High pressure chamber and method of high pressure chamber cooling |
|
IPC classes for russian patent High pressure chamber and method of high pressure chamber cooling (RU 2548557):
      
 Pressing device / 2544973
Processing device contains a high pressure vessel having the furnace chamber and a heat exchanger located under it. The furnace chamber contains a heat insulated cover and furnace. Between the housing part and the heat insulated section of the heat insulated cover a guiding pass is formed which is intended for guiding of the working medium under pressure. In the cover the first and the second inlet are provisioned for passing of working medium under pressure in the guiding pass. Meanwhile the second inlet is located under the heat exchanger in a vertical direction and towards the working medium flow under pressure in the guiding pass during the cooling phase, and the first inlet is located above the heat exchanger.
 Method of controlling smelting of matte in vanyukov's furnace at discrete delayed control over melted product quality / 2484157
Proposed method comprises control over copper content in matte and stabilisation of matte composition by maintaining reset melting conditions by correcting control effects. Note here that correction of said control effects is carried out continuously by compensating disturbances in discrete delayed control over copper content in matte corresponding to equivalent delay defined by mathematical expression.
 Method of producing metallic copper from air suspension of copper pyrite particles and device to this end / 2484155
Said air suspension and reducing agent are placed inside isolated vessel provided with perforated branch pipe located at vessel bottom to make air suspension and communicated with external pipeline for feeding compressed air at excess pressure of 0.1-0.6 kgf/cm2. Raw stock 0.02-1.0 mm-dia particles filled some 20-40% of the volume of said vessel. Said reducing agent represents carbon-bearing compounds contained in compressed air fed to make suspension of particles inside said vessel. Said suspension and reducing agent are subjected to effects of variable rotary magnetic field with intensity in treatment zone of 1.5×103÷1×106 A/m and frequency of 40-70 Hz. Reduction brings about copper particles. Components for generation of aforesaid field are composed of interconnected plates made from permeable material and shaped to rectangle inside which three windings-coils are arranged. Every said coil is electrically connected with appropriate phase of external three-phase power supply. One of said components has through groove that allows fitting into said vessel of cover arranged atop said vessel to inhibit communication with surroundings.
 Method and device to process oxidised ore materials containing iron, nickel and cobalt / 2463368
Method is carried out in two stages - melting and further reduction of a slag melt, sending the slag melt from the melting stage to the reduction stage is carried out in a direction opposite to motion of gaseous and dusty products, gaseous products of the melting and reduction stage are burnt above the melt of the reduction stage. The amount of oxygen in a wind supplied into the melt at the melting stage makes 0.9-1.2 from the theoretically required one to oxidise fuel carbohydrates to CO2 and H2O, amount of oxygen in a wind supplied for afterburning of gases above the slag melt of the melting stage makes 0.9-1.2 from the one theoretically required to oxidise components of effluent gases to CO2 and H2O, amount of the oxygen-containing wind supplied into the melt at the melting stage makes 500-1500 m3/m3 of the slag melt, the amount of the oxygen-containing wind supplied to the melt at the reduction stage makes 300-1000 m3/m3 of the slag melt. A furnace by Vanyukov is disclosed, in which a gas flue for joint removal of gases of melting and reducing chambers is installed in the end of the melting chamber dome at the distance of the reducing chamber above tuyeres of the upper row of the melting chamber along the vertical line in gauges of the lower row tuyere relative to the plane of the lower row tuyeres, the melting chamber bottom is arranged by 5-30 gauges below, the horizontal plane of upper row tuyere installation is by 30-80 tuyeres higher, the horizontal plane of lower row tuyeres installation in the reducing chamber is arranged below the upper edge of the vertical partition between the melting and reducing chambers by 40-85 gauges of the reducing chamber tuyeres.
 Procedure for refining wastes of zinc from impurities and furnace for implementation of this procedure / 2436854
Procedure consists in charging wastes of zinc into crucible of furnace, in their re-melting at temperature equal or higher, than temperature of melting at presence of anhydride of boric acid produced in furnace at thermal decomposition of boric acid. The distinguished feature of the procedure is charging boric acid on a bottom of the furnace crucible before charging wastes of zinc. Weight of boric acid is calculated by formula: y=25.1(100-x), where y is weight of boric acid per 1000 kg of zinc wastes, kg, x is content of metal zinc in wastes, %. When temperature of melt of zinc wastes reaches 700-750°C, it is conditioned in the furnace for 45 min. Also, height of melt of zinc wastes in the crucible of the furnace is maintained as 800 mm. The furnace consists of a case, of lining with refractory bricks, of the crucible for melting wastes of zinc laid with refractory bricks, of gas dead-end burners positioned in chambers and communicated with the crucible of the furnace through channels in mason-work of furnace crucible, of a cover of the furnace crucible, of two notches, one of which is located at height of 80 mm from the bottom of the furnace crucible designed for casting refined melt of zinc into moulds, while the second one is located at the level of the bottom of the furnace crucible and is designed for casting melt of zinc containing inter-metallic compounds or true solutions of impurity metals in melt of zinc into moulds.
Procedure for thermal treatment of solid domestic and industrial waste / 2424334
Wastes are treated in Vanyukov's furnace with slag melting, supplying charge and oxygen containing gas through tuyeres into slag melting. Charge is melted and slag is generated at temperature 1250-1400°C. The procedure is implemented in the furnace wherein height of tuyeres can be changed. With growth of the lowest working heat-producing capacity of charge height of axis of tuyeres arrangement from a bottom of the furnace is increased. Value of ratio of blast of oxygen containing gas (nm3/hour per 1 m2 of cross section of a furnace) and the lowest working heat-producing capacity of charge (kJ/kg) is maintained within the ranges of 0.07-0.12 facilitating degree of carbon burning-out in charge to its residual content in slag at the level of 0.1-0.15%.
 Process furnace or similar equipment / 2421544
Furnace has an outer cover, a reaction chamber inside the cover, a heating system and a system for circulating the reagent gas. The outer cover of the furnace and the reaction chamber bound a first volume between the inner side of the cover of the furnace and the outer side of the reaction chamber and a second volume inside the reaction chamber. The first volume is divided into a first part which forms the heating zone which accommodates the heating system and a second part in which the reagent gas is present. The heating zone is hermetically insulated from the second part. The furnace also has a system for circulating inert gas which is made and placed with possibility of feeding inert gas into the heating zone at a rate which provides positive differential pressure relative the pressure of the reagent gas inside the second part of the first volume in which the reagent gas is present in order to prevent passage of the reagent gas into the heating zone.
 Device for metal-thermal reduction of pulp of galvanic production / 2419659
Device consists of cylinder case with cover equipped with internal refractory coating. Also, inside the case there is installed a graphite crucible in form of truncated cone facing the bottom with smaller base. An orifice in the base is closed with a pusher. Further, the device consists of a striking appliance. The device is equipped with a located in the cover branch for exhaust of volatile products of metal thermal reaction from a working reservoir into a neutralising installation and with a branch for blasting with compressed air.
 Caisson of pyrometallurgical aggregate of bubble type / 2409795
Caisson consists of plate out of heat conducting material with imbedded into it coil, and of connecting pipes for input and output of coolant. Ratio of total area of the coil of the caisson calculated by its external diametre (F1, m2) to area of the caisson (F2, m2) from flame side is F1: F2-0.90-2.2. The caisson can be made with an orifice for insertion of air tuyere into it.
 Furnace for smelting materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous materials and high-melting formations in liquid bath / 2401964
Furnace consists of caisson shaft divided with cross partition into melting and reducing chambers equipped with low and upper tuyeres, of sole, of siphon for accumulation and tapping metal and slag via corresponding channels with orifice in lower part of end wall, of device for loading charge and solid materials into melting and reducing chambers and of pipe for fume extraction. The siphon is equipped with at least one bushing for insertion and transfer of an electrode in it, with a block for electrode manipulation, with a power source, and with a block of control-measuring facilities and automation. Also an upper part of the electrode is connected to the power source and to the block of control and measuring facilities and automation; the output of the latter is coupled with an input of the manipulation block ensuring vertical reciprocal motion of the electrode via its drive and its deviation from vertical axis.
 Producing tablet by means of press mould using radio-frequency radiation and fusible binding agent / 2545989
Present invention refers to a method for producing a tablet by (i) compressing a powder mixture in a mould plate of one device for producing a tabletted form with the powder mixture comprising a pharmaceutically active substance and a fusible binding agent, and (ii) exposing the above tabletted form to radio-frequency radiation generated by the above device over a period of time adequate to soften or melt the binding agent inside the above tabletted form to produce a tablet. Oral absorption of the produced tablet placed on the tongue takes less than approximately 30 s.
 Unequal cylinder / 2544975
Pressing station includes a high pressure vessel that has unequal wall thickness. A vessel wall includes vessel sections with larger thickness in upper and lower end sections and sections with smaller thickness in a central section. In accordance with one version of the design, the ratio of outer and inner diameters in the central vessel section comprises less than 1.2, usually 1.1 or less, preferably less than 1.07. In accordance with the second version of the design, the ratio of outer and inner diameters in the central section is less than the ratio of wall thicknesses in end sections and in the central section.
Pressing device / 2544973
Processing device contains a high pressure vessel having the furnace chamber and a heat exchanger located under it. The furnace chamber contains a heat insulated cover and furnace. Between the housing part and the heat insulated section of the heat insulated cover a guiding pass is formed which is intended for guiding of the working medium under pressure. In the cover the first and the second inlet are provisioned for passing of working medium under pressure in the guiding pass. Meanwhile the second inlet is located under the heat exchanger in a vertical direction and towards the working medium flow under pressure in the guiding pass during the cooling phase, and the first inlet is located above the heat exchanger.
 Plug production die / 2533981
Set of inventions relates to pressing and can be used for production of plugs from absorbing materials. Plug workpiece is subjected to pressing by means of press jaws arranged along pressing zone. This press is equipped with guide blades to centre plug workpiece radially and/or axially.
 Briquetting ram press / 2524032
Press comprises a loading chamber, a premoulding chamber, a stamp chamber to form briquettes. The stamp chamber is designed in the form of a socket. An actuator mechanism for pressing in the form of a hydraulic cylinder with a rod and an actuator mechanism of raw supply in the form of a pneumatic cylinder with a piston are provided in the press. The stamp chamber is equipped with a flap in the form of a wedge, having the actuator mechanism of its lifting and lowering. The press is equipped with a device, designed to coordinate operation of the actuator mechanisms of the flap, pressing and supply of raw.
 High-pressure moulding machine / 2520301
Invention relates to high-pressure moulding equipment. Proposed machine comprises high-pressure vessel arranged around high-pressure chamber with working medium, fan connected motor, housing wall section cooler, pump and guide. Housing is arranged inside said chamber. Fan is arranged in chamber outside said housing to circulate working medium contained thereon. Pump is designed to circulate fluid inside said housing by said housing wall cooled section. Said guide is located inside said housing to guard said motor. Said element has fluid inlet and outlet for motor cooling purposes.
 Method of thermostatting of hot isostatic press and hot isostatic press / 2512506
Invention relates to equipment for pressing under high pressure and at high temperature. A hot isostatic press comprises a reservoir for development of pressure, inside of which there is a loading space. Between the reservoir and the loading space there is insulation. The loading space is surrounded with a convection cartridge for formation of a convection gap. A fluid medium is supplied into the loading space at least via one nozzle for development of the vortex flow. The specified fluid medium is mixed with the fluid medium available in the loading space. At the same time the fluid medium simultaneously forms a circulating cartridge around a convection cartridge and arrives from the convection gap into the loading space. Inside the reservoir for development of pressure there is at least one line for fluid medium, which is connected at least with one nozzle inside the reservoir. The angle of nozzle output is made as capable of development of the vortex flow inside the loading space.
 Method of producing polyolefin films / 2487798
Invention relates to production of films from superhigh-molecular polyolefin. Proposed method comprises affecting initial superhigh-molecular polyolefin with weighted mean molecular weight of, at leas 500000 g/mol in the form of compacted powder by isobaric press. Besides, compacted polyolefin of rolling stage is subjected to definite processing. Also, it is stretched at such conditions whereat polymer processing temperature does no up to magnitude exceeding its fusion point at no point whatsoever.
 High pressure vessel for high pressure press / 2477416
High pressure vessel includes at least the first sub-cylinder and the second sub-cylinder, which are coaxially connected so that formation of a cylindrical housing for high pressure medium is possible, and a sealing structure arranged on inner wall of the cylindrical housing for sealing of the connection between the first and the second sub-cylinders against high pressure medium leakage. The sealing structure includes a ring-shaped sealing strip, the first projecting flange that is arranged on inner wall of the first sub-cylinder and that is coaxially continued from the connection and to the side from the second sub-cylinder, and the second peripherally projecting flange. The flange is arranged on inner wall of the second sub-cylinder and that is axially continued from the connection and then from the first sub-cylinder. The sealing strip when in the installed position is arranged concentrically within the limits of the first and the second projecting flanges so that it tightly adjoins the first and the second projecting flanges by means of radial pre-stress and covers the connection between the first and the second sub-cylinders so that tightness is ensured. Besides, the sealing structure includes the first peripheral installation space that is arranged on inner wall of the first sub-cylinder and that is axially continued from the first projecting flange and then from the second sub-cylinder to provide the replacement of components of the sealing structure. Method applied for replacement of worn-out sealing strip of high pressure vessel is described.
 Hydraulic press for compaction of solid wastes in barrel and pressing-out of filled barrel with cover into briquette / 2453437
Invention relates to presses for compaction and may be used to pack solid wastes, in particular, radioactive ones, into barrels prior to their recycling or burial. The press comprises a frame from upper and lower crosspieces tightened with pillars. A slider with a cartridge is installed on the pillars as capable of displacement. The main power cylinder is installed on the upper crosspiece. A compression ram is installed in the hole of the slider and the cartridge. A cross beam is installed above the slider as capable of displacement along the pillars. The main power cylinder plunger is fixed on the cross beam on the top, and at the bottom there is the compression ram. Cylinders of its drive are fixed at the lower flange of the main power cylinder. Cylinder stems are fixed with the crossbeam. There is a support plate installed on the lower crosspiece. There is a pressure pad designed for installation on the barrel cover during pressing out, and its diameter exceeds the barrel diameter. The inner diameter of the cartridge exceeds the pressure pad diameter.
Unequal cylinder / 2544975
Pressing station includes a high pressure vessel that has unequal wall thickness. A vessel wall includes vessel sections with larger thickness in upper and lower end sections and sections with smaller thickness in a central section. In accordance with one version of the design, the ratio of outer and inner diameters in the central vessel section comprises less than 1.2, usually 1.1 or less, preferably less than 1.07. In accordance with the second version of the design, the ratio of outer and inner diameters in the central section is less than the ratio of wall thicknesses in end sections and in the central section.
|
FIELD: technological processes. SUBSTANCE: this invention relates to treatment of items with hot pressing, preferably by hot isostatic pressing. The pressing device comprises a furnace chamber located inside a high pressure chamber of a device and surrounded with a heat insulated jacket. Under the furnace chamber there is the lower insulating section. For circulation of the working medium under pressure in the furnace chamber there is a fan with adjustable number of rotations. In the device there is at least one supply channel with an outlet. The specified channel provides for connection between the zone under the lower insulating section and the fan inlet for mixing of the flow from the specified zone with a flow in the channel above the lower insulating section and below the furnace chamber. At the same time it is possible to adjust the specified mixed flow by correction of number of fan rotations. EFFECT: invention provides for accurate regulation of working medium temperature under pressure and speed of its variation. 12 cl, 8 dwg
The technical field of the invention The present invention relates to a device for treatment of articles by hot pressing and preferably hot isostatic pressing. In particular, the present invention relates to a press device for treatment of articles by hot pressing and, preferably, hot isostatic pressing, made with the possibility of providing an adjustable high speed cooling that does not require any valves special purpose for cooling. Background of the invention Hot isostatic pressing technology is finding increasingly wide application. Hot isostatic pressing, for example, is used to achieve the exclusion of porosity in castings, such as turbine blades, to significantly increase their service life and strength, particularly fatigue strength. Another area of application is the manufacture of products requiring the absence of pores and having a non-porous surface, by means of powder metallurgy. During hot isostatic pressing the items that must be processed by molding, is installed in the feed section of an isolated chamber high pressure. Cycle or processing cycle includes the following stages: loading, processing and�the load of products and overall duration of the cycle in this document referred to as cycle time. Treatment may, in turn, be divided into several parts, or States, such as the status line, the status of the heating and cooling condition. After loading the chamber is sealed, and fluid under pressure is introduced into the high pressure chamber and feed section. The pressure and temperature of the working medium under pressure is then increased so that the product is exposed to increased pressure and increased temperature for a predetermined period of time. The increase in the temperature of the working medium under pressure, whereby the temperature of the products is created by using a heating element or furnace located in the combustion chamber high pressure chamber. Pressure, temperature and processing time, of course, depend on many factors such as material properties of a workpiece, scope and required quality of the treated product. The temperature and pressure in hot isostatic pressing can usually be in the range of from 200 to 5000 bar (20-500 MPa), preferably 800 to 2000 bar (80-200 MPa) and from 300°C to 3000°C, preferably from 800°C to 2000°C, respectively. When the pressing of products ends product often require cooling before removing the silt� is discharged from the high pressure chamber. In many kinds of metallurgical processing, the cooling rate should affect the metallurgical properties. For example, a thermal stress (temperature or voltage) and grain growth must be minimized to obtain high quality material. It is therefore necessary to cool the material evenly and, if possible, to adjust the speed of cooling. Many known in the art presses are suffering from slow cooling products, and therefore efforts are being made to reduce the cooling time of the products. Although the reduction of the cooling time is an important factor to consider is that the consistently high temperatures during, for example, the condition for the steady state and the status line is also very important. Thus, except for the possibility of rapid cooling is necessary to be able to achieve constant high temperatures during, for example, the condition for the steady state. The mechanical means for enhancing convective circulation can be used to obtain an increased cooling rate. This gives a method of achieving rapid cooling of processed products, although they are contained in a well-insulated combustion chamber. PCT/EP2007/10997, located on the simultaneous consideration reveals a hot isostatic press�ing with these characteristics. However, the device gain of convection in systems with high pressure and/or high temperature are often subject to rapid wear or breakage of mechanical parts. This, in particular, relates to a mechanical blowers or fans with moving parts. Accordingly, such pressing devices may require relatively frequent repair, which gives a result of unwanted interruptions and shutdowns. In addition, the available space to download the product in the pressing device is often limited, and mechanical means such as blowers or fans, reduce this available space, the problem is further exacerbated in small-press devices. The use of mechanical means also entails creating relatively complicated and expensive construction and pressing device. Thus, in the technique there is a pressing need to create devices made with the possibility of controlled rapid cooling when cooling and uniformity high temperatures during, for example, a steady-state mode and pressing. Summary of the invention General object of the present invention is to provide an improved pressing device for hot pressing and, predpochtitel�but hot isostatic pressing, made with the possibility to adjust the temperature and rate of temperature change of the working environment under pressure and products that are processed in the stamping device. More specifically, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved pressing device for hot pressing and, preferably, hot isostatic pressing, with the possibility of an adjustable high-speed cooling when cooling and to maintain a constant high temperature during, for example, steady state mode and pressing. Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved pressing device for hot pressing and, preferably, hot isostatic pressing, having a design of reduced complexity and reduced maintenance requirements. An additional object of the present invention is to provide an improved pressing device for hot pressing and, preferably, hot isostatic pressing, made with the possibility of obtaining circulation of the working medium under pressure in the combustion chamber without cooling to create a high constancy of temperature during, for example, steady state mode and pressing. Other�Oh the object of the present invention is to provide an improved pressing device for hot pressing and preferably, the hot isostatic pressing, made with the possibility of obtaining adjustable speed and high speed cooling products and/or the working medium under pressure, does not require any valves special purpose cooling equipment. These and other objectives of the present invention are solved using a high-pressure chamber and method for a camera having the characteristics defined in the independent claims. Embodiments of the present invention are characterized in the dependent claims. In the context of the present invention, the terms "cold" and "hot" or "heated" (for example, cold and hot or hot working medium under pressure or the temperature of cold and hot or hot body) should be interpreted as the average temperature in the high-pressure chamber. Similarly, the term "low" and "high" temperatures must also be interpreted as the average temperature in the high-pressure chamber. According to the first aspect of the invention, the set of the pressing device for hot pressing chamber containing a high pressure, comprising a combustion chamber adapted to hold products. Insulated casing made surrounding the combustion chamber. Complete�till then, the lower insulating section is located under the furnace. Fan with adjustable speed (rpm) is arranged to create a flow of working medium under pressure in the combustion chamber and the circulation of the working medium under pressure in the combustion chamber during operation. At least one feed channel being configured to create a connection between the area that is colder zones in the combustion chamber, and the intake fan for the supply of fluid under pressure from a cold zone at the inlet to the mixing of cold stream with a stream of heated fluid under pressure in the combustion chamber, the quantity of cold fluid under pressure supplied to the inlet of the fan can be controlled via adjusting the number of revolutions of the fan. According to the second aspect of the present invention, a method for press device for hot pressing. The pressing device comprises a high pressure chamber comprising a combustion chamber adapted to hold products, the combustion chamber is created inside the chamber high-pressure, heat-insulated casing made surrounding the combustion chamber, the lower insulating section is located under the furnace, and a fan with variable speed, made with the possibility of creating sweat�ka fluid under pressure in the combustion chamber and the circulation of the working medium under pressure in the combustion chamber during operation. At least one feed channel being configured to create a connection between the area that is colder zones in the combustion chamber, and the inlet of the fan. The method includes adjusting the number of revolutions of the fan to regulate the flow of working medium under pressure from a cold zone to the inlet of the fan, where the cold stream is mixed with the stream of heated fluid under pressure, and this mixed stream is then fed into the combustion chamber. Thus, the performance of the fan to create the effect of the circulation of heated fluid under pressure or to create a cooling effect in the combustion chamber can be adjusted. By adjusting or fan control the flow of cold fluid under pressure through a supply channel from a cold zone under the lower insulating housing and to the inlet of the fan can be adjusted, i.e., the suction effect at the inlet of the fan and the supply of working medium under pressure in the combustion chamber can be adjusted. Consequently, the cooling state can be adjusted and, if necessary, the supply of working medium under pressure can essentially block to achieve a steady-state mode, wherein the circulation fluid under pressure is maintained in the combustion chamber to obtain a constant temperature in the hot zone./p> The present invention thus is based on the discovery that large and significant difference of densities of the fluid under pressure that occur in the pressing chamber for hot pressing and, in particular, for hot isostatic pressing, can be used for accurate speed control of the cooling of the molded products. These large density variations are created due to high differential pressure and temperature in the high-pressure chamber in such a device. Often this pressing device is operated under a pressure in the range of 200 to 5000 bar (20-500 MPa) and preferably between 800 and 2000 bar (80-200 MPa) and at temperatures in the range from 300°C to 3000°C and preferably between 800 and 2000°C. Additionally, the present invention is based on the discovery that the fan can be used for precise speed control for cooling, for example, obtain the necessary cooling rate due to the use of data large differences in density. The present invention can also be used to control the condition, i.e. if the established mode or cooling is applied through the use of density difference in fan operation. This can be obtained without using any valves special purpose for cooled p�Oia. More specifically, at least one supply channel configured to supply fluid under pressure from a cold zone under the lower insulating housing and to the inlet of the fan, and this fan is preferably located at the lower end of the combustion chamber, where the working medium under pressure is much hotter than in the cold zone. Often the temperature difference between the cold zone under the lower insulating section and combustion chamber may reach 1000°C or even more. Thus, there is a great difference in density between the two areas, which according to the present invention is used to obtain the pressing devices made with the possibility to adjust or control the cooling state, with the necessary speed cooling or maintaining steady state conditions can be obtained by speed control of the fan. In stable mode, the fan runs with such speed, that is the circulation of the stream of heated fluid under pressure in the combustion chamber without the addition of cold flow of the working medium under pressure through a supply channel from a cold zone under the lower insulating phase. At a certain fan speed cold working medium under pressure is starting to Pete�future of the channel with the given temperature and pressure conditions in the chamber under pressure, for example, at a given temperature difference between the heated area in the combustion chamber and the cold zone under the lower insulating section and a predetermined pressure in the high pressure chamber. Cold working medium under pressure is mixed with the stream of heated fluid under pressure is supplied to the furnace chamber fan, and you can get the adjustable cooling and variable. If the fan runs with speed below a certain limit, the supply channel is essentially closed to flow and, accordingly, the flow of cold fluid under pressure from a cold zone under the lower insulating plot overlap. That is, the pressure difference between the area under the lower insulating section and the channel above the lower insulating section is too small to create sufficient suction action, in which the working medium under pressure must be supplied through a supply channel. Under these conditions supported the steady state and the circulation of the stream of heated fluid under pressure through the combustion chamber without the addition of cold flow of the working medium under pressure. On the other hand, if the fan runs with speed above a certain limit, it creates a higher pressure drop, which, in turn, increases the flow of the working �Reda under pressure through a supply channel. Accordingly, the flow of cold fluid under pressure is created in addition to the stream of heated fluid under pressure. Consequently, during operation of the fan with different numbers of revolutions above a certain limit number of revolutions is possible to regulate the amount of cold fluid under pressure supplied to the inlet of the fan when cooling, and thus regulation of the cooling rate. Additionally, if steady state is necessary, it is possible to interrupt or close the supply of fluid under pressure, what you get for exploiting fan with speed below a certain limit number of revolutions. Some limit the number of turns, where the condition for the steady state goes into a state of cooling, is determined by several parameters. The exhaustive list includes: - The density difference between the working medium under pressure over the lower insulating section and the working pressure medium in the space below the bottom insulating section. - The location of the supply channel and its release in the radial and vertical direction relative to - fan; channel between the lower insulating section and combustion chamber; - inlet of the guide channel between a heat-insulating section and the housing an insulation�youseo of the casing; and/or - the upper surface of the lower insulating phase. - Dimensions of the supply channel, in particular the diameter of the supply channel. - The number of supply channels. According to variants of implementation of the present invention, which can be combined with one or more other variants of implementation, described herein, the fan is made so that the work with the number of revolutions below the certain limit number of revolutions leads to the overlapping of the cold flow of the working medium under pressure. According to variants of implementation of the present invention, which can be combined with one or more other variants of implementation, described herein, the fan is made so that the work with changeable speed above a certain limit number of revolutions results in a variable flow of cold fluid under pressure to the inlet of the fan. In embodiments of the present invention, which can be combined with one or more other variants of implementation, described herein, at least one supply duct is formed with such dimensions that, in essence, a fan and said at least one supply channel work together to obtain essentially shut off the flow of fluid under pressure� variable flow of cold fluid under pressure. According to variants of implementation of the present invention, which can be combined with one or more other variants of implementation, described herein, said at least one supply channel is made with the release of disposed radially and vertically at a distance relative to the fan so that the fan and said at least one supply channel work together to obtain essentially shut off the flow of cold fluid under pressure and variable flow of cold fluid under pressure. In embodiments of the present invention, which can be combined with one or more other variants of the implementation described in this document, the edition of the specified at least one feed channel is located radially and vertically at a distance from the inlet of the guide channel in a thermally insulated housing so that said at least one feed channel and the inlet of the guide channel are working together to obtain essentially shut off the flow of cold fluid under pressure and variable flow of cold fluid under pressure. According to variants of implementation of the present invention, which can be combined with one or more other variants of implementation, description�prisoners who had been in this document said at least one feed channel is at least one pipe located in the lower insulating section radially away from the fan, and wherein the release tube is in connection with the channel above the lower insulating section. In embodiments of the present invention, which can be combined with one or more other variants of the implementation described in this document, the specified at least one pipe is arranged to pass into the channel so that the output is at a distance from the bottom of the insulating section. According to variants of implementation of the present invention, which can be combined with one or more other variants of implementation, described herein, said at least one feed channel is located so that the release is in conjunction with a Central channel for supplying fluid under pressure to the fan. In embodiments of the present invention, which can be combined with one or more other variants of the implementation described in this document, reference is made to the means for bearing the load compartment in a furnace chamber so that the working medium under pressure is provided to the flow in the channel above the lower insulating section. Coz�ACLs modalities of implementation of the present invention, which can be combined with one or more other variants of implementation, described herein, the supporting means is provided with through holes adapted to allow passage of the working medium under pressure into the channel above the lower insulating section. In embodiments of the present invention, which can be combined with one or more other variants of the implementation described in this document, the supply channel is provided with a valve. Other objectives, features and advantages of the present invention should become clear from the following detailed description with the accompanying dependent claims and from the accompanying drawings. Brief description of the drawings Various aspects of the invention, including its particular features and advantages will become better understood from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. In all figures the same reference positions indicated similar elements or features of embodiments of the present invention. Additionally, the reference position for symmetrical parts, elements or signs indicated in the figures only once. In the drawings: Fig.1 schematically shows a side view of the press device according to the embodiment of the infusion�of his invention. Fig.2 schematically shows a side view of the press device according to Fig.1 during a steady-state mode. Fig.3 schematically shows a side view of the press device according to Fig.1 during a state of cooling. Fig.4 schematically shows a detail of the pressing device according to the present invention. Fig.5 schematically shows a side view of the press device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Fig.6 schematically shows a side view of the press device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Fig.7 schematically shows a side view of the press device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Fig.8 schematically shows a side view of the press device according to an additional embodiment of the present invention. Detailed description of embodiments of Below is a description are given as examples of embodiments of the present invention. This description is only for explanation and is not limiting. It should be noted that the drawings are schematic and that the pressing device of the described embodiments may include the features and elements, for simplicity not shown in the drawings. Options be implemented thr�of the pressing device according to the present invention can be used for the treatment of products, made of various possible materials, pressing, in particular hot isostatic pressing. Fig.1 shows the pressing device 100 according to the embodiment of the invention. The pressing device 100 that is designed for pressing products, comprises a chamber 1 of a high pressure, with means (not shown), such as one or more ports, intakes and discharge outlets for supply and release of fluid under pressure. Working medium under pressure can be a liquid or gaseous medium with a low chemical affinity for products to be processed. Camera 1 high pressure includes a combustion chamber 18 that contains a furnace (or heater) 36, or heating elements for heating the working medium under pressure in the state machine loop. The furnace 36 may, as shown, for example, Fig.1, be located in the lower part of the furnace chamber 18 or may be located on the sides of the furnace chamber 18. Specialist in the art it should be clear that it is also possible the combination of the heating elements at the sides with heating elements in the bottom for receiving the furnace, located on the sides and in the lower part of the furnace. It is clear that any embodiment of a furnace installation heating elements, known�wide in the technique, can be used in embodiments shown in this document. It should be noted that the term "furnace" refers to the means for heating, and the term "combustion chamber" refers to the extent to which loading and furnace are located. Combustion chamber 18 is not the entire camera 1 high pressure, but remains in the guide channel 10 around it. During normal operation of the press device 100 guide channel 10 is usually cooler combustion chamber 18, but has equal pressures. Combustion chamber 18 further includes a feed section 19 for receiving and retaining articles 5 to be processed. Feed section 19 rests on the supporting means 44, and the supporting means, for example, is several elements in the form of blocks or annular element is provided with through holes 45 to allow passage of hot fluid under pressure to circulate in the combustion chamber 18. Combustion chamber 18 is surrounded by an insulated casing 3. Insulated casing 3 contains a heat insulating portion 7 and the casing 2, made around the insulating portion 7, which thermally isolate the internal volume of the chamber 1 high pressure to reduce heat loss. The first wire guide 10 is made between the outer walls of the chamber 1 high pressure casing 2. PE�first guide channel 10 is used to direct fluid under pressure from the top of the chamber 1 high pressure to the lower portion thereof. In addition, the second guide channel 11 is formed between the housing 2 of the furnace chamber 18 and the insulating portion 7 of the furnace chamber 18. The second guide channel 11 is used to direct fluid under pressure to the top of the high pressure chamber. The second wire guide 11 is provided with one or more inlets 14 for supplying fluid under pressure to the channel, and a hole 13 at the top of the high pressure chamber to allow passage of the working medium under pressure into the first guide channel 10. The inlets 14 are preferably located below the upper edge of the lower insulating area 6. Thus the outer contour of convection formed the first and second guide channels 10, 11, and at the bottom under the lower insulating area 6 of the camera 1 high pressure. A fan 30 having an adjustable number of revolutions, is mounted on the lower end of the combustion chamber 18 to circulate the working medium under pressure in the combustion chamber 18. Through the operation of the fan 30, the inner convection loop can be improved, whereby the flow of fluid under pressure to the internal contour of the convection passes through the channel 16 up through the load compartment 19 and down along the peripheral area 12 of the furnace chamber 18. As described in detail below, an additional supply of cold fluid under d�the pressure in the combustion chamber 18 from the area under the lower part of the casing 3 can be obtained by using the fan 30 with a speed above a certain limit. The lower housing 3 includes a bottom insulating section 6. The lower insulating section 6 may be provided with a Central channel 37 for supplying fluid under pressure to the fan 30 and then into the combustion chamber 18. In addition, the outer wall of the chamber 1 high pressure may be provided with channels or pipes (not shown), which may be connected to the refrigerant for cooling. In this way, the wall of the chamber can be cooled for protection against the harmful heat. The coolant is preferably water, but other refrigerants also assumed. The flow of refrigerant is indicated on Fig.1 by the arrows outside the high pressure chamber. Although not shown in the figures, the camera 1 high pressure can be opened, so that the products in the chamber 1 high pressure can be removed. This can be done several different ways, known to those skilled in the art. In addition, at least one supply pipe or channel 40 is made to ensure the supply of cold fluid under pressure to the inlet or to the input 39 of the fan 30 from a cold zone 42 near the lower insulating section 6 using the density difference between the working medium under pressure in the cold zone 42 and the working pressure medium channel 16. The amount of cold fluid under pressure supplied from the cold zone the fan 30, can be adjusted by adjusting the number of revolutions of the fan 30. At low rpm, below the certain limit number of revolutions, the cold flow of the working medium under pressure through a supply channel 40 is blocked, and therefore, the cold working medium under pressure is not supplied to the fan 30 from a cold zone 42 through the channel 40. This is due to the relatively low excess of dilution on issue 41 of the pipe 40. That is, the vacuum is too low to create sufficient suction action, which ought to make out or pulling the working environment under pressure from a cold zone 42 upward through the pipe 40 and then to the fan 30. At a certain number of revolutions of the fan 30, the working medium under pressure from a cold zone 42 begins to flow from the pipe to the inlet 39 of the fan 30. Given some number of revolutions depends, among other things, on the density difference between the working pressure medium flowing into the channel 16 and the working environment under pressure in the zone 42, a specific radial location of the tube 40 relative to the fan 30 (this fan 30 is preferably located on the Central axis CA of the camera 1 high-pressure), when the pipe 40 is arranged in the lower insulating area 6, and the structural design of the pipe 40, which includes, for example, the diameter of the pipe�s and a release position 41 of the pipe 40 relative to the lower insulating section 6 and for the issue 14. Given some number of revolutions is defined as the limit of the number of revolutions of the fan 30. Therefore, if the fan 30 operates at a limit or a higher number of revolutions, the cooling may be obtained with additional cold working medium under pressure, which is fed or drawn through the pipe 40 and then to the fan 30 from a cold zone 42, which, in turn, is achieved by mixing cold working medium under pressure and the flow of hot fluid under pressure. The mixed stream is fed to the furnace chamber 18 (described below and shown in Fig.3) and produces cooling. In a variant implementation, shown in Fig.1, the supply pipe 40 is arranged in the lower insulating section 6 for flow or direction of cold fluid under pressure from a cold zone 42, where the working medium under pressure can have an approximate temperature of 60-180°C, the inlet or entry of the fan 30, which is located in the combustion chamber 18, where the working medium under pressure can have an approximate temperature of 1200°C. Fig.5-8 show additional embodiments of the present invention, having different locations and devices supply pipe. These implementation options are discussed below. The work is given as an example of a pressing device�and according to the present invention described below in General, with reference to Fig.2 and 3. As described below, the loop can contain multiple conditions, such as the load state, the state of pressing and/or heating, cooling condition, in which according to the present invention, the cooling rate can be adjusted by adjusting the number of revolutions of the fan 30 to change the flow of the cold fluid under pressure in the combustion chamber 18, and the upload status. First, the camera 1 high pressure is opened so that access is provided to the furnace chamber 18 and the feed section 19. This can be done several different ways, known in the prior art, additional description is not required for understanding the principles of the invention. The products are then subject to compression, set in the feed section 19 of the chamber 1 and a high pressure close. When the products are installed in the boot compartment 19 camera 1 high pressure, the working medium under pressure is supplied to the chamber 1 of a high pressure, for example, with a compressor, storage tank high pressure (pressure hoses), cryogenic pump or etc. Supply of fluid under pressure in chamber 1 high pressure continues until the desired pressure inside the chamber 1 high pressure. During or after supplying fluid under Yes�leniem in chamber 1 of a high pressure furnace (heating elements) 36 of the combustion chamber 18 is turned on (enabled) and the temperature inside the load compartment increases. If necessary, the supply of fluid under pressure continues and the pressure is increased to obtain a pressure below the pressure required for the pressing process, and the temperature below the required temperature for pressing. Then, the pressure increases to the end with increase of temperature in the combustion chamber 18, so that is achieved the required level of pressure. Alternatively, the necessary temperature and pressure are achieved at the same time, or the necessary pressure is achieved after reaching the required temperature. Specialist in the art should be understood that any suitable method known in the prior art, can be used to achieve the desired pressure and temperature of pressing. For example, it is possible to align the pressure in the high pressure chamber and the feed pressure and then further pressurized to high pressure by compressors, and simultaneous additional heating of the working medium under pressure. The inner convection loop can be activated by means of a fan 30 that is installed in the combustion chamber 18, to obtain a uniform temperature distribution. According to variants of the implementation described in this document, you need a higher pressure of approximately 200 bar (20 MPa), and the required temperatures� above approximately 400°C, for example, about 1200°C. After a specified period of time in which temperature and pressure are maintained, i.e. the actual state of compaction, the temperature of the working medium under pressure should decrease, i.e., cooling is initiated, as described below. The working environment under pressure used during the state of the line, maybe when the temperature is sufficiently reduced in the cooling state, produced from camera 1 high pressure. For some working environments under pressure may be expedient release of fluid under pressure to the tank or etc. for reuse. After decompression chamber 1 high pressure is opened so that the extruded product 5 can be unloaded from the boot compartment 19. Fig.2 and 3 is shown and described in more detail below, the condition for the steady state and cooling condition. The following review refers to the embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig.1. Also, the terms "hot" or "heated" and "cold" should be interpreted in relation to the average temperature of the working medium under pressure in the high pressure chamber. Additionally, the arrows indicate the direction of flow of the working medium under pressure. Fig.2 the arrows show the direction of flow of working medium under pressure�m during the steady state. As you can see, working environment, under pressure, passed down through the peripheral area 12 of the furnace chamber 18 and through the channel 10, is a 16 channel above the lower insulating section 6 and receives additional circulation in the combustion chamber 18 by means of the fan 30 or passes through the inlet 14 into the channel 11. Working medium under pressure in the zone 42 is cold and may have an approximate temperature of 60-180°C and the working pressure medium flowing into the channel 16, is heated and may have an approximate temperature of 1200°C, which gives a significant density difference between the working medium under pressure in these two areas. During the steady state mode, the fan 30 operates with a speed below the limit speed, discussed above, and, accordingly, further cold working medium under pressure is not supplied to the fan 30 via the supply channel 40 from a cold zone 42. This can be achieved by a high constancy of temperature in the furnace 18. Fig.3 shows the state of cooling, where cold working medium under pressure is supplied from a cold zone 42 for mixing with the stream of heated fluid under pressure to obtain cooling. By regulating the number of revolutions of the fan 30 or speed above a certain limit number of revolutions of the supply of cold working with�food under pressure can be accurately adjusted. It is possible to obtain the necessary cooling rate, for example, the product 5. Assuming some set of parameters discussed above that affect a certain limit speed, the cooling rate can be precisely adjusted by changing the number of revolutions of the fan and, in turn, the amount of cold fluid under pressure supplied to the furnace chamber 18. As shown in Fig.3, fluid under pressure passes down through the peripheral area 12 of the furnace chamber 18 and through the channel 10, is a 16 channel above the lower insulating section 6, and further exercised its circulation in the combustion chamber 18 by means of the fan 30 and the passage through the inlet 14 into the channel 11. Working medium under pressure in the zone 42 has a low temperature, for example, the approximate temperature of 60-180°C and the working pressure medium flowing into the channel 16 is heated, for example, having an approximate temperature of 1200°C. the working medium under pressure in the zone 42 near the lower insulating section 6 has a significantly higher density than the working medium under pressure in the channel 16 above the lower insulating area 6, for example about 3 times higher. There must be sufficient pressure differential between the zone 42 and channel 16 on issue 41 for creating a flow of working medium under pressure through the pipe 40 into the channel 16 in addition to the fan 30. Below is an example of the required dilution on issue 41 with reference to Fig.4, which shows the magnification of a view of the parts of the press device 100 according to Fig.1-3. If the static pressure in the combustion chamber is about 1000 bar (100 MPa) and the working medium under pressure in the channel 16 has a temperature of about 1100°C, working medium under pressure flowing into the channel 16 should have a density of about 282 kg/m3. Additionally, if the working medium under pressure in the cold zone 42 has a temperature of about 150°, the density should be about 742 kg/m3. In this example embodiment of the distance x between output 41 of the pipe 40 and inlet 14 is 250 mm. Therefore, the differential pressure required to initiate flow of working medium under pressure through the pipe 40 should be about 11 mbar or PA 1128. The pressure drop can be influenced by the increase of the distance between output 41 of the pipe 40 and inlet 16, i.e. the increase of the distance x. That is some top speed should be higher, causing that the fan 30 can operate at higher rpm without initiating an action improved cooling generated by cold working pressure medium passing through the pipe 40 and mixed with the heated working medium under pressure flowing into the channel 16. Fig.5-8 shows the complete� - to-date options of implementing the present invention, considered below. The same reference positions are used in Fig.5-8 for the corresponding features or portions of the high pressure chamber shown in Fig.1. Additionally, the description of data characteristics or plots below is not given. Initially considered is shown in Fig.5 embodiment of the press device 110, where the supply pipe 50 is located in the wall of the Central channel 37' is lower insulating section 116. Supply pipe 50 is located in the Central channel 37' in the section under the lower insulating section 116 so that the output 51 of the supply pipe 50 is located in the Central channel 37'. Cold working medium under pressure may be fed from a cold zone 42 to the fan 30 for mixing with the flow of fluid under pressure from the pipe 16 through the Central channel 37' by adjusting the number of revolutions of the fan 30 in the appropriate manner described above. Similarly, as described above, when the fan 30 with speed below a certain limit number of revolutions for a given concrete embodiment in the conditions of constant temperature and pressure can be maintained in the steady state mode. Discussed below is shown in Fig.6, another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the pressing device�VA 120 camera 1 high pressure includes a lower insulating section, equipped with two supply pipes 60a and 60b. Supply pipes 60a and 60b are located in the lower insulating section 126 so that their respective releases 61A and 61b are disposed in the channel 16. By adjusting the number of revolutions of the fan 30, the inflow of cold fluid under pressure from a cold zone 42 into the channel 16 through the pipes 60a and 60b and then to the fan 30 for mixing with the stream of heated fluid under pressure from the channel 16 can be adjusted in the appropriate manner described above. Fig.7 shows an additional embodiment of the present invention, which are described below. In this embodiment, the pressing device 130 camera 1 high pressure includes a lower insulating section 136, is provided with one supply pipe 70. Supply pipe 70 is arranged in the lower insulating section 136 so that the output 71 is located in the channel 16. However, in this embodiment of the pipe 70 is advanced into the channel 16, and edition 71 should therefore be located at a distance from the lower insulating section 136. By adjusting the number of revolutions of the fan 30, the inflow of cold fluid under pressure from a cold zone 42 into the channel 16 through the pipes 60a and 60b and an additional fan 30 for mixing with the stream of heated fluid under pressure from the channel 16 can be adjusted corresponding�brilliant way described above. Fig.8 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which are described below. In this embodiment, the pressing device 140 camera 1 high pressure includes a lower insulating section 146, is provided with one supply pipe 80, located in the lower insulating section 146 so that the output 81 is located in the channel 16. Supply pipe 80 is provided with a valve 85 to the inlet 84. When the valve 85 is open, this variant implementation of the present invention is to function as a variant of the implementation described above and shown in Fig.1. However, the valve 85 provides instant throttling of the supply pipe 80 in the state of cooling, i.e. in the state where the fan 30 operates with a speed above a certain limit number of revolutions, so that the cold working medium under pressure through the supply pipe 80 and is mixed with the working medium under pressure passing through the channel 16 above the lower insulating section 146. It is possible, for example, the regulation of the mixing ratio of cold and hot fluid under pressure very accurately by using the opening/closing valve 85. Although the present description and drawings disclose embodiments of, and examples, including component selection, materials, temperatureindependent, pressure ranges, etc., the invention is not limited to these specific examples. Numerous modifications and changes can be performed without departing from the scope of the present invention defined by the attached claims. 1. The pressing device(100; 110; 120; 130; 140) for hot pressing, comprising: 2. The pressing device according to claim 1, wherein the fan (30) is designed so that when the speed is below the limit rpm provides essentially the cessation of the supply of cold fluid under pressure. 3. The pressing device according to claim 2, wherein the fan (30) is provided with the software when working with variable speed exceeding limit speed, passing a variable flow of cold fluid under pressure through said at least one supply channel (40; 50; 60a, 60b; 70; 80) to the inlet (39) of the fan (30), with the ability to change the number of the cold fluid under pressure supplied to the furnace chamber (18. 4. The pressing device according to claim 1, wherein at least one supply channel (40; 50; 60a, 60b; 70; 80) is made of such size that the fan (30) and said at least one supply channel (40; 50; 60a, 60b; 70; 80) jointly manage getting essentially blocked the flow of cold fluid under pressure and variable flow of cold fluid under pressure. 5. Press device according to claim 1 in which the release (41; 51; 61a, 61b; 71; 81) of at least one supply channel (40; 50; 60a, 60b; 70; 80) location�wives radially and vertically at a distance from the inlet (14) of the guide channel (11) in a thermally insulated casing (3) so, that said at least one supply channel (40; 50; 60a, 60b; 70; 80) and the inlet (14) of the guide channel jointly obtaining essentially blocked the flow of cold fluid under pressure and variable flow of cold fluid under pressure. 6. The pressing device according to claim 1, wherein said at least one supply channel (40; 60a, 60b; 70; 80) is at least one pipe (40; 60a, 60b; 70; 80) located in the lower insulating portion (6; 126; 136; 146) radially spaced from the Central axis of the fan (30), with the corresponding release (41; 61a, 61b; 71; 81) of the pipe (40; 60a, 60b; 70; 80) located in the connection channel (16) above the lower insulating section(6; 126; 136; 146). 7. Press device according to claim 6, wherein the specified at least one pipe (70) is arranged to pass into the channel (16) so that the corresponding output (71) is located at a distance from the lower insulating portion (136). 8. The pressing device according to claim 1, wherein at least one supply channel (50) is positioned so that its corresponding output (51) is connected to the Central channel (37'). 9. Press device according to claim 1 in which the abutment means (44) for maintaining the boot compartment (19) in the combustion chamber (18) so that ensured the passage of the working medium under pressure into the channel (16) below the bottom insulating portion (6; 11 126; 136; 146). 10. The pressing device according to claim 9, in which the abutment means (44) is provided with through holes adapted to allow passage of the working medium under pressure into the channel (16) above the lower insulating section(6; 11; 126; 136; 146). 11. The pressing device according to claim 1, wherein the supply channel (80) is provided with a valve (85). 12. Method of hot pressing products with use of a pressing device(100; 110; 120; 130; 140; 150) for hot pressing, comprising:
|