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Cross-linked hyaluronic acid and production method thereof. RU patent 2456299. |
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FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: method involves activation of hyaluronic acid using a cross-linking agent and an auxiliary cross-linking agent. The activated hyaluronic acid then reacts with a nucleophilic cross-linking agent. The pH of the reaction medium ranges from 8 to 12. The nucleophilic cross-linking agent contains at least 50 wt % oligopeptide or polypeptide. Further, pH of the reaction medium is regulated to 5-7 and cross-linked hyaluronic acid is precipitated in the organic solvent. The invention also relates to use of the cross-linked hyaluronic acid obtained using this method in plastic surgery to make implants and to a hedrogel containing said cross-linked hyaluronic acid in a buffer aqueous solvent. EFFECT: invention enables to obtain cross-linked hyaluronic acid in dry form, having high resistance to decomposition factors such as temperature, free radicals and enzymes. 18 cl, 3 tbl, 3 ex
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Method of determining antibacterial activity of chitosan / 2450022 Disclosed is a method of determining antibacterial properties of chitosan by estimating its minimum bacteriostatic and/or bactericidal concentration. Complex buffer solutions based on three organic acids MES, ACES and TES with different pH values are prepared. The ready buffer solutions are poured into a vessel. Double dilutions of chitosan are then prepared in vessels with the buffer solutions. Aliquots of a bacterial suspension in a fluid medium are added to the chitosan solutions in the buffer. The solutions are incubated for 24 hours at temperature which is optimum for bacterial growth. The minimum bacteriostatic and/or minimum bactericidal concentration of chitosan is then determined after incubation by determining growth of the culture or a drop in the number of living cells, respectively. |
Method for preparing boron-containing hyaluronic acid / 2445978 Invention refers to a method for preparing sodium salt of hyaluronic acid modified by boron compounds with no fluid medium added. The method consists in the fact that powdered sodium salt of hyaluronic acid together with a modifying agent and mixed modifying agents is pre-homogenised in a mixer at temperature ranging within 20° to 50°C; thereafter the prepared homogenous powder mixture is simultaneously exposed to pressure and shearing deformation in a mechanochemical reactor at temperature ranging within 20° to 50°C and pressure 5-1000 MPa. |
Method for producing chitosan oligomers / 2445101 Invention refers to medicine, more specifically to producing chitosan oligomers possessing biological activity and applicable in food industry and medicine. In a method for producing chitosan oligomers, a chitosan solution is taken in the concentration of 0.025-0.075% (weight/volume) and exposed to low-frequency ultrasound of the intensity of 92-460 Wt/cm2 for 5-30 minutes. |
Method of producing d(+) glucosamine hydrochloride / 2440362 Method involves preliminary acetylation of chitin with acetic anhydride, washing and drying the acetylated chitin in order to reduce degree of deacetylation thereof and, as a result, increase output of the desired product - D(+)-glucosamine hydrochloride when obtaining said product through hydrolysis of acetylated chitin with concentrated hydrochloric acid while heating, followed by evaporation, crystallisation, separation, washing and drying the desired product. |
Chitosan chromate, synthesis method thereof and energy-intensive composition containing said chitosan chromate / 2439081 Method of producing chitosan chromate involves reaction of soluble chitosan salts with metal chromates in ratio of 2 moles of the chitosan cation to 1 mole of chromate anion or with metal bichromates in ratio of 4 moles of the chitosan cation to 1 mole of the bichromate anion. The solid chitosan chromate residue formed is then separated and dried at temperature not higher than 150°C. The invention discloses an energy-intensive composition based on chitosan dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate containing an effective amount of chitosan chromate. The quantitative ratio in the energy-intensive composition is by the required combustion mode: the higher the content of chitosan chromate, the higher the activity of the composition. |
Method of determining degree of deacetylation of chitosan / 2436798 Method involves taking a certain weighed amount of chitosanium chromate which is first purified from extraneous impurities and reduced to constant weight. The weighed amount is then turned into a stable weighted form through thermal treatment on air at temperature 800-900°C to form chromium oxide Cr2O3. The weight of the formed chromium oxide is then determined. Content of chromic acid in the initial weighed amount of chitosanium chromate is then calculated from the weight of chromium oxide. The degree of deacetylation of chitosan is calculated using defined formulae. |
Method of extracting and stabilising low-molecular aminoglycans from eggshell wastes / 2435786 Invention relates to a method of extracting and stabilising ultra low-molecular aminoglycans from eggshell wastes. Aminoglycan extract is used to produce cosmetic creams with skin moisturising and anti-wrinkle properties. The method of extracting low-molecular aminoglycan compound of formula I from a natural source of eggshell wastes, which consists of alternating glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine units, where M can be one or more of Na, Ca, K, Mg; and n is a whole number from 20 to 40, involves the following steps: (a) preparing eggshell wastes for extraction of embryonic low-molecular aminoglycan compound of formula I using a polar organic solvent in water, (b) extracting low-molecular aminoglycan compound of formula I in form of a water-soluble salt, for which the eggshell from step (a) is vigorously shaken with aqueous polar salt solution at 10°C - 35°C for 6-12 hours, then filtered or centrifuged in order to collect an aqueous layer containing a dissolved aminoglycan compound of formula I; (c) extracting a purified low-molecular aminoglycan compound of formula I by forming a gel from an aqueous mixture of salts using a polar organic solvent, for which the solution from step (b) is successively and step-by-step mixed with an organic solvent mixed with water while gently stirring and then cooled to maintain temperature from 20°C to 25°C, and the formed gel is left for 2-24 hours for complete precipitation, then filtered or centrifuged in order to extract a semidry aminoglycan compound of formula I; (d) the extracted aminoglycan compound of formula I from step (c) is stabilised via gradual addition of organic oils to the semidry gel to form aminoglycan compound of formula I. In order to prepare a composition having anti-wrinkle properties, at least one pharmaceutically acceptable filler is added to the stabilised aminoglycan compound of formula I obtained at step (d). |
Method and apparatus for treating fermented wastes and producing chitin containing biomass / 2430929 Method involves feeding wastes to be treated into artificial containers, biotreatement, tapping the filtrate and removing the obtained biomass. Biotreatement is carried out by culturing hoverfly larvae from the freshly laid eggs phase to the pupation phase in the fermented wastes to be treated, placed in artificial meshed containers the bottom and walls of which are covered with filter cloth. The apparatus has artificial containers, devices for feeding the wastes to be treated, outputting the filtrate and collecting the biomass. The artificial containers have a meshed bottom and walls covered with filter cloth. |
Method of producing nanoparticles of low-molecular chitosan / 2428432 Method of producing nanoparticles of low-molecular chitosan involves preparing a solution of pre-purified low-molecular chitosan in filtered 1-2 wt % aqueous acetic acid, adding solutions of hydroxides of alkali metals or ammonia for 2 hours, dispersing the system using a mechanical mixer at a rate of 200-300 rpm at temperature 20°C to pH 6.9-7.0. Further, the dispersion is centrifuged at 10000 rpm. The obtained solid residue is redispersed in bidistillate while mechanically mixing at a rate of 200-300 rpm at temperature 20°C. |
Method of producing low-molecular chitosan in salt-free medium via enzymatic polymerisation / 2425844 Starting high-molecular chitosan is dissolved in acid solution. The chitosan dissolved in the acid is then precipitated by adding alkali solution. The re-precipitated high-molecular chitosan is washed from the formed salt and excess alkali using a coarse-porous filter. The re-precipitated chitosan is dissolved in acid solution until achieving pH 5.5. An enzyme preparation is then added and hydrolysis is carried out. The reaction is stopped after formation of low-molecular chitosan. |
Method for producing of chitosan from chitin of cancerous / 2246880 Method involves providing deacetylation of raw material with the use of preliminarily cooled alkaline solution; washing and drying. Deacetylation process is performed in three stages, first stage being performed for 7 days and subsequent two stages being performed for 2 hours each, combined with thermal processing at temperature of 55-590C. Washing process is provided after each deacetylation stage. |
Method for chitosane production / 2250909 Claimed method includes subsequent chitosane-containing raw material with non-polar liquefied gas, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali, and water to produce target product in form of solid residue, wherein in at least first extraction step pressure in reaction mixture is periodically released to provide extractant boiling, and than increased up to starting value. |
Method for preparing water-soluble derivatives of chitosan / 2263681 Invention describes a method for preparing water-soluble derivatives of chitosan. Method involves treatment of chitosan with acid medium up to its swelling wherein vapor medium water-acid is used as acid medium. Treatment of chitosan is carried out with vapor of monobasic acid aqueous solution taken among the group including hydrochloric acid, formic acid and acetic acid. Method allows simplifying technology in preparing water-soluble derivatives of chitosan. |
Method for preparing chitosan polyethylene glycol ester / 2266915 Invention relates to methods for preparing chitosan esters. Invention describes a method for preparing chitosan polyethylene glycol ester that involves dissolving chitosan in acetic acid followed by alkalization. Then the reaction mixture is subjected for effect of ethylene oxide under pressure 1-3 atm and temperature 60-100°C, and the concentration of reaction mass is corrected by addition of distilled water up to the density value of solution 1.030-1.032 g/cm3. Then the reaction mass is purified by electrodialysis at the rate value of solution in treatment chambers 3.0 cm/s, not less, temperature 20-45°C, the current density value 0.25-0.75 A/dm2 and the constant volume of the reaction mass. Method provides enhancing the effectiveness of purification by electrodialysis due to reducing energy consumptions. Chitosan esters can be used in medicine, cosmetics, food and chemical industry. |
Modified chitosan / 2269542 Invention relates to the group of chitosan-containing compounds. Invention relates to synthesis of modified chitosan of the following structure: wherein n = 150-1400. The modified chitosan possesses the bactericidal activity, in particular, antituberculosis activity. |
Chitosan preparation process / 2277543 Chitosan preparation process comprises breaking naturally occurring chitin-containing material, charging it into reactor, demineralization with 6-7% aqueous hydrochloric acid, deproteination with sodium hydroxide solution at 85-95°C, deacetylation with sodium hydroxide solution on heating, decoloration, and washing with water after each stage to pH 6.5. Process is characterized by that chitin-containing material broken to achieve fraction 0.5-6 mm is fed simultaneously into a number of reactors, wherein demineralization is effected with aqueous hydrochloric acid stream at 85-95°C for 1.5 h while controlling pH in each reactor exit to achieve acid concentration in each reactor exit the same as concentration of the initial acid by way of feeding it in a continuous manner. In addition, deproteination is carried out with 6-7% sodium hydroxide solution stream for 1.5 h followed by discharging treated material into autoclave to perform deacetylation simultaneously with decoloration using 50% sodium hydroxide solution at 130-140°C in inert gas environment and in presence of 3-5% hydrogen peroxide solution used in amount 3-5% of the total volume of mixture. |
Method for preparing water-soluble saline complexes of hyaluronic acid (variants) / 2280041 Invention relates to methods for preparing water-soluble saline complexes (associates) of hyaluronic acid with d-metals of IV, V and VI periods of Mendeleyev's periodic system of elements that can be used in pharmacology and cosmetology. Invention describes a method for preparing water-soluble saline complexes of hyaluronic acid involving preparing an aqueous solution of salt of d-metal of IV, V and VI periods of periodic system and its mixing with hyaluronic acid sodium salt, holding the mixture, its stirring, dilution with water and isolation of the end product. For mixing method involves using the amount of aqueous salt of abovementioned d-metal that is equivalent to the amount of carboxy-groups of hyaluronic acid sodium salt or in the limit from 0.95 to 1.10. After dilution with water the solution mixture is subjected for ultrafiltration on separating membranes with simultaneous washing out with aqueous salt solution of abovementioned d-metal firstly and then with deionized water followed by concentrating the product. By another variant for mixing the method involves the amount of aqueous solution of d-metal salt lesser of the equivalent amount of carboxy-groups in hyaluronic acid sodium salt. After dilution with water the mixture is subjected for ultrafiltration on separating membranes with simultaneous washing out with deionized water followed by concentrating the product also. Method is characterized by the decreased time of processes and simplicity. |
Method for production of ionically bound depolymerized chitosane derivatives / 2281292 Claimed method is based on using of chitosanase in acetic acid medium and spray drying of and depolymerized chitosane and is characterized in that obtained depolymerized chitosane is preliminary converted in non-ionized form by neutralizing of bound acetic acid with ammonium hydroxide followed by precipitation in ethanol and air drying. Further interaction is carried out with ammonium lipoate or glutathione in aqueous medium. Claimed products may be used individually or in combination with other components. |
Method for preparing modified glycosaminoglycans possessing analgesic property / 2283320 Invention relates to a method for preparing modified glycosaminoglycans possessing analgesic properties. Method involves interaction of glycosaminoglycans with 1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-aminopyrazolone-5-(4-aminoantipyrine) in aqueous medium at pH = 4.7-4.8 in the presence water-soluble 1-ethyl-3-[3-(dimethlamino)propyl]carbodiimide as a condensing agent at room temperature followed by purification from low-molecular reagents. Method involves a single step that simplifies technology in preparing modified glycosaminoglycans. |
Method for isolating purified chitosan from reaction mixture (variant) / 2286352 Invention relates to a method for preparing chitosan and purification from components of the reaction mixture - low-molecular products of deacetylation and alkali excess. Invention relates to a method for purifying chitosan prepared by solid-state method involving treatment of reaction mass with extractant consisting of 3.3-20.0% of water, 32.2-57.1% of ethyl acetate and 24.6-64.5% of ethanol at the extractant boiling point. Also, invention relates to a method for purifying chitosan prepared by suspension method and involving treatment of the reaction mass with ethyl acetate and the following treatment with extractant consisting of 6.2-25.0% of water, 12.5-62.5% of ethyl acetate and 31.3-62.5% of ethanol at the extractant boiling point. |
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