Caisson of pyrometallurgical aggregate of bubble type |
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IPC classes for russian patent Caisson of pyrometallurgical aggregate of bubble type (RU 2409795):
 Electric arc furnace / 2398166
In process of operation a bath of melt metal (28) is formed in electric arc furnace (10) with minimum and maximum working levels. At the section (34) between minimum and maximum working levels a ring is attached to external jacket (12), and ring is made of relatively thick copper panels (20, 20'), having thickness of at least 20 mm, being in heat conducting contact with inner fire-resistant lining (24) at section (34) between minimum and maximum working levels and covering back cooling windows (39), arranged in external jacket (12). At the same time specified copper panels (20, 20') are provided with facilities of sprayed cooling.
 Melting furnace / 2394196
Melting furnace consists of case with sole, upper side part and lining, of jacket, of sole part cooling system and of furnace upper part cooling system. The furnace upper part cooling system is made as circular-form pipe positioned at an upper edge of the jacket around its external surface. Branches for drain of fluid, directed onto surface of the jacket between vertical ribs of the upper part of the jacket, are uniformly distributed on the pipe. The upper part of the jacket is separated from the jacket of the sole part with a ledge of box shape connected with pipes for fluid drain. The cooling system of the sole part is made as a funnel-like reservoir enveloping the bottom and a lower part of the side wall of the sole with a gap and connected with installation for supply of gaseous medium. The circular-shape pipe of the furnace upper part cooling system is joined to a fluid cooling station.
 Method to cool melting unit and melting unit to this end / 2383837
Invention relates to metallurgy and to processing solid industrial wastes. Proposed method comprises cooling the melting chamber housing by intermediate fluid-metal heat carrier, said housing being made as a two-wall metal shell with sealed space, and cooling said intermediate heat carrier by secondary gaseous heat carrier that flows through heat exchanger. Cold gaseous heat carrier is fed with flow rate of 0.05 to 0.50 nm3/s per 1 m2. Melting unit comprises melting chamber with hollow metal housing filled with intermediate fluid-metal heat carrier, i.e. sodium, heat exchanger, refractory lining, systems of burden loading, heating and melting, those of separate discharge of metal and slag, heat recovery and furnace gas purification. Heat exchanger is arranged directly on melting chamber housing. Heat exchanger shell represents a tight metal cylinder or its part with branch pipes to feed secondary gaseous heat carrier that envelopes melting chamber. Outer wall of the latter makes heat exchanger inner shell and stays at the distance of 50 to 300 mm from melting chamber wall along diametre. Bent copper bars are arranged between melting chamber outer wall and heat exchanger outer shell at 3 to 300 mm from each other.
 Refrigeratory plate of metallurgical aggregate / 2354709
Cooling plate contains galleries for cooling medium circulation, which are in cross section allows prolate form with major diametre, parallel to plate effective area, and are located with shift to its effective area. Distance between the channels longitudinal axis and effective area of cooling plate is from 1.25 up to 1.75 minor dimension of the channel. Distance between adjacent channels is from 1.25 up to 1.75 of channel major dimension. Ratio of channel minor dimension to channel major dimension is from 1:4 up to 1:6.
 Method of fabrication of cooling plate and cooling plate fabricated by this method / 2338790
Method includes fabrication of metal case of plate with front and back surfaces and at least with one channel running through plate case under front surface. A metal tube is installed in the channel, the said tube has a radial gap; at that both ends of the tube project out of the channel. Further the tube is fit by pressing in the said channel by means of pressure treatment of plate metal case.
 Apparatus for cooling shafts of metallurgical furnaces / 2299388
Cooling apparatus includes plate having protrusions on its working surface and cooling system. Distance from working surface plate till nearest surface of duct of cooling system consists of 0.07 - 0.60 of plate thickness. Total surface area of bases of all protrusions consists of no more than 0.95 of surface area of working surface with protrusions. Lateral walls of protrusions are inclined by angle 10 - 170° relative to working surface of plate.
 Cooling member for cooling metallurgical furnace / 2281974
Proposed cooling member for cooling the metallurgical furnace having casing on side directed inside furnace is lined with refractory material; it has cooled part and hot part cooled down due to heat exchange. For quick forming of protective layer (skull) during operation for further prevention of erosion of refractory material, it is good practice to make hot part in form of thin plate to which separate cooled part made in form of pipe is connected. Provision is also made for cooling system and melting furnace including the cooling member.
 Cooling device / 2259529
Cooling device comprises pipe mould in the cast made of electrolytic copper deoxidized and melted in the inert fluid during casting to produce an alloy of high copper concentration.
 Electric arc melting furnace and method of operation of such furnace / 2246669
Lower part of electric arc melting furnace and/or resistance melting furnaces is surrounded with bowl-shaped jacket for cooling this part; cooling medium flows in intermediate space in direct contact with outer wall of furnace. Provision is made for one delivery hole and one drain hole. Transportation of cooling medium is effected due to convection and/or by means of pump or air blower.
 Copper cooling plate for metallurgical furnaces / 2245372
Proposed copper cooling plate is located between furnace armor plate and refractory lining and is provided with coolant supply and discharge pipes running through armor plate; they are welded to armor plate; copper cooling plate is connected with furnace armor plate at close joint by means of one fastening member welded to furnace plate which forms fixed point. Plate is additionally connected with furnace armor plate by means of at least one fastening member forming movable point. Use of proposed cooling plate excludes compensators.
 Furnace for smelting materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous materials and high-melting formations in liquid bath / 2401964
Furnace consists of caisson shaft divided with cross partition into melting and reducing chambers equipped with low and upper tuyeres, of sole, of siphon for accumulation and tapping metal and slag via corresponding channels with orifice in lower part of end wall, of device for loading charge and solid materials into melting and reducing chambers and of pipe for fume extraction. The siphon is equipped with at least one bushing for insertion and transfer of an electrode in it, with a block for electrode manipulation, with a power source, and with a block of control-measuring facilities and automation. Also an upper part of the electrode is connected to the power source and to the block of control and measuring facilities and automation; the output of the latter is coupled with an input of the manipulation block ensuring vertical reciprocal motion of the electrode via its drive and its deviation from vertical axis.
 Furnace for continuous refining of magnesium / 2400685
Furnace consists of lined jacket with electrodes, and of bell installed inside with charge chamber and central vertical channel, with vertical webbing, overflow channels and bottom between two of ribs and two branches with removable funnels. An orifice of diameter bigger, than diameter of a charging branch and of cross section less, than cross section of the overflow channels in vertical ribs near the charging branch is made in the bottom under the charging branch. The removable charging funnel is ended with a cup-like guide of flow at depth of 0.1-0.5 of height of the bell from its top. Also diameter of the guide is 30-80 mm bigger, than diameter of the end of the charging funnel. Working electrolyte of electrolytic cells is used as heating salt.
 Melting furnace / 2399003
Furnace consists of case with installed therein melting section equipped with facility for charge supply and burner and electro-thermal section divided from melting section with partition not reaching hearth; also melting section is equipped with electrodes, electric holders, devices for metal and slag tapping and with gas duct. A lower edge of the partition is positioned above the level of the slag tapping device thereby forming a gas-overflow port of alternate cross section with the level of melt. The metal tapping device is equipped with a well communicated with an overflow zone of the partition via a channel. Section of the port is chosen according to specified ratio of furnace width to inter-axis distance between electrodes. The charge supply facility has a chute superposed on a stepped hearth with incline to a partition side.
 Procedure for refinement of zinc containing raw material from impurity metal oxides and impurity metals; furnace for implementation of this procedure / 2389809
Procedure consists in charging zinc containing raw material together with additive of metal aluminium at amount of 0.02-0.05 % of weight of zinc containing raw material into stand of salts melt of composition wt %: NaCl - 56-59, NaF - 22-23, KCl - 11, Na2B4O7 - 4-6, B2O3 - 3-5 at temperature 600-700°C. The furnace consists of a shell made out of refractory steel. A ceramic branch is used for draining refined melt of zinc into pans. The ceramic branch is also used for emptying the furnace of zinc and salts melt during maintenance repairs and emergencies. The bottom of the furnace is lined with refractory non-metallic materials. The shell of a crucible on internal surface is also lined with refractory non-metallic materials at height from the bottom of the furnace up to 500-600 mm; a layer of refractory glue is applied at the joint point of refractory non-metallic lining with internal surface of the shell.
 Duplex-furnace for smelting of manganese alloys from ferrimanganese bases and concentrates and anthropogenic wastes of metallurgy / 2380633
In arch of siphon there are implemented openings or windows for loading of carbon-bearing materials, partition with bottom window or windows for flow of melted slag into siphon is implemented in the form of common end wall for liquid-phase smelting shaft and siphon with electrode(s) and allows window or windows for fume extraction from under arch of siphon, located on level not higher than horizontal axis of top row of tuyeres of liquid-phase smelting shaft, siphon is outfitted by solid transverse partition, installed in its bottom part parallel to common end wall for liquid-phase smelting shaft and siphon at a distance enough for flow of required volume of slag melt from liquid-phase smelting shaft on surface of heated layer of carbon-bearing material, herewith solid transverse partition fully separates siphon from liquid-phase smelting shaft, and its top edge is located higher than horizontal axis of bottom row of tuyeres of liquid-phase smelting shaft.
 Device for gas-thermal oxidation of objects made from titanium and titanium-containing alloys / 2369663
Invention relates to equipment for passivation of metal surfaces, more specifically to devices for gas-thermal oxidation of objects made from titanium and titanium-containing alloys. The device has an oxidation chamber, fitted with a cooling system and a heating system, a unit for feeding gaseous mixture into the oxidation chamber, a unit for outlet of gaseous mixture from the chamber, a chamber for cooling oxidised objects, which has a unit for flowing cooling inert gas medium in and out. The cooling chamber is joined to the oxidation chamber through a rotary valve, made with two hemispherical gates, which can open and close the opening in the rotary valve for joining or separating both chambers.
 Control method of level of top surface of slaggy phase and boundary of slaggy and metallic phase of melt in lift tube tank of iron-and-steel furnace by vanukov or romelt / 2368853
Invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy field. According to method it is implemented voltage feeding to electroconductive refractory rods, used for slag heating and setting adjusting of current value. It is displaced rod and implemented continuous measurement and comparison of current value through rod with setting. At equality of measured value of current to setting value it is fixed top surface of slaggy or metallic phase of melt in tank of iron-and-steel furnace. In the capacity of electroconductive refractory rod it is used graphitic rod or electrode, used for electroarc heating of melt in tank of iron-and-steel furnace. After achievement of equality of current setting to corresponding measured current values it is checked equality to zero of the first current derivative.
 Plant for object survey under high temperatures / 2367934
Invention is related to testing of objects, comprising explosive and toxic substances, for various thermal effects. Plant comprises working chamber with loading window arranged with the possibility of its overlapping, the following components installed inside chamber - device for fixation of object and at least one fuel header with vortex nozzles, device for fuel supply, tube connected with its one end to fuel supply device, and with the other end - to header, ignition device, additionally, at least one tray installed under header, and at least one pair of additional devices for fuel supply and ignition, every of which is installed at a preset distance from working chamber and is connected accordingly by the first and second additional tubes to tray. On the second additional pipe, upstream ignition device, pipe cooling device is installed.
 Dehydration method of carnallite raw materials and device for its implementation / 2359911
Group of invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, particularly to method and device for preparation of carnallite raw materials to the process of electrolytic magnesium recieving. According to the method carnallite raw materials are loaded and dehydrated in the furnace by fuel gas, dehydrated carnallite is separated in dust cyclone from withdrawn gas and fed into the melting cyclone, where it is heated by fuel gas, received in burner by means of chlorine burning in natural gas, it is melted and heated up to the temperature 700-800°C. After overheating mixture of fuel gas and molten waterless carnallite is fed simultaneously in the melt collector, where gas is separated from the melt by means of collision with partition and fed into the furnace to dehydration stage, and waterless carnallite is discharged. Unit includes furnace with nozzles for loading of raw materials and gas mixture withdrawal with waterless carnallite, with nozzle for feeding of fuel gas, dust cyclone, connected to the furnace by gas pipe, melting cyclone, connected by pipeline to dust cyclone and melt pipe with melt collecto, outfitted by burner for burning of chlorine, collector of the melt with discharge nozzle for melt. It is also outfitted by gas flue, connecting melt collector with furnace and outfitted by device for gas feeding additionally melt collector is implemented in the form of tank with partition and outfitted by additional nozzle, connected to gas pipe.
 Assemble for reprocessing of powdered lead- and zinc-containing raw materials / 2359188
Invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, mainly to devices for reprocessing of powdered lead- and zinc-containing raw materials, in which there can be copper and precious metals. Aggregate for reprocessing of powdered lead- and zinc-containing raw materials contains rectangular upright smelting chamber with burner facility, gas cooler stack, partition with water-cooled copper elements, separating smelting chamber from gas cooler stack, electric furnace, separated from the smelting chamber by partition with water-cooled copper elements, coffer chord, facilities for discharge of smelting products, bottom, herewith correlation of difference of level of bottom edges to distance from the smelting chamber crown to bottom edge of partition, separating electric furnace from the smelting chamber, is 0.15-0.29, and relation of distance from bottom edge of this partition up to bottom to difference of level of bottom edges is 1.25-2.10. On walls of gas cooler stack of aggregate there are installed not more than two tuyers on the level of bottom edge of partition, separating gas cooler stack from smelting chamber, with inclination into the side of bottom on-the-mitre to horizontal plane, specified by formula α=arctg(k-ΔH/B), where α - angle of tuyers slope; k - coefficient of angle of tuyers slope, equal to 1.11-1.25; ΔH - difference of level of bottom edges of partitions; B - inside width of gas cooler stack. At mounting of two tuyers they are located by one on each of opposite side walls of gas cooler stack with reflector displacement relative to its cross-axial section. Additionally each of it is located at a distance of cross-axial section of gas cooler stack, relation of which to inside length of gas cooler stack is 0.25-0.30.
 Furnace with inner heaters / 2246086
The melting cavity with heaters located in it, the heaters pass outside through the brickwork, where they are cooled for production of the conditions of melt crystallization inside the brickwork thus providing the furnace leak-proofness, the minimum thickness of the brickwork is determined by an empirical relation: dmin=a+b(Tf-Tmelt)/Tmeit+C[Theat/Tmelt-Theat)]2, where: dmin- the minimum wall thickness; Tf - the temperature of metal inside the furnace; Tmelt- the metal melting point; Theat- the temperature of the outside end faces of heaters; a, b, c - empirical coefficients equal to 10, 25 and 2,2 cm respectively.
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FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: caisson consists of plate out of heat conducting material with imbedded into it coil, and of connecting pipes for input and output of coolant. Ratio of total area of the coil of the caisson calculated by its external diametre (F1, m2) to area of the caisson (F2, m2) from flame side is F1: F2-0.90-2.2. The caisson can be made with an orifice for insertion of air tuyere into it. EFFECT: increased operational resistance and safety of caisson operation of row and tuyere caissons under forced mode of melting and at raised temperature of procees. 2 cl, 2 dwg, 1 tbl
The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular as protecting the device from which you dialed (mounted) tuyere caisson zone melting units with barotrauma slag melt used for the processing of sulfide ores and concentrates in furnaces Avenula (PV), as well as in furnaces burning solid fuel in Bartiromo slag melt (TSTR)established under the energy boiler. Widely known for shaft furnaces for the smelting of sulfide copper ores, concentrates and oxidized Nickel ores. The walls of the shaft furnace are collected from the water-cooled flat iron boxes - boxes. On the fire side of the caisson is formed crust (frozen layer of slag), which works as refractory materials. Caissons furnaces are welded box design of sheet steel with connections for inlet and outlet of cooling water. In such caissons working with differential circulating water 5-15°C, each liter of water (kg) maximum take 630 kJ of heat, and caissons, working on the principle (method) evaporative cooling, taken approximately 2550 kJ of heat (Nieden. Metallurgy of non-ferrous metals. M.: metallurgy, 1985, 440 S.). The disadvantages of these caissons are large metal consumption, reaching their production, great work on the production of El is trovarci works low life (not more than 2 years), and for caissons with evaporative cooling is only required expensive chemically treated water. Closest to the invention the technical nature of the achieved result is a caisson containing a plate of heat conducting material filled her coil fitting for inlet and outlet of the cooling agent (Wei, Wepbuster, Avetisov and other Autogenous processes in non-ferrous metallurgy, M.: metallurgy, 1991, s, ri, a). The disadvantage of this caisson is adopted the construction of the coil, which leads to the decrease of reliable, long-term and safe operation in the further intensification of technological process by increasing the melt temperature of over 1600°C due to the enrichment of the blast with oxygen to 70-80% vol., flow increase in the melt solid and gaseous coolant in the processing of refractory materials (oxidized Nickel ore, tungsten or molybdenum-containing raw materials and so on). During the crossing of the high-temperature technological mode dramatically increases the heat load on the tuyere and ordinary caissons, which during operation can lead to increased wear, and this is totally unacceptable for melting units bubbler type. The purpose of the invention is to improve the operational resistance R the bots caisson when forced modes by improving the design of the caisson. This is achieved by the fact that the caisson pyrometallurgical unit bubbler type, containing a plate of heat conducting material filled her coil fitting for inlet and outlet of the cooling agent, with the aim of improving the operational stability of the work of its coil is made with respect to the total area calculated by its outside diameter (F1) to the area of the caisson (F2with the firing hand, equal F1:F2=0,90÷2,2, where F1the flooded area of the coil in the body of the caisson, calculated on its outside diameter, m2; F2- the area of the caisson with the firing hand, m2, and tuyere caisson has a hole for the blowing lance. Figure 1 shows a longitudinal and a transverse incision member of the caisson, figure 2 - longitudinal and cross-section of the tuyere caisson. Member caisson (figure 1) consists of fitting 1 input refrigerant, the body of the casing 2, the coil 3 of the casing for circulation of refrigerant, 4 outer area of the coil in contact with the body of the casing, plates 5 rigidity of the coil fitting 6 of the outlet refrigerant of the slots 7 to hold the skull and the boss 8 for fastening the casing to the housing Assembly. Tuyere caisson (figure 2) consists of fitting 1 input refrigerant, the body of the casing 2, the coil 3 of the casing for circulation of refrigerant, tuyere openings 9, plate 5 as is dosti coil, fitting 6 output of the refrigerant, the boss of the ring 10 for mounting the lance to the body of the caisson and the boss 8 for fastening the casing to the housing Assembly. The difference (contrast) of the tuyere caisson (figure 2) from a member of the caisson (figure 1) is there tuyere hole for mounting therein a water-cooled part of the tuyere, working in the melt, the boss of the ring for fastening lance, tuyere boxes, equipped with a ball valve, and the location of the coil in the body of the caisson. Caissons member and tuyere work as follows. The refrigerant for cooling the body of the caisson 2 is fed under pressure through the nozzle 1 into the internal channel of the coil 3. Passing through the channel of the coil 3, the cooling agent reduces the most thermally demanding load on the firing surface of the casing 2, forming on its surface a layer of hardened crust that protects it from rapid wear, working as a high-temperature refractory materials. Supplied to the melt blowing (air, air enriched with oxygen in a mixture with a gaseous hydrocarbon fuel, and without it, etc) into the melt through the blast tuyere installed in the tuyere hole 9 (figure 2). By supplying air in the melt is intense boiling (bubbling)leading to an increase in the height of the melt in the 2.5-3.0 times compared with calm melt (without blowing the). Cooled refrigerant surface of the caissons is protected by a layer of crust, which is retained on the surface of the casing 2 through the slots 7. It should be noted that the cooling body of the casing and the formation on the surface of the crust is due to the high thermal conductivity of copper, which is molded integral. The decrease of the ratio (F1:F2) less 0,90 increases the heat load on the surface of the caisson, and the increase of the ratio (F1:F2) more than 2.2 is not advisable, since the distance between the coil pipes practically be reduced until their contact with each other, which practically reduces the mechanical strength of the caisson, which operation is not suitable. Two experimental caisson simultaneously tested in industrial conditions along with caissons-prototypes. Industrial research conducted within 60 days from the measurement of the parameters studied in 2 hours. 1670
Each parameter listed in the table is the average of Zn is rising, recruited for a decade (120 measurements). The caisson of the prototype and two caissons of the proposed design has remained unchanged four parameters: water consumption for cooling of the caissons, the total flow rate of air supplied into the bath melt, power stirring of the melt and the melt temperature (difference 6-13°C between the two neighboring values). Long-term monitoring of industrial furnaces name Avenula JSC "Norilsk Nickel" show that thermal load on the tuyere and ordinary caissons (F1:F2=0,80) when the temperature of the melt 1280-1340°C is 115000-118000 kcal/(m2h). Processing of refractory raw materials and an increase in the melt temperature of 1340°C to 1670°C increases thermal load to 196300 kcal/(m2h). Thus, the caissons-prototypes operate at the limit of its technical capabilities, which does not allow them to operate in long-term conditions. Analysis of industrial research, given in the table shows that thermal load of the caisson of the prototype with respect to F1:F2=0,80 above 72.2% compared to the caisson of the proposed design with respect to F1:F2=1.25 and on 102,1% higher than the caisson with respect to F1:F2=1,75. Thus, compared with the prototype of the proposed design of the caisson to provide the ensures safe and durable operation, what convincing arguments are the work of the caisson with respect to F1:F2=1,75. 1. The caisson pyrometallurgical unit bubbler type, containing a plate of heat conducting material filled her coil fittings for inlet and outlet of the cooling agent, characterized in that for improving the operational stability of the operation of the caisson its coil is made with respect to the total area calculated by its outside diameter (F1) to the area of the caisson (F2with fire sides are equal 2. The caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a hole for the blast tuyere.
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