Method for extraction of mineral resources deposits

IPC classes for russian patent Method for extraction of mineral resources deposits (RU 2249696):

E21C41/16 - Methods of underground mining (winning machines therefor E21C0025000000-E21C0039000000); Layouts therefor

Another patents in same IPC classes:

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Method for extraction of mineral resources deposits / 2249696

Method includes extraction of mineral resource by underground mine method in liquid environment, under protection of water-resistant rock massif. Full flooding of auxiliary extracting and preparatory mines is performed, which provide for start of wiping operations, with working liquid, neutral relatively to mineral resource and enveloping rocks and being under pressure, matching value of pressure at depth of mine. Process of removal of separated rock beyond underground flooded space is synchronized with replenishment of working liquid volume in this space. Working liquid pressure can be formed by effecting it with force liquid, which is placed either in mine shaft, hydraulically connected to lower flooded auxiliary extracting mine, or in mine shaft and force column, placed on earth surface, above mine shaft, and hydraulically connected thereto. Required height of force liquid column is determined from mathematical expressions. After mineral resource extraction is finished within mine field, flooded extracted space is used for placement of toxic and non-toxic wastes of industries or strategic objects, while process of transfer of wastes or strategic objects into liquid environment is performed synchronously with removal of working liquid beyond flooded space in volume, equal to volume of transferred wastes or strategic objects.

Method for extraction of steep-dropping and slanting deposits of lowe and average massiveness / 2254467

Method includes separating resources of all levels on blocks, in form of upwardly elongated hexahedrons. Blocks on adjacent levels are positioned in staggered order with displacement of some of them relatively to others for half of blocks width. Resources of each block within limits of hexahedron are divided on two portions: hexagonal chamber inside the block and block itself of same hexagonal shape on all six sides of chamber. Preparation and cutting of chamber resources is realized by driving field level drifts and mines, intermediate sub-level drifts and mines, and also level and sub-level orts and drifts, driven through mineral resource, from which resources of chambers and blocks are drilled and exploded. Extraction and outlet of mineral resource is performed in three rows - first chamber resources, than inter-chamber blocks under protection of ceiling blocks, after that ceiling blocks deposits. Outlet of resources from chambers and blocks is performed trough ends of level orts and mines, an also through ends of intermediate sub-level mines.

Method for extraction of inter-panel support blocks / 2254468

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Method for extraction of thin and extremely thin steep-falling and slanting deposits / 2255221

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Method for extracting thin and extremely thin steep-falling and slanted deposits / 2255222

Method includes separation of a level on hexahedral sections of upwardly elongated shape and is prepared by driving of field backup drift. From the drift shafts are driven below each section, from which along mineral resource ascending shafts are drilled, meant for drilling from them by horizontal or slanting wells and extracting sections resources. Outlet of extracted rock mass is performed through ends of shafts. After outlet of rock mass from all sections ceiling beam is brought down and let out also through ends of shafts.

Method for mineral preparation along with releasing thereof from under-roof layer / 2269002

Method involves advancing breakage face in under-roof layer; drilling bores in the under-roof layer and injecting weakening reagent to separate zones through the bores; drilling blind drift in front of the breakage face, wherein the blind drift has length of not less than breakage face length; drilling bores for following weakening reagent injection from the blind bore; additionally boring intermediate bores between above bores for following gas exhausting; performing under-roof layer development so that non-developed bank is left directly above breakage face support; performing stepwise weakening reagent injection into corresponding bores and evacuating gas from intermediate bores; leaving bores filled with weakening reagent for 1-2 days and supplying the weakening reagent into intermediate bores.

Underground mining method / 2269003

Method involves cutting mineral by hydrocutting machines and headers from face massif in rectangular blocks; putting on metal cases on the blocks to facilitate loading-and-unloading operations and transportation; loading the cut blocks on hauling truck along side previously opened from breakage face side, wherein the truck position is fixed by spacing apart hydraulic post permanently connected to the hauling truck; moving loaded hauling trucks inside breakage face by hauling tracks along channel, V-shaped guiders or guiding rails with the use of haulage cargo winches arranged in berms near conveying tunnels or with the use of independent drives, wherein the conveyance is carried out to conveying and venting tunnels abutting the breakage face; loading mineral blocks from hauling trucks onto wheeled transport platforms without block turning for following transportation. Distance between rail tracks is equal to rail track width to transport blocks on paired wheeled platforms in which locomotive moves along medium track. Working area face is strengthened by individual hydraulic posts and metal hydraulic jacks and metal roof bars or by mechanized face support. The face support has fastening sections including above hydraulic jacks and roof bars, as well as wheel guiding means sections and hydraulic movers with control panel arranged on each fastening section pair. The roof is controlled by partial filling the excavated space with mineral blocks. Distance between neighboring mineral units arranged on one paired wheeled platform and on adjacent platforms may be identical and equal to distance between guiders in breakage heading. Mineral blocks are cut in several rows, wherein depth of slot at seam ground and roof is two times as thickness of mineral blocks to be cut.

FIELD: mining industry.

SUBSTANCE: method includes extraction of mineral resource by underground mine method in liquid environment, under protection of water-resistant rock massif. Full flooding of auxiliary extracting and preparatory mines is performed, which provide for start of wiping operations, with working liquid, neutral relatively to mineral resource and enveloping rocks and being under pressure, matching value of pressure at depth of mine. Process of removal of separated rock beyond underground flooded space is synchronized with replenishment of working liquid volume in this space. Working liquid pressure can be formed by effecting it with force liquid, which is placed either in mine shaft, hydraulically connected to lower flooded auxiliary extracting mine, or in mine shaft and force column, placed on earth surface, above mine shaft, and hydraulically connected thereto. Required height of force liquid column is determined from mathematical expressions. After mineral resource extraction is finished within mine field, flooded extracted space is used for placement of toxic and non-toxic wastes of industries or strategic objects, while process of transfer of wastes or strategic objects into liquid environment is performed synchronously with removal of working liquid beyond flooded space in volume, equal to volume of transferred wastes or strategic objects.

EFFECT: higher safety.

3 cl, 1 dwg, 1 ex

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in underground mining method the mining of mineral deposits, mainly water-soluble minerals located in the host impermeable rocks, followed by placement in the isolated mined-out space of toxic waste or strategic objects.

The known method development flooding deposits of water-soluble minerals (Aiyaree. Development of potash deposits. M.: Nedra, 1966, p.23-24, 182-199, 229-244), including the excavation of water-soluble minerals protected by impermeable strata of rocks with the use of chamber systems development and mined-out space of non-toxic waste mineral processing.

The disadvantage of this method is the low guarantee against catastrophic penetration of underground natural water in the mine workings in the discontinuity water column, low extraction of minerals from the subsoil, the inability sealed, stand-alone accommodation in mined-out space of toxic waste or strategic objects.

Thus, at the Verkhnekamskoe potash Deposit of 13 layers of potash and potash-magnesium salts Deposit on the safety conditions is fulfilled one Tr is. This recovery factor on the working layers reaches 30%. In 1986, a catastrophic way was flooded world's largest Third Berezniki potash mine, the capacity of 8.2 million tonnes of sylvinite ore per year. In 1995, in connection with the mass collapse of crown pillars and the destruction of the pillars on the verge of flooding was the Second Solikamsk potassium mine. No one can guarantee that with the existing technology of mining operations in the coming years will not be flooded, at least one potash mine.

Know /Pierandrei, Mpicture Provision of industrial and environmental safety of disposal of toxic waste. - M.: “safety in industry, 1995, No. 6, p.16-19/that toxic waste, the number of which in Russia up to 1.5 billion tons, almost not removed from the biosphere and represent an increasing threat to the environment, becoming more vulnerable to various natural and man-made disasters. Every year it is more difficult to solve the problem associated with the further fate of toxic waste every year this number increases by 50 million tons

The most preferred option for the removal of toxic waste from the biosphere consider disposal in a natural insulators: salt, clay strata, granite, gneiss, effusive, and especially those of them in to the which when mining is formed underground goaf, suitable for this purpose.

However, a technical solution that allows you to simultaneously solve the problem of high extraction of subsurface mineral and safe for the environment isolated disposal in mined-out space mines (mines) toxic waste, are missing.

The present invention aimed at solving the complex task of improving the efficiency and safety of mining operations with the creation of conditions for long-term isolated dumping toxic waste or strategic objects.

The solution of this task is mediated by a new technical result consists in creating in the developed space simultaneously with the extraction of minerals, almost unyielding in terms of all-round compression, but permeable for special vehicles environment.

To solve the stated problem, the proposed method of mining is characterized by the fact that it includes the extraction of minerals underground mining method in liquid medium, under the protection of impermeable strata of rocks, after complete flooding of the auxiliary opening and preparatory workings, providing the beginning of the treatment works, the working fluid, neutral useful to fossil and accommodates the guide rocks and under pressure, corresponding to the value of rock pressure at the depth of development, synchronization removal process separate from the rock mass outside the flooded underground space with replenishment of the fluid in this space. The pressure of the working fluid generated by the impact is not pressurized fluid, which is placed or in the shaft, hydraulically connected with the lower flooded auxiliary opening production, the necessary height of a column of pressurized fluid in the shaft (H_CSS), from the mouth of the barrel to the intersection with the lower flooded auxiliary opening production, determined from the expression

where N_se- estimated depth of developed deposits of minerals, m;

γ_se- weighted average volumetric weight of rocks, lying on developing a mineral Deposit, N/m³;

γ_{R j}- weighted average volumetric weight of the working fluid, N/m³;

γ_NZ- weighted average volume weight pressure of the fluid, N/m³;

or in the shaft and the pressure column, located at the earth surface above the mine shaft and hydraulically connected with it, while the height of the column of pressurized fluid in the pressure column (H_SC) definition is given from the expression:

where N₁the height of the column of fluid in the flooded space, from the lower level flooded the lower auxiliary opening framing to roof developed reservoirs, is determined by structural and technological reasons, m, and the height of the column of pressurized fluid in the shaft, from the mouth of the barrel to the intersection with the lower flooded auxiliary opening production, determined from the expression H_CSS=N_se+H₁, m

After completion of development of the reserves of minerals within the mine fields flooded in the developed space place toxic waste from industrial production or strategic targets, while the process of introducing waste or strategic interest in the liquid environment is carried out synchronously with the destruction beyond the flooded space of the working fluid in the volume equal to the volume of the input waste or objects.

Mining of mineral underground mine in the liquid working fluid, neutral to beneficial minerals and host rocks and under a pressure corresponding to the value of rock pressure at the depth of development, owing to nsimemory fluid, filling all the developed space, to exclude proyavlena the rock pressure in the form of displacements and treshinoobrazovaniya in the host rocks even in case of complete removal of balance reserves of mineral resources. Synchronizing the removal process is separated from the rock mass outside the flooded underground space with replenishment of the fluid in this space provides a constant pressure of the working fluid and stable calculated stress state in the array containing impermeable rocks. The pressure of the working fluid by exposure to pressurized fluid, which is placed or in the shaft, hydraulically connected with the lower flooded auxiliary opening production, or in the shaft and the pressure column, located at the earth surface above the mine shaft and hydraulically associated with it, provides a reliable, guaranteed, constant design pressure of the working fluid, independent functioning artificial energy sources and compressor units.

The use of mathematical dependences for definition of column pressure fluid in the shaft or in a pressure column and the shaft allows you to optimize the parameters of the discharge devices in relation to specific geological and mining conditions of mineral development. Sync input process toxic waste industries or strategic interest in the liquid environment by removal of p is edely flooded space of the working fluid in the same volume as the input waste or objects, provides stabilization of the stress-strain state in the array supported by the working fluid of rocks, reduces implementation costs and the movement of wastes and facilities developed in the flooded space.

The drawing shows the scheme of development of mineral deposits, the vertical section.

The method of mining Vastava as follows.

The excavation of minerals presented in the form of a Suite of layers 1, interspersed with mitoplasts 2 empty rocks, are within the boundaries of 3 underground mine field mine way, under the protection of column 4 impermeable rocks, after opening a mine field vertical shafts 5, 6, auxiliary revealing the workings 7, 8, 9, 10, and the bypass auxiliary opening output (not shown)adjacent to the auxiliary opening the mine workings 7 and revealing develop the mineral Deposit floor using sboc (not shown), sinking through the upper layer 1 of preparatory development 11, installation the pressure of the column 12, flooding auxiliary revealing the workings 7, 9, 10, bypass auxiliary mining (not shown) and the preparatory mountain myrabo the key 11 of the working fluid 13 and sinking of the shaft 5 and the pressure of the column 12 pressurized fluid 14. The working fluid 13 is neutral to beneficial minerals and host rocks is developed in the space below the pressure corresponding to the value of rock pressure at the depth of development, the weighted average volume weight pressure fluid 14 is greater than the weighted average volumetric weight of the working fluid 13. Shaft 5 has a hydraulic connection with the displacement of the pressure column 12 and the auxiliary opening mountain development 7, in its lower part. Auxiliary opening excavation 7, in the upper part, is hydraulically connected with the preparatory output 11, which has a hydraulic connection with the upper parts more revealing openings 9, 10. The lower part additional strike openings 9, 10 are isolated and connected respectively to the pipes 15, 16, through which the pump unit 17, 18 are hydraulically connected with the pipes 19, 20, built in auxiliary revealing formulation 8 and the shaft 6.

On the surface of the pipes 19, 20 through valves connected to the dehydration units 21 and 22.

The flooding of mine workings 7, 9, 10, 11 and bypass more revealing generation (not shown) located in the air is removed on the earth's surface through the pipe 23, one end of which is located in the ver is it part of the goaf, and the other is connected with the earth's atmosphere.

The seam 1 mineral lead from the top down. The Department of rock mass from the array and deliver it to the workings 9, 10 is performed using deep-sea mining machine (not shown). In the production of 9 serves extracted minerals 1, in the production of 10 - waste rock from midplate 2. From the production of 9 minerals using hydrotransport remove outside flooded out space through line 15, 19, and waste rock from generation 10 - pipeline 16, 20. The removal process is separated from the rock mass outside the flooded underground space is carried out synchronously with the enlargement of the volume of the working fluid 13 in this space by submitting a submerged space of the working fluid 13. The working fluid 13 is supplied via pipes 24, 25, 26, under the pressure created by the pump system 27, in which the working fluid 13 flows from the unit 28 of the preparation of the working fluid 13. For preparation of the working fluid 13 using the liquid phase obtained by dehydration in the units 21 and 22 issued from the mine slurry mineral 1 and tailings 2 with the working fluid 13. The liquid phase is delivered prior to the installation of 28 preparation of the working fluid 13 through the pipes 29, 30.

Serving the mining operation shall ersonal descends into a wreck of developed space in wetsuits and submersibles (not shown), carrying out communication with the earth's surface through the gateway device 31.

Modern submersibles capable of operating at ambient pressure up to 1000·10⁵N/m²that corresponds mountain pressure in the earth's crust at a depth of about 4000 m

After the development of the reserves of mineral 1 and barren rocks of midplate 2 within the mine fields begin placing in a flooded mined-out space of toxic industrial waste or strategic objects (not shown). Waste or strategic objects injected into the wreck of the mined-out area in sealed containers through the gateway device 31, shaft 5, an additional opening production 7 and the loop more revealing production (not shown).

The process of introducing waste or strategic interest in the wreck of goaf carried out synchronously with the destruction beyond the flooded goaf through line 23 of the working fluid 13 in the same volume as the input waste or objects.

Specific example

When developing a Suite of reservoirs (POS.1) of mineral salts, lying at a depth (H_se), is equal to 250 m, as the working fluid (POS) use a salt solution with average volume weight (γ_{R j}), p the ate 12,3· 10³N/m³. Weighted average volumetric weight of rocks, lying on developing a mineral Deposit (γ_se)equal to 22·10³N/m³and the average volume weight pressure fluid (γ_NZ) - 14,5·10³H/m³.

Then if the pressure of the liquid (POS) only in the shaft (5) the required column height pressure fluid in the shaft (H_CSS), from the mouth of the barrel (5) to the intersection with the lower part of the lower flooded auxiliary revealing generation (pos.7), will be 1102,3 PM When placing pressure fluid (POS) in the shaft (5) and the pressure column (POS. 12) the height of the column of pressurized fluid (POS) in a pressure column (POS. 12) will be 118,7 m, the distance from the lower level flooded the lower auxiliary revealing generation (pos.7) up to the roof of developed deposits (H₁accepted for constructive technological considerations equal to 70 m, and the height of the column of pressurized fluid (POS) in the shaft (5) is 320 meters total height of the column of pressurized fluid in the pressure column and the shaft) is 438,7 m

Thus, the second option required height of the column of pressurized fluid (POS) 2.5 times less than under the first option.

Application of the method of field development the response to mineral Vastava allows the first in the world to provide a full excavation of balance reserves of minerals, preserving out space for an isolated burial of toxic industrial waste or strategic objects.

1. Method development of mineral deposits, characterized in that it includes the extraction of minerals underground mining method in liquid medium under the protection of impermeable strata of rocks after complete flooding of the auxiliary opening and preparatory workings, providing the beginning of the treatment works, the working fluid, is neutral with respect to the beneficial minerals and host rocks and under a pressure corresponding to the value of rock pressure at the depth of development, synchronization removal process separated from the rock mass outside the flooded underground space with replenishment of the fluid in this space.

2. The method of mining according to claim 1, characterized in that the working fluid pressure generated by the impact pressure of the fluid, which is placed or in the shaft, hydraulically connected with the lower flooded auxiliary opening production, the necessary height of a column of pressurized fluid in the shaft (H_CSSfrom the mouth of the barrel to the intersection with the lower flooded supporting the opening production is determined from the expression

where N_se- estimated depth of developed deposits of minerals, m;

γ_se- weighted average volumetric weight of rocks, lying on developing a mineral Deposit, N/m³;

γ_{R j}- weighted average volumetric weight of the working fluid, N/m³;

γ_NZ- weighted average volume weight pressure of the fluid, N/m³,

or in the shaft and the pressure column, located on the earth surface above the mine shaft and hydraulically connected with it, while the height of the column of pressurized fluid in the pressure column (H_SC) is determined from the expression

where H₁the height of the column of fluid in the flooded area from the lower level flooded the lower auxiliary opening framing to roof developed reservoirs is determined by structural and technological reasons, m,

and the height of the column of pressurized fluid in the shaft from the mouth of the barrel to the intersection with the lower flooded auxiliary opening output is determined from the expression

H_CSS=N_se+H₁, m

3. The method of mining according to any one of claims 1 and 2, otlichuy is the, after completion of development of the reserves of minerals within the mine fields flooded in the developed space place toxic, toxic and non-toxic waste from industrial production or strategic interest, the process of introduction of the waste and strategic objects in a liquid environment, carried out synchronously with the destruction beyond the flooded space of the working fluid in the volume equal to the volume of the input waste or objects.