Method for disinfection of rooms for storage of apiary equipment and beehives and composition for effectuating the same

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, apiculture.

SUBSTANCE: method involves treating storage rooms and beehives with sulfur dioxide, with disinfection procedure being conducted so as to provide sulfur dioxide concentration from 120 to 180 g/m³ within 24-40 hours and recirculation ventilation being provided in room under treatment process for 15-20 min each half an hour at flow rate of 1-3 m/s; providing second disinfection procedure with periodicity of 7-10 days after first disinfection procedure and third disinfection procedure 15-20 days after second disinfection procedure. Disinfection composition for treating rooms for storage of apiary equipment and beehives comprises sulfur, gypsum and cement used in 1:1 ratio, and additionally comprises charcoal, said components being used in the following ratio, wt%: sulfur 60-89; gypsum and cement 10-39; charcoal 1-3.

EFFECT: wider range and increased efficiency of disinfection means for apiary objects.

3 cl, 1 tbl

The present invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to methods of disinfection preferably premises storage of bee equipment and hives and composition for its implementation.

The invention can also be used for disinfection of vehicles for transportation of various agricultural products and plant materials with the purpose of killing harmful arthropods, for processing livestock, warehouses, industrial premises, poultry and animal farms, cellars and other objects of the wet - and some pest controllers, as well as during the storage of timber and lumber.

The pathogens of infectious diseases of bees over the years are stored on a variety of subjects, being a constant threat of perezarazhenie, factor epizootic trouble apiary or areas. Therefore, in the control of communicable diseases of any kind of treatment without disinfection does not give a positive result, no matter how carefully it was not done. In this regard, an increasing importance is the development of tools for disinfection winter quarters, Sotogrande, bee workshops, storage premises hives, their components and accessories, as well as themselves hives, drugs and methods of their use, creating an environment that is detrimental to pathogens of bees and various pests.

Disinfection - a set of measures for the eradication is ogenio pathogenic microorganisms in the environment of bees, one of the measures of control of infectious diseases of bees and their pests. Typically used for disinfection solutions of various disinfecting chemicals, aerosols, gaseous means, antibacterial foam (bee // Ed.: Belas VG, Burmistrov A.N., Grebcova VG etc./M: Soviet encyclopedia, 1991, p 97-98. Dosanov K.SH Research and development of effective antimicrobial compositions. // Problems of veterinary sanitation, hygiene and ecology disinfection, disinsection, deratization) abstracts of International scientific conference. The publishing VIEWSHE. - M - 1997 p.47 - 48. Zharov GA Foam preparation for simultaneous disinfection and disinfestation. // Problems of veterinary sanitation, hygiene and ecology disinfection, disinsection, deratization) abstracts of International scientific conference. The publishing VIEWSHE. - M - 1999. - 49-50. Smirnov, A.M. and other Disinfection apiary /bee-keeping. - 1998 - No. 5 p.16-18. Description of the invention by author's certificates of the USSR №1025022, No. 1572478).

The disadvantage of using solutions of different disinfecting chemicals and antibacterial pen is a great complexity preventive and emergency disinfection and insufficient provision of veterinary services disinfectants.

One of the ways of solving the actual problems of sprovedene sanitary (disinfection) events are methods of fumigation and aerosol formulations. The undeniable advantage of the aerosol method of disinfection, antibacterial aerosol forming compounds or active ingredients is simplicity and minimal complexity of disinfection.

There is a method of combating pests and diseases of bees. Spare cell frame is treated with sulfur dioxide. For fumigation 1 m³premises take 50 g of sulfur. Cells can fumigate and empty hives, shopping superstructures, stacked in piles. The desired amount of sulfur is placed in the smoker on the hot coals. Fumigation performed twice with an interval of 12-15 days (A. Rybalchenko. Apiary on a garden plot. // Minsk: Publishing House "Flame". - 1991. - 49. Kashin, GV, NM Pillars of Veterinary-sanitary measures to prevent the spread and destruction of the wax moth pest of honey bees in the farms of the Altai region: recommendations - Barnaul, Altai-Bionic" and VNEEVEA, 1992 p.21-22). The disadvantage of this method is that sulfur is placed in the smoker on the hot coals, which requires special precautionary measures when carrying out disinfection: special service and protection of the respiratory organs and eyes from contact with the aerosol.

There is also known a method of disinfection by fumigation with sulphur dioxide objects beekeeping, for which also burn sulphur. For fumigation take the pot and the metal Bank. It poured hot coals, then on the coals poured a measured amount of sulfur, quickly leave the room, closing the door behind him. Sulfur dioxide is heavier than air, so it will go down (VW AV Content bees in mnogochastnyh hives. // M: GOS. Publishing house of the agricultural literature, 1957. s). This method does not have a particular modes of disinfection of objects of beekeeping using as active ingredient sulfur dioxide. In addition, in this method there is no uniform concentration of sulfur dioxide, as it goes down, where the concentration will be greater in the treated area, and above less. This greatly affects the quality and the effectiveness of disinfection.

The closest to the technical essence of the present invention adopted for the prototype, is the use of sulfur dioxide that is formed during combustion of 50-100 g of sulfur (Nuzhdin A.S. Basics of beekeeping M: VO "Agropromizdat" 1988. 202). The disadvantage of this method of disinfection winter quarters, Sotogrande and objects of beekeeping is the lack of active recirculation ventilation. For this reason also not ensured uniformity of the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the treated area, which also affects the quality and efficiency of disinfection.

As de is an infectious agent known composition, taken as a prototype, sulfur-containing 60-90%, gypsum and cement in the ratio 1:1 - 10-40% (description of the invention under the patent RU No. 2199859). This composition has been successfully used for the destruction of pathogens of various diseases, mold, mites and insects. However, the disadvantages of this structure should include the fact that he sometimes fades out in the application.

For many years happen to search for new methods of disinfection of objects of beekeeping, and there is no doubt that there will always be a need for improved methods of disinfection and compositions (preparations) for their implementation.

The task, which is aimed by the invention is a method of disinfection of premises storage of bee equipment and hives and structure for its implementation, which would eliminate the disadvantages outlined in the analogues and prototypes. Task is defined as the expansion of the means of disinfection of objects of beekeeping.

This is achieved by the fact that in the known method consists in processing storage premises bee inventory and hives sulfur dioxide, disinfection are ensuring the concentration of sulfur dioxide from 120 to 180 g/m³in 24-40 hours in the treated area. While in the treated area provide recirculation ventilation frequency every 0.5 hour is for 15-20 min with a flow rate of 1-3 m/S.

The expected technical result and the implementation of this method of disinfection of premises storage of bee equipment and hives is achieved by burning composition, containing (in weight%): sulfur 60-89, gypsum and cement in the ratio 1:1-10-39, which additionally contains charcoal 1-3.

The specified ratio of the components of the proposed structure was determined experimentally. In various embodiments for implementing this invention and obtain a technical result of the components of the proposed structure in production conditions were made structures, a specific ratio of incoming ingredients are given in the table.

Reduction of the sulphur content in the composition is less than 60% leads to damping composition during combustion, and the increase in the sulphur content of more than 89% and the reduction of gypsum and cement less than 10% to the formation of chips of tablets during pressing and does not ensure the elimination of dusting operations dosing during pressing. Content of the coal is less than 1% does not exclude the damping composition during combustion, and the introduction of the coal more than 3% is not necessary, because its content in the composition of 1-3% provide reliable results on the reliability of combustion, i.e. the exception attenuation during combustion. The composition containing sulfur 60-89%, gypsum and cement in the ratio 1:1 - 10-39% and 1-3% of the coal provides the necessary specifications in the manufacture of it in the production environment and to achieve the desired effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of use.

The essence of the proposed method of disinfection of premises storage of bee equipment and hives is the following. After mechanical cleaning and storage hives, sotiraki (honey, mediopassive, drought) are placed on the empty buildings of the hives, released hives, parts, tools and accessories laid out in the room before oznaczenie for disinfection. The structure for implementation of the proposed method is preferably molded in bespoleznye tablets or loose fitted on the ceramic stand, sheets of asbestos or other non-combustible materials that protect the floor surface from fire. Set the estimated number of tablets or composition (given that 1 g of the proposed composition in combustion emits 2.0 g of sulfur dioxide) at a distance of not less than 1,0 m from vuzgorodok substances. The composition of the fire and leave the room. Later, 1 hour after lighting the composition include () recirculation ventilation frequency every 0.5 hour for 15-20 minutes. When the flow of air with sulfur dioxide with a flow rate of 1-3 m/s under the action of the recirculation ventilation provides the most effective result. Through 24-40 hours include supply and exhaust ventilation to ventilate the premises disinfected. The specified disinfection second time spend in seven to ten days after the first disinfection. And the third time 15-20 days after the second disinfection.

Testing of the proposed method and composition for its implementation was carried out in different regions of the Russian Federation as beekeepers Amateur and beekeeping farms for two years.

Experimental verification of the proposed JV is soba and structure for its implementation, held in relation to such pests and diseases of bees, wax moths, ants, flies - pirates of varroatosis, Carabidae, ascosphaerosis, Nosema, sack brood, pericolosa, scopelliti and other pests and diseases of bees, showed high efficiency of application against a wide range of pests and pathogens of many diseases of bees with a significant simplification of disinfection and shortcomings of the prototype, i.e. the achievement of a technical result.

In the patent and scientific literature is unknown technical solution of the task according to the method of disinfection of premises storage of bee equipment and hives and composition for its implementation similarly claimed, namely the use of sulfur dioxide composition containing sulfur 60-89%, gypsum and cement in the ratio 1:1 - 10-39%, which added charcoal 1-3%, which provides a catalytic effect, eliminating the possibility of attenuation structure in the application. Ensuring the concentration of sulfur dioxide from 120 to 180 g/m³when the specified cyclic operation of the recirculation ventilation in 24-40 hours allow to draw a conclusion on the conformity of the proposed method and composition for its realization the condition of patentability - Novelty."

The application of the proposed pic is BA - the concentration of sulfur dioxide and modes of disinfection and composition for its implementation in the combination of the proposed components in a certain ratio can achieve the effect specified in the invention, i.e. the claimed method and composition for its implementation meets the patentability of "inventive step".

The data obtained by the production test in the complex health interventions in bee terms of the proposed method and composition for its implementation and providing technical result in the application conditions allow us to conclude that the method and composition according to the conditions of patentability - "industrial applicability and feasibility".

The proposed method of disinfection of premises storage of bee equipment and hives and composition for its implementation compared with known methods and structures have the following advantages:

- allow to obtain high prophylactic efficacy in achieving successful beekeeping conditions in relation to numerous pests and diseases of bees;

- ensures the safety of bee products;

- does not require much labor and it is easy to handle when carrying out emergency or preventive disinfection as beekeepers Amateur and big inverter is loutchansky farms.

1. The method of disinfection of premises storage of bee equipment and hives, including the processing of storage premises and hives sulfur dioxide, characterized in that the disinfection is carried out with ensuring that the concentration of sulfur dioxide from 120 to 180 g/m³in 24-40 h, while in the treated area provide recirculation ventilation frequency every 0.5 h for 15-20 min with a flow rate of 1-3 m/s, the second time the specified disinfection carried out in seven to ten days after the first and third 15-20 days after the second.

2. Composition for disinfection of premises storage of bee equipment and hives containing sulfur, plaster and cement in the ratio 1:1, characterized in that it additionally contains charcoal is in the following ratio, wt.%: