-notch.

3. Furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipes for loading and unloading of magnesium are placed on the roof of the furnace from different sides of the Central pit.

4. Furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the Central shaft of the furnace top is sealed with a lid with a chute for loading molten salts.

5. Furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the side bars of the Central shaft is made of cast iron or cast steel.

6. Furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper edge of the opening the bottom drawer sides of the Central shaft furnace is placed above the top edge of the end face of the electrode.

7. Furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the height of the opening the bottom drawer sides of the Central pit of the furnace to its total height is 1:(2,5-3,0).