Furnace with inner heaters |
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IPC classes for russian patent Furnace with inner heaters (RU 2246086):
      
 Vanyukov furnace for continuous melting of materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous metals / 2242687
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to a device for the continuous processing of laterite Nickel ore
 Furnace continuous refining of magnesium / 2228964
The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, in particular to a device for refining magnesium
 Method and device for the production of gallium from waste semiconductor gallium phosphide / 2226563
The invention relates to the technology of waste processing semiconductor of gallium phosphide to extract expensive and scarce gallium
 Furnace for refining magnesium / 2222623
The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular to the furnaces for refining magnesium
 Melting and casting device for producing small castings / 2211419
The invention relates to foundry and can be used for small castings of high-level radioactive metals and alloys, particularly dentures and jewelry
 Laboratory oven for optical research / 2202747
 The device for preparation and analysis of samples of liquid alloys / 2174207
The invention relates to metallurgy, and is intended for receipt and analysis of samples of liquid alloys in the laboratory of metallurgical processes on the surface of the alloy and may find application in research laboratories
 The method and apparatus of the infiltration of gas phase chemical substances and chemical vapor deposition (options), the product obtained in this way, the feeder of the first of a reagent gas into the furnace for infiltration and deposition from the gas phase and the friction disk / 2173354
The invention relates to high-temperature composite materials obtained by the infiltration of gas phase chemical substances and deposition of matrix binder material in the porous structure of the
 Furnace with inner heaters / 2246086
The melting cavity with heaters located in it, the heaters pass outside through the brickwork, where they are cooled for production of the conditions of melt crystallization inside the brickwork thus providing the furnace leak-proofness, the minimum thickness of the brickwork is determined by an empirical relation: dmin=a+b(Tf-Tmelt)/Tmeit+C[Theat/Tmelt-Theat)]2, where: dmin- the minimum wall thickness; Tf - the temperature of metal inside the furnace; Tmelt- the metal melting point; Theat- the temperature of the outside end faces of heaters; a, b, c - empirical coefficients equal to 10, 25 and 2,2 cm respectively.
 Method of purification of zinc from oxides of foreign metals and furnace for realization of this method / 2261925
Proposed method includes loading zinc into cages in sodium tetraborate melt containing 3-7 mass-% of boric acid anhydride at temperature of 750-800°C. Furnace used for purification of zinc is provided with pot for melt for avoidance of pouring of sodium tetraborate melt. Said pot is provided with branch pipe for pouring purified zinc melt into ingot molds. Proposed method may be performed in continuous mode. Production of zinc is increased not below 99.55%.
 Method for pyrometallurgical processing of non-ferrous ores and concentrates for producing of matte or metal and flow line for performing the same / 2267545
Method involves melting with the use of oxygen-containing blast gas; converting; depleting slag in gasifier; reducing gases from melting process and converting with hot gases from gasifier. Oxygen-containing blast gas used is exhaust gas of energetic gas turbine unit operating on natural gas or gas generating gas from coal gasification. Gas used for gas turbine unit is gas generating gas from bath coal gasification produced on slag depletion. Flow line has melting bubbling furnace, converter, gasifier for slag depletion, gas turbine unit with system of gas discharge channel connected through branches with tuyeres of melting furnace, converter and gasifier. Each of said branches is equipped with pressure regulator and flow regulator.
 Device for refining magnesium and preparation of magnesium alloys / 2273673
Device refining magnesium and preparation of magnesium alloys includes furnace made in form of shaft with casing lined with heat-insulating and refractory layers, heaters, crucible with flange, bearing ring and cover; refractory layer consists of several detachable cylindrical blocks in height of furnace shaft interconnected by means of tenon-slot joints and provided with projection on outer side and slot on inner side. Detachable block is solid in form and is assembled from half-rings which are interconnected by means of slot-to-slot joints and are secured by mortar. Block is made from high-strength chemically and thermally stable refractory material, for example concrete claydite or fluorine phlogopipe. Heat-insulating layer is made from basalt slabs. Ratio of refractory and heat-insulating layers is equal to 1:1.5. Zigzag heaters are secured on refractory block over entire height of furnace shaft.
 Method and device for processing raw lead material / 2283359
Proposed method includes treatment of entire volume of slag melt with oxygen-containing blast in zone of delivery of blast to melt at rate of 500-1500 nm3/h per m3 of slag; oxygen-containing blast is simultaneously delivered to slag melt at level above metallic lead surface of 5 to 20 calibers of lance and above slag melt of 30-80 calibers of lance assuming smooth surface of slag; metallic lead temperature is maintained within 700-1100°C and that of slag within 900-1300°C. For realization of this method, use is made of furnace whose crucible hearth located vertically in calibers of lance of lower row relative to horizontal plane of lances below by 10-30 calibers under furnace shaft and slag siphon channel hang-up by 2-10 calibers, pouring port lip is located above by 10-20 calibers and by 30-100 calibers of upper row lances; lead siphon hang-up is located below hearth level by 2-5 calibers.
 Magnesium refining furnace / 2283886
Proposed furnace has casing and lined shaft with hearth and electrodes which is closed by roof, branch pipes for loading molten salts and magnesium and discharging magnesium. Casing is conical over entire height with lesser base directed towards furnace hearth at ratio of lower base to upper part of furnace equal to 1: (1.75-1.85). Furnace is provided with detachable bearing plate whose area is equal to area of hearth; central shaft is tightly secured in furnace roof and is mounted on bearing plate; it is made from detachable side-beams; lower side-beam has openings opposite electrodes. Besides that, side-beams of central shaft are interconnected by tenon-and-mortise joints; branch pipes for loading and unloading magnesium are mounted on furnace roof at different sides, central shaft is tightly closed at the top by means of cover provided with branch pipe for loading salt. Side-beams of central shaft are made from cast-iron or steel casting; upper edge of opening of furnace central shaft is located above upper edge of electrode end face; ratio of height of opening of lower side-beam of central part of furnace to its total height is equal to 1: (2.5-3.0).
 Furnace for processing oxidized ore materials containing nickel, cobalt, iron / 2315934
Furnace includes caisson shaft divided by means of vertical cross partition by melting and reducing chambers provided with tuyeres; united stepped along chambers hearth; siphon with over-flow duct and with openings for discharging slag and metal-containing melt. Vertical cross partition dividing chambers is mounted fluid-tightly in hearth of melting chamber and it has height equal to 35 - 55 diameters of tuyeres of melting chamber over plane of their arranging. Hearth of reducing chamber is inclined by angle 25 - 60° to horizon from vertical cross partition towards over-flow duct.
 Gypsum drying and/or burning plant / 2316517
Method involves supplying hot gases to inlet of the first channel; delivering gypsum to inlet of the second channel, which is concentric to the first one; moving gypsum in the second channel by supply screw; providing indirect heat-exchange between gypsum and hot gases; burning gypsum to obtain semihydrate gypsum. Gypsum movement and indirect heat-exchange stages include drying and partial burning gypsum to create semihydrate gypsum. Gypsum burning at the last stage is terminated in bringing gypsum into contact with hot gases. The last burning operation is of pulsed type. Gypsum movement and heat-exchanging stages continue for 30 sec-5 min. Gypsum burning by hot gases is carried out for 1-10 sec. Device for described method realization and ready product are also disclosed.
 Method for producing small-size cast pieces of high-active metals and alloys and plant for performing the same / 2319578
Apparatus includes melting and pouring chamber where non-consumable electrode and crucible of graphite are arranged. Inner surface of crucible is covered with refractory tungsten non-interacting with melt. Apparatus for tilting crucible includes carcass having two mutually parallel vertical grooves. In mutually opposite grooves rollers are arranged with possibility of limited motion. Said rollers are secured to ends of levers through hinges joined with crucible. Carcass includes movable support for crucible secured to wall of carcass. Said support may be moved in horizontal plane. In order to set designed gap, crucible and apparatus for tilting it are moved upwards till contact of billet with end of electrode; then movable support of crucible is introduced and crucible is moved downwards till support. After melting billet said support is withdrawn. Crucible falls down and tilts along path providing motion of point of crucible inner surface at side of draining mostly spaced from axis of crucible in tilting plane along vertical line.
 Method and device for compaction of porous substrate by the gaseous phase chemical infiltration / 2319682
Invention is pertaining to the field of compaction of porous substrates by- the gaseous phase chemical infiltration. Exercise loading of substrates exposed to compaction- into the furnace loading area; heat up substrates in the furnace up to their temperature, at which the required substance of the mold will be formed from the gaseous source or sources contained in the gas-reactant. Then- on the one hand of the furnace inject gas-reagent and heat it up after injection- during its transit in the furnace through the gas heating area located- in the direction of the gas-reagent travel through the furnace in front of the loading area. Gas-reactant is exposed to preheating before its injection in the furnace for reaching prior its injection in the furnace of the temperature intermediate -between the environment temperature and the substrates preheating temperature. Installation includes the furnace, the area of substrates loading in the furnace, the means of heating of substrates in the loading area, at least, one hole for the gas-reagent injection in the furnace and, at least, one heating area of the gas-reagent disposed in the furnace between the hole of the gas-reagent injection and the loading area. Installation also contains, at least, one gas preheating device disposed out of the furnace and connected, at least, with one hole used for injection of the gas-reagentin the furnace and ensuring- preliminary heating up of the gas-reagent before its injection in the furnace. The presented method and the device allow to reduce significantly the temperature gradient in the whole area of loading without usage of the large the volume of the gas-reagent heating area.
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FIELD: melting or distributing furnaces associated with remelting of metals. SUBSTANCE: the melting cavity with heaters located in it, the heaters pass outside through the brickwork, where they are cooled for production of the conditions of melt crystallization inside the brickwork thus providing the furnace leak-proofness, the minimum thickness of the brickwork is determined by an empirical relation: dmin=a+b(Tf-Tmelt)/Tmeit+C[Theat/Tmelt-Theat)]2, where: dmin- the minimum wall thickness; Tf - the temperature of metal inside the furnace; Tmelt- the metal melting point; Theat- the temperature of the outside end faces of heaters; a, b, c - empirical coefficients equal to 10, 25 and 2,2 cm respectively. EFFECT: enhanced capacity of the furnace. 1 dwg
The present invention relates to a melting or handout furnaces and can be applied in various industries associated with remelting of metals. Structurally, the oven can be operated by electricity or gas or liquid fuel (gas, oil etc). Known furnace [1] with internal heater intended for remelting metals. The disadvantage of this furnace is that the accumulation of metal in the furnace change its electrical characteristics, therefore, the furnace requires constant removal of excess remelted metal. Also known furnace [2] (prototype) with internal heaters designed for heating and pumping the molten aluminum. The disadvantage of this furnace is the need for liquid metal to run into work and technical difficulties sealing heaters, fully located in the melt. Oven (drawing) consists of a metal frame (1)brick (2), forming a melting cavity (3), through the rear wall of masonry, inside the furnace are heaters (4), their front ends secured to the front wall. The annular cavity between the brick and the heater is filled lining (5), which from the outside is pressed by a ring (6). To the outer ends of the heater electric power supply is connected, or if the aim of the heating burner. The external ends of the heaters have a water or air cooling. The top oven is closed by a cover (7)and the front can be tapped (8). If necessary, the furnace may have hinges and tilted to discharge the metal. The oven works as follows: in the melting cavity of the furnace is loaded remelted metal, water for cooling the outer ends of the heaters, switches on the power supply or heating lit burner. The heater heats up and transfers the heat melts the metal. After the metal is melted and reach the desired temperature of the molten metal is poured from the furnace. In the process of heating between the brick lining and heaters inevitably cracks due to the difference of coefficients of thermal expansion, through which the flow of molten metal. To prevent metal flow is necessary to create conditions for its solidification in these cracks, which may be achieved by cooling the outer ends of the heaters. In addition to the differential temperature for the solidification of the metal, it also requires a sufficient thickness of the rear wall so that the metal had cooled below the melting temperature. Wall thickness, as shown by experiments, depends on the temperature of the metal, the melting temperature of the metal, the temperature is URS outer edges of the heaters, practically does not depend on the level of metal in the furnace and its thermal conductivity. Minimum wall thickness, in which the metal flows from the furnace, is expressed by the following empirical formula:
where dmin- minimum wall thickness; Tp- the temperature of the metal within the furnace; TPL- melting point metal; Tn- the temperature of the outer edges of the heaters; a, b, C - empirical coefficients equal to 10, 25 and 2.2 cm, respectively. The most complete specifications have been received on the stove, built for the remelting of aluminum scrap. Oven with a square cross-section 1390×1390 and 1100 mm with a wall thickness of 345 mm and a melting cavity 700×700×600 mm is composed of fireclay brick with two graphite heaters with a diameter of 150 mm from the Front furnace is tapped, the top closes insulating cover. As the power supply step-down transformer is used ASU - 100 with an operating voltage of 24 V, 100 kVA and thyristor power control. The weight of the loaded metal (aluminum) 500 kg The productivity of the furnace in continuous operation amounted to 140 to 150 tons per month power consumption 70-80 kW. Efficiency is 80-85%. Advantages of the claimed design the following: - low cost of building and gave the further operation; - no expensive components (crucibles, nichrome, etc.); - high efficiency; - electrical safety. Sources of information 1. A.S. SU # 741029 from 18.06.80. F 27 17/00. 2. A.S. SU # 1116286 from 30.09.84. F 27 19/00. Melting furnace, including a brick building with an internal melting chamber in which is located a heater, wherein the heater pass through the brickwork outside, where it is cooled to create the conditions for crystallization of the melt inside the masonry, thereby ensuring the tightness of the furnace, the minimum thickness of masonry is determined by the empirical relation
where dmin- minimum wall thickness; Tp- the temperature of the metal within the furnace; TPL- melting point metal; Tn- the temperature of the outer edges of the heaters; a, b, and C are empirical coefficients equal to 10, 25 and 2.2 cm, respectively.
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