Method to develop edge ore bodies with unstable ores |
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IPC classes for russian patent Method to develop edge ore bodies with unstable ores (RU 2515285):
 Method for underground block leaching of useful minerals / 2506423
Invention refers to mining, and namely to production of useful minerals by an underground block leaching method. The underground block leaching method of useful minerals involves driving at the block bottom of openings of drain horizon for collection of productive solutions, crushing and shrinkage of ore so that a drain horizon of a safety pillar is left above openings, drilling of upward pumping wells from openings of drain horizon through the safety pillar, supply through them of a leaching solution to shrunken ore, collection of productive solutions in openings of drain horizon. Upward pumping wells from openings of drain horizon through the safety pillar are drilled to lower boundary of shrunken ore, and the leaching solution mixed with air is supplied to shrunken ore via upward pumping wells in a hydrodynamic cavitation mode.
 Mineral deposit development method / 2501949
Transportation of mineral deposit crushed with a combine is performed by means of a self-propelled wagon to a self-moving snaking conveyer, the loading part of which is located in a chamber, and the unloading part is located above an ore-passing well, via which the mineral deposit is transported and unloaded to the ore-passing well; with that, movement of the conveyor to the next well is performed when transportation length of mineral deposit with the self-propelled wagon in the chamber achieves maximum length determined as per mathematical expression. Limit length of the chamber, at which continuous operation of the combine is provided by means of a hopper-loading elevator, the self-propelled wagon and the self-moving snaking conveyor, is calculated as per the mathematical expression.
 Method to prepare ore bodies in place of bedding to leaching of useful components / 2495238
Method to prepare ore bodies to leaching of useful components in place of bedding includes installation of charges into well rings (11) in the central part of the ore body, explosion of the specified well rings and subsequent injection of a process solution into the central part of the ore body via perforation channels with the branching cracks along periphery of channels, formed by the upper part of the ore body with directed blasting Charges are installed with formation of a water circular gap between an explosive charge, bottom and walls of the well, after formation of a circular gap the well is filled with water or plugged.
 Method to prepare water-logged gas saturated massif of rocks to mining by underground method / 2487997
For realisation of the method, drainage-degassing wells are drilled in zones of higher cracking outside the limits of the prepared mine. Wells are drilled in the bottom-up direction in the close proximity to the profile of the prepared mine. Pumping of gas saturated drainage brines is carried out until the level of the depression curve is set below the horizon of breaking works, and it is maintained at this level for the entire period of mining. Besides, in process of wells drilling the minimum permissible distance to the profile of the prepared mine is accepted as 0.035 m per each running metre of the well.
 Method and device for production of material in underground conditions / 2482275
Method includes the following stages. Installation of a structure inside or tightly with an underground mine, so that the structure provides for reactive forces when pushing a cutting head in direction of the material by means of a series of rigid materials fixed on the structure, which i arranged so that series of rigid elements may be fixed to it simultaneously at least in two directions, so that parts of tunnel branches could be formed in at least two appropriate directions, of the underground mine designed for transportation of people, mechanisms and extracted material. Formation of multiple parts of tunnel branches entering the material. Formation of the first part of the tunnel branch with the help of a cutting head and a series of rigid elements in the first direction, and afterwards formation of the second part of the tunnel branch in the second direction. During formation of the second part of the tunnel branch, movement of rigid elements from the part of the first tunnel into the part of the second tunnel branch for extension of the series of rigid elements in the part of the second tunnel branch.
 Development method of stratified deposits using chamber system / 2479720
Method involves separation of panels into individually ventilated blocks, in which second working and first working is performed. First working is ahead of second working at least by one block; at that, second working in adjacent blocks is performed simultaneously. Air supply and ventilation mine workings are routed along the panel boundaries. Each block of the panel is outlined on three sides with first block working. Panel and block mine workings are located symmetrically relative to the panel axis and connected to each other by means of cross passages made at the beginning of each of the blocks. Local ventilation plants are located in T-pieces arranged on the panel axis and on its boundaries at connections to main entries. Return ventilation air jet is removed from the T-piece to main entries through a crossing. The panel is developed in the direct order by means of subsequent development of blocks, and reserves of each of the blocks are developed in reverse order. Delivery of mined rock from the blocks is performed to two unloading points located at the connections to main entries.
 Method to control hard roof under conditions of cryolithic zone / 2478786
Method includes development of reserves from a border of an extraction column, drilling from surface of wells into the extraction column and primary setting of the roof. Wells are drilled to the rated line of the roof arch in one row in parallel to a stoping face in the middle part of the limit span of the main roof slab. Eutectic-hard-freezing solutions are filled into wells for the height of 1.5-2 m, rated time is maintained, which is required for melting of ice in cracks of roof rocks and formation of germinal slots, afterwards the wells are filled to the surface with the same solutions, and a hydraulic rupture is carried out in a rock massif.
 Method for shooting of ores and rocks on underground mining works / 2476819
Method for shooting of ores and rocks on underground mining works includes drilling-off of a broken volume by opposite wells or blast holes, drilled from upper and lower drilling mines, their charging and exploding. An initiating charge in each well or blast hole is arranged at the distance La=2.25•dw, m from the bottom of the well or the blast hole, where: dw - diameter of a well or a blast hole, m, and distance between ends of opposite wells or blast holes determining thickness of a broken layer, is accepted as equal to L=2•Rr.e.+0.9•Do, m, where L - distance between ends of opposite wells or blast holes, drilled from upper and lower drilling mines, m; Rr.e. - radius of a damage zone from end action of a charge, m; Do - diameter of a bulk piece, accepted for the applied technology, m.
 Method for underground mining of ore deposits in cryolite zone / 2471070
In the period of negative temperatures of ambient air from dehydrated dressing tails briquettes are pressed of ball shape with two diameters related with the following ratio:
 Method for underground mining of sloping and inclined ore bodies in cryolite zone / 2471069
Prior to start of filling works, a recumbent side of a section in a mined space to be filled is poured with water to form an ice crust, afterwards the mined space is filled with crushed dead rocks or frozen briquettes from dressing tails. The ice crust makes it possible to apply self-flow filling at the minimum angle of inclination of a recumbent side equal to αmin.=arctgKfr, where Kfr - coefficient of friction as the filling material moves along the ice crust on the recumbent side of the mined space.
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FIELD: mining. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mining industry and may be used in development of thick edge ore bodies with unstable and precious ores, for instance, kimberlite pipes, by the underground method. The method includes formation of man-made massif with tunnelling and filling of stopes at the cut and undercut layer, descending extraction of reserves under the man-made massif and filling of the mined space. Under the man-made massif they form a transition layer-sublevel by alternate tunnelling of the stopes of the first phase, with height equal to the height of the layer, and stopes of the second phase, the height of which is equal to the height of the layer-sublevel, at the same time the stopes of the first phase is given the shape of the tilted trapezoid in the vertical cross section, and stopes of the second phase - the irregular hexagon, besides, the width of the upper bases of figures of these stopes and width of stopes of the above (undercut) layer are accepted with equal value. Reserves of the deposit below the transition layer-sublevel are mined by chambers in staggered order with a shift to a sublevel. Chambers in the cross section are given the shape of the hexahedron extended along the vertical line. The upper part of the chambers is formed in the form of a trapezoid with size of half of chamber height, the contours of the upper base of which match the contours of the base of the filled stopes of the first phase in the transition layer - sublevel, and contours of the lateral upper sides - with contours of the lower sides of the filled adjacent stopes of the second phase. The lower part of the chamber with the size of half of its height is given the shape of the tilted trapezoid in the vertical cross section. EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase intensity of mining of ore deposits, to increase size of an extraction unit and to reduce costs for filling works. 5 cl, 2 dwg
The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the development of underground powerful steeply dipping ore bodies with fragile and valuable ores, such as kimberlite pipes. There is a method of kimberlite pipes under elastic panels, including the division of the ore body on the floor, and the floors of the blocks, the sinking of the ventilation-way roadways and ore chutes, the elastic mounting of the shields and mechanized complexes in blocks, the extraction of ore in units of horizontal layers with the use of combine harvesters, transport ore conveyors under elastic panels (Patent RF №2242611, CL IS 41/22, 2003). The disadvantage of this method is the large intensity of the elastic mounting of the shield, mounting and remounting at the transition to the underlying layer of the mechanized complex. Furthermore, the presence of the collapsed array of overlapping species on the elastic shield eliminates parallel mining of ores other floors (panels), which dramatically reduces the performance of the mine in General. Also known how to develop powerful steeply dipping ore bodies, including the blasting of the ore body from top to bottom blocks rhomboidal shape shifting them relative to each other by half of the floor, the mined-out space (RF Patent 2093678, CL IS 41/22, 1997). To the disadvantage of ways is as follows: the difficulty in forming the upper part of the frame shape; the acute angle in the design of the upper part of the block is invariably hub considerable stress, and the development of transport and drilling excavations in unstable ores will require a high cost of their support and maintenance. Closest to the proposed invention the technical essence is a way of development of ore deposits, including the penetration grade of the parallel faces of the first stage and between the driving faces of the second phase with the displacement of the soil above the soil benches of the first stage, the formation of an artificial roof of the mined-out space benches, excavation of minerals under artificial roof and the mined-out space (A.S. USSR №1346793, CL IS 41/06, 1987). The main disadvantage of this method is the formation of the roof of the cameras in filling array of stepped form, due to the different heights of the soil benches first and second stage. When the blasting chamber ore reserves is chipping in the camera tab from soil benches second phase, which leads to the dilution of ore backfill material. When developing a powerful fields of this technology for each subsequent floor it is necessary to generate synthetic roof laid down by the benches, which is time consuming and leads to a decrease in the intensity of otrb the TCI as a whole. Technical problem on which the invention is directed, is to increase the intensity of ore deposits, by increasing the size of excavation units and reduce the costs of backfilling operations. This result is achieved in that in the method of developing a powerful steeply dipping ore bodies with unstable ores, including the formation of artificial array-excavation and laying of the benches on split and podrastet layer, a downward cut stock under artificial array and the mined-out space under artificial array form a transition layer-substage by alternately sinking benches of the first stage of a height equal to the height of the layer, and benches of the second stage, the height of which is equal to the height of the layer-substage, and the benches of the first stage of give in the vertical sectional shape of an inverted trapezoid, and the benches of the second phase of a hexagon, and the width of the upper base these figures benches and width of benches overlying (podrostkovo) layer take equal values, then the reserves below the transition layer-substage work out the cameras in a checkerboard pattern with offset on the substage, in cross section which give the appearance of a hexagon, extended vertically, with the upper part of the chambers form is in the form of a trapezoid with dimensions half the height of the camera, the contours of the upper base of which coincide with the contours of the ground faces of the first stage in the transition layer substage, and the contours of the lateral upper sides with the contours of the bottom sides laid adjacent faces of the second stage, the lower part of the chamber, the size of half of its height and attach to the vertical sectional shape of an inverted trapezoid. The drilling benches second stage layer-substage made from benches podrostkovo layer, using them as drilling production. After testing of ore reserves in the second section turns its tab carried out simultaneously used as drilling production section podrostkovo layer. The upper half of the cameras work under filling the array, and the lower - grade ore, and the angles of inclination of the lateral walls of the upper half of the camera of the backfill material and the side walls of the ore, the lower half of the camera, have equal values. Treatment chamber after testing is not less than 2/3 of their height lay hardening the mixture. Non-pledged portion of the treatment chamber is used for the implementation of ventilation in the development of adjacent treatment chambers. The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 - shows the projection on the vertical plane of the circuit testing layers, benches and cameras, longitudinal section; figure 2 shows the l the hydrated section along the line A-A. On the drawing (Fig. 1 and 2) depicts the floors and zagadki split layer - 1; Zachodni podrostkovo layer - 2; Zachodni the first stage of the transition layer-substage - 3; Zachodni the second stage of the transition layer-substage - 4; fans down-hole - 5; drilling generation (Zachodni podrostkovo layer - 2) - 6; repulsed ore - 7; self-propelled machine with remote control - 8; camera hexagonal shapes - 9; drilling generation, passed in the roof of the chamber 10. The inventive method is carried out as follows. Throughout the area of the ore deposits create an artificial array of backfill material through bookmarks benches split layer 1 and podrostkovo 2. Under artificial array form a transition layer-substage by alternately sinking benches of the first stage 3 of a height equal to the height of the layer, and benches of the second stage 4 of a height equal to the height of the transition layer of the substage. Testing and bookmark benches of the first stage 3 are laid under the benches podrostkovo layer 2 full cross-section having the shape of an inverted trapezoid. Then work out Zachodni second stage 4, the cross section of which is presented in the form of a hexagon. The breaking of ore carried out by the fans down-hole 5. As drilling openings 6 for blasting of ore in the approaches of the second phase of the transition layer of the substage use Zachodni p is disretnogo layer 2, located in the roof of the benches of the second stage 4 transition layer - substage, which for this purpose shall retain the non-pledged. Repulsed ore 7 with soil removed self-propelled vehicles with remote control 8, and after full testing of each Zachodni second stage 4 put it together with drilling production 6. As the formation of the transition layer - substage pass to the improvement of the basic inventory deposits. Mining of ore in the floor exercise cameras hexagonal form 9 in a checkerboard pattern with offset on the substage. Training and testing chambers 9 are similar to the benches of the second stage 4, only the breaking of ore carried out by the fans down-hole - 5, oboronnyi of production drilling, completed in the roof of the camera 10. Mining top-down. Sewage treatment works in the chambers 9 floors lead behind two chambers on the lower floor, as shown in figure 1. The upper part of the chambers 9 formed in the form of a trapezoid, the contours of the upper base of which coincide with the contours of the bottoms laid benches of the first stage 3 in the transition layer substage, and the contours of the sides (walls) with two paths laid adjacent faces of the second stage 4. Keystone (close to the arched shape of the upper part of the camera 9 is the most stable form of manifestation of high rock pressure. The side walls of the lower part Kamer, located in the ore array, perform inclined towards the bottom than eliminate peeling and the wood thrown in her treatment of space. After working chamber 9 lay hardening bookmark not less than 2/3 of their height. Non-pledged portion of the treatment chamber 9 is used to implement the ventilation in the development of adjacent treatment chambers. The application of the proposed method of mining steeply dipping ore bodies with unstable valuable ores allows you to increase the intensity of mining at the expense of increasing the size of the excavation units and to reduce the cost of backfilling operations. In addition, the proposed method of forming a transition layer - substage provides a safe transition from layer extraction unstable valuable ores chamber to a development system with the use of self-propelled equipment of higher capacity. The formation of the upper part of the chambers in the form of a trapezoid attached to the roof of the camera steady, which has a positive effect on the security maintenance of the treatment works. Practicing cameras hexagonal shape in a checkerboard pattern with offset on the substage allows you to bookmark cameras hardening the mixture to 2/3 of their height, thereby reducing the cost of stowing up to 20-25%. The use of non-pledged portion of the treatment chamber for ventilation in the development of the neighbouring sewage treatment Kama is, reduces the volume of mining operations. Only the application of the proposed method when designing underground kimberlite ore Yakutia will allow a 1.5 fold increase production efficiency and 20-25% reduction in the cost of backfilling operations. 1. Method development steeply dipping ore bodies with neustoichivii ores, including the formation of artificial array-excavation and laying of the benches on split and podrastet layer, a downward cut stock under artificial array and the mined-out space, characterized in that the artificial array form a transition layer-substage by alternately sinking benches of the first stage of a height equal to the height of the layer, and benches of the second stage, the height of which is equal to the height of the layer-substage, and the benches of the first stage of give in the vertical sectional shape of an inverted trapezoid, and the benches of the second phase of a hexagon, and the width of the upper base shapes of these benches and the width of the benches overlying podrostkovo layer take equal values, then the reserves below the transition layer-substage work out the cameras in a checkerboard pattern with offset on the substage, in cross section which give the appearance of a hexagon, extended vertically, with the upper part of the chambers formed in the form of a ladder is the size of half the height of the camera, the contours of the upper base of which coincide with the contours of the ground faces of the first stage in the transition layer substage, and the contours of the lateral upper sides with the contours of the bottom sides laid adjacent faces of the second stage, the lower part of the chamber, the size of half of its height gives the vertical sectional shape of an inverted trapezoid. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the drilling benches second stage layer-substage made from benches podrostkovo layer, using them as drilling output. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after the development of the reserves of ore in the second section turns its tab carried out simultaneously used as drilling production section podrostkovo layer. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper half of the cameras work under filling the array, and the lower - grade ore, and the angles of inclination of the lateral walls of the upper half of the camera of the backfill material and the side walls of the ore, the lower half of the camera, have equal values. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the treatment chamber after testing is not less than 2/3 of their height lay hardening mixture.
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