Double-ended method of deposit opening during underground operations. RU patent 2520316.

IPC classes for russian patent Double-ended method of deposit opening during underground operations. RU patent 2520316. (RU 2520316):

E21C41/16 - Methods of underground mining (winning machines therefor E21C0025000000-E21C0039000000); Layouts therefor

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Development method of thick gently sloping formation in large slabs / 2520228
Method involves formation of lower slashing of formation by means of a plough unit with movement into it of a hauling conveyor, cutting in bottom-hole massif of a rear vertical slot and a slot that is upper along the boundary with the roof, which are longitudinal throughout the face length, lowering of the massif onto the conveyor, splitting of a mineral into slabs, output of the mineral from the face in slabs, their lowing into trolleys and locomotive haulage to a bulk material crushing chamber. In the massif settled down on the conveyor there cutout are inclined transverse slots splitting the massif into inclined layers that are then transferred to horizontal position for splitting of the mineral into slabs. Cutout of vertical transverse slots is performed using a motor-driven multi-jib machine.

Method to develop edge ore bodies with unstable ores / 2515285
Invention relates to mining industry and may be used in development of thick edge ore bodies with unstable and precious ores, for instance, kimberlite pipes, by the underground method. The method includes formation of man-made massif with tunnelling and filling of stopes at the cut and undercut layer, descending extraction of reserves under the man-made massif and filling of the mined space. Under the man-made massif they form a transition layer-sublevel by alternate tunnelling of the stopes of the first phase, with height equal to the height of the layer, and stopes of the second phase, the height of which is equal to the height of the layer-sublevel, at the same time the stopes of the first phase is given the shape of the tilted trapezoid in the vertical cross section, and stopes of the second phase - the irregular hexagon, besides, the width of the upper bases of figures of these stopes and width of stopes of the above (undercut) layer are accepted with equal value. Reserves of the deposit below the transition layer-sublevel are mined by chambers in staggered order with a shift to a sublevel. Chambers in the cross section are given the shape of the hexahedron extended along the vertical line. The upper part of the chambers is formed in the form of a trapezoid with size of half of chamber height, the contours of the upper base of which match the contours of the base of the filled stopes of the first phase in the transition layer - sublevel, and contours of the lateral upper sides - with contours of the lower sides of the filled adjacent stopes of the second phase. The lower part of the chamber with the size of half of its height is given the shape of the tilted trapezoid in the vertical cross section.

Method for underground block leaching of useful minerals / 2506423
Invention refers to mining, and namely to production of useful minerals by an underground block leaching method. The underground block leaching method of useful minerals involves driving at the block bottom of openings of drain horizon for collection of productive solutions, crushing and shrinkage of ore so that a drain horizon of a safety pillar is left above openings, drilling of upward pumping wells from openings of drain horizon through the safety pillar, supply through them of a leaching solution to shrunken ore, collection of productive solutions in openings of drain horizon. Upward pumping wells from openings of drain horizon through the safety pillar are drilled to lower boundary of shrunken ore, and the leaching solution mixed with air is supplied to shrunken ore via upward pumping wells in a hydrodynamic cavitation mode.

Mineral deposit development method / 2501949
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Underground extraction method / 2246617
Method includes use of screw-drilling machine for driving of several first ventilation shafts in ore body and driving several second shafts, while second and each second shaft crosses, at least, one matching first shaft, forming first support walls, supporting ceiling. First supporting ceilings consist of ore body zones between neighboring second shafts, each first support wall has portion of at least one first shaft, passing horizontally through it. Horizontal channels are formed, each of which is placed transversely to matching second shaft between appropriate portions of first shaft, formed in adjacent support walls, for forming of group of continuous ventilation shafts. Second shafts are filled for forming second supporting walls, supporting well ceiling, and first supporting walls are extracted. First ventilation shafts can be made parallel to each other. Second shafts may be directed perpendicularly relatively to first ventilation shafts. In ore body air-outlet and air-inlet ventilation mines can be formed, placed at distance from each other along horizontal line, while first or each first ventilation shaft passes through portion of ore body between air-inlet and air-outlet ventilation mines. Driving of second or each second shaft can be performed by cutting machine, or by drilling or explosive mining.

Method for controlling hard-destructible ceiling / 2246618
Method includes partial filling of extracted space of side and central mains by filling stripes from lava extracting shafts. At center of semi-lava on the side of massive, wherein next extractive column will be cut, filling shaft is additionally driven, wherefrom full filling of space between central fill stripe and fill stripe on the side of massive is performed. Preparation of next extraction column is performed under protection of erected fill stripes.

Method for preparation of mineral resources deposits to reversed extraction order / 2247242
Method includes cutting well field portions by driving bed and field mines. At mine fields to be prepared with weak rock stability driving of several field preparatory mines is performed at portion of field with width determined from formula. Bed preparation mines on same portion are driven alter, with displacement of cleaning operations from these may be driven in portions, at which their stability is provided for technological time period with inter-drift blocks of given rigidity.

Method for extraction of mineral resources deposits / 2249696
Method includes extraction of mineral resource by underground mine method in liquid environment, under protection of water-resistant rock massif. Full flooding of auxiliary extracting and preparatory mines is performed, which provide for start of wiping operations, with working liquid, neutral relatively to mineral resource and enveloping rocks and being under pressure, matching value of pressure at depth of mine. Process of removal of separated rock beyond underground flooded space is synchronized with replenishment of working liquid volume in this space. Working liquid pressure can be formed by effecting it with force liquid, which is placed either in mine shaft, hydraulically connected to lower flooded auxiliary extracting mine, or in mine shaft and force column, placed on earth surface, above mine shaft, and hydraulically connected thereto. Required height of force liquid column is determined from mathematical expressions. After mineral resource extraction is finished within mine field, flooded extracted space is used for placement of toxic and non-toxic wastes of industries or strategic objects, while process of transfer of wastes or strategic objects into liquid environment is performed synchronously with removal of working liquid beyond flooded space in volume, equal to volume of transferred wastes or strategic objects.

Method for extraction of steep-dropping and slanting deposits of lowe and average massiveness / 2254467
Method includes separating resources of all levels on blocks, in form of upwardly elongated hexahedrons. Blocks on adjacent levels are positioned in staggered order with displacement of some of them relatively to others for half of blocks width. Resources of each block within limits of hexahedron are divided on two portions: hexagonal chamber inside the block and block itself of same hexagonal shape on all six sides of chamber. Preparation and cutting of chamber resources is realized by driving field level drifts and mines, intermediate sub-level drifts and mines, and also level and sub-level orts and drifts, driven through mineral resource, from which resources of chambers and blocks are drilled and exploded. Extraction and outlet of mineral resource is performed in three rows - first chamber resources, than inter-chamber blocks under protection of ceiling blocks, after that ceiling blocks deposits. Outlet of resources from chambers and blocks is performed trough ends of level orts and mines, an also through ends of intermediate sub-level mines.

Method for extraction of inter-panel support blocks / 2254468
Method includes determining width of edge zones of block, subjected to influence from support pressure, then preparatory mines are driven along block at limits of these zones and permanent rigid supports are erected therein. After that portion of block from preparatory mines to block center is extracted.

Method for extraction of thin and extremely thin steep-falling and slanting deposits / 2255221
Method includes dividing a level on hexahedral sections of upwardly elongated shape and is prepared by driving of field backup drift. From drift below each section shafts are driven, from which along mineral resource ascending shafts are drilled. For drilling chambers deposits by wells, sub-level drift is driven along mineral resource, access to which is provided by driving field sub-level drift and shafts. Outlet of extracted rock is performed through ends of shafts. After letting out rock from all sections ceiling beam is brought down and also let out through ends of shafts.

Method for extracting thin and extremely thin steep-falling and slanted deposits / 2255222
Method includes separation of a level on hexahedral sections of upwardly elongated shape and is prepared by driving of field backup drift. From the drift shafts are driven below each section, from which along mineral resource ascending shafts are drilled, meant for drilling from them by horizontal or slanting wells and extracting sections resources. Outlet of extracted rock mass is performed through ends of shafts. After outlet of rock mass from all sections ceiling beam is brought down and let out also through ends of shafts.

Method for mineral preparation along with releasing thereof from under-roof layer / 2269002
Method involves advancing breakage face in under-roof layer; drilling bores in the under-roof layer and injecting weakening reagent to separate zones through the bores; drilling blind drift in front of the breakage face, wherein the blind drift has length of not less than breakage face length; drilling bores for following weakening reagent injection from the blind bore; additionally boring intermediate bores between above bores for following gas exhausting; performing under-roof layer development so that non-developed bank is left directly above breakage face support; performing stepwise weakening reagent injection into corresponding bores and evacuating gas from intermediate bores; leaving bores filled with weakening reagent for 1-2 days and supplying the weakening reagent into intermediate bores.

Underground mining method / 2269003
Method involves cutting mineral by hydrocutting machines and headers from face massif in rectangular blocks; putting on metal cases on the blocks to facilitate loading-and-unloading operations and transportation; loading the cut blocks on hauling truck along side previously opened from breakage face side, wherein the truck position is fixed by spacing apart hydraulic post permanently connected to the hauling truck; moving loaded hauling trucks inside breakage face by hauling tracks along channel, V-shaped guiders or guiding rails with the use of haulage cargo winches arranged in berms near conveying tunnels or with the use of independent drives, wherein the conveyance is carried out to conveying and venting tunnels abutting the breakage face; loading mineral blocks from hauling trucks onto wheeled transport platforms without block turning for following transportation. Distance between rail tracks is equal to rail track width to transport blocks on paired wheeled platforms in which locomotive moves along medium track. Working area face is strengthened by individual hydraulic posts and metal hydraulic jacks and metal roof bars or by mechanized face support. The face support has fastening sections including above hydraulic jacks and roof bars, as well as wheel guiding means sections and hydraulic movers with control panel arranged on each fastening section pair. The roof is controlled by partial filling the excavated space with mineral blocks. Distance between neighboring mineral units arranged on one paired wheeled platform and on adjacent platforms may be identical and equal to distance between guiders in breakage heading. Mineral blocks are cut in several rows, wherein depth of slot at seam ground and roof is two times as thickness of mineral blocks to be cut.

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: double-ended method of the deposit opening during underground operations includes shaft sinking of at least two holes, each hole having its own job site. Opening of the deposit is made by underground horizontal and/or inclined workings from each hole. As the shaft sinking progresses the underground horizontal workings are made from the hole at a distance of at least 5 diameters of the hole. Vertical wells are drilled from the surface and horizontal cuts and when the lower horizontal working is reached the well is drilled up to the project diameter of the air raise. Horizontal workings are placed vertically, one by one, at a distance to be determined by technical capabilities of the drilling rig. The upper part of the air raise is made from the surface through quaternary deposits by a usual method. At the first stage each end of the deposit is ventilated separately, at the second stage fresh air is supplied through a pair of combined developments - a borehole and the air riser at one end while outgoing jet is outputted through the combined developments of the other end.

EFFECT: method allows reducing scope of works during shaft sinking, increasing the sinking rate, reducing the period of construction and commissioning of a mine or minery, increasing reliability of ventilation due to ventilation risers.

3 dwg

The famous "Method of mining of bedded deposits" (application RU №2006141618 from 24.11.2006), including the opening of a mine field to the lower horizon of the main and auxiliary inclined trunks in Central and ventilation trunks on the flanks, training by conducting storey drifts to the borders of mine fields, and practicing floors in ascending order, characterized in that in the process of preparation of the lower floor of the breed from working driving placed in podstrelov rubble bands, and when developing the overlying floors breed from working driving placed in redeemable roadway spent the underlying floor and revealing inclined workings - main, auxiliary and ventilation shafts.