Vanyukov furnace for continuous melting of materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous metals |
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IPC classes for russian patent Vanyukov furnace for continuous melting of materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous metals (RU 2242687):
 
 Furnace continuous refining of magnesium / 2228964
The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, in particular to a device for refining magnesium
 Method and device for the production of gallium from waste semiconductor gallium phosphide / 2226563
The invention relates to the technology of waste processing semiconductor of gallium phosphide to extract expensive and scarce gallium
 Furnace for refining magnesium / 2222623
The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular to the furnaces for refining magnesium
 Melting and casting device for producing small castings / 2211419
The invention relates to foundry and can be used for small castings of high-level radioactive metals and alloys, particularly dentures and jewelry
 Laboratory oven for optical research / 2202747
 The device for preparation and analysis of samples of liquid alloys / 2174207
The invention relates to metallurgy, and is intended for receipt and analysis of samples of liquid alloys in the laboratory of metallurgical processes on the surface of the alloy and may find application in research laboratories
 The method and apparatus of the infiltration of gas phase chemical substances and chemical vapor deposition (options), the product obtained in this way, the feeder of the first of a reagent gas into the furnace for infiltration and deposition from the gas phase and the friction disk / 2173354
The invention relates to high-temperature composite materials obtained by the infiltration of gas phase chemical substances and deposition of matrix binder material in the porous structure of the
 The setup for studying objects at high temperatures / 2149330
The invention relates to test equipment and can be used to test objects containing explosives and toxic substances, at different heat exposure, including fires
 Furnace with inner heaters / 2246086
The melting cavity with heaters located in it, the heaters pass outside through the brickwork, where they are cooled for production of the conditions of melt crystallization inside the brickwork thus providing the furnace leak-proofness, the minimum thickness of the brickwork is determined by an empirical relation: dmin=a+b(Tf-Tmelt)/Tmeit+C[Theat/Tmelt-Theat)]2, where: dmin- the minimum wall thickness; Tf - the temperature of metal inside the furnace; Tmelt- the metal melting point; Theat- the temperature of the outside end faces of heaters; a, b, c - empirical coefficients equal to 10, 25 and 2,2 cm respectively.
 Method of purification of zinc from oxides of foreign metals and furnace for realization of this method / 2261925
Proposed method includes loading zinc into cages in sodium tetraborate melt containing 3-7 mass-% of boric acid anhydride at temperature of 750-800°C. Furnace used for purification of zinc is provided with pot for melt for avoidance of pouring of sodium tetraborate melt. Said pot is provided with branch pipe for pouring purified zinc melt into ingot molds. Proposed method may be performed in continuous mode. Production of zinc is increased not below 99.55%.
 Method for pyrometallurgical processing of non-ferrous ores and concentrates for producing of matte or metal and flow line for performing the same / 2267545
Method involves melting with the use of oxygen-containing blast gas; converting; depleting slag in gasifier; reducing gases from melting process and converting with hot gases from gasifier. Oxygen-containing blast gas used is exhaust gas of energetic gas turbine unit operating on natural gas or gas generating gas from coal gasification. Gas used for gas turbine unit is gas generating gas from bath coal gasification produced on slag depletion. Flow line has melting bubbling furnace, converter, gasifier for slag depletion, gas turbine unit with system of gas discharge channel connected through branches with tuyeres of melting furnace, converter and gasifier. Each of said branches is equipped with pressure regulator and flow regulator.
 Device for refining magnesium and preparation of magnesium alloys / 2273673
Device refining magnesium and preparation of magnesium alloys includes furnace made in form of shaft with casing lined with heat-insulating and refractory layers, heaters, crucible with flange, bearing ring and cover; refractory layer consists of several detachable cylindrical blocks in height of furnace shaft interconnected by means of tenon-slot joints and provided with projection on outer side and slot on inner side. Detachable block is solid in form and is assembled from half-rings which are interconnected by means of slot-to-slot joints and are secured by mortar. Block is made from high-strength chemically and thermally stable refractory material, for example concrete claydite or fluorine phlogopipe. Heat-insulating layer is made from basalt slabs. Ratio of refractory and heat-insulating layers is equal to 1:1.5. Zigzag heaters are secured on refractory block over entire height of furnace shaft.
 Method and device for processing raw lead material / 2283359
Proposed method includes treatment of entire volume of slag melt with oxygen-containing blast in zone of delivery of blast to melt at rate of 500-1500 nm3/h per m3 of slag; oxygen-containing blast is simultaneously delivered to slag melt at level above metallic lead surface of 5 to 20 calibers of lance and above slag melt of 30-80 calibers of lance assuming smooth surface of slag; metallic lead temperature is maintained within 700-1100°C and that of slag within 900-1300°C. For realization of this method, use is made of furnace whose crucible hearth located vertically in calibers of lance of lower row relative to horizontal plane of lances below by 10-30 calibers under furnace shaft and slag siphon channel hang-up by 2-10 calibers, pouring port lip is located above by 10-20 calibers and by 30-100 calibers of upper row lances; lead siphon hang-up is located below hearth level by 2-5 calibers.
 Magnesium refining furnace / 2283886
Proposed furnace has casing and lined shaft with hearth and electrodes which is closed by roof, branch pipes for loading molten salts and magnesium and discharging magnesium. Casing is conical over entire height with lesser base directed towards furnace hearth at ratio of lower base to upper part of furnace equal to 1: (1.75-1.85). Furnace is provided with detachable bearing plate whose area is equal to area of hearth; central shaft is tightly secured in furnace roof and is mounted on bearing plate; it is made from detachable side-beams; lower side-beam has openings opposite electrodes. Besides that, side-beams of central shaft are interconnected by tenon-and-mortise joints; branch pipes for loading and unloading magnesium are mounted on furnace roof at different sides, central shaft is tightly closed at the top by means of cover provided with branch pipe for loading salt. Side-beams of central shaft are made from cast-iron or steel casting; upper edge of opening of furnace central shaft is located above upper edge of electrode end face; ratio of height of opening of lower side-beam of central part of furnace to its total height is equal to 1: (2.5-3.0).
 Furnace for processing oxidized ore materials containing nickel, cobalt, iron / 2315934
Furnace includes caisson shaft divided by means of vertical cross partition by melting and reducing chambers provided with tuyeres; united stepped along chambers hearth; siphon with over-flow duct and with openings for discharging slag and metal-containing melt. Vertical cross partition dividing chambers is mounted fluid-tightly in hearth of melting chamber and it has height equal to 35 - 55 diameters of tuyeres of melting chamber over plane of their arranging. Hearth of reducing chamber is inclined by angle 25 - 60° to horizon from vertical cross partition towards over-flow duct.
 Gypsum drying and/or burning plant / 2316517
Method involves supplying hot gases to inlet of the first channel; delivering gypsum to inlet of the second channel, which is concentric to the first one; moving gypsum in the second channel by supply screw; providing indirect heat-exchange between gypsum and hot gases; burning gypsum to obtain semihydrate gypsum. Gypsum movement and indirect heat-exchange stages include drying and partial burning gypsum to create semihydrate gypsum. Gypsum burning at the last stage is terminated in bringing gypsum into contact with hot gases. The last burning operation is of pulsed type. Gypsum movement and heat-exchanging stages continue for 30 sec-5 min. Gypsum burning by hot gases is carried out for 1-10 sec. Device for described method realization and ready product are also disclosed.
 Method for producing small-size cast pieces of high-active metals and alloys and plant for performing the same / 2319578
Apparatus includes melting and pouring chamber where non-consumable electrode and crucible of graphite are arranged. Inner surface of crucible is covered with refractory tungsten non-interacting with melt. Apparatus for tilting crucible includes carcass having two mutually parallel vertical grooves. In mutually opposite grooves rollers are arranged with possibility of limited motion. Said rollers are secured to ends of levers through hinges joined with crucible. Carcass includes movable support for crucible secured to wall of carcass. Said support may be moved in horizontal plane. In order to set designed gap, crucible and apparatus for tilting it are moved upwards till contact of billet with end of electrode; then movable support of crucible is introduced and crucible is moved downwards till support. After melting billet said support is withdrawn. Crucible falls down and tilts along path providing motion of point of crucible inner surface at side of draining mostly spaced from axis of crucible in tilting plane along vertical line.
 Method and device for compaction of porous substrate by the gaseous phase chemical infiltration / 2319682
Invention is pertaining to the field of compaction of porous substrates by- the gaseous phase chemical infiltration. Exercise loading of substrates exposed to compaction- into the furnace loading area; heat up substrates in the furnace up to their temperature, at which the required substance of the mold will be formed from the gaseous source or sources contained in the gas-reactant. Then- on the one hand of the furnace inject gas-reagent and heat it up after injection- during its transit in the furnace through the gas heating area located- in the direction of the gas-reagent travel through the furnace in front of the loading area. Gas-reactant is exposed to preheating before its injection in the furnace for reaching prior its injection in the furnace of the temperature intermediate -between the environment temperature and the substrates preheating temperature. Installation includes the furnace, the area of substrates loading in the furnace, the means of heating of substrates in the loading area, at least, one hole for the gas-reagent injection in the furnace and, at least, one heating area of the gas-reagent disposed in the furnace between the hole of the gas-reagent injection and the loading area. Installation also contains, at least, one gas preheating device disposed out of the furnace and connected, at least, with one hole used for injection of the gas-reagentin the furnace and ensuring- preliminary heating up of the gas-reagent before its injection in the furnace. The presented method and the device allow to reduce significantly the temperature gradient in the whole area of loading without usage of the large the volume of the gas-reagent heating area.
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The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to a device for the continuous processing of laterite Nickel ore. Furnace for continuous melting of materials, including caisson shaft rectangular bottom and widening at the top, separated by transverse partitions into the camera oxidative melting and camera recovery of oxides of the slag with lances, stage furnace hearth, the siphon with holes for release of slag and metalloceramic phase, the lower edge of the partitions located on the side of the camera oxidative melting installed on 5-15 diameters lance camera oxidative melting point below the axis of these tuyeres, and the upper edge of this partition is located above the axis of the tuyere camera recovery of oxides of the slag 2.5-4.5 distances from the axis of the tuyere camera recovery of oxides of the slag to the threshold of the outlet openings of the slag. When using the invention is provided by the fuel combustion in the melting chamber with a maximum heat generation and reduces the need for post-combustion of the exhaust gases in the reducing chamber. 1 Il.
The invention relates to metallurgy, in costosternal Nickel ore processed in shaft kilns. The shaft furnace is a rectangular tank - mine, in which top load Kuskovo oxidized ore, fluxes and coke. In the lower part of the side walls have openings for supplying air into the layer of solid preheated coke. The products of combustion of coke is heated and melted charge, which flows down and out of the furnace through the hole located at the bottom. External sump melt into slag and matte (ferronickel). Disadvantages mine smelting are complex and expensive preparation of the mixture to heat (briquetting, balling or agglomeration), use as fuel only lumpy expensive coke, removal of dust from the exhaust gases exceeds 10% by weight of the charged metal and the emissions of more than 50% of the sulfur contained in sulfidization used to get the matte. All this taken together makes mine smelting environmentally unsound and economically unprofitable. Known furnace for continuous melting of sulfide materials in a liquid bath containing a mine, separated by a partition fixed in the firmament, inclined, stepped furnace hearth, siphons for product melting (USSR Author's certificate No. 1008600, CL F 27 17/00 from 30.03.83, bull. No. 12). Jus podgoreni region in one tub metalloceramic products and the separation of the upper part of the furnace with the inability of the exchange of gases and foamed slag between cameras oxidative melting and recovery. The proposed new furnace design gives the following technical result. It also creates an opportunity in the camera oxidative melting heat and melt all the components of the charge and send the resulting slag in the reduction zone of oxides using the maximum calorific value of any fuel, the removal of dust from the flue gases of less than 1% by weight of the processed charge and without exposure to oxidizing conditions on the products produced in the area of recovery of oxides and in the area of reducing oxides to allocate Nickel, cobalt, and part of iron in the matte or metal alloy with the elimination of the danger of slag foaming and sealing devices for loading materials into the furnace and exhaust from the furnace slag formed. The above technical result of the invention is achieved in that in the known furnace for continuous melting of materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous metals, including caisson shaft, divided by transverse partitions into the camera oxidative melting and camera recovery of oxides of the slag with lances, stage furnace hearth, the siphon with holes for release of slag and metalloceramic phase, the caisson shaft is made of a rectangular attention what about the melting installed 5-15 diameters lance camera oxidative melting point below the axis of these tuyeres, and the upper edge of this partition is located above the axis of the tuyere camera recovery of oxides of the slag 2.5-4.5 distances from the axis of the tuyere camera recovery of oxides of the slag to the threshold of the outlet openings of slag. The drawing shows the proposed furnace, longitudinal section. The furnace includes a rectangular bottom and extending in the upper part of the caisson shaft 1 with lances 2, 3, 4, transverse partitions 5, 12, separating the furnace into chambers oxidative melting of charge 6 and the recovery of oxides of the slag 7, stage furnace hearth 8, a siphon for the production of slag 9, the channel for the release of metal or matte 10, boreholes for the production of melt 11, an internal siphon 13 for overflow of liquid slag from the camera oxidative melting in the upper part of the chamber recovery of oxides of the slag, flue 14 to exhaust gases from the chamber recovery the duct 17 for removal of gases from the chamber oxidative melting device for loading particulate material into the chamber restore 16, a device for loading particulate material into the chamber oxidative melting 15. The oven works as follows. The charge flux additives and solid fuels is its melting 6. The splashing of the melt and the oxidation of the carbonaceous fuel is carried out by supplying the oxygen-containing melt blown through tuyeres 3 in the side walls of the furnace in an amount necessary for complete combustion of combustible components with maximum heat. Due to the intensive mixing and heat of combustion of the solid fuel charge quickly melts and forms a homogeneous slag, which as it accumulates at the bottom edge of the partition 5 through the internal siphon 13 flows into the upper part of the chamber recovery 7. For this node furnace it is necessary that the lower edge of the partition 5 was below the axis of the row of tuyeres 3 at a depth of 5-15 hole diameters of the mouth of the tuyere 3. When the depth of the edge walls 5 less than 5 diameters tuyeres 3 coal loaded into the melting chamber, entrained slag in the chamber of recovery, and in the melting chamber is broken ratio carbon/oxygen and heat balance. This results in cooling of the slag and its freezing in the melting zone with the termination of the heat. When the depth of the lower edge of the partition 5 more than 15 diameters lance 3 significantly increase the heat loss of the slag through the walls in the area where there is no generation of heat, which reduces tammaru 7 and the process is disrupted. Gaseous products of melting in the chamber 6 is brought out through the duct 17 in the arch of the chamber 6 and is directed to the cleaning of dust and waste heat recovery. In camera recovery of oxides of the slag through the loading device 16 in the upper part Bartiromo melt is injected solid carbonaceous materials such as coal and, if necessary, the material balance of melt, additional fluxing materials, including sulfidization. Coal is injected in an amount necessary to restore the recoverable metal oxides and thermal compensation costs. The splashing of the melt to accelerate heat and mass transfer and oxidation of the fuel to the required content of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen in the chemical reaction zone in the melt support by supplying oxygen-containing blast through a number of lances 2. In the reduction reactions and, if necessary, sulfatirovnie in the chamber restore is formed of metal or sulfide phase, droplets which fall to the bottom of the camera recovery and release from the furnace through the channel 10 or through the borehole 11. Slag, depleted for non-ferrous and iron, are produced through a window 18 in the siphon 9. Gases camera recovery containing CO and H2to save fuel and red eye reduction is from the furnace to remove dust and waste heat through the flue 14. It is known that when the regenerative processes in the range of iron content in the slag 8-20% occurs foaming of the slag and the slag foam reaches the vault, seals the flue and the boot device. To prevent this phenomenon and create opportunities to remove gases from both cameras on any of the ducts upper edge of the partition 5 is located at the level of from 2.5 to 4.5 distances from the axis of the row of tuyeres 2 in the camera repair to the lower threshold of the window 18 of the slag siphon 9. Under these conditions, the resulting foam is thrown into the chamber 6 and is precipitated oxidation of exhaust gases. When checked against less than 2.5, even in the case of normal operation, there is a transfer of slag and its coal from the chamber 7 into the chamber 6 and the violation of the proper ratio of carbon: oxygen in the chamber 7, the reduction reaction speed recovery with increasing losses of non-ferrous metals from the slag. When the level of partitions above mentioned ratio of 4.5 increases the dynamic resistance for gas flow from the chamber 7 into the flue gas duct 17 or from the chamber 6 into the flue gas duct 14. This creates the possibility of increasing the pressure inside the furnace and emission of hot gases through the boot device, which leads to nauseazetia experiments conducted at the experimental two-chamber furnace with a total area of hearth 4 m2and the area of the melting chamber 3 m2and recovery - 1 m2(the arch of the furnace common to both cameras). The total height of the furnace from the bottom to arch rehabilitation camera was 6 m, and in the melting chamber of 5.4 m Lance in the melting chamber with a diameter of 40 mm was placed at a distance of 0.9 m from the hearth, and in the recovery of 1.5 m from the hearth. The lower threshold of the window to release the slag was at 0.8 m above the level of the axis of the tuyere 2 in the recovery chamber. On the experimental furnace conducted a series of experimental heats of oxidized Nickel ore by changing the position of the upper and lower edges of the walls 5 between the chambers. The lower edge of the partition 5 was established at the levels of 150, 250, 500, 650 mm below the level of the axes of the injectors 3. When the position of the lower edge of the septum at levels of 250 and 500 mm below the tuyeres (l/d=of 6.25 and 12.5) slag continuously flowed from the chamber 6 into the chamber 7 and the furnace worked fine. When the level of the edge 150 mm below the tuyeres (l/d=3,75) slag above the tuyeres zagustevat, freezing and melting was stopped. When the level of the edge 650 mm below the tuyeres (l/d=16,25) on the furnace hearth in the melting chamber formed nastily, overgrown box below the partition 5 and the flow of slag from the chamber 6 into the chamber 7 pricesoldpre levels of edge 2 and 3.5 mm above the axis of the tuyere 2 (H/h=2.5 and 4,37) melting proceeded normally and the Nickel content in atalina the slag was 0.1 and 0.12%, respectively. When lowering the top edge to the level of 1.5 mm above the axis of the tuyere 2 (H/h=1,87) was observed transfer of slag from one cell to another and the Nickel content in the output of the regenerative chamber slag increased to 0.43% and loss of Nickel from the slag increased in 4 times. When lifting the upper edges of the partitions to 4 mm above the axis of the tuyere 2 (H/h=5,0) appeared periodic pressure buildup and release of hot exhaust gases through the boot of heat in melting and regenerative cells that were forced to stop melting. As can be seen from the materials of the description of the application, the use of a furnace of this design will allow for comparison with the prototype of obtaining one unit of the oxidized Nickel ore, ferronickel or Nickel matte and waste slag with a minimum consumption of fuel due to the fact that in the melting chamber the fuel is burnt with a maximum heat generation and reduces the required degree of afterburning of exhaust gases in the reducing chamber. Claims Furnace for continuous melting of materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous metals, including caisson shaft, divided by transverse partitions into the camera oxidative melting and NAA slag and metalloceramic phase, characterized in that the caisson shaft is made with a rectangular bottom and extending in the upper part, the lower edge of the partitions located on the side of the camera oxidative melting installed on 5-15 diameters lance camera oxidative melting point below the axis of these tuyeres, and the upper edge of this partition is located above the axis of the tuyere camera recovery of oxides of the slag 2.5-4.5 distances from the axis of the tuyere camera recovery of oxides of the slag to the threshold of the outlet openings of slag.
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