Method of purification of zinc from oxides of foreign metals and furnace for realization of this method |
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IPC classes for russian patent Method of purification of zinc from oxides of foreign metals and furnace for realization of this method (RU 2261925):
  
 Furnace with inner heaters / 2246086
The melting cavity with heaters located in it, the heaters pass outside through the brickwork, where they are cooled for production of the conditions of melt crystallization inside the brickwork thus providing the furnace leak-proofness, the minimum thickness of the brickwork is determined by an empirical relation: dmin=a+b(Tf-Tmelt)/Tmeit+C[Theat/Tmelt-Theat)]2, where: dmin- the minimum wall thickness; Tf - the temperature of metal inside the furnace; Tmelt- the metal melting point; Theat- the temperature of the outside end faces of heaters; a, b, c - empirical coefficients equal to 10, 25 and 2,2 cm respectively.
 Vanyukov furnace for continuous melting of materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous metals / 2242687
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to a device for the continuous processing of laterite Nickel ore
 Furnace continuous refining of magnesium / 2228964
The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, in particular to a device for refining magnesium
 Method and device for the production of gallium from waste semiconductor gallium phosphide / 2226563
The invention relates to the technology of waste processing semiconductor of gallium phosphide to extract expensive and scarce gallium
 Furnace for refining magnesium / 2222623
The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular to the furnaces for refining magnesium
 Melting and casting device for producing small castings / 2211419
The invention relates to foundry and can be used for small castings of high-level radioactive metals and alloys, particularly dentures and jewelry
 Laboratory oven for optical research / 2202747
 The device for preparation and analysis of samples of liquid alloys / 2174207
The invention relates to metallurgy, and is intended for receipt and analysis of samples of liquid alloys in the laboratory of metallurgical processes on the surface of the alloy and may find application in research laboratories
 Method of complex reworking of decontaminated platinum-rhenium catalysts / 2261284
Proposed method includes high-temperature oxidizing roasting at temperature of 1200-1300°C, wet trapping of rhenium by alkaline solution, leaching-out of cinder in hydrochloric acid solution at concentration of 100-150 g/dm3 in presence of oxidizing agent for setting the oxidizing-reducing potential of platinum electrode in pulp relative to saturated silver-chloride electrode equal to 850-1000 mV. Used as oxidizing agent is sodium hypochlorite or elementary chlorine or hydrogen peroxide.
Method of production of briquettes from dispersed materials / 2261283
Proposed method includes mixing the metal-containing dispersed materials with peat mass followed by molding. Before mixing, the peat mass is dried or moistened to moisture content of 5-20% and is ground to size 2-5 mm; then, it is treated with aqueous of sulfuring anhydride at mass ratio of sulfuric anhydride to peat of 30-60% for 5-30 min at continuous mixing.
Method of recovering nickel from waste / 2259409
Method is characterized by that waste with content of nickel from 10% and higher and content of aluminum from 30% and higher is melted, conducted through nozzle and dispersed in the form of molten droplets in a cooling reagent. Resulting powder is subjected to magnetic separation to separate into magnetic and nonmagnetic fractions, The former is oxidized by firing it and then oxidized magnetic fraction is mixed with slag-forming components and above-mentioned nonmagnetic fraction powder. Resulting mixture is treated to perform aluminothermal reduction of nickel.
Method of extraction of gold and silver from polymetallic raw material / 2258768
The invention is pertaining to the field of hydrometallurgy of noble metals, in particular, to the methods of extraction of gold and silver from various kinds of polymetallic raw materials, composition of which may include copper, nickel, stannum, lead, noncorrosive steel and other metals. The technical result ensures a selective extraction of gold and silver from the current-conducting materials ensuring the high speeds of dissolution of precious metals. The method provides for a treatment of a material placed in the anodic chamber of an electrolyzer and acting as an anode with an acid solution of thiourea (25-100 g/l, pH = 0.5-2.0), passing of a direct current flow and realization of an electrolysis at the temperature of 20-35°C in a controlled potential mode at potential of the anode = +0.380 ÷ +0.420V in respect to a normal hydrogen electrode. The speed of the gold dissolution reaches 0.43 mg/cm2 per a minute, silver - 0.37 mg/cm2 per a minute. The degree of extraction of gold makes 99.9 %, silver - 99.6 %.
Charge for depletion of nickel-cobalt converter slags / 2258754
In order to reduce losses of cobalt and nickel with refuse slags and to increase recovery of valuable components into matte, charge containing sulfidizing agent, marble crumb (6-10%), and coke (15-25%) further contains 2 to 20% of aluminum-containing slag obtained in secondary aluminum processing.
Magnesium production waste processing method / 2258753
Invention relates to processing of solid salts waste produced in production of magnesium via electrolysis of magnesium chloride stock, said processing leading to manufacture of commercial products, in particular mineral fertilizers. Process comprises crushing salt waste, leaching washed solid phase with concentrated potassium chloride solution, separating mother liquor from solid potassium chloride, and drying the latter. According to invention, mother liquor is treated with sodium carbonate solution to form suspension of magnesium hydrocarbonate, which suspension is then separated into solid magnesium hydrocarbonate and filtrate. Solid magnesium hydrocarbonate is additionally washed and calcined to give magnesium oxide, while filtrate is heated until sodium chloride-saturated solution is formed, which is allowed to crystallize producing sodium chloride. Solid potassium chloride is leached with water in the second step at temperature up to 25°C. Mother liquor, prior to be treated with sodium carbonate solution, is settled, after which clarified part thereof is passed to treatment stage and suspension is returned to leaching stage. Magnesium hydrocarbonate is washed with water, solid potassium chloride and sodium chloride are dried in fluidized-bed furnace.
 Method of a complex processing of a metallurgical scrap / 2258752
The invention is pertaining to the field of metallurgy, in particular, to the hydrochemical methods of a complex processing of a multicomponent, polymetallic scrap used in nonferrous metallurgy with extraction of valuable components and production of various commercial products. The technical result at reprocessing and neutralization of wastes of production of titanium tetrachloride consists in concentration of radioactive metals in the "head" of the process, transfer of the secondary wastes of production in an ecologically secure form suitable for a long-term entombment and-or storing, as well as in production of an additional commercial products - deficient and expensive black thermo- resistant inorganic pigments based on iron oxides, manganese and copper oxides. The method provides for a discharge of the spent melt of titanium chlorates into water; concentrating of a pulp by circulation; the pulp thickening; settling of metals oxyhydrates from the clarified solutions in succession in three stages: on the first stage - conduct a settling at pH = 3.-5.0 with separation of the formed settling of hydroxides of chrome, aluminum and scandium from the solution; on the second stage - conduct settling at presence of an oxidizing agent at pH = 2.5-3.5 within 20-50 hours with separation of the settling; on the third stage - conduct settling at pH = 9.5-11.0. The pulp at its circulation and concentration is added with sodium sulfite in amount of 5 - 15 g/dm3, then after circulation the pulp is treated with a solution of barium chloride in amount of 10-20 g/dm3 for cosettling of ions of thorium and radium, in the formed pulp of the first stage of settling introduce a high-molecular flocculant, and before settling process on the third stage of the process the solution is previously mixed with copper(II)-containing solution formed after lixiviation of a fusion cake of the process of cleanout of the industrial titanium tetrachloride from vanadium oxychloride by copper powder, then the produced settling of iron, manganese and copper oxyhydrates is filtered off, cleansed, dried and calcined at the temperature of 400-700°C.
 Method of reprocessing of cobbings of served out linings / 2258751
The invention is pertaining to the field of nonferrous metallurgy, in particular, to the methods of reprocessing technogenic raw materials of production of non-ferrous metals. Cobbings of the served out linings of the electrolysis baths of electrolytic refining of the nickel impregnated with an electrolyte are ground and then are leached by a diluted sulfuric acid at stirring of a pulp. At that the grinding of the material is conducted up to the size of aggregate - 0.075 mm, and lixiviation is conducted at the temperature of 60-70°C within 1-2 hours at concentration of sulfuric acid equal to 15-20 %. After lixiviation they settle copper from the solution using cementation-in-pulp by a nickeliferous dust with the following reprocessing of the cemented copper and a nickel-containing solution accordingly in copper and nickeliferous production providing an increased degree of extraction of non-ferrous metals from copper-containing raw material.
Method of recovering silver from waste / 2258091
Recovery of silver from waste, such as spent catalysts and ashes, us accomplished by charging waste into soda-borax melt taken in such proportions that weight of soda is by 2.0-3.5 times superior to that of oxide constituent of starting material and weight of borax constitutes 8-20% that of soda. Melting is effected at 1120-1350°C and melt is aged then for at least 15-20 min, after which products are separated and silver is recovered. Weight of charged waste (Pw) is found in dependence of content oxide constituent therein using formula (wt %): Pw = (11.5-16.7)MeO+(0.5-1.0)Na2B2O7+9SiO2 ( Me is Ca, Al, or 2Na).
 Method of production of briquettes / 2255993
Proposed method includes grinding, cleaning and molding the chips. Molding the central part of briquette in the amount of 0.15 to 0.5 and peripheral part in the amount of from 0.02 to 0.04 of its outer diameter is performed at deformation which is greater than deformation on remaining part of briquette by 5-15% of remaining volume of briquette. Compacting pressure is determined from the following relationship: P=0.83δy.p.lg(γrel/(1-γrel), where P is compacting pressure; δy.p. of material; γrel is coefficient of relative density of briquette 0.65 of density of material being molded.
 Method of purification of zinc from oxides of foreign metals and furnace for realization of this method / 2261925
Proposed method includes loading zinc into cages in sodium tetraborate melt containing 3-7 mass-% of boric acid anhydride at temperature of 750-800°C. Furnace used for purification of zinc is provided with pot for melt for avoidance of pouring of sodium tetraborate melt. Said pot is provided with branch pipe for pouring purified zinc melt into ingot molds. Proposed method may be performed in continuous mode. Production of zinc is increased not below 99.55%.
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FIELD: metallurgy; purification of wastes of hot-dip galvanizing of steel strips (zinc dross) from oxides of foreign metals for production of zinc which may be used for hot-dip galvanizing of steel strips, production of dry zinc white and different zinc-based alloys. SUBSTANCE: proposed method includes loading zinc into cages in sodium tetraborate melt containing 3-7 mass-% of boric acid anhydride at temperature of 750-800°C. Furnace used for purification of zinc is provided with pot for melt for avoidance of pouring of sodium tetraborate melt. Said pot is provided with branch pipe for pouring purified zinc melt into ingot molds. Proposed method may be performed in continuous mode. Production of zinc is increased not below 99.55%. EFFECT: avoidance of secondary zinc-containing waste and formation of skull on furnace crucible walls. 5 cl, 1 dwg, 2 tbl, 1 ex
The present invention relates to the metallurgical industry and can be used for treatment of hot-dip galvanizing steel strip (zinc dross) from impurity oxides of metals with obtaining zinc, which can be used for hot-dip galvanizing steel strip, the receipt of dry zinc oxide, obtaining various alloys based on zinc. A method of obtaining zinc from zinc dross, selected as a prototype, including the loading of zinc dross in the furnace, the melt at a temperature of 700-800°With, exposure at this temperature for 0.25 to 0.5 h, cooling the melt to a temperature of 460-500°S, shutter speed at this temperature for 0.5-0.7 hours and then discharge the molten zinc molds (RF Patent 2188244, 11.04.2001, BIPM No. 24, 27.08.2002, s.) The disadvantages of this method are: - low yield of purified zinc; - low productivity of the furnace; - formation of nastys on the walls of the crucible that is the reason time-consuming and periodic cleaning of the furnace from nastily; education a significant number (40%) secondary waste - hartsink having a high content of impurities (10%); - the high cost of purified zinc, which is a consequence of the significant energy cost due to frequent stops furnace cleaning from nustyle the low output of the pure zinc (up to 55%). Known furnace for smelting of zinc from zinc waste, selected as a prototype, containing crucibles with outlet openings equipped with closures, providing closure of the outlet and mounted on the base of the furnace limiters location of molds and guides the movement of the molds are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the row of heating furnaces, thus limiting location of the mold is connected with the mechanism for moving the platform (Patent RF 2189398, 16.08.1999, BIPM No. 26, 20.09.2002, s). The disadvantages of the known furnaces are: - complex instrumentation; - complexity in operations management in the process of purification of zinc from impurities. The tasks of the proposed method of purification of zinc from oxide impurity metals and furnace for implementing the method are the increased yield factor of the pure zinc, furnace productivity, elimination of education on the walls of the crucible furnace nastily, weight generated secondary waste in the process of refining zinc, simplifying the hardware design of the furnace and control operations in the process of purification of zinc from impurities, creating technologies for cleaning zinc from impurities and devices of the furnace, allowing the process of cleaning zinc in a continuous mode, reducing the cost of the pure zinc. The specified task is achieved by the fact that the melting of zinc is carried out in a melt of sodium tetraborate containing 3-7 wt.% anhydride of boric acid, at a temperature of 750-800°C. Loading of zinc in the molten sodium tetraborates carried out in a cage of metal bars, lined with metal grid with cell sizes 10×10 mm Oxides of impurity metals contained in the zinc, interact with sodium tetraborates anhydride and boric acid with the formation of metabolically impurity salts of metals which are sintered into a porous solid mass and which is removed from the molten sodium tetraborates together with crate after complete melting of zinc and draining it to the bottom of the crucible. The reaction of oxides of impurity metals with sodium tetraborates anhydride and boric acid flow schemes: MeO+Na2B4O7=Me(BO2)2+2NaBO2 Me2O3+Na2B4O7+2B2O3=2Me(BO2)3+2NaBO2 2NaBO2+B2O3=Na2B4O7, where MeO and Me2O3the impurity oxides of divalent or trivalent metals. For the implementation of the method of purification of zinc from oxide impurity metals using a vertical furnace installed in her crucible, which has a wall pocket for the education of the shutter from the molten zinc, preventing the Livu molten sodium tetraborates from the crucible and ensuring the continuity of the treatment process zinc oxides from impurity metals, and an outlet pipe for discharging the purified molten zinc molds built in pocket on the level of the height of the layer of molten zinc in the shutter. The layer height of the shutter from the molten zinc is determined by the value of the height of the layer of molten zinc at the bottom of the crucible and the height of the layer of molten sodium tetraborates in the crucible of the furnace in accordance with the formula: h1=(h2·P1+h3·P2):R1, where h1- the height of the layer of molten zinc in the bolt, m; h2- the height of the layer of molten zinc at the bottom of the crucible, m; h3- the height of the layer of molten sodium tetraborate in a crucible furnace, m; P1- the specific gravity of molten zinc, kg/m3; P2- the specific gravity of molten sodium tetraborates, kg/m3. The set of features of the proposed technical solution is the method of purification of zinc from oxide impurity metals and furnace for implementing the method is different from the prototype and should not be explicitly studied the prior art, therefore, the author believes that the method and furnace for implementing the method are new and involve an inventive step. The method of purification of zinc from oxide impurity metals and bake for implementing the method allows to increase the yield coefficient of the pure zinc, the productivity of the furnace, to eliminate the formation on the walls of the crucible furnace is of astyle, to reduce the formation of secondary waste treatment process zinc, to reduce the cost of the pure zinc, simplify instrumentation furnace and operations management in the process of purification of zinc from impurities, to create technology and device furnaces for continuous purification process of zinc from impurities. Oven cleaning zinc oxides from impurity metals is represented in the drawing. The furnace includes the following elements: - the casing of the furnace refractory and heat-insulating material (item 1.); - the crucible of refractory steel (2.); - an outlet pipe for discharging the purified molten zinc in the mold, which is a tube made of refractory steel (pos.4); - support lattice of refractory steel for installation on its metal stand with zinc (5.); - pocket for a bolt of molten zinc, which is a tube made of refractory steel (pos.6.); - the lid of the furnace from refractory steel, which is shifted at boot time in the oven stand with zinc (pos.7.); the molten zinc, constantly appearing on the bottom of the furnace (pos.8.) and in your pocket (3.); the molten sodium tetraborate containing 3-7 wt.% anhydride of boric acid (position 9.). The drawing shows the height of the layer of molten zinc in the crucible of the furnace, forming a gate (h1)set the height of the layer of molten zinc at the bottom of the crucible p the Chi (h 2and given the height of the layer of molten sodium tetraborate containing 3-7 wt.% anhydride of boric acid (h3). The set of features of the proposed technical solution is the method of purification of zinc from oxide impurity metals and ovens for the implementation of the method is different from the prototype and should not be explicitly studied the prior art, therefore, the author believes that the method and furnace for implementing the method are new and involve an inventive step. The method of purification of zinc from oxide impurity metals and bake for implementing the method allows to increase the yield coefficient of the pure zinc, the productivity of the furnace, to eliminate the formation on the walls of the crucible furnace nastily, reduce the formation of secondary waste treatment process zinc, to reduce the cost of the pure zinc, simplify instrumentation furnace and operations management in the process of purification of zinc from impurities, to create technology and device furnaces for continuous purification process of zinc from impurities. The method of purification of zinc from oxide impurity metals is as follows. For the implementation of the method of purification of zinc from oxide impurity metals used oven special construction shown in the drawing. The crucible (2) is a shell made of refractory materials is Oh steel and having a bottom in the lower part of the refractory steel, and in the upper part rotating the lid of heat-resistant steel (pos.7). In the bottom of the crucible furnace is mounted a pipe with a valve for emptying the crucible in case of repair of the furnace (not shown). In the crucible of the furnace wall mounted pocket, which is a tube made of refractory steel (pos.6). Between the pipe and the bottom of the crucible there is a gap of 20-40 mm In the pipe at a height of h1calculated for a given height of the layer of molten zinc at the bottom of the crucible (h2and the height of the layer of molten sodium tetraborates (h3), as well as the specific mass of molten zinc (P1and molten sodium tetraborates (P2) according to the formula h1=(h2P1+h3P2):P1, integrated nozzle of refractory steel (pos.4)necessary for the discharge of purified molten zinc molds. At a distance of 20-30 mm from the surface of molten zinc at the bottom of the crucible furnace, built-reference grid of refractory steel (5), required for the installation of crates loaded into the furnace zinc. To heat the furnace and maintain the desired temperature in the oven is used the defroster with automatic device (not shown). The furnace housing (item 1) made of refractory material coated with a metal casing. In standby mode the oven for cleaning zinc from oxide impurity is of yellow at the bottom of the crucible (2) is formed of a layer of molten zinc (pos.8), constantly having a predetermined height h2in the pocket (pos.6) is formed of a layer of molten zinc (3), constantly having height h1and above the molten zinc at the bottom of the crucible furnace, a layer of molten sodium tetraborates (position 9), constantly having a predetermined height h3. Originally furnace lead in working condition. To do this, in the crucible of the furnace (pos.2) download borax (Na2In4O7·10H2O) and boric acid in a mass ratio in terms of sodium tetraborates (Na2B4About7) and the anhydride of boric acid (2O3) 97:3-93:7. Loading a mixture of borax and boric acid to produce half the height of the crucible furnace. Then make a slow heat oven to 450°C. After the termination of expansion of borax temperature in the furnace crucible is gradually raised to 750-800°and melt the sodium tetraborates containing 3-7 wt.% anhydride of boric acid. In a melt of sodium tetraborates continue to download small portions of the mixture of borax and boric acid up until a drop pipe (pos.4) begins to flow the molten sodium tetraborate, which is collected in a special container. Then on the control grid (5) install the cage with such a mass of polluted zinc, so that it was immersed in a melt of sodium tetraborates. After the RA is melting and draining of zinc on the bottom of the crucible furnace crate is removed from the furnace, and loading of contaminated zinc in the crucible produced in another cage. After cooling the first stand of her clean the sintered mass metabonomics salts of impurity metals. Download operation contaminated zinc in the oven to repeat until a drop pipe from the pocket of the furnace begins to flow the molten zinc in the mold. From this point on in the crucible furnace loads in stands harvested water sodium tetraborates, then small portions continue to boot in the cage of a mixture of borax and boric acid up until the molten sodium tetraborates reaches a predetermined level along the height of the crucible, which is equal to the sum of the given altitude h2and h3(see). Then the furnace is continuous cleanup of contaminated zinc (dross) from oxides of impurity metals. Periodically in the crucible of the furnace download a certain mass of boric acid together with polluted zinc to repair the specified composition of the melt of sodium tetraborates (the content in the melt of sodium tetraborates 3-7 wt.% anhydride of boric acid). Data technological parameters are known (Patent RF 2188244, 11.04.2001, BIPM No. 24, 27.08.2002, s) and the proposed methods for removal of zinc from impurities shown in table 1. Example. The composition of the contaminated zinc, wt.%: zinc - 98.34 per; PR is MESI (the sum of the metals aluminum, iron and its oxides) - 1,66. The results of the technological process of the proposed method for the purification of zinc from oxide impurity metals when specified in the claims parameters and boundary parameters are presented in table 2. Thus, the use of the proposed method of purification of zinc from oxide impurity metals and furnace for implementing the method allows to perform tasks and get positive results technical solutions.
1. The method of purification of zinc from oxide impurity metals by melting zinc and solids separation of impurity oxides of metals from molten zinc, characterized in that the melting of zinc is carried out in a melt of sodium Teterboro acid containing 3-7 wt.% anhydride of boric acid, at a temperature of 750-800°C. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading of zinc in the molten sodium Teterboro acid is carried out in a cage of metal bars, lined with metal grid with cell sizes 10×10 mm 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxides of impurity metals contained in the zinc interacting with sodium Teterboro acid and anhydride of boric acid with the formation of matabaro acid salts of impurity metals which are sintered into a porous solid mass is removed from the melt of sodium Teterboro acid together with crate after complete melting of zinc and Oceania it on the bottom of the furnace. <> 4. Oven cleaning zinc oxides from impurity metals containing vertically mounted crucible, the nozzle for discharge into the mold of the pure molten zinc, characterized in that the crucible has a wall pocket, which is the gate of the melt of purified zinc, and an outlet pipe for discharging the purified molten zinc molds built in pocket on the level of the height of the layer of gate from the molten zinc in the pocket.5. Furnace according to claim 4 characterized in that the layer height of the shutter from the molten zinc is determined by the value of the height of the layer of molten zinc at the bottom of the crucible and the height of the molten sodium Teterboro acid in the crucible of the furnace in accordance with the formula: h1=(h2·P1+h3·P2):R1, where h1- the height of the layer of molten zinc in the bolt, m; h2- the height of the layer of molten zinc at the bottom of the crucible, m; h3- the height of the layer of molten sodium Teterboro acid in a crucible furnace, m; P1- the specific gravity of molten zinc, kg/m3; P2- the specific gravity of molten sodium Teterboro acid, kg/m3.
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