Composition for combating of honey bee parasitic acarines

FIELD: agriculture, veterinary.

SUBSTANCE: claimed composition contains (mass %): formic acid 50-89; menthol 1-10; stabilizer -.01-2; thickener 1-20; and balance: water up to 100%.

EFFECT: composition with high and long acaricide action.

3 cl

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular animal, and can be used in beekeeping to combat parasitic mites of honey bees. The invention can most effectively be used for the prevention and treatment of varroatosis and acarapis honey bees.

Closest to the claimed solution adopted for the prototype, is the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2222189 (patent Barinov AV). However, the known composition is not sufficiently effective, and because of the high concentration of formic acid leads to a large loss of bees and Queen bees, and has no long prolonged action.

The present invention is an expanding Arsenal of veterinary products by creating a composition for combating parasitic mites of honey bees with: high efficiency in its application; safety for bees (keeping the numbers of bees and Queen bees); stability of the composition and its prolonged action; environmental security (the residual amount of the applied composition does not fall in bee products). It is known that the efficacy of formic acid to combat parasitic mites of honey bees is not high enough: no more than 80% and in 3-4 years from mite resistance occurs to the specified acid (Coffins O. and others. B is Lesni and pests of honey bees. The Handbook. - M.: Agropromizdat. - 1987). Therefore, for efficiency and to prevent the occurrence of disease resistance in the claimed composition formic acid is used with menthol.

This problem is solved in part to combat parasitic mites of honey bees, including formic acid, characterized in that it further contains menthol, stabilizer and thickener in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

The task is achieved by the fact that, as the stabilizer composition contains Agidol-1, and as a thickener carbometalation (hereafter CMC) or a polymer of acrylamide.

Menthol - colourless crystals with a strong smell of peppermint and cooling taste. Menthol is the main component of peppermint oil, which is widely used in beekeeping for the treatment of acarosan bees.

Agidol-1 crystal (4-methyl-2,6-ditertbutyl 2,6-ditretbutilfenol BHT) is an effective stabilizer of a wide range of polymeric materials is anti what xalandom phenolic type and is used for inhibition of oxidative processes in various mixtures. In the claimed composition is used as a stabilizer, thickener, antioxidant formic acid, which slows the process of oxidation, which increases the extension of composition.

Carbometalation - a natural polymer, is widely used as water-absorbing material in industry and agriculture.

The acrylamide polymer is a dry powder product related to hazardous substances and are widely used for water absorption.

The proposed composition is prepared as follows:

1 way). The thickener is mixed with menthol and stabilizer (substances are loose powders), the resulting mixture is dosed in a given percentage of banks in polymer, which is filled with formic acid in a given volume, and cans tightly closed lids.

2 method). The thickener is mixed with menthol, and with a stabilizer, the mixture is dosed in a given percentage in kislotoproduccia packages from non-woven material, which is placed in plastic jars. After that in them is filled with formic acid in a given volume and banks hermetically sealed

Polymer cans composition is placed in the product-packaging boxes and swelling thickener is maintained at a temperature of +10°C to +30°C for 24 hours.</>

In the patent and scientific literature is not known technical solution of the task is similar to declare that allows to make a conclusion about the relevance of the proposed composition condition of patentability - novelty."

The use of formic acid with menthol in combination with a thickener and stabilizer in the specified amounts evenly to create in hives required therapeutic dose vapors of formic acid and menthol, are safe for bees and Queen bees, causing the death of mites, a parasite of bees and sealed brood, i.e. the claimed composition for combating parasitic mites of honey bees satisfies the condition of patentability - "inventive step".

The simplicity of the technology proposed composition, the availability of used components and providing technical result in the application conditions allow us to conclude that the composition meets the condition of patentability - "industrial applicability and feasibility".

Given the ratio of components in the proposed composition justified experimentally.

Information confirming the possibility of implementation and effectiveness (effect) of the present invention is illustrated in the following examples:

Example 1. Smeshivayut g CMC with 10 g of menthol and 2.0 g of Agidol-1, add 50 g of formic acid and water to 100%get the structure 1 when the following ratio, wt.%:

Example 2. Mix 10 g of CMC with 5 g of menthol and 0.1 g of Agidol-1 add 80 g of formic acid and water to 100%, get part 2 when the following ratio, wt.%:

Example 3. Mix 1 g of CMC with 1 g of menthol and 0.01 g of Agidol-1, added 89 g of formic acid and water to 100%, get the part 3 at the following ratios, wt.%:

Example 4. Mix 20 g of the polymer acrylamides 10 g of menthol and 2.0 g of Agidol-1, add 50 g of formic acid and water to 100%, get a part 4 with the following ratios, wt.%:

Example 5. Mix 10 g of the polymer acrilamide with 5 g of menthol and 0.1 g of Agidol-1 add 80 g of formic acid and water to 100%, get the part 5 at the following ratios, wt.%:

Example 6. Mix 1.0 g of polymer acrilamide with 1 g of menthol and 0.01 g of Agidol-1, added 89 g of formic acid and water to 100%, get the 6 when the following ratio, wt.%:

The test for acaricidal activity of compounds 1-6 (table 1 and 2) was carried out on disadvantaged by varroa and acarapis apiaries in the active period of life of the bees in accordance with the "guidelines for the study of drugs and ways of dealing with varroa bee", approved by the Department of veterinary medicine agricultural Sciences 27.04.81,

To conduct experiments were generated experimental and control group of bee colonies (n=10) bee the principle of steam-analogues and inventoried strength, korvalainete and degree of salasanasi. The experimental group of bee colonies was treated with the composition stated in two ways:

1 way). Polymer jars composition were opened and placed on the bottom of the hive, under the nest frames, based on 1 jar of composition (weight of the composition 30 g) per family of bees force 5-12 streets.

2 method). Used bags, non-woven fabric with the stated structure, which was placed on the top bars of the nesting part of the under lap at the rate of 1 package weighing 30 g per bee family force 5-12 streets.

Bee colonies were treated with varroa twice, and when carapidae three times with an interval of 7 days. There were formed two control groups (n=10). The first control group was treated with a known composition (patent RF №2222189). The second control group of bee colonies not all who were galas any treatments (control - net).

The criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed structure was the difference between the intensity of salasanasi bees and brood before and after treatment, % death of bees and Queen bees, the duration of evaporation of the composition in hives processing.

The data obtained during the experiments are presented in tables 1 and 2

These experiments test the effectiveness of the proposed structure when the varroa bee confirmed its high acaricidal activity, which ranged from 84 to 99%, depending on its composition. Significant difference between the two treatment methods were not identified. When medical treatment is known composition at the same time acaricide efficiency to 72.8%. Improving the effectiveness of medical treatments of the claimed composition on 11-26% in comparison with the prototype is explained by the synergistic action of formic acid and menthol, as well as more prolonged exposure to vapors of formic acid and menthol on the mites varroa (see table 3). The use of the claimed composition eliminates the death of bees and Queen bees. While the application of known composition, the death of bees was, on the average, 150 g (1500 PCs) bees and 4 bee families were killed Queen bee (40% for the group).

As can be seen from the data presented in table 2, the efficiency of the proposed structure when carapidae bees ranged from 86 to 98,0%. When therapeutic effect is vnesti composition prototype efficiency was 70,0%. Improving the effectiveness of medical treatments of the claimed composition on 16-28% in comparison with the prototype is explained by the synergistic action of formic acid with menthol and more prolonged exposure to vapors of formic acid and menthol on the mites acarapis woody (see table 3). The use of the claimed composition eliminates the death of bees and Queen bees. While the application of known composition bee mortality was, on the average, 200 grams (2000 PCs) bees and 5-x bee families were killed Queen bee (50% for the group).

For effective treatment of acarosan bees with formic acid necessary condition is prolonged exposure to acid vapors on the parasitic mites. To solve this problem in the composition of the claimed means we added the stabilizer composition, which allows to increase the duration of exposure is safe for bees and Queen bees concentration of vapors of formic acid and menthol on the causative agents of varroa and acarapis bees. When placed in hives pair of formic acid and menthol uniformly released from the claimed composition, create the desired therapeutic concentration of the volume of the hive in 2 times longer than in the known composition - patent RF №2222189. This increases the effectiveness of medical treatments. This is confirmed by the data presented in table 3

The data obtained during the experiments illustrate the efficiency of the proposed structure on the 11 to 28% in comparison with the prototype and completely eliminates the loss of bees and Queen bees during medical treatments. The tests prove that the use of formic acid in high concentrations (90% or more) leads to the death of bees, and that is especially unacceptable to the death of Queen bees and, as a consequence, in large economic losses in beekeeping.

Honey collected from bee colonies treated with the proposed composition is used without restrictions. The proposed structure is an effective drug to combat parasitic mites of honey bees that do not affect the quality of bee products. As the air formic acid decomposes into water and carbon dioxide and does not contaminate bee products, and menthol is a natural component made from peppermint) and is widely used in medicine.

1. Composition for combating parasitic mites of honey bees, including formic acid, characterized in that it further contains menthol, stabilizer and thickener in the following ratio, wt.%:

2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the quality of the ve stabilizer is used Agidol-1.

3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thickener is used carbometalation or acrylamide polymer.