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Pneumoinductive separator

IPC classes for russian patent Pneumoinductive separator (RU 2275247):

B03C1/24 - with material carried by travelling fields

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FIELD: agricultural engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention is designed for separating cereal heaps namely for separating grain and seeds. Proposed pneumoinductive separator includes magnetic circuit in form of vertical cylinder with device for decreasing cross section of channel in upper part, feeder with supply branch pipe, and fan. Separator is furnished with pneumatic channel adjoining device for decreasing cross section of channel and made of nonmagnetic material, with diameter equal to ³/₄ of diameter of magnetic circuit. The latter is made in form of set of coils different in number of turns providing 1.3-1.5 increase of strength of magnetic field in direction from bottom to top.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of bringing out of impurities from working zone of pneumomagnetic separator.

2 tbl, 2 dwg

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, namely to divide the pile of grain, and can be used for separation of seeds of agricultural crops.

Known design pnevmoindustriya separator, selected as a prototype, containing a ring inductor with a magnetic core made in the form of a vertically installed hollow cylinder with windings arranged in the annular grooves on its inner surface; a feeder device for feeding material into the working area, made in the form of a conical divider top pointed upwards, and is equipped with a tube of ferromagnetic material located above the conical divider inside the magnetic core coaxially with the latter, a fan located in the casing below the level of the divider, and devices for reducing the cross section of the channel located in the upper part of the magnetic circuit (description to PM EN No. 21032, IPC⁷In 03 With 1/24, BULL. No. 35, 20.12.2004).

The main disadvantage of the known separator is difficulty in removing the weed from the working area, which occurs in the upper part of the working channel, as there is intense increase of inductance in the border area of the magnetic circuit. Set in the working area of the divider does not significantly affect the process section the value of the separated material, and only distorts the air field in the working zone of the separator and complicates the design.

The objective of the invention is the improvement of the operational characteristics pneumonanthe separator.

The technical result from the use of the invention - improving the efficiency output of weeds from the working area pneumonanthe separator.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that pneumonectomy separator comprising a magnetic core in the form of a vertical cylinder with a device for reducing the cross section of the channel in the upper part of the feeder with a feed pipe and a fan with there, adjacent to the device to reduce the cross-section of the channel is made of a nonmagnetic material with a diameter equal to³/₄the diameter of the magnetic core, while the latter is in the form of a set of coils with different number of turns, which increases the magnetic field strength from the bottom up in 1,3-1,5 times.

Introduction to the claimed design pnevmoapparatury of there is made in the form of a cylinder of nonmagnetic material with a diameter equal to³/₄the diameter of the magnetic core, allows to obtain a uniform distribution of the inductance of the magnetic field in the cross section of the working area. This is because in the border areas of the magnetic viewers what is intensive growth inductance. When placing a cylinder of non-magnetic material in the channel of the magnetic cross-border area outside of the workspace there.

It is found experimentally that increasing the magnetic field strength of 1.3...1.5 times is optimal for effective removal of weeds. When increasing the magnetic field strength of more than 1.5 times there is a sticky weeds in the working area pnevmoindustriya separator. When increasing the magnetic field strength is less than 1.3 times the efficiency output of weeds decreases sharply due to the receipt of weeds in the receiver seeds of cultivated plants.

1 shows a General view of pnevmoindustriya separator; figure 2 is a graph showing the change of the magnetic inductance In the cross-section of the magnetic circuit along the radius R.

Pneumonectomy separator consists of a feeder 1 and the feed pipe 2 made of a nonmagnetic material, devices for reducing the cross section of the channel 3, made for example in the form of a confuser, the magnetic core 4, made of a set of coils with different number of turns, increasing from the bottom up, providing increased magnetic field strength from the bottom up in 1,3-1,5 times. Coaxially with the magnetic core 4 is posted there 5 formed by the cylinder 6 is made of non-magnetic m the material diameter, equal³/₄the diameter of the magnetic core. The cylinder 6 is adjacent to the extending portion of the fixture 3.

In the lower part of the separator is installed receiver seeds of cultivated plants 7. In the upper part of the separator is a cyclone 8, the fan 9 and the receiver weeds 10.

The device operates as follows.

Prepared the separated material through the feeder 1 and the feed pipe 2 is fed into the working area - there is a 5, where the fan 9 creates an upward air flow with a velocity less than the velocity of wool seeds. Seeds of cultivated plants not covered by the powder, the electromagnetic field of the inductor is not valid, which is why they are under the influence of gravity fall down the receiver seeds 7.

Weeds, coated with a magnetic powder under the action of aerodynamic and electromagnetic forces swept up to the fixture 3, not zalepa the walls of the cylinder 6, as by reducing the cross section of the channel the air flow is accelerated to a speed greater than the speed of wool seeds. Seeds coming from the zone of action of the electromagnetic field of the inductor, are removed from the working area and served in the cyclone 8, which are separated from the air stream and fall into the receiver weeds 10.

An alternating magnetic field in the magnetic circuit 4 operates in the direction of air flow and increases the I from the bottom up, giving additional impetus to weeds, increasing the speed of their withdrawal from the working area there is a separator more than 1.5 times.

Table 1 presents comparative characteristics of speed weeds in the working area declared pnevmoindustriya separator with the prototype.

Table 1
	The speed of the weeds in the working area pnevmoindustriya separator, m/s
prototype	4,5
in the inventive separator	7

Table 2 shows the example design parameters of the set of four coils forming the magnetic core in the experimental cage for small grain crops, such as clover or flax. The material of the windings of the coils - copper, the diameter of the wire windings is 0.001 m, the inner diameter of the magnetic - 0.08 m diameter there is 0.06 m, the length there - 0.15 m, and the magnetic field strength between the first and fourth coil is increased 1.5 times.

Table 2
Options	coil 1	coil 2	coil 3	coil 4
the number Vitko the	651	700	800	900
the magnetic field strength, T	0,0429	0,0477	0,0521	0,0624

Pneumonectomy separator comprising a magnetic core in the form of a vertical cylinder with a device for reducing the cross section of the channel in the upper part of the feeder with a feed pipe and a fan, wherein the separator is equipped with a there is attached to the device to reduce the cross-section of the channel is made of a nonmagnetic material with a diameter equal to³/₄the diameter of the magnetic core, while the latter is in the form of a set of coils with different number of turns, which increases the magnetic field strength from the bottom up in 1,3-1,5 times.