Procedure for thermal treatment of solid domestic and industrial waste |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
IPC classes for russian patent Procedure for thermal treatment of solid domestic and industrial waste (RU 2424334):
 Process furnace or similar equipment / 2421544
Furnace has an outer cover, a reaction chamber inside the cover, a heating system and a system for circulating the reagent gas. The outer cover of the furnace and the reaction chamber bound a first volume between the inner side of the cover of the furnace and the outer side of the reaction chamber and a second volume inside the reaction chamber. The first volume is divided into a first part which forms the heating zone which accommodates the heating system and a second part in which the reagent gas is present. The heating zone is hermetically insulated from the second part. The furnace also has a system for circulating inert gas which is made and placed with possibility of feeding inert gas into the heating zone at a rate which provides positive differential pressure relative the pressure of the reagent gas inside the second part of the first volume in which the reagent gas is present in order to prevent passage of the reagent gas into the heating zone.
 Device for metal-thermal reduction of pulp of galvanic production / 2419659
Device consists of cylinder case with cover equipped with internal refractory coating. Also, inside the case there is installed a graphite crucible in form of truncated cone facing the bottom with smaller base. An orifice in the base is closed with a pusher. Further, the device consists of a striking appliance. The device is equipped with a located in the cover branch for exhaust of volatile products of metal thermal reaction from a working reservoir into a neutralising installation and with a branch for blasting with compressed air.
 Caisson of pyrometallurgical aggregate of bubble type / 2409795
Caisson consists of plate out of heat conducting material with imbedded into it coil, and of connecting pipes for input and output of coolant. Ratio of total area of the coil of the caisson calculated by its external diametre (F1, m2) to area of the caisson (F2, m2) from flame side is F1: F2-0.90-2.2. The caisson can be made with an orifice for insertion of air tuyere into it.
 Furnace for smelting materials containing non-ferrous and ferrous materials and high-melting formations in liquid bath / 2401964
Furnace consists of caisson shaft divided with cross partition into melting and reducing chambers equipped with low and upper tuyeres, of sole, of siphon for accumulation and tapping metal and slag via corresponding channels with orifice in lower part of end wall, of device for loading charge and solid materials into melting and reducing chambers and of pipe for fume extraction. The siphon is equipped with at least one bushing for insertion and transfer of an electrode in it, with a block for electrode manipulation, with a power source, and with a block of control-measuring facilities and automation. Also an upper part of the electrode is connected to the power source and to the block of control and measuring facilities and automation; the output of the latter is coupled with an input of the manipulation block ensuring vertical reciprocal motion of the electrode via its drive and its deviation from vertical axis.
 Furnace for continuous refining of magnesium / 2400685
Furnace consists of lined jacket with electrodes, and of bell installed inside with charge chamber and central vertical channel, with vertical webbing, overflow channels and bottom between two of ribs and two branches with removable funnels. An orifice of diameter bigger, than diameter of a charging branch and of cross section less, than cross section of the overflow channels in vertical ribs near the charging branch is made in the bottom under the charging branch. The removable charging funnel is ended with a cup-like guide of flow at depth of 0.1-0.5 of height of the bell from its top. Also diameter of the guide is 30-80 mm bigger, than diameter of the end of the charging funnel. Working electrolyte of electrolytic cells is used as heating salt.
 Melting furnace / 2399003
Furnace consists of case with installed therein melting section equipped with facility for charge supply and burner and electro-thermal section divided from melting section with partition not reaching hearth; also melting section is equipped with electrodes, electric holders, devices for metal and slag tapping and with gas duct. A lower edge of the partition is positioned above the level of the slag tapping device thereby forming a gas-overflow port of alternate cross section with the level of melt. The metal tapping device is equipped with a well communicated with an overflow zone of the partition via a channel. Section of the port is chosen according to specified ratio of furnace width to inter-axis distance between electrodes. The charge supply facility has a chute superposed on a stepped hearth with incline to a partition side.
 Procedure for refinement of zinc containing raw material from impurity metal oxides and impurity metals; furnace for implementation of this procedure / 2389809
Procedure consists in charging zinc containing raw material together with additive of metal aluminium at amount of 0.02-0.05 % of weight of zinc containing raw material into stand of salts melt of composition wt %: NaCl - 56-59, NaF - 22-23, KCl - 11, Na2B4O7 - 4-6, B2O3 - 3-5 at temperature 600-700°C. The furnace consists of a shell made out of refractory steel. A ceramic branch is used for draining refined melt of zinc into pans. The ceramic branch is also used for emptying the furnace of zinc and salts melt during maintenance repairs and emergencies. The bottom of the furnace is lined with refractory non-metallic materials. The shell of a crucible on internal surface is also lined with refractory non-metallic materials at height from the bottom of the furnace up to 500-600 mm; a layer of refractory glue is applied at the joint point of refractory non-metallic lining with internal surface of the shell.
 Duplex-furnace for smelting of manganese alloys from ferrimanganese bases and concentrates and anthropogenic wastes of metallurgy / 2380633
In arch of siphon there are implemented openings or windows for loading of carbon-bearing materials, partition with bottom window or windows for flow of melted slag into siphon is implemented in the form of common end wall for liquid-phase smelting shaft and siphon with electrode(s) and allows window or windows for fume extraction from under arch of siphon, located on level not higher than horizontal axis of top row of tuyeres of liquid-phase smelting shaft, siphon is outfitted by solid transverse partition, installed in its bottom part parallel to common end wall for liquid-phase smelting shaft and siphon at a distance enough for flow of required volume of slag melt from liquid-phase smelting shaft on surface of heated layer of carbon-bearing material, herewith solid transverse partition fully separates siphon from liquid-phase smelting shaft, and its top edge is located higher than horizontal axis of bottom row of tuyeres of liquid-phase smelting shaft.
 Device for gas-thermal oxidation of objects made from titanium and titanium-containing alloys / 2369663
Invention relates to equipment for passivation of metal surfaces, more specifically to devices for gas-thermal oxidation of objects made from titanium and titanium-containing alloys. The device has an oxidation chamber, fitted with a cooling system and a heating system, a unit for feeding gaseous mixture into the oxidation chamber, a unit for outlet of gaseous mixture from the chamber, a chamber for cooling oxidised objects, which has a unit for flowing cooling inert gas medium in and out. The cooling chamber is joined to the oxidation chamber through a rotary valve, made with two hemispherical gates, which can open and close the opening in the rotary valve for joining or separating both chambers.
 Control method of level of top surface of slaggy phase and boundary of slaggy and metallic phase of melt in lift tube tank of iron-and-steel furnace by vanukov or romelt / 2368853
Invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy field. According to method it is implemented voltage feeding to electroconductive refractory rods, used for slag heating and setting adjusting of current value. It is displaced rod and implemented continuous measurement and comparison of current value through rod with setting. At equality of measured value of current to setting value it is fixed top surface of slaggy or metallic phase of melt in tank of iron-and-steel furnace. In the capacity of electroconductive refractory rod it is used graphitic rod or electrode, used for electroarc heating of melt in tank of iron-and-steel furnace. After achievement of equality of current setting to corresponding measured current values it is checked equality to zero of the first current derivative.
Procedure for hydro-metallurgical treatment of minerals / 2423535
Procedure consists in leaching crumbled minerals with water solution of hydrochloric acid, in separation of solid phase and liquid phase products and in successive extraction of target components. As source minerals there are used poly-metallic slag of lead production additionally containing compounds of germanium. Leaching is performed with solution of hydrochloric acid of concentration from 6 to 30 wt % at ratio of solid and liquid phases 1:(1-5). Before separation of solid phase and liquid phase products ratio of solid and liquid phases is brought to 1: (8-20) by addition of water with transition of iron, zinc, and calcium into liquid phase product, while silicon and germanium - into solid phase product.
Procedure for processing final tailings of galvanic production / 2422543
Procedure for processing final tailings of galvanic production consists in crumbling, leaching, separation of solution from sedimentation and in extracting heavy non-ferrous metals from produced solution. Also, final tailings are crumbled with mechanic-chemical activation by wet crumbling in form of pulp suspension at pH≤3 and ratio s (solid): l (liquid) = 1:(0.4-1) and temperature 60-90°C.
 Method of processing gas cleaning slurry and dust produced in aluminium electrowinning / 2419688
Proposed method comprises gas cleaning slurry and dust floatation bringing about fluoro alumina concentrate. Prior to floatation, gas cleaning slurry and dust are precleansed to remove resinous substances by process water at pulp density of 1030-1100 g/l and material is ground to particle size of 0.074 mm, ground material making, at least, 45% of total amount of stock. Note here that floatation is carried out in three stages with feed of fluoro agents mix (steam distilled turpentine plus kerosene) in the ratio of 1:8-10 and in amount of not over 2.7 kg per ton of fluoro alumina concentrate in precleansing stage of floatation.
Procedure for processing waste of aluminium production (slime of coal foam and gas purification slime) / 2419661
Procedure consists in mixing waste with binding and in briquetting produced mixture. As binding at briquetting of coal foam slime there is used gas purification slime. Also, slime of coal foam preliminary processed or not processed is mixed with binding at ratio (10-90) to (90-10) at temperature from -10 to +130 degrees of Celsius. There is used preliminary processed or not preliminary processed slime of gas purification. Produced mixture is subjected to further briquetting, compressing, thermal sintering, granulation, agglomeration, pelletising or to any other operation not restricted with the said procedures.
 Procedure for separation of metals from waste of fusible alloys by electrolysis / 2419660
Procedure for separation of metals from waste of fusible alloys consists in electrolysis by anode dissolution of metals of alloy waste in electrolyte melt containing zinc chloride and sodium and potassium chlorides. Also, cathode and anode are separated with a porous diaphragm impregnated with electrolyte. Electrolysis is carried out through a package of diaphragms taken at amount not less, than amount of metal components in alloy. Upon anode dissolution metal-components of alloys in form of alloy-concentrates are alternately taken off each diaphragm. Electrolysis is performed through the package of diaphragms made with layers of porous quartz cloth impregnated with melt of electrolyte of composition (wt %): potassium chloride - 15-20, sodium chloride - 10-15, zinc chloride - the rest.
 Procedure for processing wastes of aluminium production / 2418080
Procedure consists in heating wastes of aluminium production in reactor and in separation of their oxide and salt component parts by implementation of deduster and bag hose. There are used wastes not contacting moisture. Wastes are heated in the reactor to temperature as high, as 800°C and conditioned to the beginning and completion of alumo-thermal reactions at simultaneous mixing and supply of air into the reactor. Concentrate of metal aluminium is settled in the deduster. Salt component of wastes is settled in the successive bag hose. The procedure can be carried out both in cyclic or continuous modes.
Method of producing antiseptic agent from arsenic-containing products obtained from lewisite decomposition / 2414347
Invention relates to the chemical industry, particularly to preparation of antiseptic agents for protecting wood and articles made from wood, as well as non-metal materials from biodecomposition, as well as from rotting, decomposition by microbes, fungi and insects. The method of preparing an antiseptic agent for protecting wood from rotting and decomposition involves mixing a solution containing an arsenic compound with chromium and copper compounds in ratio of arsenic to chromium and copper in the obtained product equal to 1:(0.6-1.5): (0.3-0.8).The solution which contains the arsenic compound is obtained by water leaching dry or hydrolysed sodium arsenite in ratio hydrolysed sodium arsenite to water equal to 1:(2-2.5). Hydrolysed sodium arsenite is obtained from a lewisite detoxification reaction mass.
 Reverberatory furnace for aluminium scrap re-melting / 2413148
Furnace consists of case made with refractory external side, front and back end walls, of storage bath and of inclined platform restricted with sole and walls, of roof, of tap hole, of gas duct and of welded frame whereon everything is arranged. Walls of the furnace are externally heat insulated with four layers of sheet asbestos cardboard. The inclined platform and the storage bath are laid out of sole blocks MLS-62 on two layers of asbestos cardboard and on a pad out of dry high-silica sand which facilitates maintaining heat in the furnace bath preventing its emittance to the frame. Inside the frame of the furnace is lined with three rows of light-weight-bricks and two rows of sheet asbestos cardboard reducing heat emission from the bath via the frame. On top the roof of the furnace has a layer with triple heat-insulating coating, a layer of light-weight bricks and a layer of refractory heat insulating mats on it to additionally save heat in the furnace. In the side wall of the furnace there are arranged three burners; also, two-row eight-mixing and GBG-1.2 burners are directed to the inclined platform, while one burner GBG-1.2 is directed to the sole of the furnace. The furnace consists of the tap hole in the side wall made out of quick removable tap bricks in a box, of lined rotating pan with a lined chute welded to it and rotating at angle of 130° for casting metal into casting equipment positioned in a sector at angle of 130° and of a drive for lifting and lowering a door of a charging hole. The drive consists of an electric engine, of a clutch, of a worm reducer, of two shafts with pulleys, of counter-weights, of cables, of chains and of the door.
 Procedure for purifying return water of gas cleaning in smelting furnaces, utilisation of metal containing slimes and device for implementation of this procedure / 2413015
Metal containing slime is subjected to magnetic separation under flow mode where purified return water is separated and there is produced slime suspension subjected to magnetic dehydration and condensation, drying and compression in form of briquettes. Gases and volatile compounds emitted at drying are trapped when they are passed through in a centrifugal field at presence of liquid. Purified return water is used in a system of gas cleaning, while return water withdrawn during the process of dehydration and condensation is directed to the beginning of magnetic separation process. The device for implementation of the procedure consists of a magnetic separator for separating metal containing slime and for purification of return water, of a uniflow furnace with a rotating drum, of a rotoklon and of a press of a rotor type. It is equipped with an additional magnetic separator for dehydration of slime suspension produced in the said magnetic separator and with a belt press of a decanter installed before the uniflow furnace with a rotating drum. The magnetic separator for separation of metal containing slime and purification of return water is pressure tight.
Procedure for processing anthropogenic mineral deposits / 2413014
Procedure consists in sampling mineral deposit according to specified layout, in geological-technological testing samples by treating them with solution prepared on base of water or solution of alkali metals, in acidification with sulphuric acid and in electrolysing with oxygen saturation. Formation of foam product testifies to presence of industrially valuable and/or toxic components in samples; there is prepared pulp from contents of extracted zones. To extract industrially valuable and/or toxic components from pulp there is performed electro-flotation in an anode or cathode chambers. Metals are extracted from extracted foam product.
Method for reprocessing of junks of magnesium containing based-based alloys / 2244027
Claimed method includes junk charge into premelted flux at ratio of 1:(5-10); heating up to melt temperature; smelting under flux layer, and separation of metal from flux. Equimolar mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride with addition of 2.9-52.6 % (in respect to total flux weight) magnesium fluoride is used as flux, and in melting process flux layer with thickness of 4.5-20 cm is maintained. Method affords the ability to conserve original composition and eliminate additional burdening with magnesium.
|
FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: wastes are treated in Vanyukov's furnace with slag melting, supplying charge and oxygen containing gas through tuyeres into slag melting. Charge is melted and slag is generated at temperature 1250-1400°C. The procedure is implemented in the furnace wherein height of tuyeres can be changed. With growth of the lowest working heat-producing capacity of charge height of axis of tuyeres arrangement from a bottom of the furnace is increased. Value of ratio of blast of oxygen containing gas (nm3/hour per 1 m2 of cross section of a furnace) and the lowest working heat-producing capacity of charge (kJ/kg) is maintained within the ranges of 0.07-0.12 facilitating degree of carbon burning-out in charge to its residual content in slag at the level of 0.1-0.15%. EFFECT: environmental safety of produced liquid and gaseous products of processing for their further utilisation, also maximal low combustible charge components under-burning for maximal utilisation of energy of processed waste. 1 tbl, 1 ex
The invention relates to pyrometallurgy - ways of recycling (waste, industrial products), containing different metals (lead, zinc, tin and others) and the carbon in the furnace with a slag melt, and can also be used for processing waste from other industries, such as housing and utilities (solid waste), chemical and petrochemical production (combustible waste), military-industrial complex and other Known pyrometallurgical methods - analogues: the process of melting in the liquid bath - PGW (Likiernik M.M. and other slag Recycling of non-ferrous metallurgy. - M.: metallurgy, 1977, s and Vanyukov A. V., and others Melting in the liquid bath. - M.: metallurgy, 1988, s). These methods include loading recyclable materials containing lead, zinc and other metals, in caisson shaft type furnace, melting in barotraumas bath melt, the release of the melt drainage gazopylevogo from the oven. The process is conducted at a temperature of melt 1100-1200°C. the Disadvantages of these methods are large energy consumption when PGW costs of technological oxygen; low quality target product (Perevozchikov); low coefficients of teplooborudovanie from post-combustion flue gases; the malfunction of the blower devices without enrichment of blast oxygen furnaces PGW and other Closest to the technical essence and the achieved effect to the claimed is a method of thermal processing of solid household and industrial waste in Vanyukov furnace with a slag melt, including the filing of the charge and the oxygen-containing gas through tuyeres in the slag melt and melting the mixture with the formation of slag temperature 1250-1400°C (EN 2079778, CL F23 5/00, 1997). The known method provides for the loading of these wastes in Vanyukov furnace with a slag melt together with the carbon-containing fuel, which is used as carbon-containing solid waste or biogas solid waste landfills, in the molten slag bath and blowing oxygen-containing gas in the mixture gas diluent having a minimum content or not containing impurities of nitrogen and its compounds, through tuyeres with a certain intensity of the blast, and melting the mixture with the formation of slag temperature 1250-1400°C. the Disadvantages of this method is the inability to achieve constant temperature and the required phase composition of the slag in the furnace volume, the environmental security of the obtained liquid and gaseous food processing and the effectiveness of their subsequent disposal. The objective of the invention is to achieve ecological security of the resulting liquid and gaseous conversion products for their further use in people's lives, as well as the lowest incomplete burning of combustible components of the charge for maximum energy recovery of waste. T is khnicheskie the result is achieved by the method of thermal processing of solid household and industrial waste in Vanyukov furnace with a slag melt, including the filing of the charge and the oxygen-containing gas through tuyeres in the slag melt and melting the mixture with the formation of slag temperature 1250-1400°C, is carried out in a furnace, is made with the possibility of changing the height of the tuyeres, the height of the axis of the tuyere from the bottom of the furnace increases with the increase of the lower working calorific value of the charge, and the ratio of the intensity of the blast (nm3/h at 1 m2the cross-section of the furnace) and the lower working calorific value of the mixture (kJ/kg) maintained within the range 0,07-0,12 to provide the degree of burning of the carbon charge to its residual content in the slag at the level of 0.1-0.15%. The above distinguishing features dictated the following. Municipal solid waste composition (combustible components of carbon, hydrogen) provide the determined processing) due to its own calorific value with a corresponding oxygen enrichment of blast (i.e. achieved autogenous mode). Adding to municipal solid waste industrial waste with no calorific value, but containing non-ferrous and other metals (podshihtovkoj is from the point of view of utilization and improve efficiency% the SSA due to the extraction of precious metals in commercial product), the recycling process requires the introduction into the melting unit (in a bath of slag melt) additional fuel (gas, solid or liquid). Studies show that the basic nitrogen and sulphur oxides are formed from the gas agents (air) and fuel (natural gas - content of up to 1% H2S, coal and fuel oil 3% S and more), and form of these elements in the waste formation and evolution in the gas phase oxides (NOxand SO2are less pronounced. Therefore, a more appropriate direction in improving environmental performance in this respect (reducing emissions) should be considered for addressing the causes (factors) pollution of exhaust gases emanating from the blast for more fuel and intake air in the working volume of the melting unit. In existing methods of processing waste in barotraumas slag bath (including Vanyukov furnaces (PV)) melt blowing everywhere conduct air-oxygen mixture, and the regulation and fixation values required for the process of enrichment of the blast with oxygen is carried out by increasing or decreasing the flow of air as the diluent gas. The presence of high content of nitrogen in the feed air at normal process temperatures 1250-1450°C leads to the formation of harmful substances oxides AZ is in the process tail gases, cleaning which requires large capital and operating costs and are not always effective. Replacement air gases or vapours, not containing nitrogen (for example, carbon dioxide, water vapor), allows to solve the problem at the stage of melting waste (in my head). In the same direction operates the suction gas in the working volume (i.e. the free space above the slag bath melt) melting unit (usually the furnace RO operate at vacuum of-30-50 PA or more): the lower the vacuum, the lower the intake of ambient air (nitrogen) in the furnace space with high temperatures and therefore less possibility of pollution of exhaust gases oxides of nitrogen. Recycling of different waste Vanyukov furnace with a slag melt and primarily carbonaceous combustible household and industrial waste has a number of advantages over other processing methods. The main advantages of this processing are: 1. Full environmental safety of the process due to the inability of education in the furnace primary and secondary toxic organic compounds, dioxins, furans, etc. 2. The minimum degree of incomplete combustion of combustible components of the processed charge, despite the fact that such wastes are essentially reconditio the fuel with low calorific value. This is due to the high oxidizing activity emulsion high temperature of the slag melt blown gaseous oxidant with an oxygen content of not less than 40%. 3. Easy regulation of the mineral composition, resulting from the recycling of slag due to the possibility feed directly into the furnace fluxing materials, which may be obtained slag required for use in the construction industry, including in the cement industry chemical and phase composition. 4. The possibility of achieving environmental security of the resulting gaseous and liquid products for further use in people's lives, as well as the lowest incomplete burning of combustible components of the charge for maximum energy recovery of waste, it is advisable to get the slag must have a minimum carbon content. However, to obtain the necessary phase composition of the slag for further utilisation, in particular in the cement industry, as well as for the extraction of metals in the form of bottom phase and/or sublimates it is necessary to prevent saturation of the slag oxygen that can be achieved due to the presence of the slag residual carbon content. From practice Vanyukov furnaces that use to maintain idle speed furnace p is ready hot downtime solid carbonaceous fuel, it is known that the residual carbon content in the slag to maintain its fluidity without pereokislenie, on the one hand, and ensure minimum underburning not more than 4% on the other hand, should be maintained in the range of 0.1-0.15%. Special studies have found that maintaining a residual carbon content in the produced from the furnace slag is ensured by the adjustment of two parameters describing the geometry of the furnace and its mode of operation depending on the lowest working calorific value of the processed mixture. It was proposed that the processing of solid domestic and industrial waste to be implemented in Vanyukov furnaces, made with the possibility of changing the height of the tuyeres, however, as the experiments showed, the height of the axis of the tuyere from the bottom of the furnace increases with the increase of the lower working calorific value of the charge, and the ratio of the intensity of the blast (nm3/h at 1 m2the cross-section of the furnace) and the lower working calorific value of the mixture (kJ/kg) maintained within the range 0,07-0,12. The degree of burning of the carbon charge to its residual content in the slag is provided at the level of 0.1-0.15%. The mechanism of such control residual carbon content in the slag presumably consists in the following: 1. Changed the e to the height of tuyeres When increasing the calorific value of the charge to save thermal stresses of the working space within the volume of the slag bath melt, while maintaining the specified performance of the furnace requires the increase of the slag melt in the furnace. The increase in the volume of the melt is achieved by increasing its height. So to save the amount of slag above the level of the tuyeres, it is necessary to increase the height of their location relative to the bottom. 2. Changes in the intensity of blast The increase in calorific value of the charge under other equal conditions (heat stress workspace specified performance, the amount of slag. Located above the level of the tuyeres) requires in order to avoid local overheating of the reaction volume (especially in the near-wall region) for more uniform distribution of oxygen in nadvoresna volume that can be achieved only by increasing the intensity of the blast, referred to the cross-sectional area of the furnace in the region of the tuyeres. A specific example of implementation of the proposed method Examination of the claimed invention was carried out on pilot plant melting in the liquid bath Ryazan experimental plant Gintsvetmet (ROAMS) - Vanyukov furnace, made with the possibility of changing the height of lances from the bottom of the furnace. The processing of the design were subjected to various carbon-containing wastes with lower working calorific value from 5330 up 16960 kJ/kg. The height (H) location lances from the bottom of the furnace and the intensity of the blast (I)supplied through the tuyeres installed depending on the values of the lower working calorific value of the processed charge (Qpn). Determination of the residual carbon content in the slag was produced by sampling slag at release it from the oven, which were analyzed using infrared spectroscopy in the gas analyzer "LECO CS -300" with detection limits of 0.0004 to 3.5%. Processing was subjected to zinc clinker production (Qpn=5330 kJ/kg). The height of the lances from the bottom of the furnace was 960 mm; the ratio of the intensity of the blast (nm3/h at 1 m2the cross-section of the furnace) and the lower working calorific value of the mixture (kJ/kg) supported within 0,07-0,12. The degree of burning of the carbon charge to its residual content in the slag was 0.1 to 0.15%. In the processing of municipal solid waste (MSW) with a higher value of the lowest working calorific value of the charge (Qpn=6290 kJ/kg) the height of the axis of the tuyere from the bottom of the furnace was 1100 mm, the ratio of the intensity of the blast (nm3/h at 1 m2the cross-section of the furnace) and the lower working calorific value of the mixture (kJ/kg) supported within 0,07-0,12. The degree of burning of the carbon in the mixture prior to its residual content in the slag was 0.1 to 0.15%. In the processing of low grade coals (Qpn=16960 kJ/kg) the height of the axis of the tuyere from the bottom of the furnace was 1500 mm, the ratio of the intensity of the blast (nm3/h at 1 m2the cross-section of the furnace) and the lower working calorific value of the mixture (kJ/kg) supported within 0,07-0,12. The degree of burning of the carbon charge to its residual content in the slag was 0.1 to 0.15%. The research results are summarized in table 1. The proposed method provides high ecological purity of the process, reduces operating costs smelting, increases the complexity of the use of waste can be achieved practically without waste and provides maximum closed loop recycling, increased involvement in processing a wide variety of industrial (including waste) waste with high efficiency.
The method of thermal processing of solid household and industrial waste in Vanyukov furnace with a slag melt, including the filing of the charge and the oxygen-containing gas through tuyeres in the slag melt and melting the mixture with the formation of slag temperature 1250-1400°C, characterized in that it is carried out in the oven, made with the possibility of changing the height of the tuyeres, the height of the axis of the tuyere from the bottom of the furnace increases with the increase of the lower working calorific value of the charge, and the value of the ratio of the intensity of blowing oxygen-containing gas (nm3/h at 1 m2the cross-section of the furnace) and the lower working calorific value of the mixture (kJ/kg) maintained within the range 0,07-0,12 ensuring the degree of burning of the carbon charge to its residual content in the slag at the level of 0.1-0.15%.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||