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Method for assessing ovarian aromatase activity

IPC classes for russian patent Method for assessing ovarian aromatase activity (RU 2549491):
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FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: serum hormones are measured on the second day of the menstrual cycle prior to peroral administering letrozole aromatase inhibitor 10 mg and 48 hours after; pre-letrozole oestradiol and anti-Mullerian hormone and post-letrozole oestradiol are measured. An absolute decrease of post-letrozole oestradiol is determined, and an ovarian aromatase activity coefficient (K) is determined by formula. If K <9.1, the low ovarian aromatase activity is determined, the 9.1<K<27.3 shows the normal activity, while K>27.3 - the high activity.

EFFECT: using the declared non-invasive method enables the high-accuracy assessment of the ovarian aromatase activity intensity.

5 tbl, 3 ex

 

The invention relates to medicine, namely to endocrinology of reproduction, and can be used to assess ovarian aromatase activity.

Aromatase P450 - enzyme complex that catalyzes the conversion of C19-androgenic steroids into estrogen, realizing the biosynthesis of estrone from Androstenedione and estradiol (E2) from testosterone. In humans, aromatase P450 was detected in many tissues and organs such as the gonads, brain, adipose tissue, placenta, liver, skin, bones, blood vessels, endometrium, and in the endometrioid heterotopias in the tissue leiomyomas, endometrial cancer and breast cancer [Simpson E. R. Biology of aromatase in the mammary gland / E. R. Simpson [et al.] // J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia. - 2000. - Vol.5, N3. - P. 251-258]. In the ovaries of women in the reproductive period of aromatase found in the antral mucosa of dominant follicles and yellow bodies. The main activator aromatase activity is follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which depends, in turn, from the action of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH). AMH is produced in the ovaries of women antral follicles and corresponds to their number [Fanchin R. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone is more strongly related to ovarian follicular status than seruminhibin B, estradiol, FSH and LH on day 3 / Fanchin R. [et al.] // Hum. Reprod. - 2003. - Vol.18, N2. - P. 323-327].

The gene for human aromatase is localized on the 15th chromosome. In the literature [Shozu M. A new cause of female pseudohermaphroditism: placental aromatase deficincy / M. Shozu [et al.] // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. - 1991. - Vol.72, N3 - P. 560-566] find descriptions of patients with a defect P450 aromatase gene CYP19. The clinical picture of aromatase deficiency in patients of female gender is expressed intrauterine virilization of varying severity, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, underdevelopment of secondary sexual characteristics, primary amenorrhea, infertility. Partial defect of the P450 aromatase gene CYP19 may be responsible for insufficient production of estradiol by the dominant follicle and play a role in the pathogenesis of anovulation and infertility.

The known method of estimating the activity of aromatase by the ratio of the content of androgens and estrogens in the blood [E. V. Misharin Content of estrone, Androstenedione and β-endorphin in women with obesity and hormonal ovarian failure: author. dis. ... candidate. honey. Sciences. - SPb., 1993]. This method is appropriate for indirect estimation of total aromatase activity.

Total aromataza activity can be measured by protein immunoblotting [L. Lin Variable phenotypes associated with aromatase (CYP19) insufficiency in humans / L. Lin [et al.] // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. - 2007. - V. 92. P. 982-990]. In the process of determining aromatase activity uses the electrophoresis of blood proteins in polyacrylamide gel for the separation of denatured polypeptides in length or three-dimensional structure of native proteins. Next, the proteins are transferred to nitric�rulesnew membrane where aromatase is determined using specific antibodies. This method is distinguished by the complexity and the need for special equipment.

In Oncology practice aromatase activity in various tissues is determined by radiometric method based on the conversion of tritiated Androstenedione in "heavy" water (3H-H2O) [Larionov A. A. Conversion of Androstenedione in tumor and extragonadal tissues and its relationship with hormonal and metabolic factors in patients with breast cancer: author. dis. ... candidate. honey. Sciences. - SPb., 1997]. The disadvantage of this method is its invasiveness.

Known method of estimating aromatase activity in individual organs and tissues, including the ovaries women, immunohistochemical method [Suzuki T. Quantitation of P450 aromatase immunoreactivity in human ovary during the menstrual cycle: relationship between the enzyme activity and immunointensity / T. Suzuki [et al.] // J. Histochem. Cytochem. - 1994. - Vol.42, N12. - P. 1565-1573]. The method is based on the binding of unlabeled primary rabbit polyclonal antibodies with aromatase P450 with the formation of the immune complex. Further, the immune complex was visualized using a secondary labeled antibodies, the primary antibodies used for secondary antigens. Immunohistochemical analysis performed on paraffin sections. The tissue sections with a thickness of 5 μm, placed on glass slides, coated with a film of poly-L-l�Zina. Quantitative evaluation of the results of the immunohistochemical reactions were performed on photomicrographs obtained with fixation systems microscopic images, consisting of a microscope, digital camera, personal computer, software, AST-1, version 2.12 and Videotest-Morphology 5.0". Photography nuzzled at 400x magnification (10x eyepiece, 40x objective), with complete closure of the aperture diaphragm, raised contendere, in the Photo mode, the exposure time 1/20 s, the camera sensitivity is maximum, image size 1280×1024 pixels, graphic image format JPEG (normal). Determined aromataza activity in granulosa cells of follicles, using the integral indicator of the optical density and the number of granulosa cells in the subject.

The disadvantage of this method is the need for invasive procedures, extraordinary complexity.

Known method of estimating aromatase activity by conducting tests with letrozole [Savin V. A. Ovarian P450 aromatase in polycystic ovary syndrome / V. A. Savin [et al.] / / academic Medical journal.- 2012. - Vol. 11, ISS. 1. - 47-53]. Serum define the content of LH, FSH, E2, total testosterone and free testosterone levels before and after oral administration of 10 mg of inhibitor of aromatase letrozole and change of LH and FSH, as well as �of coefficientof E2/total testosterone and E2/free testosterone in 48 hours appreciate aromatase activity by using a point system. This method is adopted by the authors for the prototype.

The disadvantage of this method is the extensive expensive hormonal tests. In the described method does not provide information about the source aromatase activity. Changes of gonadotropins in the blood are indirect indicators of reduction of E2 in the blood and depend on intactness or damage of negative feedback in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system.

The technical result of the invention is to obtain accurate data about the level of ovarian aromatase activity.

Said technical result is achieved in that in the method of assessing the ovarian aromatase activity by hormonal analysis of blood serum on the second day of the menstrual cycle prior to oral administration of 10 mg of inhibitor of aromatase letrozole and 48 hours after, according to the invention before the treatment with letrozole determine the level of estradiol and the level of anti-Mullerian hormone, after taking letrozole - estradiol levels, determine the absolute value of the change in estradiol and calculate the coefficient of ovarian aromatase activity according to the following formula: K=Δ2/AMH, where:

Δ2 - the absolute value of the change in the level of estradiol after administration of letrozole, pmol/l;

AMG - the level of anti-Mullerian hormone, ng/ml

and appreciate ova�yalou aromatase activity, considering that when K<9,1 - low ovarian aromataza activity, when 9,1<K<27,3 - normal, when K>27,3 - high.

Studies have shown that the proposed method reduced the level of E2 in the blood 48 hours after oral intake of 10 mg of letrozole allows to estimate the ovarian aromatase activity. This is proved by the results of the study are shown in table.1. As can be seen from table 1, in women with external genital endometriosis (EGE), confirmed at laparoscopy (n=30, mean age 29±0.4 years), after 3 months of application of the agonists Genotropin-releasing hormone, E2 reaction to the oral ingestion of 10 mg of letrozole is virtually nonexistent. Whereas in healthy women of reproductive age with preserved ovulatory cycle (n=15, mean age 27±0.4 years), confirmed by an ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs and the level of progesterone in the blood on day 20-21 of the menstrual cycle, under the influence of oral administration of 10 mg of letrozole on day 2 of the menstrual cycle is significant (p<0.05) reduction in E2 in the blood by 42.6±7.9 pmol/l (tab.1).

Table 1
Groups of women The level of E2 in the blood (pmol/l) and the boundaries of trust and�the interval Δ2
1-day sample 3-day sample
Healthy women (n=15) to 144.9±7,9 102,3±4,2 42,6±7,9
(to 127.9-over 161.7) (93,5-111,2) 25,5-59,6
Patients EGE (n=30) 104,5±5,7 96,2±3,6 8,3±2,5
(92,7-area of 116.3) (88,8-103,5) the 3.2 and 13.4

Since ovarian aromataza activity depends not only on the amount of the enzyme aromatase, but also on the number of antral follicles, for a more accurate picture of ovarian aromatase activity used the K factor (the ratio of ovarian aromatase activity) showing the ratio of the absolute values of changes in the level of E2 in the blood in response to receiving 10 mg of the aromatase inhibitor of letrozole to the AMH level, reflecting the number of antral follicles in the ovaries of women.

The coefficient K was calculated from 15 healthy women of reproductive age (mean age was 27±0.4 years) with preserved ovulatory cycle, ACK�regenum ultrasound of the pelvic organs and the level of progesterone in the blood on day 20-21 of the menstrual cycle. The average value of ovarian aromatase activity (M±M) and confidence limits (p=0.05) in healthy women (n=15) are presented in table.2.

Table 2
To
The average value (M±M) Confidence limits (p=0.05)
18,2±4,2 from 9.1 to 27.3

Thus, about low ovarian aromatase activity is judged when the percentage factor To less than 9,1, normal ovarian aromatase activity when the ratio To between 9.1 to 27.3, high ovarian aromatase activity is judged if the value To more than 27.3.

The method is as follows.

At 9 a.m. on the 2nd day of the menstrual cycle from the cubital vein of the patient to take 10 ml of blood for hormonal studies. Then the patient takes 10 mg of the aromatase inhibitor of letrozole per os. After 48 hours, a second blood sample was drawn. The ELISA method in the first portion of the blood to determine the levels of AMH and E2, while the second has only the level E2. About ovarian aromatase activity is judged by the coefficient K=Δ2/AMG, with its subsequent evaluation: if K<9,1 - low ovarian aromataza the activity of�, when 9,1<K<27,3 - normal, when K>27,3 - high.

The inventive method is illustrated by the following clinical examples.

Example 1. Patient L. T. S. 25 years with chronic ofnormogonadotropic anovulation and infertility. A study on the proposed method. In table.3 shows a reaction to letrozole, the level of AMH in the blood and value To patient L. T. S.

Table 3
Hormones The level of hormones in the blood (M±M) Δ2
1-day sample 3-day sample
Estradiol, pmol/l 116,5 91,9 24,6
AMH, ng/ml 19,9 - -
To - 1,24 -

In response to the reception of letrozole in this patient there was a decrease in the level of E2 in the blood with 116,5 pmol/l to 91,9 pmol/l, the absolute value of reducing E2 amounted to 24.6 pmol/l, K=1,24, which indicates low ovarian aromatase active�there.

Final diagnosis: partial aromatase deficiency, ofnormogonadotropic anovulation, primary infertility.

Example 2. Patient A. V. S., 27 years old, with non-classical form of congenital hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex, ofnormogonadotropic ovarian failure, anovulation, optimizarea, hirsutism I. a study of the proposed method. In table.4 presents the results of research: reaction to letrozole, the level of AMH in the blood and the value To the patient A. B. C.

Table 4
Hormones The level of hormones in the blood (M±M) Δ2
1-day sample 3-day sample
Estradiol, pmol/l 121,4 103,7 17,7
AMH, ng/ml 1,8 - -
K - 9,8 -

On the 3rd day of the sample in this patient there was a decrease in the content of E2 in the blood from 121.4 pmol/l to 103.7 pmol/l, abso�cozy decrease in E2 was equal to 17.7 pmol/l, K=9,8. Thus, ovarian aromataza activity does not extend beyond the normal fluctuations. It is not possible to link the development of ofnormogonadotropic anovulation in this patient with aromatase deficiency.

Example 3. Patient A. I. N., 27 years old, with polycystic ovary syndrome, ofnormogonadotropic narkopolitsejskie ovarian failure, anovulation and infertility. A study on the proposed method. In table.5 presents the results of research: reaction to letrozole, the level of AMH in the blood and value To patient A. I. N.

Table 5
Hormones The level of hormones in the blood (M±M) Δ2
1-day sample 3-day sample
Estradiol, pmol/l 206,2 100,3 105,9
AMH, ng/ml 1,96 - -
K - 54,0 -

In response to the reception of letrozole in the d�the auditors of the patient there was a decrease in the level of E2 in the blood with 206,2 pmol/l to 100.3 pmol/l, the absolute decrease in E2 is equal 105,9 pmol/l, K=54,0, indicating increased ovarian aromatase activity.

The proposed method allows high accuracy (95%) to rate the intensity of ovarian aromatase activity by non-invasive, simple to perform and can be used in research practice, gynecological practice for the diagnosis of partial aromatase deficiency responsible for the violation of the synthesis of estradiol by the follicle and plays a role in the pathogenesis of anovulatory infertility. Diagnosis high ovarian aromatase activity may be essential for deciding on the medical application of aromatase inhibitors in oestrogen dependent diseases (endometriosis, uterine fibroids, cancer of the uterine body, cancer of the breast).

Method of assessing the ovarian aromatase activity by hormonal analysis of blood serum on the second day of the menstrual cycle prior to oral administration of 10 mg of inhibitor of aromatase letrozole and 48 hours after, characterized in that before the treatment with letrozole determine the level of estradiol and the level of anti-Mullerian hormone, after taking letrozole - estradiol levels, determine the absolute value of the change in estradiol and calculate the coefficient of ovarian aromatase activity according to the following formulas�:
K=∆E2/AMH, where:
∆E2 - the absolute value of the change in the level of estradiol after administration of letrozole, pmol/l;
AMG - the level of anti-Mullerian hormone, ng/ml
and assess ovarian aromatase activity, considering that when K <9,1 - low ovarian aromataza activity, when 9,1<K<27,3 - normal, when K >27,3 - high.

 

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